重慶市第一中學2024-2025學年高二上學期期中考試英語試題

2024年重慶一中高2026屆高二上期半期考試英語試題卷英語試題卷共9頁。滿分150分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。注意事項：1．答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號碼填寫在答題卡上。2．作答時，務必將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷及草稿紙上無效。3．考試結束后，請將答題卡交回。第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分20分)第一節(jié)(共5小題：每小題1分，滿分5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatshouldthemandotosavehisplant?A．Giveitmorefood.B．Giveitlesswater.C．Giveitlesssunlight.2．Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A．Sheisshortwithdarkhair.B．Shehasacousinwithgoldenhair.C．Shedreamedofmakinghairchanges.3．Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A．Addhertothelist.B．Bookaticketforher.C．Giveheraphonenumber.4．Whatarethespeakersprobablydoingrightnow?A．Attendingaparty.B．Goingfoodshopping.C．Searchingforaparkingspace.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theirplansforthefuture.B．Afriendoftheirs.C．Amoviecharacter.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whycan’tthemanusehisownphone?A．Ithasrunoutofbattery.B．Hehaslostitsomewhere.C．There’saproblemwiththescreen.7．Howdoestheapphelpthewomansleep?A．Itplaysrelaxingmusic.B．Itblocksoutthebluescreenlight.C．ItpreventsInternetuseintheevening.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whatistheman’sproblem?A．Hehasatemperature.B．HeisstrugglingtosaveenergyC．Heistoocoldtodohiswork.9．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?.A．Inanoffice.B．Inthewoman’shouse.C．Inaschool.10．Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A．Startingworkingfromhome.B．TakingbettercareoftheirhealthC．Discussingtheissuewiththeleader.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Howdothespeakersfeelnow?A．Bored.B．Disappointed.C．Excited.12．Whatisprobablythewoman’smaininterest?A．Gardening.B．Toyhouses.C．Modeltrains.13．Whatwillthemanprobablydofirst?A．Gotothebathroom.B．Getsomethingtoeat.C．Buythetickets.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Motherandson.B．Strangers.C．Teacherandstudent.15．Whatmonthisitnow?A．September.B．October.C．November.16．Whatsportwasthemaninvolvedin?A．Football.B．Swimming.C．Basketball.17．Whatdoesthemanprobablywanttobeinthefuture?A．Anartist.B．Anathlete.C．Adoctor.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．WhodidthespeakergototheAICanteenwith?A．Afamilymember.B．Alocalfriend.C．Abusinesspartner.19．Whatisonedisadvantageofthecanteenaccordingtothespeaker?A．Itlackedhumanemotions.B．Therewasn’tmuchchoice.C．Thefooddidn’ttasteverynice.20．HowmanypeoplecantheAIsystemserveinaday?A．100．B．200．C．300．第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項A、B、C和D中，選出最佳選項。APeoplehavebeenrecyclinghouseholdwasteforroughlytwodecades.Nevertheless,someuncertaintyexistsregardingwhichitemsarerecyclableandwhicharenot.Astechnologyprogresses,anincreasingnumberofitemshavebeerecyclable.COFFEECAPSULESOnaverage,Australiansareusingmorethanthreemillioncoffeecapsulesperday,andabout1.5millionhouseholdshaveautomaticcoffeemachines.Whilethecapsulesaredisastrousfortheenvironment,theycanstillberecycled.Nespressooffersafreereturnprogramandhasdropofflocations,allowingyoutobringthecapsulestoNespressostoresfordisposal(處理).LIGHTBULBSInsteadofdiscardinglightbulbsinthetrash,somelocalgovernmentsrunrecyclingcenters,whereyoucanplacesuchitems.Ifyouregularlyrecyclehouseholdglass,kindlyremembertowashtheglassandremoveanylidsbeforehand.PIZZABOXESNormallypizzaboxesdon’tmakeitintorecyclingbecausethey’recoveredingrease(油脂)andleftoverbitsofcheese.Whenapizzaboxistoooily,itwon’tbetakentoarecyclingprocessingplant.Ifpossible,removeasmuchoftheleftoversasyoucanbeforerecycling.Ifthepizzaboxcan’tberecycled,tearoffthelidwhichcanstillberecycled.HOUSEHOLDBATTERIESHouseholdbatteriescanalsoberecycled.Batteriesthatdoendupinlandfillscancauseaseriousproblemtotheenvironmentastheycanreleasepoisonouschemicalsintothesoilwhichareharmfultobothhumansandanimals.Buttoncellbatteries,whichareusedinhearingaidsandwatches,canalsoberecycled.1.HowdoesNespressohelpwiththecoffeecapsules?A.Byofferinggoodcoffeeforfree.B.Bycollectingcapsulesforrecycling.C.Byexchangingcoffeemachinesregularly.D.Bywarningpeopleoftheharmofcoffeecapsules.2.Whatdopeopleneedtodofirsttorecyclepizzaboxes?A.Washthemmanytimes. B.Dropoffboxesatthepizzashop.C.Takethemtothelocalgovernment. D.Cleartheleftoversasmuchaspossible.3.Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A.Health. B.Entertainment. C.Environment. D.Culture.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【導語】本文是篇說明文。文章主要列舉了一些可以回收利用的生活垃圾?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Nespressooffersafreereturnprogramandhasdropofflocations,allowingyoutobringthecapsulestoNespressostoresfordisposal(處理).(Nespresso咖啡機提供免費退還計劃，并設有放置地點，允許您將膠囊?guī)У絅espresso商店進行處理。)”可知，Nespresso通過收集膠囊回收利用來幫助處理咖啡膠囊。故選B。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Ifpossible,removeasmuchoftheleftoversasyoucanbeforerecycling.(如果可能的話，在回收之前盡可能多地清理殘留的飯菜。)”可知，要回收比薩盒子，首先就要盡可能將盒子上殘留的飯菜清理干凈。故選D。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Peoplehavebeenrecyclinghouseholdwasteforroughlytwodecades.(大約二十年來，人們一直在回收生活垃圾。)”、第二段“Whilethecapsulesaredisastrousfortheenvironment,theycanstillberecycled.(雖然這些膠囊對環(huán)境是災難性的，但它們仍然可以回收利用。)”、第三段“Insteadofdiscardinglightbulbsinthetrash,somelocalgovernmentsrunrecyclingcenters,whereyoucanplacesuchitems.(一些地方政府沒有把燈泡扔進垃圾桶，而是開設了回收中心，你可以把這些東西放在那里。)”和最后一段“Batteriesthatdoendupinlandfillscancauseaseriousproblemtotheenvironmentastheycanreleasepoisonouschemicalsintothesoilwhichareharmfultobothhumansandanimals.(最終被填埋的電池會對環(huán)境造成嚴重問題，因為它們會向土壤中釋放有毒化學物質，對人類和動物都有害。)”可知，文章主要講述了對一些對環(huán)境有害的生活垃圾的回收利用。故選C。BMycuriosityaboutbodylanguagestartedwithaparticularprofessorfrommyuniversity.Onabriskmorning,asheplayfullypointedoutmytendencytorubmynosewheneverIwoveexcusesforbeinglatetohislectures,hefascinatedmewiththegrippingnotionof“Pinocchio”.Actually,whensomeonetellsalie,theperson’sbloodrushestothenoseandtheextrabloodmakesititchy(發(fā)癢的).Thislittleexampleofnonverbalmunicationinspiredmetobeeabodylanguageexpert.Now,Iearnmylivingbytrainingpeopleinnonverbalmunication.Knowingwhensomeoneislyingandknowinghowtopersuadepeopleyou’retellingthetrutharetwoofthemostimportantskillsyou’lleverlearn.Ihavespentalotoftimestudyingthewaysthehumanbodygivesmorereliableinformationthanthewordswespeak.Thewordssayonethingbutthebodymaysaysomethingpletelydifferent.Weknowthatcrossedarmscanbeseenaseitherdefensiveoraggressive,butwhataboutfacialexpressions,posturesandgestures?Allofthesesayalotandcanonlybeunderstoodifyouknowhowtomakesenseofthesigns.BusinessclientsarealwaysinneedofmyservicesandItrytoimprovetheirconfidencebyteachingthemaboutbodylanguage.Igiveadviceabouthandshakes,whichshouldalwaysbefirmandsteady,andIteachtheimportanceofpersonalspace.Theymayseemlikeminormatters,butthesecodesofbehaviourcanbethekeytomakingorbreakingabusinessdeal.Myworkinglifegivesmeagreatdealofsatisfaction.IfeelthatI’mprovidingapublicservice,butitisaservicethathashaditsdownside.WheneverImeetsomeonenewandItellthemwhatIdoforaliving,theyimmediatelyputtheirguardupandthey’renolongerrelaxed.TheyquiteliterallyfreezeintheattempttohideallthesignalsthattheythinkI’mreading.Itmakeslifedifficultattimes,butIconsideritasmallpricetopayforajobIenjoysomuch.4.Whatisthepurposeofmentioningtheauthor’sprofessorinthefirstparagraph?A.Toshowhowhumoroushisprofessorwas.B.Tointroducewhattheconceptof“Pinocchio”is.C.Todescribehowinterestinghisuniversitylifewas.D.Toexplainwhatencouragedhimtopickhiscareer.5.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?A.Crossedarmsalwaysindicatedefensiveness.B.Understandingbodylanguagerequiresspecificskills.C.Spokenwordsaremoretrustworthythanbodysignals.D.Facialexpressions,postures,andgesturesconveyinsignificantinformation.6.Whydopeopleactinanunusualwayafterknowingtheauthor’soccupation?ATheybelieveheisstudyingthem. B.Theyconsiderhimaggressive.C.Theydon’tlikehisservice. D.Theyarerootedinshock.7.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhisjob?A.Stablebutdifficult. B.Flexiblebutdemanding.C.Fulfillingbutchallenging. D.Innovativebutfastpaced.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作為研究肢體語言的專家，作者論述了肢體語言的重要性，并提到這份特別的工作對自己的影響?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Mycuriosityaboutbodylanguagestartedwithaparticularprofessorfrommyuniversity.Onabriskmorning,asheplayfullypointedoutmytendencytorubmynosewheneverIwoveexcusesforbeinglatetohislectures,hefascinatedmewiththegrippingnotionof“Pinocchio”.Actually,whensomeonetellsalie,theperson’sbloodrushestothenoseandtheextrabloodmakesititchy(發(fā)癢的).Thislittleexampleofnonverbalmunicationinspiredmetobeeabodylanguageexpert.Now,Iearnmylivingbytrainingpeopleinnonverbalmunication.(我對肢體語言的好奇始于我大學里的一位教授。在一個清爽的早晨，他開玩笑地指出，每當我為他上課遲到編借口時，我就會蹭鼻子。他用“匹諾曹”這個扣人心弦的概念吸引了我。事實上，當一個人說謊時，血液會涌到鼻子上，多余的血液會讓鼻子發(fā)癢。這個非語言交流的小例子激勵我成為一名肢體語言專家。現(xiàn)在，我通過培訓人們的非語言溝通來謀生)”可知，作者大學時的一位教授從作者的肢體語言中發(fā)現(xiàn)了他在撒謊，這激起了作者研究肢體語言的興趣。由此推知，作者提到教授是為了解釋什么鼓勵他選擇自己的職業(yè)。故選D。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Allofthesesayalotandcanonlybeunderstoodifyouknowhowtomakesenseofthesigns.(所有這些都說明了很多，只有你知道如何理解這些符號，你才能理解它們)”及本段介紹了一些體態(tài)語表示的內容可知，理解肢體語言需要特定的技能。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“WheneverImeetsomeonenewandItellthemwhatIdoforaliving,theyimmediatelyputtheirguardupandthey’renolongerrelaxed.TheyquiteliterallyfreezeintheattempttohideallthesignalsthattheythinkI’mreading.(每當我遇到一個新朋友，我告訴他們我是做什么的，他們就會立刻提高警惕，不再放松。他們真的會愣住，試圖隱藏他們認為我在讀的所有信號)”可知，接觸作者的人聽說他的職業(yè)后會表現(xiàn)得不自然，是因為他們覺得作者會研究他們。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Myworkinglifegivesmeagreatdealofsatisfaction.(我的工作生活給了我很大的滿足)”及“Itmakeslifedifficultattimes,butIconsideritasmallpricetopayforajobIenjoysomuch.(這有時會讓生活變得困難，但我認為這是為我喜歡的工作付出的小小代價)”可知，作者的工作讓作者很有滿足感，但有時候會有挑戰(zhàn)。故選C。CDuringthe1960s,whileresearchingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark,BobChrisencounteredamysterythat,surprisingly,hadneverbotheredanyonebefore:hewasunabletolocatethepark’svolcano.IthadbeenwellestablishedforalongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnature—that’swhataccountedforallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.ButChriscouldn’tfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.Mostofus,whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes,onlythinkoftheclassiccone(圓錐體)shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro,whicharecreatedwheneruptinglava(巖漿)pilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth,withafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis,however,asecondlessknownsortofvolcanothatdoesn’tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesevolcanoesaresopowerfulthattheyexplodeinonelargecrack,leavingahugeholecalledacaldera.Yellowstoneclearlybelongedtothissecondsort,butChriscouldn’tfindthecalderaanywhere.JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhighaltitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceenlargementforoneofthevisitors’centers.AssoonasChristsawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera:almostthewholepark—2.2millionacres—wasacaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.8.WhatconfusedChriswhenhewasstudyingYellowstone?A.Itssteamyfeatures. B.Itsgeographicdiversity.C.Themysteryofitshistory. D.Thelocationofitsvolcano.9.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thetypesofvolcanoes.B.Theprocessoflavaeruption.C.Theimpactofvolcanoforming.D.TheexperienceofaMexicanfarmer.10.Whatmadeitdifficultforpeopletofindthecaldera?A.Thecaldera’ssize. B.NASA’sequipment.C.Visitors’carelessness. D.Yellowstone’shistory.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Yellowstone’sHiddenTreasure.B.TheMagicalBirthofYellowstone’sVolcano.C.Yellowstone’sHiddenCalderaRevealedbyNASA.D.TheDiscoveryofYellowstone’sMissingMountain.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了二十世紀六十年代BobChristiansen在研究黃石公園的火山歷史時，奇怪地發(fā)現(xiàn)到處看不到火山的影子，原來，這兒的火山并不是像我們大部分人想象的那種圓錐體形狀的高聳的樣子，而是一個巨大的洞，這個洞太大了以至于從地面上的任何地方都看不見。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Duringthe1960s,whileresearchingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark,BobChrisencounteredamysterythat,surprisingly,hadneverbotheredanyonebefore:hewasunabletolocatethepark’svolcano.(在20世紀60年代，BobChristiansen在研究黃石國家公園的火山歷史時，遇到了一個以前從未困擾過任何人的謎團：他無法找到公園里的火山。)”可知，Christiansen在研究黃石公園時，火山的位置讓他困惑。故選D項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Mostofus,whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes,onlythinkoftheclassicconeshapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro,whicharecreatedwheneruptinglavapilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth,withafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis,however,asecondlessknownsortofvolcanothatdoesn’tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesevolcanoesaresopowerfulthattheyexplodeinonelargecrack,leavingahugeholecalledacaldera.Yellowstoneclearlybelongedtothissecondsort,butChriscouldn’tfindthecalderaanywhere.(當我們談到火山時，大多數(shù)人只會想到富士山或乞力馬扎羅山的經(jīng)典錐形，這是熔巖噴發(fā)時堆積起來的。它們的形成速度非?？?。1943年，一位墨西哥農(nóng)民驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，他的一小塊土地上冒出了煙。不到一個星期，他就成了一個500英尺高的圓錐體。不到兩年，它的頂峰已經(jīng)達到了近1400英尺，直徑超過了半英里。地球上總共有大約一萬個這樣的火山，其中有幾百個已經(jīng)不再噴發(fā)了。然而，還有另一種不太為人所知的火山，它與造山活動無關。這些火山非常強大，它們在一個大裂縫中爆炸，留下一個巨大的洞，叫做火山口。黃石公園顯然屬于第二種類型，但Christiansen在任何地方都找不到火山口)”可知，本段主要講述了火山的兩種類型。故選A項?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“AssoonasChristsawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera:almostthewholepark—2.2millionacres—wasacaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.(Christ一看到照片，就意識到他為什么沒能發(fā)現(xiàn)火山口：幾乎整個公園——220萬英畝——都是一個火山口。爆炸留下了一個40多英里寬的洞——太大了，從地面上的任何地方都看不見)”可知，火山口的巨大尺寸使其難以被發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選A項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhighaltitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceenlargementforoneofthevisitors’centers.AssoonasChristsawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera:almostthewholepark—2.2millionacres—wasacaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.(就在這個時候，美國宇航局決定通過拍攝黃石公園的照片來測試一些新的高空相機。一位深思熟慮的官員把其中的一些復印件交給了公園管理部門，他認為這些復印件可以用于擴建某個游客中心。Christ一看到照片，就意識到他為什么沒能發(fā)現(xiàn)火山口：幾乎整個公園——220萬英畝——都是一個火山口。爆炸留下了一個40多英里寬的洞——太大了，從地面上的任何地方都看不見。在過去的某個時候，黃石公園一定以一種遠遠超過人類所知的規(guī)模的暴力爆炸了)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了NASA的高空相機揭示了黃石公園隱藏的火山口，所以C項“Yellowstone’sHiddenCalderaRevealedbyNASA(美國國家航空航天局揭示了黃石公園隱藏的火山口)”是本文最好的標題。故選C項。DOneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofchildrenisthattheyplay.Theyrunaroundincircles,crashwiththings,andjumpinpuddles—notwithanypurposeinmind,butsimplyforthefunofit.Andthat’sexactlyhowpsychologistsdefineplay:asaselfdirected,intrinsically(內在地)motivatedactivitywithnopurposeoutsidetheactivityitself.Playiswhatwedojustforthejoyofit.Inchildren,playisseenasnormalandnatural,andasapowerfulwaytolearn.Butaswegrowup,weetoseeplayasunnecessary.Wemayfaultourselvesforplayingwhenwecouldbegettingthingsdone.Atbest,weseeplayasrewardforalongday’swork,ameanstoupliftourselvesorawaytorelaxbeforedivingbackintothetroublesofoureverydaylives.Butplayisn’tjustawaytoletoffsteamandreducestress.Fittingplaytimeintoyourdayisimportantforworkingproductivity.Playisabasicemotionalsystem,essentialinbothchilddevelopmentandadultcreativity.Studiesalsoshowthatitincreasesjobsatisfaction,resourcefulnessandinnovation.Moreimportantly,playpreparesustotackletheunexpectedbybroadeningthebreadthofexperiencesyouhavetodrawfromwhenmeetingnewchallenges.Whatseparatesplayfromreallifeisthelackofrisks.Playprovidesasafeenvironmenttolearncognitive(認知的),motorandsocialskillsandtomakemistakeswithoutseriousconsequences.Whenasoldieronthebattlefieldtriestoavoidenemyfire,itmaycausethempsychologicaldamagebecausetheirlifeisontheline.Butifyoudothesamemovementinagame,you’reprobablyhavingagoodtime.Likeotherbasicdrivessuchaseating,playispleasurable.Butwhatevolutionarypurposedoesitserve?Themostpossiblescientificexplanationisthatplayteachesushowtoaddresstheunexpected.Theworldisunpredictable,andtosurvive,weneedtoadapttonewsituations.Playisawayofexperimentingwithvariousbinationstoseewhatworksanddevelopingflexibleresponsestounforeseenevents.We’renotbornwithanunderstandingofhowtheworldworks.Playishowwefigureitout.12.Whatisthemotivationforchildrentoplay?A.Thepurejoyofplayingitself.B.Theirkeeninterestineverything.C.Theirdesiretochallengethemselves.D.Theworkingproductivitytheyreceiveformplaying.13.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“l(fā)etoffsteam”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Getfreshexperience. B.Bravethedifficulties.C.Relievenegativeemotions. D.Beepowerfulgradually.14.Whatistheevolutionarypurposeofplay?A.Toimproveadults’creativity. B.Toprepareusfortheunknownfuture.C.Tohelpwiththepsychologicaldamage. D.Toboostchildren’scognitivedevelopment.15.Whatcanwelearnaboutplayfromthispassage?A.Playestobethebestsourceofentertainment.B.Playpromotescreativityandexplorationinusall.C.Playserveslittlepracticalpurposeinevolution.D.Playbenefitspersonallivesinnumerousways.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。研究表明玩耍時間可以讓我們更好地準備面對意想不到的事情和解決問題。12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Oneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofchildrenisthattheyplay.Theyrunaroundincircles,crashwiththings,andjumpinpuddles—notwithanypurposeinmind,butsimplyforthefunofit.(孩子們玩耍的動機是什么孩子的一個顯著特征是他們喜歡玩耍。他們繞著圈跑，撞到東西，在水坑里跳——沒有任何目的，只是為了好玩。)”可知，孩子們玩耍的動機是游戲本身的純粹樂趣。故選A?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段“Butplayisn’tjustawaytoletoffsteamandreducestress.(但玩耍不僅僅是一種letoffsteam和減壓的方式。)”可知，and前后并列的意思相近，reducestress“減少壓力”，意思就是relievenegativeemotions.表示“緩解負面情緒”。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butwhatevolutionarypurposedoesitserve?Themostpossiblescientificexplanationisthatplayteachesushowtoaddresstheunexpected.Theworldisunpredictable,andtosurvive,weneedtoadapttonewsituations.(但是它的進化目的是什么呢？最可能的科學解釋是，玩耍教會我們如何應對意外情況。世界是不可預測的，為了生存，我們需要適應新的情況。)”可知，游戲的進化目的讓我們?yōu)槲粗奈磥碜龊脺蕚?。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Fittingplaytimeintoyourdayisimportantforworkingproductivity.Playisabasicemotionalsystem,essentialinbothchilddevelopmentandadultcreativity.Studiesalsoshowthatitincreasesjobsatisfaction,resourcefulnessandinnovation.Moreimportantly,playpreparesustotackletheunexpectedbybroadeningthebreadthofexperiencesyouhavetodrawfromwhenmeetingnewchallenges.(在一天中安排娛樂時間對提高工作效率很重要。游戲是一種基本的情感系統(tǒng)，在兒童發(fā)展和成人創(chuàng)造力中都是必不可少的。研究還表明，它能提高工作滿意度、智謀和創(chuàng)新能力。更重要的是，當你面對新的挑戰(zhàn)時，游戲可以拓寬你的經(jīng)驗，讓我們準備好應對意想不到的事情。)”可知，游戲可以通過多種方式有益于個人生活。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ExploreYourOwnTownWhenwasthelasttimeyoutrulyexploredyourcity?It’seasytogetsobusyinyourlifethatyoubarelynoticethefascinatingworldwhereyoulive.Takingtimetoknowyourowntownorcitycanhelpyoulearnaboutitsheritageandseeyoursurroundingsinanewlight.____16____.Withtheweatheroutsidewarmingup,nowisagoodtimetogoexploringwithatrustedadult.Here’showtogetstarted.Pretendyou’reatouristManytimes,whenyouliveinaplace,youneverreallyexploresomeofthelocalhighlightsthatavisitormight.Startbyaskingyourselfthisquestion:IfIhadfriendsingtotownwhohadneverbeenherebefore,wherewouldIsuggesttheygo?____17____.Maybeit’sahistoricbuildingyoucantour,aniceparkthatyoucanhikein,oranewicecreamstoreyou’vebeenwantingtotry.____18____Dosomeresearchonlineandtalktoanadultaboutwhatsightsarewithinaclosedrive.Again,trytothinkaboutwhereyou’dgoifyouweretravelingtoyourcity.Alocalmuseumorzoomighthaveanewexhibityouhaven’tseensincethelasttimeyouvisited.YoucanalsofindoutwhetheranyTVshowsormovieshavebeenfilmednearyouandvisitthelocation.Checkoutsiteslikemovielocations.and.SeekoutaguidedtourWithanadult’ssupervision,lookupwalkingtoursforawholenewwaytoexploreyourcity.Somecitiesofferwalkingtoursfocusedonatheme,likefoodorlocalparks.(InNewYorkCity,forexample,therearepizzatours.)____19____Anotheroption:Morethan300UScitieshaveSegwaytours,whichcanbeafunwaytoexplorefarandwide.TakeaphotographywalkAnotherwaytoseewhereyoulivewithfresheyesistogoexploringwithyourcamera.Pickathemeforyourphotos,whetherit’sarchitecture,localwaterways,orbirdsandotherwildlifeinyourarea.____20____A.Considerlocalattractions.B.Discoverhiddenmuseums.C.Beinga“tourist”meanstryingsomethingnewinyourhometown.D.Youcanalsosearchforfreeselfguidedwalkingtoursinyourarea.E.Exploringyourtowncanrevealhiddenstoriesandgiveyouanewperspective.F.Captainingthesethemesmakesyourcityunique,givingyoumemoriestotreasure.G.Theyhighlightyoursurroundings,butyoumayfindotherplacesaremorespecial.【答案】16.E17.C18.A19.D20.F【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。主要講述了如何花時間去探索自己所在的城鎮(zhèn)?！?6題詳解】上文提到“Takingtimetoknowyourowntownorcitycanhelpyoulearnaboutitsheritageandseeyoursurroundingsinanewlight.(花時間了解自己的城鎮(zhèn)或城市可以幫助你了解它的遺產(chǎn)，并以新的視角看待你的環(huán)境)”，由此可知，此空應承接上文，說明探索自己所居住城市的好處，E項“Exploringyourtowncanrevealhiddenstoriesandgiveyouanewperspective(探索你的城鎮(zhèn)可以揭示隱藏的故事，并給你一個新的視角)”符合語境，此句中的“anewperspective”與上文中的“seeyoursurroundingsinanewlight”相呼應。故選E項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段主題句“Pretendyou’reatourist(假裝你是一個游客)”和下文“Maybeit’sahistoricbuildingyoucantour,aniceparkthatyoucanhikein,oranewicecreamstoreyou’vebeenwantingtotry.(也許是一座你可以參觀的歷史建筑，一個你可以徒步旅行的美麗公園，或者一家你一直想嘗試的新冰淇淋店)”可知，本段是說以游客的身份去探索家鄉(xiāng)的一些地方，C項“Beinga‘tourist’meanstryingsomethingnewinyourhometown(做一個‘游客’意味著在你的家鄉(xiāng)嘗試一些新事物)”符合語境，呼應主題句。故選C項?！?8題詳解】空處是段落主題句，根據(jù)下文“Alocalmuseumorzoomighthaveanewexhibityouhaven’tseensincethelasttimeyouvisited.YoucanalsofindoutwhetheranyTVshowsormovieshavebeenfilmednearyouandvisitthelocation.(當?shù)氐牟┪镳^或動物園可能有你上次參觀以來從未見過的新展品。你還可以查找是否有任何電視節(jié)目或電影在你附近拍攝，并參觀拍攝地點)”可知，本段是有關當?shù)氐木包c，A項“Considerlocalattractions(考慮當?shù)氐木包c)”符合語境。故選A項?！?9題詳解】上文提到“Somecitiesofferwalkingtoursfocusedonatheme,likefoodorlocalparks.(一些城市提供以某個主題為重點的徒步旅行，比如食物或當?shù)毓珗@)”，由此可知，此空應承接上文，繼續(xù)說明徒步旅行的相關內容，D項“Youcanalsosearchforfreeselfguidedwalkingtoursinyourarea.(你也可以在你所在地區(qū)搜索免費的自助徒步旅行)”符合語境，此句中的“walkingtours”與上文中的“walkingtours”相呼應。故選D項?！?0題詳解】上文提到“Pickathemeforyourphotos,whetherit’sarchitecture,localwaterways,orbirdsandotherwildlifeinyourarea.(為你的照片選擇一個主題，無論是建筑、當?shù)氐乃?，還是你所在地區(qū)的鳥類和其他野生動物)”，由此可知，此空應承接上文，說明選擇主題拍照的好處，F(xiàn)項“Captainingthesethemesmakesyourcityunique,givingyoumemoriestotreasure(捕捉這些主題使你的城市獨一無二，給你值得珍藏的記憶)”符合語境，此句中的“thesethemes”指代上文提到的照片主題。故選F項。第三部分：英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給四個選項A、B、C和D中，選出可以填入空表處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Thepolarbearwasatinypointinafrozenwhiteworld.Afilmcrewbegantofollowatadistance,graduallygetting____21____,hopingto____22____agoodpicture.However,thebearcametoarestataholeintheiceandstartedtowait.Sodidthecrew.For12hoursthebearlayhalfasleep,half____23____withoutamove.Thecrewhadbeenworkingfor22hours____24____ontheseaice.Coldandexhausted,they____25____defeat.Hoursofwaitingforlittlerewardisnotunmon.Onrareoccasions,apolarbearmightdisplayitsplayfulnature,rollingontheiceorplayingwithsnow.Theselightheartedmomentsstoodinsharpcontrasttotheotherwiseharshenvironment.“It’sthepricewe____26____togetuniqueimages,”saysawardwinningphotographerFlorianLedoux.“Itisa_____27_____forustogeteachshotintheArctic—wepushourlimits.”Theirperseveranceoftenpaidoff.Onsomeluckydays,theteamcapturedrarescenesofpolarbearshuntingsealsorinteractingwiththeircubs.Thesemoments,thoughbrief,wereworthalltheeffort.However,thebattleisintense,especiallyduringwinter:____28____darknessaffectsyourmood,thelackofroutine____29____yourbodyclock,youareforeverfightingagainstthebittercold,andeverythingyoutouchwith_____30_____handsstickstoyourskin.Howeverthickyourclothesare,thecold_____31_____through.AnArcticphotographerforyears,Ledouxhas_____32_____thesignificantchangesthere.Forinstance,oncesolidicefieldsnowbreakapartearlierintheseason,forcingpolarbearstoswimlongdistancestofindfood.Itisheatingup,causingicetomeltand_____33_____agreatthreattothewholeecosystem.“AmIjustphotographing?No,”hesays.“Itrytocatchsomeuniquebeautyof_____34_____togivea_____35_____totheonethatcanno