2024年1月首考英語試題

2024年1月普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試

英語

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案

轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最

佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對

話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshin?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.I8.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatdoesthemando?

A.Acomputertechnician.B.Ahotelreceptionist.C.Ashopassistant.

2.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atthegrocer's.B.Atthetailor's.C.Atthecleaner,s.

3.HowdidthespeakercometoSeattle?

A.Byplane.B.Bycar.C.Bytrain.

4.Whatwillthespeakershavefordinnertoday?

A.Friedrice.B.Noodles.C.Steak.

5.HowisSophiefeelingnow?

A.Confused.B.Worried.C.Disappointed.

第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或讀白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個

選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個

小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodobeforenoon?

A.Postaletter.B.Makeacard.C.Writeanemail.

7.Whosebirthdayisit?

A.Richard's.B.Sarah's.C.Vera's.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.WhatcoursedoesProfessorBrooksteach?

A.PublicSpeaking.B.EuropeanHistory.C.EnglishLiterature.

9.WhydoesVickycometotalkwithProfessorBrooks?

A.lbsignupforhiscourse.

B.Tbaskforamake-uptest.

C.lbdiscussherhomework.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。

10.WhatdoesLindadoforplaysandshows?

A.Shegivesactorsadvice.

B.Sheassignsrolestoactors.

C.Shedesignsactors'clothes.

11.WhatdocsLindaneedtoresearch?

A.Thesettingofthestory.

B.Thedecorationofthestage.

C.Thenamesofthecharacters.

12.WhodoesLindareportherworkto?

A.Thedirector.B.Theeditor.C.Thephotographer.

13.WhatdoesLindasayaboutherjob?

A.Itpaysverywell.B.Itrequiresteameffort.C.Itinvolvesfrequenttravel.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.WhatdoesKevinthinkofabstractart?

A.Ithaslastingartisticvalue.

B.Itmakeslittlesensetohim.

C.Ilappealsmainlytochildren.

15.Whatimpressiondidthefirstpaintinggivethewoman?

A.Hopefulness.B.NervousnessC.Coldness.

16.Whatcolorwasusedforthebackgroundinthesecondpainting?

A.GreenB.Purple.C.Red.

17.WhatwillKevinprobablydothisSaturday?

A.Attendanartclass.B.Visitanexhibition.C.Buyanabstractpainting.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.WhatcausedtheclosureofPittwaterRoad?

A.Afallentree.B.Afloodedriver.C.Acaraccident.

19.WhathappenedatTownHallStation?

A.Apoliceofficergothurt.

B.Apassengerwentmissing.

C.Thestationroofwasbroken.

20.Whatareroadusersadvisedtodo?

A.Driveatlowspeed.B.Postponetheirtrips.C.Followtrafficsigns.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

TomSawyerPlayIsanAdventure

A35-minutehand-clapping,foot-stompingmusicalversionofaMarkTwainfavoritereturns

withthisTailStacksfestival.

“TomSawyer:ARiverAdventure^^hasallthegoodstuff;includingthefencepainting,the

graveyard,theislandandthecave.ItisadaptedbyJoeMcDonough,withmusicbyDavidKisor.

That'sthelocalstagewritingteamthatcreatesmanyoftheChildren'sTheatreofCincinnati's

originalmusicals,alongwiththeholidayfamilymusicalsatEnsembleTheatre.

ThisyearNathanTurnerofBurlingtonisTomSawyer,andRobbieMcMathofFortMitchell

isHuckFinn.

Turner,a1Oth-graderatSchoolforCreativeandPerformingArts,isafamiliarpresenceon

Cincinnati'sstages.HeisastaractorofChildren'sTheatre,havingplayedleadingrolesin”The

LegendofSleepyHollow^^and"TheWizardofOz."andisfreshfromJerseyProduction"Ragtime.”

McMathisajunioratBeechwoodHighSchool.Hewasinthecastof“TomSawyer”whenit

wasfirstperformedandisaChildren'sTheatreregular,withfiveshowstohiscredit.Thissummer

heattendedKentucky'sGovernor'sSchoolfortheArtsinMusicalTheatre.

Notetoteachers:Children'sTheatrehasastudyguidedemonstratinghowmathandscience

canbetaughtthrough“TomSawyer?'Fordownloadablelessons,visittheofficialwebsiteof

Children'sTheatre.

21.WhowrotethemusicfbruTomSawyer:ARiverAdventure,,7

A.DavidKisor.B.JoeMcDonough.

C.NathanTurner.D.RobbieMcMath.

22.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetwoactors?

A.Theystudyinthesameschool.B.Theyworkedtogetherin“Ragtime”.

C.Theyareexperiencedonstage.D.Theybecamefriendstenyearsago.

23.WhatdoesChildren'sTheatreprovidefbrteachers?

A.Researchfunding.B.Trainingopportunities.

C.Technicalsupport.D.Educationalresources.

B

Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedatelephonebox?Imeantomakeanactualphonecallnot

toshelterfromtherain.Agesago,right?ThelasttimeIusedaphoneboxforitsintendedpurpose

was...2006.1wasconductingauditions（試演）formyplayinmytinyoldsharedhouseinLondon.

Hopingtoimpresssometalentedactorstocomeandworkfbrmefornothing,Ispreadsomethrows

overthesofasandlitcandlestomakeitseemabitmore“youngprofessional”.

AsIrushedoutdoorstoemptythewastepaperbaskets,thedoorswungshutbehindme.

SuddenlyIwaslockedoutside.Mymobilephonewasinside,butluckilytherewasatelephonebox

acrossthestreet.So,IcalledDirectoryAssistance,gotputthroughtoourlandlady'smanagingagent,

andhadasparekeysenttomewithjustenoughtimetogetbadinbeforetheactorsarrived.

AsithasbeenmanyyearssinceIlastusedone,Ishouldhardlybesurprisedthatthereareno

longeranypublictelephonesnearmyhouse.Thelastonestandinghasjustbeenturnedintoa”mini

communitylibrary^^:anypasser-bycan“borrow"abookfromitsshelves,andreturnitlater,or

replaceitwithanothertitlefromtheirowncollection.

Forafewmonthsafterthe“l(fā)ibrary”opened,Ididn'tbothertakingalook,asIhadassumed

thatitwouldbestuffedfullofcheesylovestories.ThenInoticedfolkconductingspringcleans

droppingboxesofvoluminousbooksonvarioussubjectsthere.Andthesebookswerefree.This

unbeatableprice-pointencouragedmetoexperimentwithdozensoftitlesthatIwouldnever

normallyconsiderbuying.AndFvediscoveredsomegreatbooks!

IfIevergettrappedoutsidemyhouseagain,mylocaltelephoneboxwill,sadly,nolongerbe

abletoconnectmewithmykeys.ButitcancertainlykeepmeentertainedwhileIwaitfbrmywife

torescueme.

24.Whatdoestheword“it”underlinedinthefirstparagraphreferto?

A.Theplay.B.Thesharedhouse.

C.Thesofa.D.Thetelephonebox.

25.Whydidtheauthorusethetelephoneboxin2006?

A.Toplaceanurgentcall.B.1bputupanotice.

C.Toshelterfromtherain.D.Tbholdanaudition.

26.Whatdoweknowaboutthe“minicommunitylibrary”？

A.Itprovidesphoneserviceforfree.B.Anyonecancontributetoitscollection.

C.Itispopularamongyoungreaders.D.Booksmustbereturnedwithinamonth.

27.Whydidtheauthorsiantousethe"library”?

A.Hewantedtoborrowsomelovestories.

B.Hewasencouragedbyacloseneighbour.

C.Hefoundtherewereexcellentfreebooks.

D.Hethoughtitwasanidealplaceforreading.

C

OnSeptember7,199Lthecostliesthailstorm（雹暴）inCanadianhistoryhitCalgary*southern

suburbs.Asaresult,since1996agroupofinsurancecompanieshavespentabout$2millionper

yearontheAlbertaHailSuppressionProject.Airplanesseedthreateningstormcellswithachemical

tomakesmallicecrystalsfallasrainbeforetheycangrowintodangeroushailstones.Butfarmers

ineast-centralAlberta—downwindofthehailprojectflights—worrythatpreciousmoisture（水

分）isbeingstolenfromtheirthirstylandbythecloudseeding.

NormanStienwand,whofarmsinthatarea,hasbeenaddressingpublicmeetingsonthisissue

fbryears."Basically,theprovincialgovernmentisJettingtheinsurance,companiesprotectthe

Calgary-EdmontonurbanareafromMr.Stienwandsays,“butthey'reincreasingdroughtrisk

asfareastasSaskatchewan.

TheAlbertahailprojectismanagedbyTerryKrauss,acloudphysicistwhoworksfbrWeather

ModificationInc.ofFargo,NorthDakota.44Weaffectonlyaverysmallpercentageofthetotal

moistureintheair,sowecannotbecausingdrought/,Dr.Krausssays.Tnfact,wemaybehelping

increasethemoisturedownwindbycreatingwetterground.”

OnedoubteraboutthesafetyofcloudseedingisChuckDoswell,aresearchscientistwhojust

retiredfromtheUniversityofOklahoma.t4In1999,【personallysawsignificanttornadoes（龍卷風）

formfromaseededstormcellinKansas,"Dr.Doswellsays."Doescloudseedingcreatekiller

stormsorreducemoisturedownwind?Noonereallyknows,ofcourse,buttheseedinggoeson.^^

Giventhedegreeofdoubt,Mr.Stienwandsuggests,t4itwouldbewisetostopcloudseeding.”

Inpractice,doubthashadtheoppositeeffect.Duetothelackofscientificproofconcerningtheir

impacts,noonehassucceededinwinningalawsuitagainstcloud-seedingcompanies,Hence,

privateclimateengineeringcanproceedinrelativelegalsafety.

28.Whatdocstheprojectaimtodo?

A.Conservemoistureinthesoil.B.Preventtheformationofhailstones.

C.Forecastdisastroushailstorms.D.Investigatechemicaluseinfarming.

29.Whoareopposedtotheproject?

A.Farmersineast-centralAlberta.B.Managersofinsurancecompanies.

C.Provincialgovernmentofficials.D.ResidentsofCalgaryandEdmonton,

30.WhydoesDr.Doswellmentionthetornadoeshesawin1999?

A.Tocomparedifferentkindsofseedingmethods.

B.lbillustratethedevelopmentofbighailstorms.

C.Tbindicateapossibledangerofcloudseeding.

D.lbshowthelinkbetweenstormsandmoisture.

31.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.ScientificstudieshaveprovedStienwandright.

B.PrivateclimateengineeringisillegalinCanada.

C.Thedoubtaboutcloudseedinghasdisappeared.

D.Cloud-seedingcompanieswillcontinuetoexist.

D

TheStanfordmarshmallow（相花糖）leslwasoriginallyconductedbypsychologistWalter

Mischelinthelate1960s.Childrenagedfourtosixatanurseryschoolwereplacedinaroom.A

singlesugarytreat,selectedbythechild,wasplacedonatable.Eachchildwastoldiftheywaited

for15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat.Thentheywereleftalone

intheroom.Follow-upstudieswiththechildrenlaterinlifeshowedaconnectionbetweenanability

towaitlongenoughtoobtainasecondtreatandvariousformsofsuccess.

Asadultswcfaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.Wc'rcnottempted（誘惑）by

sugarytreats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets-allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobal

deliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdotopreschoolers.

Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld,andour

brainsdevelopedaresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue-afeelingofreward

andsatisfaction.Butaswe'vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecostand

effortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago,

andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttemptingfoodsthatwe

knowweshouldn'teat.

Asimilarprocessisatworkinourresponsetoinformation.Ourformativeenvironmentasa

specieswasinformation-poor,soourbrainsdevelopedamechanismthatprizednewinformation.

Butglobalconnectivityhasgreatlychangedourinformationenvironment.Wearenowceaselessly

bombarded（轟炸）withnewinformation.Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulabout

ourcaloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,

resistingthetemptationofthemental4junkfood''inordertomanageourtimemosteffectively.

32.WhatdidthechildrenneedtodotogetasecondtreatinMischePstest?

A.Takeanexaminationalone.B.Showrespectfbrtheresearchers.

C.Sharetheirtreatswithothers.D.Delayeatingforfifteenminutes.

33.Accordingtoparagraph3,thereisamismatchbetween.

A.thecalorie-poorworldandourgoodappetites

B.theshortageofsugarandournutritionalneeds

C.therichfoodsupplyandourunchangedbrains

D.thetemptingfoodsandoureffortstokeepfit

34.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdo?

A.Absorbnewinformationreadily.B.Beselectiveinformationconsumers.

C.Usediverseinformationsources.D.Protecttheinformationenvironment.

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.EatLess,ReadMoreB.TheBiterTruthaboutEarlyHumans

C.TheLater,theBetterD.TheMarshmallowTestforGrownups

第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多

余選項。

Inthepastfewyears,onlinelearninghasbecomeasignificantpartoftheuniversityandcollege

experience.____36____Butareallonlinecoursescreatedequal?Howcanyoubesurethatdigital

learningisrightforyou?37____Weinterviewedstudentsandprofessorstogettheiradvice

aboutonlinecourses.

Themostobviousadvantagesofonlinelearningisthatyoucanstudyanywhereandanytime.

38"Ithinkapointthatmanypeoplelosesightofishoweasyitcanbeiofallbehind

schedule,saysgraduatestudentAmandaBindman.Beforechoosingtostudyonline,consider

whetheryou'reaself^motivatedlearnerandifthematerialseemsinterestingenoughtokeepyou

going.

Thetipthatcomesupmostoftenissimple:buildonlinecoursesintoyourweeklyschedule,

justlikewhatyouwoulddowithin-personcourses.39Henotedthathisonlinestudents

usuallyendupwithlowergrades.Itissoeasytoletanonlinecourseslide,butyourgradeswill

sufferasaresult.Besuretoschedulesettimestowatchyourlectures,readmaterialsandcontribute

toonlinediscussionboards.

____40_Asocialconnectionisoftenabigpartoflearning.Therearethingsyoucandoto

easethisproblem.JessicaPink,anundergraduatestudent,suggeststakingonlinecourseswitha

friend,soyoucanmotivateeachothertostayontrack.Youcanalsofindstudentsontheclass

discussionboardtoorganizeastudygroup,orschedulein-personmeetingswithyourprofessorto

discusscourseconcepts.

A.Butthatdoesn'tmeantherearen'tdeadlines.

B.Yourmotivationshouldbeyourmainconcern.

C.Doyouknowthatonlinecoursesarealsopartofyoureducation?

D.ProfessorAlexDavidsonteachesthesamecourseinpersonandonline.

E.Thechiefcomplaintaboutonlinecoursesisthattheylackhumaninteraction.

F.Ifyoutakeanonlinecourse,whatcanyoudotoensurethebestpossiblegrade?

G.Asurveyfoundthat29percentofcollegestudentsregisteredfbronlinecourses.

非選擇題部分

第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選

項。

Whiletakinga20-hourtrainridealongtheedgeoftheTaklimakanDesertinthenorthwestern

China,Ihadthekindofhumbling,educational,andaboveallelse,wonderful___41___withalocal

thatalltravelerslongfor.AyoungChineseman___42___meonthetrain.My___43___friend

spokevirtuallynoEnglish,soIhappilytookthe___44___topracticemyChinese.

Overseveralhourshewouldtellmeabouthowhehad___45___atwo-yearprofessional

schooltoquicklyfindajob___46___highwaysinordertohelpsupporthisfamily.Perhapsmost

___47___,however,wasthefactthatthismanspenthoursstudyingeverydayafterhardphysical

labor.Withoutbattinganeyehewould___48___atranslatedEmersonpassagebeforeaskingabout

theliteraryinfluenceofAmerican___49___asawhole.4tAndwhatdoyoualllearnaboutRussian

authors?^^I___50___himaskingatonepoint.

Itwouldhavebeeneasyto___51___myassumptionsaboutthishighwaybuilderwhohad

neverbeenmorethanafewhundredmilesfromhome.Butthishighlyinformed,___52___,and

admirablepersonpreventedmedoingso.Inthecourseofacoupleofhours,he___53___mejust

howmuchonecangainfrom___54___withanopenmind,andawillingnessto___55___with

localsfromallwalksoflife.

41.A.experimentB.encounterC.competitionD.appointment

42.A.treatedB.savedC.lecturedD.approached

43.A.trueB.so-calledC.newD.long-lost

44.A.chanceB.adviceC.troubleD.right

45.A.visitedB.financedC.attendedD.founded

46.A.buildingB.sweepingC.checkingD.guarding

47.A.typicalB.obviousC.naturalD.remarkable

48.A.publishB.quoteC.copyD.download

49.A.writersB.historiansC.workersD.students

50.A.anticipateB.imagineC.recallD.catch

51.A.lookintoB.relyonC.gooverD.dealwith

52.A.well-behavedB.multi-skilledC.warm-heartedD.self-educated

53.A.askedB.warnedC.showedD.promised

54.A.travelingB.readingC.searchingD.teaching

55.A.cooperateB.sideC.negotiateD.engage

第二節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Theshelvesinmostsupermarketsarefulloffamily-sizethisandmulti-buythat.However,if

you'reshoppingforone,buyingextra___56___(benefit)frompricereductionsdoesn'tmakesense.

Eitheryourshoppingisthentooheavytocarryhome___57___youcan'tusewhatyou'vebought

whileit'sstillfresh.

Ofcourse,shopsarenotcharities—theypricegoodsintheway58willmakethemthe

mostmoney.Ifmostoftheircustomersarchappytobuylargerquantities,that's___59___they'll

promote.Butthatleavesthesolo(單獨)customersoutofpocketanddisappointed.

Manysupermarketsarenolongerdoing“buyonegetonefree?,promotionsbecauseofthe

____60___(criticize)thattheyleadtowaste.Consumersprefermoneyoffindividualitems.

However,thoughit'snicetogetafewcentsoffapackofsausages,itwouldhelpevenmoreifthey

couldsometimes___61___(offer)insmallerpacks.Eventhebiggestsausagefandoesn'twantto

eatthemeveryday.

Ifyoursupermarketsellslooseproduce,thenbuyingsmallerquantitiesiseasier.Overthelast

twoyears,somesupermarkets___62___(start)sellingchickenorsaladinpacks___63___(design)

withtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).Then,whenyouuseonesection,___64___other

staysfresh.

Whoknows,perhapssomeofthemoreforward-looking___65___(one)mayyetcomeout

withawholerangeof“justfbryou“packsizeswithspecialoffersaswell.

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)滿分(15分)

請你寫一篇短文向校英文報“SportsandHealth”欄目投稿，向同學們推薦一項適合課間

開展的運動，內(nèi)容包括：

1.介紹這項運動；

2.說明推薦理由。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80個左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題紙的相應位置作答。

StandUpandExercise,Everybody!

第二節(jié)：

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。

Evaspentthefirstweekofhighschooltryingtokeepherheadabovewater.Oneofthemajor

headachesfbrherwasfindingherwayinthehugeschoolbuilding.Ilwasasix-storybuilding.On

eachfloor,hallwaysstretchedinfourdirections,leadingtoclassrooms,laboratories,andteachers*

offices.Somewhereinthebuilding,therewasalsoalibrary,acafeteria,andagym.

Havingapoorsenseofdirection,Evafounditimpossibletogetaroundinsuchahugebuilding.

Allthedifferenthallwaysandroomsweretoomuchtothinkabout,letalonecommittomemory.

Shedecidedthatshewouldmemorizewhereherclasseswereandthenpretendthattherestofthe

placedidn'texist.

InherfastP.E.class,EvawasshockedwhenCoachPittannouncedthateveryonehadtorun

onemilearoundthetrackoutside.Shesearchedthefacesofherclassmatesfbrsignsofpanic.There

wasnothingshefearedmorethanhavingtorunawholemile.ToEva,“amile“wasusedtodescribe

longdistances.Itwastenmilesfromherhometohergrandfather's,andthatalwaysseemedlikea

longway,eveninacar!

WhenCoachPittblewhiswhistle（口肖子），Evafiguredshewouldbeleftinthedust.However,

whilesomeofherclassmatesedgedahead,othersactuallyfellbehind."It'sjustthebeginning,vshe

thought.<4rilcomeinlastforsure.”

SoonEvabegantobreathehard,withherheartpoundingandlegsshaking.Feelingdesperate,

Evastartedusingamindwickonherself.Shesloppedthinkingabouttheword44mile.^^Instead,she

focusedonreachingtheshadoweastonthetrackbyanoaktreeupahead.Thensheconcentrated

onjoggingtothespotwherethetrackcurved（拐彎）.Afterthat,shetriedtoseeifshecouldcomplete

herfirstlap.Onelapturnedintotwo,thenthree,thenfour.

Paragraph1:WhenCoachPittsaid"Nicework!”toheratthefinishline,Evawassurprised.

Paragraph2:Evadecidedtousethesametricktodealwiththeschoolbuilding.

參考答案（僅供參考）

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