2024-2025學(xué)年高三英語(yǔ)第一學(xué)期期末復(fù)習(xí)模擬卷（含解析）

2024-2025學(xué)年高三英語(yǔ)第一學(xué)期期末復(fù)習(xí)模擬卷本試卷滿分120分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALivingonEarth:Forests,Corals,Consciousness,andtheMakingoftheWorldPeterGodfrey-Smith★★★☆3.7359ratings·20reviewsThebestsellingauthorofOtherMindsshowshowweandourancestorshavereinventedourplanet.IfthehistoryoftheEarthwerecompressed(壓縮)downtoayear,ourspecieswouldariseinthelastthirtyminutesorsoofthefinalhour.ButlifeitselfhasexistedonEarthforsomethinglike3.7billionyears.Whathavetheseorganisms—bacteria,animals,plantsandtherest—doneinallthistime?InLivingonEarth,ProfessorPeterGodfrey-Smithtellsthelongstoryoflivingaction,anditsimpact.Rangingfromtheseastotheforests,andfromanimatematter’sfirstappearancetoitsfutureextinction,heoffersanovelpictureofthecourseoflifeonEarthandhowwemightmeetthechallengesofourtime.Ratings&ReviewsTroyTradup4books34followers★★☆☆☆Feelsliketwoverydifferentbooksawkwardlycombined.Ilikedthefirstpartasmuchastheauthor’spreviousOtherMindsandMetazoa;feltthesecondpartwasamess.2stars.UlaTardigrade270reviews26followers★★★★☆Thebookisveryinformative,eveneye-openingattimes.However,forsomereasontheauthor’sstyleisnottomyliking.Elentarri1,823reviews51followers★★☆☆☆A(yù)ttheendofthisbook,I’vecometotheconclusionthatthebookwasnotmeantforme.Thisbookdoesnotprovideanythingnovelororiginal.Mbuy622reviews2followers★★★☆☆I(lǐng)nterestingandwellwritten,butitcoveredtoomanysubjectstobefullyinformativeonanyone.Asamatterofgeneralreading,itraisedagreatmanyideasandquestionedothers,whichwasveryuseful.1．WhatcategorydoesLivingonEarthfallinto?A．BiographyandLife. B．ScienceandNature.C．HistoricalFiction. D．HumorandComedy.2．WhothoughtLivingonEarthlackedfreshperspectives?A．TroyTradup. B．UlaTardigrade. C．Elentarri. D．Mbuy.3．Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Toratethehistoricalaccuracyofabook.B．Toshowcasethesellingpointsofabook.C．Tocompareabookwithsimilarliteraryworks.D．Topresentabooksummaryandreaderfeedback.BIhadtosaysomethingafterreadingTheAnxiousGeneration.Itisgoingtosellwell,becauseJonathanHaidtistellingascarystoryaboutchildren’sdevelopmentmanyparentsareledtobelieve.However,thebook’srepeatedsuggestionthatdigitaltechnologiesarerewiringourchildren’sbrainsandcausingtheepidemic(流行病)ofmentalillnessisunsupportedbyscience.Worse,therudeproposalthatsocialmediaistoblamemightdistract(分心)usfromeffectivelyrespondingtotherealcausesofthecurrentmental-healthcrisisinyoungpeople.ResearchershavesearchedfortheeffectssuggestedbyHaidt.Oureffortshaveproducedamixofno,smallandmixedassociations.Mostdataarecorrelative.Whenassociationsovertimearefound,theysuggestnotthatsocial-mediausepredictsorcausesdepression,butthatyoungpeoplewhoalreadyhavemental-healthproblemsusesuchplatformsmoreoftenorindifferentwaysfromtheirhealthypeers.Wearenotalonehere.Severalanalysesandsystematicreviewscentralizeonthesamemessage.Ananalysisdonein72countriesshowsnoconsistentormeasurableassociationsbetweenwell-beingandsocialmediaglobally.Moreover,studiesfromsomeauthoritiesfindsnoevidenceofintensechangesassociatedwithdigital-technologyuse.Asapsychologiststudyingchildren’sandadolescents’

mentalhealth,Iappreciateparents’frustration(沮喪)anddesireforsimpleanswers.Asaparentofadolescents,Iwouldalsoliketoidentifyasimplesourceforthepainthisgenerationisreporting.Thereare,however,nosimpleanswers.Thebeginninganddevelopmentofmentaldisordersaredrivenbyacomplexsetofgeneticandenvironmentalfactors.Moreyoungpeoplearetalkingopenlyabouttheirmental-healthstrugglesthaneverbefore.Butinsufficientservicesareavailabletoaddresstheirneeds.IntheUnitedStates,thereis,onaverage,oneschoolpsychologistforevery1,119students.Wehaveagenerationincrisisandindesperateneedofthebestofwhatscienceandevidence-basedsolutionscanoffer.Unfortunately,ourtimeisbeingspenttellingstoriesthatareunsupportedbyresearchandthatdolittletosupportyoungpeoplewhoneed,anddeserve,more.4．WhatispresentedinTheAnxiousGeneration?A．Scarystoriesaffectchildren’sbrains.B．Parentsareresponsibleforchildren’shealth.C．Teen’smentalillnessresultsfromscreentime.D．Theepidemicofmentalillnessisunavoidable.5．Whatdoes“thesamemessage”underlinedinparagraph3referto?A．Manycountriesdoresearchinmentalhealth.B．Well-beingandsocialmediaarecloselyrelated.C．Theyoungaretrappedinthemental-healthcrisis,D．Socialmediadon’tnecessarilycausementalillness.6．Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?A．Effectiveactionsneedtobetaken. B．Positivestoriesshouldbeshared.C．Financialsupportneedstobeprovided. D．Broaderresearchshouldbedone.7．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Tosuggestwaystohelpthoseinneed.B．Toencourageparentstobravethecrisis.C．Torecommendanewly-publishedbook.D．Togiveavoicetochildren’smentalissues.CTheideaofclimbingMt.Qomolangmadisgustedme.ThemountaincametorepresenttheoppositeofeverythingthatIlovedandrespectedaboutclimbing.Whathadoncebeenthefinalmountainclimbinggoalbecamethefocusofacommercialguidingindustry.Overtheyears,thecrowdsatBaseCampgrew,leavingbehindtonsoftrash.WheneverIwasaskedwhetherI’dclimbMt.Qomolangma,myanswerwasalwaysthesame:notinterested.ThatwasprobablywheremypersonalMt.Qomolangmastorywouldhaveended,wereitnotforanoldfriendThomPollardandhisobsession(迷戀)withoneofthegreatestmysteries.In1999,hebegantoexploreandfoundtheremainsofGeorgeMallory,thecelebratedBritishclimberwhodisappearedwhilehewasattemptingtobethefirsttoclimbMt.Qomolangma.ButMallory’spartner,SandyIrvine,andthecamerahehadlikelycarried,werenotfound.Themountainclimbingworldhasbeenwonderingwhethertheymighthavereachedthetopin1924.Pollard’sstorymovedme.Ibegantopackfortheclimbandexpectedthatouradvancedequipmentwouldmakeitmanageable,perhapseasy.Iwaswrong.Onthehighestpointontheplanet,IwasmoretiredthanI’deverbeeninanyclimbing.Alongtheway,Icontinuouslytippedmyhat,notjusttoMalloryandIrvinebuttoanyonewhohasthedrivetopushhimselforherselfupthisroute.Mysearchwasinvain,butIbegantoreconsiderMt.Qomolangma.Iwitnessedmanyclimbers,whoweremuchmorethanjustself-centeredtourists.Wesharedrouteinformation,weatherforecasts,andfamilyphotos—allunitedaroundacommongoal.IwenttoMt.QomolangmatoseekIrvine.Butintheend,Ifoundsomethingmoredifficulttoget:thespiritthatIrvineandMalloryshared.Itwashidinginplainsight,rightwhereithasalwaysbeen:insidethebravesoulswhorisksomuchtofollowinstoriedadventurers’footstepsupMt.Qomolangma.8．WhydidtheauthoroncehateclimbingMt.Qomolangma?A．Becausethemountainwasovercrowded.B．Becausehisoriginalclimbinggoalchanged.C．Becauseclimbingitbecameaprofit-drivenindustry.D．Becausehehadtobravetheelementsonthemountain.9．WhatmotivatedtheauthortoclimbMt.Qomolangmalater?A．TheinfluenceofThomPollard.B．Theresultsofthepreviousclimbing.C．Thedevelopmentofadvancedequipment.D．ThespiritofGeorgeMalloryandSandyIrvine.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tippedmyhat”inparagraph3mean?A．Relievedmytiredness. B．Showedmyrespect.C．Expressedmygratitude. D．Provedmydetermination.11．Whatmessagedoesthepassagemainlyconvey?A．Thesearchformissingadventurersholdsgreatvalue.B．Modernclimbinglacksrespectforthenaturalenvironment.C．SpiritsoftheclimbersofMt.Qomolangmaareworthrespect.D．ExperiencedclimbersarequalifiedtoconquerMt.Qomolangma.DDamianStefaniukandhiscolleaguesatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havedevelopedanovelenergystoragedevice—asupercapacitor—usingthreebasic,inexpensivematerials:water,cement,andasoot(煤灰),whichcancarryelectricity.Supercapacitorsarehighlyefficientatstoringenergybutdifferfrombatteriesinsomeimportantways.Theycanchargemuchmorequicklythanalithium(鋰)batteryanddon’texperiencethesamelevelofperformancedeclineovertime.Butsupercapacitorsalsoreleasethepowertheystorerapidly,makingthemlessusefulindevicessuchasmobilephones,laptopsorelectriccarswhereasteadysupplyofenergyisneededoveranextendedperiodoftime.YetaccordingtoStefaniuk,thesesupercapacitorscouldmakeanimportantcontributiontoeffortstoreducecarbonemissionsandmaketheglobaleconomymoreenvironmentallyfriendly.“Ifitcanbescaledup,thetechnologycanhelpsolveanimportantissue—thestoringofrenewableenergy,”hesays.HeandhisfellowresearchersatMITenvisionseveralapplicationsfortheirsupercapacitors.Onemightbetocreateroadsthatstoresolarenergyandthenreleaseittorechargeelectriccarswirelesslyastheydrivealongaroad.Therapidreleaseofenergyfromthesupercapacitorswouldallowvehiclestogetarapidboosttotheirbatteries.Anotherapplicationwouldbeusingsupercapacitorsinthefoundationsorwallsofhouses,sothatthesepartsofthehousenotonlysupportthestructurebutalsostoreenergy.“Butit’sstillearlystages.Rightnow,thesupercapacitormadefrombuildingmaterialscanonlystorejustunder300watt-hourspercubicmeter,enoughtopowera10-wattLEDlightfor30hours.Thepowermightseemlowcomparedtoregularbatteries,butafoundationmadefrom30-40cubicmetersofthismaterialcouldmeetthedailyenergyneedsofahouse,”saysStefaniuk.“Sincethismaterialisusedsowidelyaroundtheworld,ithasthepotentialtobeverycompetitiveandusefulforenergystorage.”12．Whatmightbeanadvantageofsupercapacitors?A．Theyrequirelittlecare. B．Theyarelighterindesign.C．Theyreleasepowerinastablemanner. D．Theycontinuetoworkeffectivelyovertime.13．Howdoestheauthorhighlighttheapplicationofsupercapacitors?A．Byprovidingexamples. B．Bygivinginstructions.C．Bymakingcomparisons. D．Bypresentingcauseandeffect.14．Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredaboutthesupercapacitortechnology?A．Itisstilldevelopingandhasgreatpotential.B．Itwillbelimitedtosmall-scaleapplications.C．Itisefficientenoughtohelpreplacebatteries.D．Itwillbecomewidelyusedineverydaydevices.15．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Topresentadifficultproblem. B．Toadvocateatimelyaction.C．Tointroduceapossiblesolution. D．Toexplainacomplexprocess.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Withallthenewfindingsontheeffectsofbadlifestyles,itisnowonderthatsomanypeopleareeagertostartchangingtheirlifestylesforthebetter.16Onceyougetintothehabitofmaintainingahealthyroutine,youwillbeabletoexperiencethebenefitsofahealthylifestyle.Improveyourphysicalappearance.Leadingahealthylifestylecanmakeyoubringoutthebestversionofyourself.Tobespecific,ithelpsyoudevelopgoodhabitsandthesehabitsmakeiteasierforyoutoparticipateinhealthyactivities.17Promotebettermentalhealth.Whenyouenjoyahealthylifestyle,youdoseveralactivitieswhichhavesomedirectorindirecteffectsonimprovingyourmoodoremotionalside.18Thesetypesofactivitieswillalsohelpyouhavemoresocialinteractionsandinterestingconversationswithpeoplewhosharesimilarinterests.19Havingahealthylifestylecanactasprotectionagainstillnesses.Accordingtoresearch,itreducestherisksofchronicdiseaseslikediabetesandheartdisease.Nevertheless,whenriskfactorsarepresentandyou’releadingabadlifestyle,itdramaticallyincreasesthelikelihoodthatyou’lleventuallydeveloponeofanypossibleillnesses.Quiteliterally,thereareinfinitebenefitsonewillreceivebypursuingahealthylifestyle.20However,havingahealthylifestylewillcontributesignificantlytoamorefulfillinglifeovertime.Sodrinkwater,eatwell,movethebodyandchoosetobegratefulforthegiftoflife!A．Slowageingprocess.B．Thesebenefitsmaynotbeseenimmediately.C．Lowertheriskofdevelopinghealthproblems.D．Ahealthylifestylecanimproveyoursleepquality.E．Activitieslikeswimminghelpyourmindtorelaxandrefresh.F．Inreturn,youwillbefitandyourbodyposturewillalsoimprove.G．Ahealthylifestyleshouldbeawayoflivinginsteadofatemporaryfix.第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文：從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。OnApril6,1909,sixmenclaimedtheirplaceasthefirstexplorerstoreachtheNorthPole.Manyhadtriedtoreachthepole,butPeary’steam21themthroughcleverplanning.Healsogave22toHenson,anAfricanAmericanexplorerwith23skills.“TheteamneededhisknowledgeoftheInuit,andHensonwasfluentintheirlanguage.Also,hehassharedallthephysicalhardshipsofmyArcticwork,”Pearysaid.24windsblow.“Freezingofthefaceisa(n)25occurrence,”Hensonwrote.“Wecouldevenlosefinger’sortoes.Whenanyone’sfootbegantofreeze,anothermamheldthebarefootagainsthisstomachto26itup.Therewasnootherwayto27thefoot.”AfterfourjourneystotheArctic,Pearylearnedhowto28betterforthetrip.Thistime,hehadotherteamsgoaheadandleave29alongthewaytoprovidefortheirfinaldash.Theydrovelonghourseveryday.“Forced30allthetime,”Pearyexplained.Theywere31becausetheycameacrossnoopenwaterto32theteam.Theyspent30hoursatthepolebeforetheybegantheir33.Theycouldn’tstaylongerasspringwascomingandtheicewasabouttomelt.HensonsetsuchafastpacethatPearywarnedhimnottoworkthedogstodeath.“Iknow,”Hensonreplied.“Wemusthurry;34wewillbecaught.”Theydidit.Theyreachedsafetyin16daysand35theirplaceinhistory.21．A．employed B．helped C．chose D．beat22．A．credit B．way C．place D．support23．A．a(chǎn)cademic B．technical C．comprehensive D．communicative24．A．Mild B．Fresh C．Scary D．Biting25．A．dangerous B．ordinary C．temporary D．challenging26．A．wrap B．lift C．warm D．put27．A．feel B．save C．lift D．hold28．A．plan B．pack C．train D．budget29．A．riches B．supplies C．footprints D．messages30．A．duties B．requests C．marches D．measures31．A．lucky B．upset C．tough D．stuck32．A．freezeup B．holdup C．letdown D．putdown33．A．work B．trip C．return D．race34．A．otherwise B．likewise C．but D．still35．A．a(chǎn)warded B．steadied C．reserved D．secured第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Taichiisoftendescribedas“meditationinmotion,”butitmightwell36(call)“medicationinmotion.”Thereisgrowingevidencethatthismind-bodypractice,which37(originate)inChinaasamartialartinthelateMingandearlyQingdynasties,hasvalueintreatingorpreventingmanyhealthproblems.Andyoucangetstartedevenifyouaren’tintopshapeorthebestofhealth.Inthislow-impact,slow-motionexercise,yougowithoutpausingthroughaseriesofmotions38arenamedforanimalactions—forexample,“whitecranespreadsitswings”—ormartialartsmoves,suchas“boxbothears.”Asyoumove,youbreathedeeplyandnaturally,39(focus)yourattention—asinsomekindsofmeditation—onyourbodilysensations.Taichidiffersfromothertypesofexercise40severalrespects.Duringthe41(circle)movements,themusclesarerelaxedratherthantensed,thejointsarenotfullyextendedorbent,andconnectivetissuesarenotstretched.Taichicanbe42(easy)adaptedforanyone,fromthemostfittopeople43(confine)towheelchairsorrecoveringfromsurgery.Agrowingbodyofcarefullyconductedresearchisbuilding44compellingcasefortaichiasanadjuncttostandardmedicaltreatmentforthepreventionandrehabilitationofmanyconditionscommonlyassociatedwithage.Anadjuncttherapyisonethat’susedtogetherwithprimarymedicaltreatments,either45(address)adiseaseitselforitsprimarysymptoms,or,moregenerally,toimproveapatient’sfunctioningandqualityoflife.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46．假定你是李華,上周五你們班組織了“共讀一本書”(ReadingABookTogether)的閱讀分享活動(dòng),你的英國(guó)朋友Chris對(duì)此很感興趣。請(qǐng)你給他寫一封郵件分享這次經(jīng)歷,內(nèi)容包括:1.活動(dòng)介紹;2.你的收獲。注意:1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearChris,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Iusedtobelievethathomelesspeoplecouldonlyreceivebutnotgive.However,achanceencounterwithagirlatasoupkitchen(救濟(jì)站)oneeveningcompletelychangedmyperspective.Thatevening,IwasvolunteeringwithmyschoolatAndreHouse,asoupkitchenwevisitabouttwiceamonthtohelppreparemealsforthoseinneed.Iparticularlyenjoybeinginvolvedinfoodpreparationandservingonthelinebecauseitallowsustobuildconnectionswiththoseweareserving.Whilethepeopleweencounteratthesoupkitchencomefromdiversebackgroundsandcircumstances,thesharedexpressionofgratitude,oftenintheformof“Thankyouforyourservice”,makestheexperiencealotmoremeaningful.Onthisparticularnight,therewasanunusuallyhighnumberofpeopleatAndreHouse.Wewerekeptbusyworking,concernedthattheremightnotbeenoughfoodforsomanypeople.Fortunately,wheneveryonehadbeenserved,therewasstilloneportion(份)offoodleft.Justthen,atthatlatehour,agirlappearedinthesoupkitchenandaskedforfood.“You’relucky.You’rethelastpersonwhocangetfoodherethisevening,”Isaid.“Thankyou,”theshygirlwhisperedasIhandedherthefood.Inoticedthatshewasaroundmyageandcouldn’thelpbutwonderwhatkindoftroubleshehadgonethroughtoenduphere.SeeinghermademerealizehowfortunateIwastohavearoofovermyhead,amealtoeateverydayandacomfortablebedtosleepinafteralongday.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Unfortunately,atthatmoment,anoldwomanhurriedin.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Waitaminute,Granny!”thegirlIhadjustservedsaidassheranoutwithherfood.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案1．B2．C3．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是LivingonEarth這本書的簡(jiǎn)介以及四位讀者的評(píng)價(jià)。1．推理判斷題。由標(biāo)題“Forests,Corals,Consciousness,andtheMakingoftheWorld(森林、珊瑚、意識(shí)和世界的形成)”以及文章第一段“Rangingfromtheseastotheforests,andfromanimatematter’sfirstappearancetoitsfutureextinction,heoffersanovelpictureofthecourseoflifeonEarthandhowwemightmeetthechallengesofourtime.(從海洋到森林，從生物物質(zhì)的首次出現(xiàn)到未來(lái)的滅絕，他為地球上的生命歷程以及我們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)對(duì)時(shí)代的挑戰(zhàn)提供了一幅新穎的畫面)”可知，本書屬于科學(xué)與自然范疇。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)Elentarri的話“Thisbookdoesnotprovideanythingnovelororiginal.(這本書沒有提供任何新穎或原創(chuàng)的東西)”可知，Elentarri認(rèn)為本書缺少新觀點(diǎn)。故選C。3．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，全文包括該出版物的內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介以及四位讀者的打分和評(píng)價(jià)，所以本文目的是簡(jiǎn)單介紹一本書和讀者的反饋。故選D。4．C5．D6．A7．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。本文是對(duì)《焦慮的一代》一書的評(píng)論，作者認(rèn)為該書提出的數(shù)字技術(shù)導(dǎo)致兒童大腦重構(gòu)和精神健康危機(jī)的觀點(diǎn)缺乏科學(xué)依據(jù)。作者強(qiáng)調(diào)，精神障礙的成因復(fù)雜，需要基于科學(xué)和證據(jù)的解決方案，而不是簡(jiǎn)單歸咎于社交媒體。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“However,thebook’srepeatedsuggestionthatdigitaltechnologiesarerewiringourchildren’sbrainsandcausingtheepidemic(流行病)ofmentalillnessisunsupportedbyscience.(然而，這本書一再暗示數(shù)字技術(shù)正在重構(gòu)我們孩子的大腦，并導(dǎo)致精神健康問(wèn)題的流行，這一觀點(diǎn)并沒有得到科學(xué)的支持。)”可知，該書重復(fù)暗示數(shù)字技術(shù)正在重構(gòu)我們孩子的大腦，并導(dǎo)致精神健康問(wèn)題的流行。C選項(xiàng)“Teen’smentalillnessresultsfromscreentime.(青少年的精神疾病與看屏幕時(shí)間有關(guān)。)”與該描述相一致。故選C。5．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的內(nèi)容“Whenassociationsovertimearefound,theysuggestnotthatsocial-mediausepredictsorcausesdepression,butthatyoungpeoplewhoalreadyhavemental-healthproblemsusesuchplatformsmoreoftenorindifferentwaysfromtheirhealthypeers.(隨著時(shí)間的推移，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)社交媒體的使用并不是預(yù)測(cè)或?qū)е乱钟舭Y，而是已經(jīng)有心理健康問(wèn)題的年輕人比健康的同齡人更頻繁地或以不同的方式使用這些平臺(tái)。)”以及劃線詞后面的內(nèi)容“Ananalysisdonein72countriesshowsnoconsistentormeasurableassociationsbetweenwell-beingandsocialmediaglobally.(在72個(gè)國(guó)家進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)分析顯示，在全球范圍內(nèi)，幸福感和社交媒體之間沒有一致的或可衡量的聯(lián)系。)”可知，“同樣的信息”指的是社交媒體并不一定導(dǎo)致心理健康問(wèn)題。通過(guò)在72個(gè)國(guó)家進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)分析顯示，在全球范圍內(nèi)，幸福感和社交媒體之間沒有一致的或可衡量的聯(lián)系。故劃線詞指代的是沒有一致或可測(cè)量的證據(jù)表明社交媒體與幸福感之間有密切關(guān)系。故選D。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Wehaveagenerationincrisisandindesperateneedofthebestofwhatscienceandevidence-basedsolutionscanoffer.Unfortunately,ourtimeisbeingspenttellingstoriesthatareunsupportedbyresearchandthatdolittletosupportyoungpeoplewhoneed,anddeserve,more.(我們這一代人正處于危機(jī)之中，迫切需要科學(xué)和基于證據(jù)的解決方案所能提供的最好的東西。不幸的是，我們的時(shí)間花在講述沒有研究支持的故事上，這些故事對(duì)那些需要、也應(yīng)該得到更多支持的年輕人幾乎沒有幫助。)”可知，針對(duì)于年輕人的心理健康問(wèn)題，我們正在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間講述沒有研究支持的故事，而這些故事對(duì)需要幫助的年輕人并沒有幫助，這暗示我們需要采取有效的行動(dòng)來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。故選A。7．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“IhadtosaysomethingafterreadingTheAnxiousGeneration.Itisgoingtosellwell,becauseJonathanHaidtistellingascarystoryaboutchildren’sdevelopmentmanyparentsareledtobelieve.However,thebook’srepeatedsuggestionthatdigitaltechnologiesarerewiringourchildren’sbrainsandcausingtheepidemic(流行病)ofmentalillnessisunsupportedbyscience.(讀完《焦慮的一代》后，我不得不說(shuō)些什么。這本書將會(huì)暢銷，因?yàn)閱碳{森·海特特講述了一個(gè)許多父母都傾向于相信的關(guān)于兒童發(fā)展可怕的故事。然而，書中反復(fù)暗示數(shù)字技術(shù)正在重新連接我們孩子的大腦，并導(dǎo)致精神疾病的流行，這一觀點(diǎn)并沒有科學(xué)支持。)”以及最后一段中“Unfortunately,ourtimeisbeingspenttellingstoriesthatareunsupportedbyresearchandthatdolittletosupportyoungpeoplewhoneed,anddeserve,more.(不幸的是，我們的時(shí)間花在講述沒有研究支持的故事上，這些故事對(duì)那些需要、也應(yīng)該得到更多支持的年輕人幾乎沒有幫助。)”以及通讀全文可知，整篇文章都在批評(píng)一本書的觀點(diǎn)，并強(qiáng)調(diào)需要科學(xué)和證據(jù)支持的解決方案，而不應(yīng)該把時(shí)間浪費(fèi)在沒有科學(xué)研究支持的結(jié)論中，由此表明作者的目的是引起人們對(duì)兒童心理健康問(wèn)題以及真正引發(fā)其該問(wèn)題的原因進(jìn)行關(guān)注和理解。D選項(xiàng)“Togiveavoicetochildren’smentalissues.(為孩子們的心理問(wèn)題發(fā)聲。)”符合作者的目的。故選D。8．C9．A10．B11．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇是一篇記敘文。敘述了作者從對(duì)攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的態(tài)度從厭惡轉(zhuǎn)向重新考慮這座山及其攀登精神的變化過(guò)程。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TheideaofclimbingMt.Qomolangmadisgustedme.ThemountaincametorepresenttheoppositeofeverythingthatIlovedandrespectedaboutclimbing.Whathadoncebeenthefinalmountainclimbinggoalbecamethefocusofacommercialguidingindustry.Overtheyears,thecrowdsatBaseCampgrew,leavingbehindtonsoftrash.WheneverIwasaskedwhetherI’dclimbMt.Qomolangma,myanswerwasalwaysthesame:notinterested.(攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的想法令我厭惡。這座山成了我熱愛和尊敬的攀巖運(yùn)動(dòng)的對(duì)立面。曾經(jīng)的最終登山目標(biāo)變成了商業(yè)導(dǎo)游業(yè)的焦點(diǎn)。這些年來(lái)，大本營(yíng)的人越來(lái)越多，留下了成噸的垃圾。每當(dāng)有人問(wèn)我是否會(huì)攀登珠穆朗瑪峰，我的回答總是一樣的:不感興趣)”可知，作者不喜歡攀登珠穆朗瑪峰，是因?yàn)榕实沁@座山成為了一個(gè)商業(yè)活動(dòng)，導(dǎo)致了營(yíng)地人滿為患、垃圾成堆，由此可推斷出作者反感珠穆朗瑪峰的原因是攀登活動(dòng)被利益驅(qū)動(dòng)所主導(dǎo)。故選C。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ThatwasprobablywheremypersonalMt.Qomolangmastorywouldhaveended,wereitnotforanoldfriendThomPollardandhisobsessionwithoneofthegreatestmysteries.(如果不是因?yàn)槔吓笥袽t.Qomolangma和他對(duì)最大的謎團(tuán)之一的癡迷，我個(gè)人的珠穆朗瑪峰故事可能就此結(jié)束了)”以及第三段“Pollard’sstorymovedme.(Pollard的故事感動(dòng)了我)”可知，是ThomPollard的堅(jiān)持和故事激勵(lì)了作者去攀爬珠穆朗瑪峰。故選A。10．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Alongtheway,Icontinuouslytippedmyhat,notjusttoMalloryandIrvinebuttoanyonewhohasthedrivetopushhimselforherselfupthisroute.(我不斷地tippedmyhat，不僅是對(duì)Mallory和Irvine，也是對(duì)任何有動(dòng)力推動(dòng)自己走上這條路的人)”可知，作者在攀登的過(guò)程中向那些有勇氣攀登的人表達(dá)敬意，推斷出“tippedmyhat”意為“表示敬意”。故選B。11．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“IwenttoMt.QomolangmatoseekIrvine.Butintheend,Ifoundsomethingmoredifficulttoget:thespiritthatIrvineandMalloryshared.Itwashidinginplainsight,rightwhereithasalwaysbeen:insidethebravesoulswhorisksomuchtofollowinstoriedadventurers’footstepsupMt.Qomolangma.”(我去珠穆朗瑪峰尋找歐文。但最后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)了更難得到的東西：歐文和馬洛里共有的精神。它隱藏在人們的視線中，就在它一直存在的地方：在那些冒著巨大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)追隨傳奇冒險(xiǎn)家的腳步攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的勇敢的靈魂里。)可知，文章傳達(dá)的信息主要是珠穆朗瑪峰攀登者的精神值得尊敬。故選C。12．D13．A14．A15．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了麻省理工學(xué)院的DamianStefaniuk及其同事開發(fā)的一種使用水、水泥和煤灰這三種基本且廉價(jià)的材料制成的新型儲(chǔ)能裝置——超級(jí)電容器，并說(shuō)明了其優(yōu)勢(shì)、應(yīng)用及潛力。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Supercapacitorsarehighlyefficientatstoringenergybutdifferfrombatteriesinsomeimportantways.Theycanchargemuchmorequicklythanalithium(鋰)batteryanddon’texperiencethesamelevelofperformancedeclineovertime.(超級(jí)電容器在儲(chǔ)存能量方面效率很高，但在一些重要方面與電池不同。它們的充電速度比鋰電池快得多，而且隨著時(shí)間的推移，性能不會(huì)像鋰電池那樣下降。)”可知，與電池相比，超級(jí)電容器的優(yōu)勢(shì)是它們能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間有效工作。故選D。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“HeandhisfellowresearchersatMITenvisionseveralapplicationsfortheirsupercapacitors.Onemightbetocreateroadsthatstoresolarenergyandthenreleaseittorechargeelectriccarswirelesslyastheydrivealongaroad.Therapidreleaseofenergyfromthesupercapacitorswouldallowvehiclestogetarapidboosttotheirbatteries.Anotherapplicationwouldbeusingsupercapacitorsinthefoundationsorwallsofhouses,sothatthesepartsofthehousenotonlysupportthestructurebutalsostoreenergy.(他和他在麻省理工學(xué)院的同事們?yōu)樗麄兊某?jí)電容器設(shè)想了幾種應(yīng)用。一種可能是建造能夠儲(chǔ)存太陽(yáng)能的道路，然后當(dāng)電動(dòng)汽車在路上行駛時(shí)，釋放能量為電動(dòng)汽車無(wú)線充電。超級(jí)電容器快速釋放能量，可以讓車輛的電池快速充電。另一種應(yīng)用是在房屋的地基或墻壁中使用超級(jí)電容器，這樣房屋的這些部分不僅可以支撐結(jié)構(gòu)，還可以儲(chǔ)存能量。)”可知，作者通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明了超級(jí)電容器在道路上無(wú)線充電和為房屋提供能源等方面的應(yīng)用。故選A。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Butit’sstillearlystages.Rightnow,thesupercapacitormadefrombuildingmaterialscanonlystorejustunder300watt-hourspercubicmeter…Sincethismaterialisusedsowidelyaroundtheworld,ithasthepotentialtobeverycompetitiveandusefulforenergystorage.(但這仍處于早期階段。目前，由建筑材料制成的超級(jí)電容器每立方米只能儲(chǔ)存不到300瓦時(shí)的電量……由于這種材料在全球范圍內(nèi)使用如此廣泛，它有可能在儲(chǔ)能方面具有很強(qiáng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力和實(shí)用性。)”可推知，超級(jí)電容器技術(shù)仍在發(fā)展中，并且具有巨大的潛力。故選A。15．推理判斷題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第一段“DamianStefaniuk