山東專用2024新高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)第2板塊強(qiáng)化知識(shí)運(yùn)用專題3完形填空含解析

PAGE專題3完形填空卷別年份體裁題材命題角度動(dòng)詞名詞形容詞副詞介詞新高考全國卷Ⅰ2024記敘文人物故事5721全國卷Ⅰ2024夾敘夾議個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)693212024記敘文個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)87412024記敘文個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)9731全國卷Ⅱ2024記敘文人物故事124222024記敘文人物故事953212024記敘文個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)93521全國卷Ⅲ2024記敘文個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)836122024記敘文人物故事112522024記敘文人物故事1064[命題規(guī)律]1．短文以記敘文為主，夾敘夾議文為輔。情節(jié)往往不按時(shí)間依次平鋪直敘，有插敘或倒敘，有時(shí)還夾有描述和評(píng)論。2．以考查實(shí)詞為主。動(dòng)詞的考查依舊是首位，然后是名詞、形容詞和副詞，虛詞偶有考查。3．聯(lián)系上下文的設(shè)空約占80%，結(jié)合語篇的設(shè)空約占20%，充分體現(xiàn)了“留意基礎(chǔ)，難易比例適當(dāng)，有利于選拔人才”的高考命題思路。[命題趨勢(shì)]1．預(yù)料2024年高考依舊以記敘文為主，選材上以貼近學(xué)生生活的話題為主，包括社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)、學(xué)校生活、人物故事等，以傳遞正能量、普及社會(huì)常識(shí)為宗旨。2．選項(xiàng)布局以考查實(shí)詞為主，其中動(dòng)詞、名詞居多，其次是形容詞、副詞，對(duì)介詞等虛詞的考查相對(duì)較少。3．從三個(gè)層面考查語境理解的實(shí)力：對(duì)文章整體(文章中心主線和整體結(jié)構(gòu))的把握和理解；對(duì)上下文或句子之間關(guān)系的把握和理解；對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意義的把握和理解。[完形填空解題四步驟]第一步：通讀全文，理解大意重視首句信息，把握文章大意，為解題打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。其次步：依據(jù)語境，初選答案解題過程中，應(yīng)遵循先易后難的原則，先選出那些自己有把握的選項(xiàng)。對(duì)少數(shù)難題，短暫跳過；或許依據(jù)上文信息或后一兩句都難以推斷的題，在下文中就有示意或者明顯的提示；或許一個(gè)在前面不能解答的題，在填出了另一空后會(huì)令你豁然開朗。第三步：研讀選項(xiàng)，解決難題借助已經(jīng)填完的選項(xiàng)，上下求索、瞻前顧后，集中解決遺留的少數(shù)難題。此時(shí)我們要從語篇層次進(jìn)行深化分析。第四步：復(fù)讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案代入選項(xiàng)，重讀文章，最終確定答案。A篇(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk，mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.The1isobvious.Ifwe2itisadoor，they'llwanttogooutside3．Itwilldriveuscrazy.Thekidsapparentlyknowthe4．Butourinsistingit's5awindowhaskeptthemfrom6millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.Ihatelyingtothekids.Onedaythey'll7anddiscoverthateverythingthey'vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa8．Iwonderif9shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe10．Ihaveaverystrong11thattheliewe'retellingisdoing12damagetoourchildren.Windowsanddoorshave13metaphorical(比方)meanings.I'mtellingthemtheycan'topenwhattheyabsolutelyknowisadoor.Whatiflaterin14theycometoametaphoricaldoor，likeanopportunity(機(jī)會(huì))ofsomesort，and15openingthedoorandtakingtheopportunity，theyjust16itandwonder，“Whatifitisn'tadoor？”Thatis，“Whatifitisn'ta17opportunity？”Maybeit'sanunreasonablefear.Butthe18isthatIshouldn'tlietomykids.Ishouldjust19repeatedlyhavingtosay，“No.Wecan'tgooutsidenow.”Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife，betheyrealormetaphorical，theywon't20toopenthemandwalkthrough.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。有時(shí)為了避開麻煩，我們難免會(huì)說謊?？芍e言有時(shí)也會(huì)讓人產(chǎn)生恐驚，引發(fā)人內(nèi)心的擔(dān)心。本文敘述了作者在自己的雙胞胎孩子剛學(xué)步時(shí)，為避開孩子不斷地通過滑動(dòng)玻璃門給其帶來麻煩，刻意編造謊言告知孩子，那是窗戶而不是門，而后又懊悔對(duì)孩子說謊的故事。窗戶和門都有重要的比方意義，作者膽怯 對(duì)孩子說了這樣的謊后，當(dāng)孩子人生中的機(jī)會(huì)出現(xiàn)時(shí)，他們會(huì)產(chǎn)生懷疑從而遲疑不前。1．A．relief B．targetC．reason D．caseC[依據(jù)語境可知，作者說謊的緣由(reason)很明顯。]2．A．a(chǎn)dmit B．believeC．mean D．realizeA[結(jié)合下文“they'llwanttogooutside．Itwilldriveuscrazy”可推知，假如作者他們承認(rèn)(admit)這是門，孩子就會(huì)始終(constantly)想出去，這會(huì)使他們發(fā)瘋的。]3．A．gradually B．constantlyC．temporarily D．casuallyB[參見上題解析。temporarily“短暫地，臨時(shí)地”；casually“隨意地，偶然地”。]4．A．result B．dangerC．method D．truthD[由下文中的“tellthetruth”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示孩子們明顯知道真相(truth)。]5．A．merely B．slightlyC．hardly D．partlyA[依據(jù)語境可知，作者他們堅(jiān)持說這僅僅是(merely)一個(gè)窗戶，這已經(jīng)阻擋了孩子們?cè)S多次試圖(attempt)開門的懇求。]6．A．reviewing B．a(chǎn)pprovingC．receiving D．a(chǎn)ttemptingD[參見上題解析。]7．A．winout B．giveupC．wakeup D．standoutC[依據(jù)空前一句中的“l(fā)yingtothekids”和該句中的“discover”可知，有一天，他們會(huì)醒悟(wakeup)過來，發(fā)覺他們始終知道的關(guān)于窗戶的一切都是謊言(lie)。winout“終獲勝利”；standout“突出，惹眼”。]8．A．dream B．lieC．fantasy D．factB[參見上題解析。fantasy“幻想，想象”。]9．A．parents B．twinsC．colleagues D．teachersA[由下文的“ourchildren”的提示可知，此處表示“我在想，無論結(jié)果(consequences)如何，父母(parents)是否都應(yīng)當(dāng)告知真相”。]10．A．restrictions B．explanationsC．differences D．consequencesD[參見上題解析。restriction“限制規(guī)定，制約因素”。]11．A．demand B．fearC．desire D．doubtB[依據(jù)下文中的“Maybeit'sanunreasonablefear”和語境可知，此處應(yīng)為“我特別恐驚(fear)”。]12．A．physical B．biologicalC．spiritual D．behavioralC[依據(jù)下文表述的“窗戶和門都有重要的比方意義，作者膽怯 對(duì)孩子說了這樣的謊后，當(dāng)孩子人生中的機(jī)會(huì)出現(xiàn)時(shí)，他們會(huì)產(chǎn)生懷疑從而遲疑不前”可知，此處表示作者膽怯 自己所說的謊言正在對(duì)孩子造成精神上的(spiritual)損害。biological“生物的，生物學(xué)的”。]13．A．traditional B．importantC．double D．originalB[依據(jù)語境和常識(shí)可知，窗戶和門都有重要的(important)比方意義。]14．A．life B．timeC．reply D．historyA[依據(jù)常識(shí)可知，此處表示“倘如他們?cè)谝院蟮娜松?life)中，來到一扇就像某種機(jī)會(huì)的比方性的門前，他們會(huì)怎么樣？”。]15．A．bycomparisonwith B．inadditiontoC．regardlessof D．insteadofD[依據(jù)下文中的“theyjustitandwonder，‘Whatifitisn'tadoor？’”可知，他們僅僅是盯著(stareat)這扇門在遲疑而不是(insteadof)打開門，抓住機(jī)會(huì)。bycomparisonwith“與……相比”。]16．A．getholdof B．stareatC．knockon D．makeuseofB[參見上題解析。]17．A．real B．typicalC．similar D．limitedA[依據(jù)上文作者把門比作機(jī)會(huì)可知，“假如這不是一扇門”也就是說“假如這不是一個(gè)真正的(real)機(jī)會(huì)”。]18．A．safetyrule B．comfortzoneC．bottomline D．topsecretC[依據(jù)下文表述的作者應(yīng)當(dāng)接受(accept)重復(fù)告知孩子現(xiàn)在不能出去可知，底線(bottomline)是作者不應(yīng)當(dāng)向孩子說謊。]19．A．delay B．regretC．enjoy D．a(chǎn)cceptD[參見上題解析。]20．A．hurry B．decideC．hesitate D．intendC[依據(jù)語境可知，假如不對(duì)孩子說這樣的謊，那么當(dāng)他們來到人生的其他門前時(shí)，不管它們是真實(shí)的，還是比方性的，他們會(huì)堅(jiān)決果斷地打開門走過去。]B篇(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)ItwasjustaftersunriseonaJunemorning.“Nicolo，”whoserealnamecannotbe21tothepublicbecauseofItaly'sprivacylaws，22workingthewholenightatafactoryinTurin.Asheoftendid，hestoppedbythe“afterworkauction(拍賣)”23bytheItalianpolicewherethings24onthetrainsweresoldtothehighestbidder.There，amongmanyotherthings，Nicolospottedtwopaintingshethoughtwouldlook25abovehisdiningroomtable.Nicoloandanotherbidder26untilNicolofinallywonthepaintingsfor$32.WhenNicoloretiredandwenttoliveinSicily，he27thepaintingswithhim.Hehungthemabovethesametablehehad28fromTurin.Hisson，age15，whohad29anartappreciationclass，thoughtthattherewassomething30abouttheonewithayounggirlsittingonagardenchair.Itwassigned(簽名)“Bonnato”orsohethought，butwhenhe31it，heonlyfound“Bonnard，”aFrench32hehadneverheardof.Heboughtabookandwas33tofindapictureoftheartistPierreBonnardsittingonthesamechairinthesame34ashisfather'spainting.“That'sthegardeninourpicture，”Nicolo'ssontoldhisfather.They35learnedthatthepaintingthey36wascalled“TheGirlwithTwoChairs.”They37theotherpaintingandlearnedthatitwas38PaulGauguin's“StillLifeofFruitonaTablewithaSmallDog.”The39calledtheItalianCultureMinistry；theofficialconfirmedthatthePaintingswere40andworthasmuchas$50million.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。工人“Nicolo”無意中在意大利警察所經(jīng)營的拍賣會(huì)上得到了兩幅畫，最終經(jīng)過鑒定兩幅畫都是大師的原作，價(jià)值不菲。21．A．a(chǎn)ttached B．a(chǎn)llocatedC．exposed D．submittedC[依據(jù)下文的“becauseofItaly'sprivacylaws”可知主子公的真名是隱私的、不行透露的。attach“系”；allocate“安排”；expose“揭露，暴露”；submit“提交”。]22．A．finished B．delayedC．considered D．triedA[依據(jù)下文的“afterworkauction(拍賣)”可知他是工作結(jié)束后去的拍賣會(huì)。]23．A．a(chǎn)ttended B．reservedC．cancelled D．runD[依據(jù)語境，應(yīng)當(dāng)是意大利警察所經(jīng)營的一個(gè)拍賣會(huì)。attend“出席，上(學(xué))”；reserve“預(yù)訂”；cancel“取消”；run“經(jīng)營，管理”。]24．A．shown B．foundC．kept D．hiddenB[依據(jù)“bytheItalianpolice”可推斷，拍賣的東西應(yīng)是在火車上找到的。]25．A．nice B．familiarC．useful D．realA[依據(jù)語境及常識(shí)可知，畫掛在餐桌上方起美觀的作用。]26．A．battled B．debatedC．discussed D．bargainedA[依據(jù)下文的“Nicolofinallywonthepaintings”可知Nicolo和另外一個(gè)競標(biāo)者是在競爭。battle“競爭”；debate“辯論”；bargain“討價(jià)還價(jià)”。]27．A．held B．leftC．registered D．broughtD[依據(jù)“WhenNicoloretiredandwenttoliveinSicily”以及下文的“HehungthemabovethesametablehehadfromTurin”可推想，Nicolo把兩幅畫和那張餐桌都從Turin帶到了Sicily。]28．A．chosen B．receivedC．ordered D．movedD[參見上題解析。]29．A．missed B．failedC．taken D．ledC[他的兒子上過藝術(shù)鑒賞課。take“學(xué)習(xí)，修(課程)”。]30．A．concrete B．unusualC．unappealing D．naturalB[依據(jù)“Hisson，age15，whohadanartappreciationclass”可知他的兒子上過藝術(shù)鑒賞課，覺得這幅畫不同尋常。]31．A．a(chǎn)ppreciated B．touchedC．researched D．witnessedC[依據(jù)上文的“Itwassigned(簽名)‘Bonnato’orsohethought”可知Nicolo的兒子應(yīng)當(dāng)是去查了這個(gè)簽名，但是查到的只有“Bonnard”，一個(gè)他從未聽說過的法國畫家。appreciate“觀賞，感謝”；touch“觸摸，接觸”；research“調(diào)查”；witness“見證，目擊”。]32．A．painter B．designerC．a(chǎn)uthor D．a(chǎn)ctorA[參見上題解析。]33．A．expected B．surprisedC．a(chǎn)nxious D．readyB[依據(jù)“HeboughtabookandwastofindapictureoftheartistPierreBonnardsittingonthesamechairinthesameashisfather'spainting”及“That'sthegardeninourpicture”可推想Nicolo的兒子買的一本書中PierreBonnard的圖片中的椅子和花園跟Nicolo得到的畫中的一模一樣，這應(yīng)當(dāng)是讓人驚異的。]34．A．room B．kitchenC．hall D．gardenD[參見上題解析。]35．A．a(chǎn)pparently B．confidentlyC．eventually D．temporarilyC[依據(jù)語境可知，Nicolo父子最終(eventually)知道了畫的名字。apparently“明顯的”；temporarily“短暫的”。]36．A．owned B．borrowedC．sold D．stoleA[依據(jù)語境可知，應(yīng)當(dāng)是他們擁有的畫。]37．A．collected B．cleanedC．framed D．studiedD[依據(jù)語境可知，他們調(diào)查了第一幅畫和它的作者之后，又去探討另外一幅畫。frame“給(圖畫或照片)配框”。]38．A．suitably B．a(chǎn)ctuallyC．rightly D．specificallyB[依據(jù)語境可知，他們探討了另外一幅畫，得知這幅畫事實(shí)上是PaulGauguin的作品。]39．A．girl B．a(chǎn)rtistC．family D．policeC[依據(jù)下文信息可知，應(yīng)當(dāng)是父子倆打電話去意大利文化部求證畫的真?zhèn)巍Ｖ挥衒amily可以指代文中出現(xiàn)的父子倆。]40．A．copies B．originalsC．models D．presentsB[依據(jù)“theofficialconfirmed”可知官方證明這兩幅畫都是真跡。]C篇(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecond41．Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof42therefromaveryyoungage.Whenhewas16，Molaibegantonoticesomething43happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe44itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.45，thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He46thatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe47．Thesolution，ofcourse，wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek48duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe49departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.However，Molaiwentlookingonhisownand50anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.51youngplantsinthedryseasonwas52foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe53ofeachsapling(幼樹)abambooplatform，whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto54rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.Molai55toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshaveresultedin1，360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。講解并描述Molai在16歲時(shí)發(fā)覺由于洪水的破壞，他的家鄉(xiāng)鳥和蛇的數(shù)量削減，于是他起先尋求解決方法。發(fā)覺種樹可以解決問題后，他堅(jiān)持種樹多年，為動(dòng)植物建立了一個(gè)家園。41．A．dream B．jobC．home D．choiceC[文章首句提到Molai在一個(gè)小村莊長大，結(jié)合語境可知，此處表示一些濕地變成了他的其次個(gè)家(home)。]42．A．nature B．youthC．culture D．knowledgeA[依據(jù)上文提到的濕地和下文講解并描述的Molai為愛護(hù)動(dòng)物而種樹可知，這里指的是在很小的年紀(jì)，他就知道了自然(nature)的重要性和漂亮。]43．A．precious B．interestingC．disturbing D．a(chǎn)wkwardC[依據(jù)下文表述，洪水發(fā)生了，鳥和蛇的數(shù)量都削減了可知，這里指的是他家四周發(fā)生了一些令人擔(dān)心的(disturbing)事情。]44．A．waste B．tensionC．pain D．damageD[依據(jù)語境和空后的“itcaused”可知，這里指的是洪水帶來的破壞(damage)。]45．A．Besides B．HoweverC．Therefore D．OtherwiseA[空前提到鳥的數(shù)量削減了，空后提到蛇的數(shù)量也削減了，故此處用Besides(此外)。]46．A．a(chǎn)greed B．realizedC．remembered D．predictedB[依據(jù)語境可知，這里指的是他意識(shí)到(realize)這是因?yàn)闆]有足夠的樹。]47．A．noise B．heatC．disease D．dustB[依據(jù)下句中的“duringthedaytime”并結(jié)合常識(shí)可知，這里指的是沒有足夠的樹去愛護(hù)這些動(dòng)物免受熱(heat)的損害。]48．A．directions B．partnersC．help D．shelterD[依據(jù)空前的“planttrees”及語境可知，解決方法是種樹，以便于這些動(dòng)物在白天可以尋求到庇護(hù)(shelter)。]49．A．labor B．policeC．forest D．financeC[依據(jù)上文提到的解決方法是種樹以及下文中的“forhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere”可知，他向林業(yè)部門求助。forest“林區(qū)，森林”符合語境。]50．A．rebuilt B．discoveredC．left D．managedB[依據(jù)空前的“Molaiwentlookingonhisown”以及空后的“anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees”可知，此處表示他發(fā)覺了(discover)一個(gè)旁邊的島嶼。]51．A．Decorating B．ObservingC．Watering D．GuardingC[依據(jù)下文中的“Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow”及語境可知，這里指的是在旱季給小樹澆水，故用Watering。]52．A．tough B．illegalC．fantastic D．beneficialA[依據(jù)空后的“foraloneboy”可知，對(duì)這個(gè)男孩來說，獨(dú)自一個(gè)人在旱季給小樹澆水是艱難的(tough)。]53．A．back B．topC．foot D．sideB[依據(jù)下文中的“Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow”可知，他是在每棵幼樹的頂部(top)搭建竹臺(tái)。]54．A．cooldown B．keepoffC．purify D．collectD[依據(jù)空前的“whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholes”和空后的“rainwater”以及“Thewater”可知，這里指用陶罐收集(collect)雨水。]55．A．returned B．learnedC．failed D．continuedD[依據(jù)空后的“toplanttreesforthenext37years”以及下文可知，他是在接下來的37年中接著(continue)種樹。]D篇(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid-March—56sixmonthsoutoftheyear.“Ofcourse,we57itwhenthesunisshining，”saysKarinRo,whoworksforthetown'stourismoffice.“Weseetheskyis58，butdowninthevalleyit'sdarker—it'slikeona59day.”Butthat60whenasystemofhigh-tech61wasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks(山峰)intothevalleybelow.Wednesday,residents(居民)ofRjukan62theirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine:Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainsidewereputto63.Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthat64themtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthe65andtocloseduringwindyweather.Theyreflectaconcentratedbeam(束)oflightontothetown'scentral66，creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.Whenthelight67，Rjukanresidentsgatheredtogether.“Peoplehavebeen68thereandstandingthereandtaking69ofeachother，”Rosays.“Thetownsquarewastotally70．Ithinkalmostallthepeopleinthetownwerethere.”The3，500residentscannotall71thesunshineatthesametime.72，thenewlightfeelslikemorethanenoughforthetown's73residents.“It'snotvery74，”shesays,“butitisenoughwhenweare75．”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了挪威小城尤坎一年中接近半年無法得到陽光直射，這種狀況通過運(yùn)用高科技設(shè)備得以改善。該語篇旨在激發(fā)思索，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注自然生態(tài)，探究人與自然的和諧相處之道。56．A．only B．obviouslyC．nearly D．preciselyC[上文語境題。依據(jù)空前所述(從九月底到三月中旬)可知，此處指接近(nearly)六個(gè)月的時(shí)間。only只有；obviously明顯地；precisely精確地。]57．A．fear B．believeC．hear D．noticeD[上下文語境題。由上文可知挪威小城尤坎接近六個(gè)月的時(shí)間沒有陽光直射，再依據(jù)下文引號(hào)里的話可知，當(dāng)?shù)厝嗽陉柟庹丈涞臅r(shí)候留意(notice)到天空是藍(lán)色的，但山谷里較暗。fear膽怯 ；believe信任；hear聽說。]58．A．empty B．blueC．high D．wideB[上文語境題。明顯，該引號(hào)中的話為當(dāng)?shù)厝肆粢獾降臓顩r——我們看到天空是藍(lán)色的(blue)，但山谷里較暗。empty空的；high高的；wide寬的。]59．A．cloudy B．normalC．different D．warmA[上文語境題。山谷里較暗，就像陰天(acloudyday)一樣。normal正常的；different不同的；warm暖和的。]60．A．helped B．changedC．happened D．matteredB[上下文語境題。但是當(dāng)一套高科技的鏡子系統(tǒng)被引進(jìn)之后，這種狀況變更(change)了。help幫助；happen發(fā)生；matter重要。]61．A．computers B．telescopesC．mirrors D．camerasC[下文語境題。由下文中的“Themirrorsarecontrolled...”可知該空填mirror(鏡子)。computer電腦；telescope望遠(yuǎn)鏡；camera照相機(jī)。]62．A．remembered B．forecastedC．received D．imaginedC[上下文語境題。由上下文可知，在引進(jìn)高科技的鏡子系統(tǒng)后，尤坎居民收到(receive)了冬日陽光的第一束光。remember記??；forecast預(yù)報(bào)；imagine想象。]63．A．repair B．riskC．rest D．useD[上文語境題。由該句前的冒號(hào)可知，此句介紹尤坎居民是如何得到光源的——旁邊山坡上的一排反射板投入運(yùn)用。puttouse“投入運(yùn)用”，符合語境。repair修理；risk冒險(xiǎn)；rest休息。]64．A．forbids B．directsC．predicts D．followsB[上下文語境題。這些鏡子是由電腦限制的，電腦可以讓它們?cè)诎滋祀S著太陽轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，在有風(fēng)的天氣里關(guān)閉。direct“管理，指揮”，符合語境。forbid禁止；predict預(yù)料；follow跟隨。]65．A．day B．nightC．month D．yearA[上下文語境題。因?yàn)槭且瓷涔庠?，確定是在白天時(shí)間。throughouttheday“整個(gè)白天”，符合語境。]66．A．library B．hallC．square D．streetC[下文語境題。由下一段中的“Thetownsquarewastotally...”可知，此空填square。library圖書館；hall大廳；street街道。]67．A．a(chǎn)ppeared B．returnedC．faded D．stoppedA[上文語境題。當(dāng)光出現(xiàn)(appear)的時(shí)候，尤坎居民就聚集到一起。return返回；fade消逝；stop停止。]68．A．driving B．hidingC．camping D．sittingD[下文語境題。與空后的standing對(duì)應(yīng)的是sitting，指人們或坐或站，故選D項(xiàng)。drive駕駛；hide躲藏；camp露營。]69．A．pictures B．notesC．care D．holdA[上下文語境題。人們或坐或站，相互拍照。takepicturesof“給……拍照”，符合語境。takenotesof記筆記；takecareof照看；takeholdof握住。]70．A．new B．fullC．flat D．silentB[下文語境題。由空后的“我覺得幾乎鎮(zhèn)上全部人都在那里了”可知城鎮(zhèn)廣場(chǎng)完全滿了(full)。new新的；flat平淡的，單調(diào)的；silent緘默的。]71．A．block B．a(chǎn)voidC．enjoy D．storeC[上下文語境題。3，500個(gè)居民不能同時(shí)享受(enjoy)陽光。block攔住，堵??；avoid避開；store儲(chǔ)存。]72．A．Instead B．HoweverC．Gradually D．SimilarlyB[語義邏輯題。空前提到居民不能同時(shí)享受陽光，空后說，新光線對(duì)小鎮(zhèn)居民而言感覺綽綽有余，由此可知，前后語義為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填however(然而)。instead反而，相反；gradually漸漸地；similarly相像地。]73．A．nature-loving B．energy-savingC．weather-beaten D．sun-starvedD[上文語境題。尤坎小鎮(zhèn)原本每年有接近六個(gè)月的時(shí)間不見陽光，所以說他們是渴望陽光的(sun-starved)居民。nature-loving酷愛自然的；energy-saving節(jié)約能源的；weather-beaten飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的。]74．A．big B．clearC．cold D．easyA[上下文語境題。由上文Ro的敘述以及morethanenough等字眼可知，對(duì)于渴望陽光的尤坎居民而言，新光線讓他們心滿足足。故此處語境為“它不是很大(big)，但當(dāng)我們共享(share)的時(shí)候就足夠了”。]75．A．trying B．waitingC．watching D．sharingD[上文語境題。當(dāng)我們共享(share)的時(shí)候就足夠了。try嘗試；wait等待；watch觀看。]題型一句內(nèi)層次題句內(nèi)層次題是指通過閱讀空格所處的那一句話即可找出答案的題目。(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek28duringthedaytime.28．A．directions B．partnersC．help D．shelter[思維路徑]解決方式就是種樹，以便動(dòng)物們能在白天找到“遮擋處，遮擋物”，故28題選D。(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand30anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.30．A．rebuilt B．discoveredC．left D．managed[思維路徑]Molai起先自己去找尋，發(fā)覺了一個(gè)旁邊的小島，并且起先在那里種樹，故30題選B。(2024·天津卷)Thenhehungacolorfulsignoneachofthebenchesthat27：“HAPPYTOCHAT”.27．A．read B．claimedC．meant D．implied[思維路徑]依據(jù)空格后的“HAPPYTOCHAT”可知，這是彩色標(biāo)牌上寫的內(nèi)容，英語中表示“……上寫的是……”用read，故27空選A。(2024·天津卷)Justafewdaysafterthesignswentup,hefoundpeoplesittingthereandengaginginactiveand28conversations.28．A．formal B．joyfulC．a(chǎn)wkward D．crazy[思維路徑]空格前的and連接兩個(gè)表達(dá)相同感情色調(diào)的詞，均用來修飾conversation，由active可知，人們進(jìn)行著主動(dòng)開心的談話，故28題選B。(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Theglaciers(冰川)aredisappearing,changingthe43ofKilimanjaro.43．A．position B．a(chǎn)geC．face D．name[思維路徑]依據(jù)本句中的Theglaciersaredisappearing可知，冰川的消逝正在變更乞力馬扎羅山的面貌，故43題選C。(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)ThebestofaKilimanjaro50，inmyopinion,isn'treachingthetop.50．A．a(chǎn)tmosphere B．experienceC．experiment D．sight[思維路徑]依據(jù)本句中的reachingthetop可知，作者認(rèn)為乞力馬扎羅山最好的爬山體驗(yàn)并不是登頂，故50題選B。(2024·天津卷)She25.calculatedthatgoingtoastranger'shousewasa26move,butshedecidedtotakethechance.26．A．selfless B．riskyC．slow D．personal[思維路徑]依據(jù)本句中takethechance“冒險(xiǎn)”可知，她認(rèn)為到生疏人的家里去會(huì)有些冒險(xiǎn)(risky)，但她確定去冒險(xiǎn)，故26題選B。(2024·浙江卷)Berlinhasbeenthe48whilethemostdifficultwastheCzechtownofPilsen.48．A．easiest B．nearestC．biggest D．richest[思維路徑]依據(jù)本句中的whilethemostdifficultwastheCzechtownofPilsen可知，空格處應(yīng)與themostdifficult相對(duì)應(yīng)，故48題選A。(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy60asajournalist.60．A．role B．desireC．concern D．behavior[思維路徑]依據(jù)本句中的“asajournalist”可知，今日這些話對(duì)于“我”作為記者的角色(role)，仍舊是真實(shí)有用的，故60題選A。(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)ItookoffmyT-shirtand49intothewater.49．A．stared B．sankC．dived D．fell[思維路徑]依據(jù)tookoffmyT-shirt可知，此處表示作者脫掉T恤衫跳進(jìn)(dive)水里，故49題選C。題型二句組層次題句組層次題是指通過閱讀空格所處的那一句話不能找出正確答案，須要結(jié)合空格所在句前后的句子或該段落才可找出答案的題目。(2024·天津卷)Hehasrecentlymadeasignificant16.discovery—lonelinessisaserioussocialproblemthatcancontributetodepressionandevencrimes,butitcanbe17.preventedinacleverway.The18？Chatbenches.18．A．solution B．puzzleC．excuse D．intention[思維路徑]空格后提到的閑聊長椅也就是前文提到的acleverway，是孤獨(dú)問題的解決方法，故18題選A。(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Everyyearabout40，000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They41withthemlotsofwaste.The42mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.41．A．keep B．mixC．connect D．bring42．A．stories B．buildingsC．crowds D．reporters[思維路徑]依據(jù)第一句的內(nèi)容可知，每年大約有4萬人試圖攀登乞力馬扎羅山，他們攀登的時(shí)候帶來(bring)了許多垃圾，故41題選D。從about40，000people可知這些人群(crowds)可能會(huì)破壞這個(gè)地方的美，故42題選C。(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Duringthelongtriphome,followingaweekendofhunting,Ehlers41.thoughtaboutthesmalldoghehadseen42alongsidetheroad.Hehad43.triedtocoax(哄)thedogtohimbut,frightened,ithad44.runoff．42．A．fighting B．tremblingC．eating D．sleeping[思維路徑]依據(jù)與下句frightened的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系可知，此處表示那條狗正在路邊顫抖(tremble)，故42題選B。(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Ehlerseventuallysucceededincoaxingtheanimaltohim.Nervousnessandfearwerereplacedwith49.Itjuststartedlicking(舔)Ehlers'face.49．A．surprise B．joyC．hesitation D．a(chǎn)nxiety[思維路徑]依據(jù)空格前面的Nervousnessandfearwerereplaced(驚慌擔(dān)心和恐驚被取代了)以及后面句子中的ItjuststartedlickingEhlers'face.(它就起先舔Ehlers的臉)可知，它的擔(dān)心和恐驚被歡樂(joy)取代，故49題選B。(2024·天津卷)Howmuchtimeandmoneywoulditcosttoreplacethe18ofthatlittlewallet?Thecreditcards,thedriver'slicense,thecash,alllosttothebus.18．A．parts B．contentsC．details D．ingredients[思維路徑]空格后面的句子提到了Thecreditcards,thedriver'slicense,thecash，這些都是錢包里裝的東西，空格所在的句子應(yīng)表示“要把那個(gè)小錢包里的東西(content)都更換須要花多少時(shí)間和金錢？”故18題選B。(2024·天津卷)Twohourslater,backatmyhouse,Iheardaknockonthedoor.Myhusband19itwhileIwasonthephoneinthediningroom.“DoesJenniferlivehere？”Iheardaladysay.19．A．ignored B．a(chǎn)nsweredC．examined D．interrupted[思維路徑]空格前面的句子說作者聽到了敲門聲，而空格后面的句子是一位女士的聲音，空格處應(yīng)是作者的丈夫去開門，故19題選B。題型三語篇層次題語篇層次題是指無法在句內(nèi)或句組確定答案，須要結(jié)合整個(gè)語篇才能找到正確答案的題目。(2024·江蘇卷)Beinggoodatsomethingandhavingapassionforitarenotenough.Success36.dependsfundamentallyonourviewofourselvesandofthe37.eventsinourlivesWilsonreceivedseveralinternational53.awardsforhisgreatcontributions.Helosthissightbutfounda54.vision.Heprovedthatit'snotwhathappenstousthat55ourlives—it'swhatwemakeofwhathappens.55．A．distinguishes B．determinesC．claims D．limits[思維路徑]文章首段中“Success36.dependsfundamentallyonourviewofourselvesandofthe37.eventsinourlives.”告知我們“勝利從根本上取決于我們對(duì)自己和對(duì)生活中所發(fā)生事情的看法”；而文章結(jié)尾處的“Heprovedthatit'snotwhathappenstousthat55ourlives—it'swhatwemakeofwhathappens.”與開頭形成了呼應(yīng)，應(yīng)表示“不是發(fā)生在我們身上的事情確定了我們的生活——是我們?nèi)绾慰创l(fā)生的事情”，故55題選B。(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Everyyearabout40，000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They41.bringwiththemlotsofwaste.The42.crowdsmightdamagethebeautyoftheplaceThebestofaKilimanjaro50.experience,inmyopinion,isn'treachingthetop.Mountainsare51.regardedasspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This52.viewisespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas53gothroughfiveecosystems(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))inthespaceofafewkilometers.53．A．scientists B．climbersC．locals D．officials[思維路徑]依據(jù)前面段中的Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro可知，爬山的人(climber)可以經(jīng)驗(yàn)五種生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，故53題選B。(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)OnMarch19,Dennisgotagrouptext44.informinghimthatacouplehedidn'tknowwereatthehospital,waitingforthe45ofababy.“Congratulations!ButIthinksomeonewasmistaken，”Dennis46.responded．Thebabywasbornandupdatetextswere47inginquicklyfromtheoverjoyedgrandmother,Teresa.Inher48.excitement,shedidn'tseemtorealizethatshewas49.sharingthebaby'sphotoswithacompletestranger.“Well,Idon't50.knowyouallbutIwillgettheretotakepictureswiththebaby，”repliedDennisbeforeaskingwhichroomthenew51werein.45．A．wake-up B．recoveryC．growth D．a(chǎn)rrival51．A．parents B．doctorsC．patients D．visitors[思維路徑]依據(jù)下一段的Thebabywasborn可知，45題表示他們正在等待著一個(gè)嬰兒的到來(arrival)，故選D；由上一段的acouplehedidn'tknowwereatthehospital,waitingforthe45ofababy可知，51題應(yīng)指那對(duì)初為人父母(parents)的夫婦，故選A。(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)Asabusinesswoman，Icaredeeplyaboutmycustomers.Butlikeanyoneforwhomyoufeelaffection，41canalsodriveyoumad.They'llcomerushingin，42theirhandbag'sbeenstolen.They'll43thattheyleftitinthechangingroom，createhavoc(混亂)andthen44ithadbeenintheircarallthetime.They'llhaveouthalfthe45intheshop，andwanttheonlystyleyoudon'thaveleftina46colour.Idoknowhowupsettheshopstaffcanget，butItrytopersuadethemtokeep47．Irememberthefirstreally48customerwehadatCoventGarden.Shewas49absolutelyeverything，nothingwasrightandIwasrather50thatshebecamea“regular”．Afterawhile，she51forthewayshebehavedatthebeginning.Shehadsplitupwithherhusbandtheweekbefore，waslivinginaflat52，andsinceshe'dfoundittoomuchtocopewith(應(yīng)對(duì))，she'dtakenitouton53people.Thattaughtmeavaluable54andIpassitontothepeoplewho55inthemarket.Don'ttakeit56．Ifacustomerisrudeordifficult，justthink“Maybeshe'shadarowwithherhusband.Maybeherchild'snot57．”Alwayswateritdownanddon'tletyourego(自我)get58．Ifyoudo，youwon'tbeableto59itandthewholethingdevelopsintoanunpleasantsceneandthat60everyone'sday.41．A．shopkeepers B．customersC．salespersons D．receptionistsB句組層次題。依據(jù)前一句中的“customers”可知答案。42．A．saying B．pretendingC．guessing D．replyingA句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)空格后的“theirhandbag'sbeenstolen”可知此處是指說的內(nèi)容應(yīng)用say。43．A．a(chǎn)gree B．promiseC．imagine D．swearD句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)語境可知，他們會(huì)發(fā)誓他們把它留在更衣室了。44．A．forget B．decideC．discover D．a(chǎn)ssumeC句組層次題。上一句說顧客說他們的手提包被盜，此處表示“然后卻發(fā)覺它始終在車上”。45．A．foods B．cataloguesC．belongings D．goodsD句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)空后的shop和語境可知，此處應(yīng)填goods。46．A．particular B．differentC．matching D．naturalA句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)空格前面的wanttheonlystyleyoudon'thaveleft和后面的color可知，顧客們只想要店里賣完的某一特定顏色的款式。47．A．fighting B．smilingC．waiting D．changingB句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)連詞but可知，此處填入的詞與前一分句中的upset相反，故選B。48．A．generous B．politeC．careless D．difficultD句組層次題。依據(jù)下句中的描述可知這個(gè)顧客很難纏。49．A．curiousabout B．displeasedwithC．patientwith D．uncertainaboutB句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)下文中的“nothingwasright”可知，她對(duì)一切都不滿足。50．A．relaxed B．delightedC．surprised D．embarrassedC句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)上文可知顧客對(duì)一切都不滿足，但后來卻成了?？?，所以我對(duì)此很驚異。51．A．searched B．a(chǎn)rguedC．prayed D．a(chǎn)pologizedD句組層次題。依據(jù)下句的內(nèi)容可知，此處應(yīng)是她因剛起先的行為而向我致歉。52．A．bychance B．byherselfC．onpurpose D．ondutyB句內(nèi)層次題。由于和丈夫分開了，所以她獨(dú)自一人住在公寓。53．A．rude B．suchC．other D．lonelyC句內(nèi)層次題。因?yàn)樗l(fā)覺要應(yīng)對(duì)許多問題，便將心情發(fā)泄給他人。54．A．lesson B．trickC．skill D．tradeA語篇層次題。依據(jù)前文的敘述結(jié)合后文作者的感悟，可知這件事給作者上了珍貴的一課。55．A．work B．shopC．meet D．quarrelA句內(nèi)層次題。依據(jù)后面的inthemarket可知我把這一閱歷傳給在市場(chǎng)工作的人們。56．A．kindly B．secretlyC．personally D．casuallyC句組層次題。依據(jù)其后的描述可知，假如顧客的行為簡潔粗暴也不要在意。takesth.personally意為“認(rèn)為某人的言行針對(duì)自己而不快”。57．A．ready B．a(chǎn)wayC．up D．wellD句組層次題。本句與前一句構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，是使顧客不好相處的一個(gè)緣由，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知此處是說“可能她的孩子不舒適”。58．A．outofsight B．inthewayC．behindthescene D．a(chǎn)bovethelawB句內(nèi)層次題。本句and前表示要淡化，and后應(yīng)指不要讓自我阻礙你。intheway意為“阻礙，擋道”。59．A．stress B．expectC．handle D．blameC句內(nèi)層次題。假如這樣，你就會(huì)難以應(yīng)對(duì)，整件事就會(huì)發(fā)展為令人不開心的情形。60．A．ruins B．makesC．starts D．savesA句內(nèi)層次題。這種不開心的情形會(huì)毀了每個(gè)人的一天。技法一利用上下文示意解題[解題技法分述]在多數(shù)空格前后的上下文中，會(huì)出現(xiàn)或多或少的設(shè)空依據(jù)，就是所謂的“伏筆”或“示意”。學(xué)生在閱讀過程中會(huì)依據(jù)這些伏筆或示意，或順勢(shì)對(duì)下文進(jìn)行推想，或逆向?qū)ι衔倪M(jìn)行推導(dǎo)，心中往往能預(yù)判出答案，并且在閱讀過程中對(duì)預(yù)想答案不斷進(jìn)行修正。[經(jīng)典案例分析](2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecond21.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof22therefromaveryyoungage.21．A．dream B．jobC．home D．choice22．A．nature B．youthC．culture D．knowledge[思維路徑]依據(jù)21空前一句可知，Molai在印度的一個(gè)小村莊長大，那里應(yīng)當(dāng)是他的第一個(gè)家，那么村莊旁邊的濕地就是他的其次個(gè)家，故21空選C。濕地是自然的一部分，他在濕地了解到的應(yīng)是自然，故22空選A。(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Alocalfarmertoldthemthedogsoundedlikeone50aslostinthelocalpaper.Theadhada51numberforatowninsouthernMichigan.Ehlers52thenumberofJeffandLisatotellthemhehad53theirdog.Jeffhad54inIowabeforeThanksgivingwithhisdog，Rosie，butthegunshotshadscaredthedogoff.Jeffsearched55.invainforRosieinthenextfourdays.50．A．predicted B．a(chǎn)dvertisedC．believed D．recorded51．A．house B．phoneC．street D．car52．A．called B．copiedC．counted D．remembered53．A．fed B．a(chǎn)doptedC．found D．cured54．A．hunted B．skiedC．lived D．worked[思維路徑]可以通過下文的關(guān)鍵詞thelocalpaper和thead的示意來選定50至53題。狗的主子應(yīng)是在當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙登了廣告(advertise)，故50題選B。尋狗啟事上應(yīng)留有電話(phone)號(hào)碼，故51題選B。Ehlers給狗的主子打電話(call)說已經(jīng)找到(find)了他們的狗，故52題選A；53題選C。后一段中，下文的thegunshots給出了示意，據(jù)此判定他們?cè)诖颢C(hunt)，故54題選A。(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege，Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga“free”course，calledThinkingChess，forthreecredits.I41.jumpedattheideaoftakingtheclassbecause，afterall，whodoesn'twantto42afewdollars？Morethanthat，I'dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And，evenifIweren't43enoughaboutfreecredits，newsaboutour44.instructorwasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster，which45.meantIwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame's46．Icouldhardlywaitto47.meethim.42．A．waste B．earnC．save D．pay43．A．excited B．worriedC．moved D．tire