Unit 1 Know yourself【同步拓展閱讀】九年級上冊英語單元閱讀深度指導（牛津譯林版）（解析版）

Unit1Knowyourself人與自我：做人與做事單元引言解讀Knowingthyselfistheheightofwisdom—Socrates,GreekPhilosopher

釋義：了解自己是智慧的最高點。?啟示：蘇格拉底的名言。這句話體現(xiàn)了自我認知在個人成長和發(fā)展中的核心作用。?通過深入了解自己，?個人可以更好地認識自己的優(yōu)點和缺點，?從而做出更明智的決策，?實現(xiàn)個人潛能的最大化。?名言名句積累人與自我1.Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.

這句話說明了人們傾向于與自己相似的人交往，?反映了性格和興趣的相似性在工作團隊中的重要性。?2.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有智者事竟成！3.Romewasnotbuiltinaday.冰凍三尺非一日之寒。4.Knowledgemakeshumble,ignorancemakesproud.博學使人謙遜，?無知使人驕傲。?5.Everythingcomestohimwhowaits.

功夫不負有心人時文拓展閱讀盤古開天地：以身體化作宇宙萬物Inthebeginning,theuniverse(宇宙)wasdarkeverywhere.Atthattime,heavenandEarthweremixedtogetherlikeanegg.ThegiantPangusleptinsideitforabout18,000yearsandthenwokeup.Hecouldonlyseethedarknessaroundhim,sohestartedtoswinghisgiantaxe.Upondoingso,theeggbroke.HeavenandEarthstartedtobreaktoo.Thelighterpartsoftheeggwentupwardtoformheaven,andtheheavierpartswentdownwardtobecomeEarth.PanguworriedthatheavenandEarthmightcometogetheragain,soheheldheavenupwithhishandsandputhisfeetdownontheland.Eachday,heavengrewonezhang(around3.33meters)higher,EarthonezhangthickerandPanguonezhangtaller.Another18,000yearspassed.Heavenreacheditsfullestheight,whileEarthreacheditslowestdepth.That’sthewaytheystayedfromthenon.Pangu,too,hadbecomefullygrown.Feelingtired,Panguwentbacktosleepandneverwokeup.Hedied,andhisbodyturnedintoallthethingsweseenowintheuniverse.Hislefteyebecamethesunandhisrighteyethemoon.Hisbonesturnedintothemountains,hisfleshintothesoil,andhisbloodintotherivers.Hishairandbeardgrewintotreesandgrasses.Hisbreathturnedintothewindandclouds,hisloudvoiceintothunderboltsandhissweatintorain.Andso,theuniverseasweknowitcametobe.swing(用力揮動)beard(胡子)thunderbolts(雷電)upward向上thunderbolts(雷電)sweat(汗)flesh(肉)譯文欣賞起初，宇宙到處都是黑暗的。那時，天地像雞蛋一樣混合在一起。盤古巨人在里面睡了大約18000年，然后醒了過來。他只能看到周圍的黑暗，于是他開始揮動他的巨斧。這樣做的時候，雞蛋碎了。天地也開始破碎。蛋的較輕部分向上形成天堂，較重的部分向下形成地球。盤古擔心天地會再次結合，于是他雙手托起天，雙腳踩在地上。每天，天高一丈（約3.33米），地厚一丈，盤古高一丈。又過了18000年。天堂達到了最高點，而地球達到了最低點。從那時起，他們就一直這樣。盤古也已經(jīng)完全長大了。盤古覺得累了，又睡著了，再也沒有醒來。他死了，他的身體變成了我們現(xiàn)在看到的一切他的左眼變成了太陽，右眼變成了月亮。他的骨頭變成山，他的肉變成土，他的血變成河。他的頭發(fā)和胡子長成了樹和草。他的呼吸變成了風和云，他洪亮的聲音變成了霹靂，他的汗水變成了雨。所以，我們所知道的宇宙就這樣形成了。這篇文章不僅是一個關于宇宙起源的神話故事，更是一種文化和精神的傳承，它教導人們要有勇氣面對困難，有責任維護和諧，有智慧理解生命和宇宙的奧秘。這激勵人們在逆境中不屈不撓，勇往直前。綜合實戰(zhàn)演練（一）Doyouknowwhatdecidesyourpersonality?IntheChineselunarcalendar,thereare12animalsigns.Somepeoplebelievethatpeoplebornunderthesameanimalsignmayhavesimilarpersonalities.Forexample,theythinkthatpeoplebornintheYearoftheRabbitaremorecareful,whilepeoplebornintheYearoftheDragonareverypowerful.Inwesterncountries,ayearisdividedintoacycleof12starsigns.Yourstarsigndependsonyourdateofbirth.Somepeoplebelievethatyourstarsignmaydecideyourpersonality.Doanimalsignsorstarsignsreallytellanythingaboutyourpersonality?No,notreally.Ifyouareinterestedineitheranimalsignsorstarsigns,readaboutthemjustforfun.Itisyouwhoshapeyourlifeandyourfuture.__________Personalityincludesyourthoughts,feelingsandbehaviorswhichmakeyoudifferentfromotherpeople.Howisyourpersonalityformed?Mostpeoplebelievethatitisformedbybothnatureandtheenvironment.__________Someaspects(方面)ofyourpersonalityarepassedontoyoubyyourparents,forexample,livelinessandimpatience.Thatiswhypeoplesay“l(fā)ikefather,likeson”.Sometimesthesepersonalitiesdonotchangeandremainthesamethroughoutyourlife.__________Theenvironment,includingyoureducation,yourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundyou,canchangeyourpersonality.Forexample,youmaybecomeconfidentifyousuccessfullycompleteadifficulttaskthroughhardwork.Thatishowyourexperienceinfluencesyourpersonality.1.Whydopeoplesay“l(fā)ikefather,likeson”?A.Becauseyourstarsignoranimalsigndecidesyourpersonality.B.Becauseyourexperiencemakesyouthesameasyourparents.C.Becausesomeaspectsofyourpersonalityarepassedontoyoubyyourparents.D.Becausepeoplearoundandyoureducationinfluenceyourpersonality.2.Whichexampleshowshowexperiencesinfluencepeople’spersonalityaccordingtothepassage?A.SomeChinesethinkpeoplebornintheYearoftheRabbitaremorecareful.B.SomeWesternpeoplethinktheirstarsignsdependontheirdatesofbirth.C.Somepeoplearebornlivelyorimpatient,justliketheirfathers.D.Somepeoplebecomeconfidentaftertheycompleteadifficulttasksuccessfully.3.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?A.Allthesepersonalitieswillbechangedthroughoutyourlifeallthetime.B.AllpeopleinWesterncountriesbelievetheirstarsignsdecidetheirpersonalities.C.AllChinesebelievepeoplebornunderthesameanimalsignhavesimilarpersonalities.D.Allyoureducation,yourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundyoumaychangeyourpersonality.4.Matchthetitlewitheachpart.a.Dependsonyourdateofbirthb.Howisyourpersonalityformed?c.Bytheenvironmentd.Bynaturee.ByanimalsignsorstarsignsA.①-a，②-b，③-c B.①-b，②-d，③-cC.①-a，②-c，③-e D.①-b，②-e，③-d5.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthepassage?A.Life. B.Nature. C.Animal. D.Health.【答案】1.C2.D3.D4.B5.A【解析】本文主要介紹了一些決定性格的因素。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Someaspects(方面)ofyourpersonalityarepassedontoyoubyyourparents,forexample,livelinessandimpatience.Thatiswhypeoplesay‘likefather,likeson’.”可知，你性格的某些方面是由你的父母遺傳給你的，所以人們說“有其父必有其子”。故選C。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Forexample,youmaybecomeconfidentifyousuccessfullycompleteadifficulttaskthroughhardwork.Thatishowyourexperienceinfluencesyourpersonality.”可知，如果你通過努力工作成功地完成了一項艱巨的任務，你可能會變得自信起來，這就是你的經(jīng)歷如何影響你的個性。故選D。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theenvironment,includingyoureducation,yourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundyou,canchangeyourpersonality.”可知，環(huán)境，包括你的教育、你的經(jīng)歷和你周圍的人，可以改變你的個性。故選D。4.最佳標題題。根據(jù)“Mostpeoplebelievethatitisformedbybothnatureandtheenvironment”可知，①介紹了性格是如何形成的，b符合；根據(jù)“Someaspects(方面)ofyourpersonalityarepassedontoyoubyyourparents,forexample,livelinessandimpatience.”可知，②介紹了你性格的某些方面是由你的父母遺傳給你的，d符合；根據(jù)“Theenvironment,includingyoureducation,yourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundyou”可知，③介紹了環(huán)境對性格的影響，c符合。故選B。5.推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了一些決定性格的因素，所以文章可能是雜志的生活部分。故選A。（二）HuangYongyu,oneofChina’smostproductive(高產(chǎn)的)andbest-knownartistsinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury,diedonJune13,2023.Hewas99.Huangwastakenasalegendaryfigure(傳奇人物)inChineseartanddesign.Self-taughttopaintandwrite,hisworksincludedwoodcuts(木刻),inkpainting(水墨畫),literatureanddesigningstamps.Huang’sartisticabilitycamefromhisnevergivingup,self-learningandexperiencestakingondifferentjobsinhisearlyyearsaswellastraveling.FromFenghuang,Hunanprovince,andbeingamemberoftheTujiaethnic(少數(shù)民族的)group,Huangdroppedoutofschoolbecauseofmoneytroubles.Atage14,helefthishometownandtraveledacrossthecountrytomakealiving.Heworkedatceramic(陶瓷)workshops,taughtatprimaryschools,designedtheaterprops(道具)andmadeartformagazines.Thesejobsgothimmoneyandlethimdevelophisskillsforhisfuturecareer(事業(yè))asanartist.HisgiftandhardworkwonhimrecognitionfromXuBeihong,formerdeanoftheCentralAcademyofFineArtsinBeijing,whoinvitedHuangtobeaprofessor(教授)attheschoolintheearly1950s.HuangbecameahouseholdnamewithhisChineseNewYearstamps,includingthe“GoldenMonkey”,andtheYearoftheRabbitstamps.InJanuary2023,heonceagainshowedhiscreativitybydesigningabluerabbitzodiac(生肖)stamp.Huangoncesaid:“Ihaveachievedlittleinmylifetime.Ididn’treceivemuchformaleducation.ButIdarednotlivealifewithoutanaimorinlaziness.”1.WhenwasHuangYongyuborn?A.In1913.B.In1923.C.In1924.D.In1938.2.WhichistherightorderofHuang’sexperiences?a.Hetaughtatprimaryschools.b.Heworkedasaprofessorataschool.c.Hedesignedabluerabbitzodiacstamp.d.Hetraveledacrossthecountrytomakealiving.A.a→b→c→dB.c→b→d→aC.b→a→c→dD.d→a→b→c3.WhatcanwelearnaboutHuangYongyuaccordingtothepassage?A.Heusedallhismoneytohelphisfamily.B.Hehadastrongwillandnevergaveup.C.Hewasastudentofanexcellentteacher.D.HewastheteacherofXuBeihong.4.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toencourageustobeartists.B.Totellustogotoworkasearlyaspossible.C.TointroduceHuangYongyu’sfamouswork.D.TointroduceHuangYongyu’slifeandcareer.【答案】CDBD【解析】1.C根據(jù)文章中提到的“HuangYongyu,oneofChina’smostproductiveandbest-knownartistsinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury,diedonJune13,2023.Hewas99.”可知黃永玉在2023年去世時99歲，因此他應該出生于1924年。2.D文章中提到黃永玉14歲離開家鄉(xiāng)開始四處奔波謀生，之后在陶瓷作坊工作、在小學教書、設計劇場道具和為雜志創(chuàng)作藝術作品。這些經(jīng)歷使他獲得了錢財并為將來的藝術家事業(yè)打下了基礎。后來，他因其天賦和努力獲得了徐悲鴻的認可，被邀請成為中央美術學院的教授。黃永玉因設計中國新年郵票而家喻戶曉，包括“金猴”和“兔年”郵票。2023年1月，他再次展示了他的創(chuàng)造力，設計了藍色兔子生肖郵票。因此，正確的順序是d→a→b→c。3.B文章中提到黃永玉的藝術才能來自于他從不放棄、自學和經(jīng)歷不同的工作，以及旅行。他曾說：“我一生中取得的成就很少。我沒有接受過多少正規(guī)教育。但我不敢過沒有目標或懶惰的生活?！边@表明他有很強的意志力，從不放棄。4.D整篇文章主要介紹了黃永玉的生平和事業(yè)，包括他的藝術創(chuàng)作、教育背景、工作經(jīng)歷以及他的一些著名作品。因此，文章的目的是介紹黃永玉的生活和事業(yè)。（三）Peoplegettrulyhappyandsuccessfulbytryingtobethemselves.Notontheoutside—ontheinside.It’snotaboutabrand（品牌）oracharacter.It’sabouttruth.Whoyoureallyare.Itsoundssimple,Iknow.Theproblemis,it’sveryhardtodo,ittakesalotofwork,anditcantakealifetimetounderstandwhoyouare.Nothingworthdoinginlifeisevereasy.Ifyouwanttodogreatwork,it’sgoingtotakealotofhardworktodoit.Andyou’regoingtohavetobreakoutofyourcomfortzone（舒適區(qū)）.Butyouknow,youcan’tthinkofabetterwaytospendyourlife.Imean,what’slifeforifnotfindingyourselfandtryingtobecomethebest,thetruestversion（版本）ofyouthatyoucanbe?That’swhatSteveJobsmeantwhenhesaidthisinaspeechatStanfordUniversity:Yourtimeislimited（有限的）,sodon’twasteitlivingsomeoneelse’slife.Don`tletthenoiseofothers‘opinionsdrownoutyourowninnervoice.Youhavetotrustthatthepointswillsomehowconnectinyourfuture.Youhavetotrustinsomething—yourheart,luck,life,whatever.Thiswayhasneverletmedown,andithasmadeallthedifferenceinmylife.Theonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaven’tfoundityet,keeplooking.Don’tsettle.Notonlythat,butwhatJobswastalkingaboutandwhatI’mtalkingaboutrequirefocusandhardwork,twothingsthatareveryhardtocomebythesedays.Unlessyoutakeonthechallengeandstartuptheroadtoself-discovery,ornothingwillbeachieved.Whateveryoumightdiscover,allyouhavetodoistostartthejourney.1.Itis_____________foryoutofindoutwhoyoureallyare.A.simple B.difficult C.funny D.clever2.Ifyouwanttodogreatwork,youshould_____________.A.makeasmanyfriendsasyoucan B.payattentiontoyouroutsideworldC.setupyourownspecialbrand D.getawayfromcomfortzone3.WhatcanweknowfromSteveJobs’speech?A.Trytobecomeafamousperson. B.Makefulluseofourtime.C.Earnalotofmoneyandenjoylife. D.Spendnotimeinplaying.4.Whatunderlinedword“settle”inthepassagemeans“_____________”.A.stop B.return C.forget D.complete5.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ToMoveForwardorStepBack B.ToBeHappyorSuccessfulC.HowtoBeYourselfTruly D.HowtoStartOurJourney【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.A5.C【解析】文章主要論述真正成功幸福的人是因為他們盡自己最大的努力成為最真實的自己。如果你也有此想法，就從做真實的自己開始。1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Theproblemis,it’sveryhardtodo,ittakesalotofwork,anditcantakealifetimetounderstandwhoyouare.”可知，這很難做到，需要大量的工作，而且要花一輩子的時間才能了解你是誰。由此推知，很難找到真正的自己，故選B。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifyouwanttodogreatwork,it’sgoingtotakealotofhardworktodoit.Andyou’regoingtohavetobreakoutofyourcomfortzone（舒適區(qū)）.”可知，如果你想做大事，就要遠離你的舒適區(qū)，故選D。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Yourtimeislimited（有限的）,sodon’twasteitlivingsomeoneelse’slife.”以及喬布斯的演講內(nèi)容可知，史蒂夫·喬布斯告訴我們要充分利用我們的時間，故選B。4.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Theonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.Ifyouhaven’tfoundityet,keeplooking.Don’tsettle.”可知，這里說的是做偉大工作的唯一方法就是熱愛你所做的。如果你還沒找到，繼續(xù)找。別停下來。所以單詞“settle”指的是“停止”，故選A。5.最佳標題題。根據(jù)整個文章的理解可知，主要是講述如何成為最好、最真實的自己，所以C選項符合，故選C。（四）Ishumanblood(血液)allthesame?Ofcoursenot.Bloodismadeupofdifferentparts,suchasredbloodcellswhitebloodcellsandsoon.Twochemicalmolecules(分子)ontheredbloodcellsmakepeople’sblooddifferent.Scientistsmarkonemolecule“A”andtheothermolecule“B”.Accordingtowhichandhowmanymoleculesareontheredbloodcell,scientistsdividebloodintofourtypes:A,B,ABandO.Yourbloodtypewillstaythesamethroughthewholelife.Scientistshavefoundthatpeoplewiththesamebloodtypemayhavethingsincommon.PeoplewithtypeA:Theylookpeacefulfromtheoutside.Buttheyasksomuchofthemselvesthattheymaybeverynervousinside.Theybecomehappyorsadeasily.Theycaneasilywinpeople’strust.PeoplewithtypeB:Theyhavestrongminds.Oncetheybeginataskandmakeuptheirmindstodoit,theywillnotgiveupeasily.Andtheywanttodothingsintheirownway.PeoplewithtypeAB:Maybetheyarethestrangestamongallbloodtypes.Theycanbebothopenandshy,noisyandquietatthesametime.PeoplewithtypeO:They’reopenandgoodatmakingfriends.Theyalwaysbegintasksbutdon’talwaysfinishthemintheend.Theyhavelotsofnewideasandtheyalwaysstronglybelieveinthemselves.6.________make(s)people’sblooddifferent.A.Twochemicalmoleculesontheredbloodcells B.TwochemicalmoleculesonthewhitebloodcellsC.Theirdifferentkindsofpersonalities D.Thenumberofpeople’sbloodcells7.Aperson’sbloodtype________.A.canbechangedwhenhegrowsup B.decideswhathisjobisC.willneverchangethroughhislife D.decideswhatkindoffriendshewillmake8.Ifapersonhasastrongmind,whichbloodmightheorshebewith?A.TypeA. B.TypeB. C.TypeAB. D.TypeO.9.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.People’sPersonalitiesDependonManyThings B.TrytoMakeFriendswithMorePeopleC.HowtoDividepeople’sbloodandPersonalities D.DifferentbloodTypeshavedifferentPersonalities【答案】6.A7.C8.B9.D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。主要對人類血型的劃分，以及不同血型的人所具有的不同性格進行了具體介紹。6.細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：________使得人的血液不盡相同。根據(jù)第一段第四句“Twochemicalmolecules(分子)ontheredbloodcellsmakepeople’sblooddifferent.”可知是紅細胞上的兩個化學分子。故選A。7.細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：一個人的血型________。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Yourbloodtypewillstaythesamethroughthewholelife.”可知答案。故選C。8.細節(jié)理解題。題干意為：如果一個人有堅強的意志，他/她可能是哪個血型？根據(jù)TypeB中的描述“PeoplewithtypeB:Theyhavestrongminds.”可知B血型的人有堅強的意志。故選B。9.最佳標題題。題干意為：文章的最佳標題是什么？整體瀏覽全文并結合每段內(nèi)容可知主要講述血型的劃分、血型與性格的聯(lián)系。故選D。（五）Makingagoodjobchoiceisalmostasgoodaschoosingagoodlife.Sochoosingajobisoneofthemostimportantdecisionstomakeinlife.Formyjob,therearethreeimportantthingsthatIwillconsider:ThefirstoneisthatImustworkinanareaIlike.It’sthemostimportanttome.Someoneoncesaidifyoufindajobthatyouenjoy,thenyouwon’thavetoworkanotherday.IwouldliketoworkinanareawhereIcanbemorecreative.Iwouldliketobethemostvaluablememberthere.AllthisispossibleonlyifIlikewhatIdo.Thesecondoneisthattheareaofmyworkmustleadmetosolvesomenewandhardproblems.Iwouldliketostayinthesameareaforalongtime.Sotheworkmustprovideenoughproblems.Ienjoytryingmybestforthewholeprogress.Morethanjustworkingtolive.Ofcourse,Iwouldalsoliketobewellremuneratedformyhardwork,soIcanleadacomfortablelifewiththishard-wonmoney.ThenIcanprovidethebestformyfamily.ThethirdimportantthingisthatIwouldliketoworkinanareathatwouldhelpotherpeople.Theworkinmymindisinfieldssuchasthearmy,trainingormanagement.Insuchareas,Icanhelptodeveloptheabilitiesofothersandbringouttheirbest.Itwouldbeamostsatisfyingjobtohelpyoungpeopletobecomethebestthattheycanbe.Iaccepttheideathatnooneshouldmakeachoiceofajobsuddenlyorquickly.Heshoulddecidewhathewantstobeinthelongrun.Then,heshoulddecidehowheworkstowardsit.Heshouldstudythepropercourses,readthebooksandspeaktoknowledgeablepersonsinthatfieldbeforemakingajobchoice.Agoodchoicewillmostprobablyleadtoabetterlife.1.Whatcanagoodjobchoiceprobablyhelppeopledoaccordingtothepassage?A.Solvefewerproblems.B.Providemoretime.C.Meetknowledgeablepersons.D.Chooseagoodlife.2.Whydoesthewriterconsideranenjoyablejobmostimportant?A.Becauseitcanmakehimmorecreative.B.Becauseitcanprovidethebestforhisfamily.C.Becausehehaschancestohelpothers.D.Becausehehaschancestostudypropercourses.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“remunerated”meaninthepassage?A.Trained. B.Praised. C.Accepted. D.Paid.4.Whatshouldwedobeforemakingajobchoiceinthewriter’sopinion?A.Becomeaknowledgeableperson.B.Jointhearmytobecomeabetterperson.C.Makepreparationstofindasatisfyingjob.D.Helpyoungpeopletochooseaninterestingjob.5.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.MyJobChoice B.MyFavouriteJobC.MyComfortableLife D.MySenseofSatisfaction【答案】1.D2.A3.D4.C5.A【解析】本文主要講述了選擇工作的重要性以及作者對工作選擇的三個重要考慮因素。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Makingajobisasagoodchoosingaisofmostdecisionsmakelife.”可知，一個好的工作選擇大概能幫助人們選擇好的生活。故選D。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“IwouldliketoworkinanareawhereIcanbemorecreative.Iwouldliketobethemostvaluablememberthere.”可知，因為這樣可以讓他更有創(chuàng)造力。故選A。3.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Ofcourse,Iwouldalsoliketobewellremuneratedformyhardwork,soIcanleadacomfortablelifewiththishard-wonmoney.”可知，希望辛苦的工作能得到良好的回報，這樣就能用這些辛苦掙來的錢過上舒適的生活。劃線單詞remunerated意為“給予報酬”，與“paid”近義。故選D。4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Heshouldstudythepropercourses,readthebooksandspeaktoknowledgeablepersonsinthatfieldbeforemakingajobchoice.”可知，在選擇工作之前，他應該學習合適的課程、閱讀書籍并與該領域的知識淵博的人交談，即要為找到一份滿意的工作做好準備。故選C。5.最佳標題題。根據(jù)“Makingagoodjobchoiceisalmostasgoodaschoosingagoodlife.Sochoosingajobisoneofthemostimportantdecisionstomakeinlife.”及通讀全文后可知，本文主要講述了選擇工作的重要性以及作者對工作選擇的三個重要考慮因素，所以文章以選項A“我的工作選擇”為標題最合適。故選A。（六）請閱讀下面的非連續(xù)性文本，按要求完成所給任務，并將答案寫在相應的位置上。Doyouknowwhatdecidesyourpersonality（性格）?Somepeoplebelievethatpeoplebornunderthesameanimalsignmayhavesimilarpersonalities.Forexample,theythinkthatpeoplebornintheYearoftheOx（牛）areveryhard-working.WhilepeoplebornintheYearoftheDragonareverypowerful.IntheChineselunarcalendar,thereare12animalsigns.Eachofthemrepresentsalunaryear.Theyappearinafixedorderandthecyclerepeatsevery12years.Mouse:smartHorse:livelyOx:hard-workingSheep:gentleTiger:braveMonkey:cleverRabbit:carefulRooster:practicalDragon:powerfulDog:loyalSnake:wisePig:honestInwesterncountries,ayearisdividedintoacycleof12starsigns.Yourstarsigndependsonyourdateofbirth.Somepeoplebelievethatyourstarsignmaydecideyourpersonality.Doanimalsignsorstarsignsreallytellanythingaboutyourpersonality?No,notreally.Ifyouareinterestedineitheranimalsignsorstarsigns,readaboutthemjustforfun.Itisyouwhoshapeyourlifeandyourfuture.Howisyourpersonalityformed?Personalityincludesyourthoughts,feelingsandbehaviorswhichmakeyoudifferentfromotherpeople.Howisyourpersonalityformed?Mostpeoplebelievethatitisformedbybothnatureandtheenvironment.BynatureSomeaspectsofyourpersonalityarepassedontoyoubyyourparents,forexample,livelinessandimpatience.Thatiswhypeoplesay"likefather,likeson".Sometimes,thesepersonalitiesdonotchangeandremainthesamethroughoutyourlife.ByenvironmentTheenvironment,includingyourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundyou,canchangeyourpersonality.Forexample,youmaybecomeconfidentifyousuccessfullycompleteadifficulttaskthroughhardwork.Thatishowyourexperienceinfluencesyourpersonality.1.PleasetranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.2.Doanimalsignsorstarsignsreallytellanythingaboutyourpersonality?3.Fromthepassage,howisyourpersonalityformed?4.Whatcanchangeyourpersonality?5.Doyouthinkyourpersonalityisformedbynatureorbyenvironment?Whataboutyourpersonality?【答案】1.他們認為出生在牛年的人非常勤奮。2.No,theydon’t.3.Bybothnatureandenvironment.4.Theenvironmentincludingmy/ourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundme/us.5.Yes.言之有理即對。【解析】本文主要講述了有些人相信相同星座下的人有相似的性格，可是，性格是天生的或者由環(huán)境影響的。1.由句子結構可知，本句為賓語從句；“theythink”譯為“他們認為”；“bornintheYearoftheOx”作為“people”的定語，譯為“出生在牛年的”；“hard-working”譯為“勤奮的”。故填：他們認為出生在牛年的人非常勤奮。2根據(jù)文中“Doanimalsignsorstarsignsreallytellanythingaboutyourpersonality?No,notreally.”可知，生肖或星座都不能說明你的性格。故填：No,theydon’t.3.根據(jù)文中“Mostpeoplebelievethatitisformedbybothnatureandtheenvironment.”可知，性格是自然和環(huán)境共同形成的。故填：Bybothnatureandenvironment.4.根據(jù)文中“Theenvironment,includingyourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundyou,canchangeyourpersonality.”可知，環(huán)境，包括我們的經(jīng)歷和我們周圍的人，可以改變我們的個性。故填：Theenvironmentincludingmy/ourexperiencesandthepeoplearoundme/us.5.根據(jù)文中“Mostpeoplebelievethatitisformedbybothnatureandtheenvironment.”可知，性格是自然和環(huán)境共同形成的。故填:Yes.（七）DearCarla,MyEnglishteacherhastoldmethatyouarelookingforapenfriend,soI’mwritingtointroducemyselftoyou.I’mFangWeijun,myEnglishnameisFrancis.I’m14yearsoldandIliveinShanghai.Iam1.63meterstall,butIamstillgrowing.Iamnowaneighth-graderatXinchengMiddleSchool.Atschool,weallhavetowearuniforms,butonFridays,wecanwearourownclothestoschool.IliketowearaT-shirtandjeans.Doyouhaveaschooluniform?Whatdoyouweartoschool?Ilivewithmyparentsandmyyoungersister.Mymotherisasecretaryforafoodcompanyandmyfatherisahighschoolscienceteacher.Mysisterisonlyeight.Ioftenhelpherwithherhomeworkandtalkwithheraboutdreams.Whatisyourfamilylike?Doyouhaveanybrothersorsisters?Asformyhobbies,Iamveryinterestedinsports.IgoforawalkeverymorningbeforeIgotoschool.Iplaybadmintontwiceaweek.Ienjoyhikingandgotothecountryparkatleastonceamonth.Inthesummer,Ioftengoswimming.Apartfromsports,Iplaythedrumsinabandwithmysisterandherfriends.Whatdoyouoftendoinyourfreetime?Ihavetohelpwiththedishesafterdinner.Ialsohelpmyparentskeepourflatclean.Whatdoyouhavetodotohelpoutaroundyourhouse?Ihopeyouwillwritebacksoon.IhavealwayswantedtohaveapenfriendfromAfrica.IwouldliketoknowallaboutSouthAfrica.Sincerely,Francis1.WhatcanweknowaboutFangWeijun?A.Hewasbornin2007. B.Heismorethan1.7meterstall.C.HeisastudentfromGradeEight. D.Hehastowearuniformsonweekdays.2.HowmanypeoplearethereinFangWeijun’sfamily?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.3.FangWeijun________atleastonceamonth.A.helpshissisterwithherhomework B.goesforawalkC.playsbadmintonwithhisfriends D.enjoyshiking4.FangWeijunwritesthelettermainlyto________.A.introducehimselftoCarla B.tellCarlaabouthisfamilyC.findapenfriendfromAmerica D.finishhishomework5.Wecanlearnfromtheletterthat________.A.FanghasbeentoAfrica B.CarlaisfromSouthAmericaC.Fang’ssistercanplaythedrums D.Fang’smotherworksinaschool【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.A5.C【解析】本文是方文君寫給卡拉的信。在信中，方文君介紹了自己及家庭情況。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Iamnowaneighth-grader”可知，方文君是八年級的學生。故選C。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ilivewithmyparentsandmyyoungersister.”可知，方文君家中有父母、妹妹和自己，共四口人。故選B。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ienjoyhikingandgotothecountryparkatleastonceamonth.”可知，方文君一個月至少一次徒步旅行。故選D。4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“MyEnglishteacherhastoldmethatyouarelookingforapenfriend,soI’mwritingtointroducemyselftoyou”可知，方文君寫這封信主要是為了向卡拉介紹自己。故選A。5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Iplaythedrumsinabandwithmysisterandherfriends”可知，方文君會和妹妹打鼓；故他的妹妹會打鼓。故選C。（八）Idecidedat10thatIwasgoingtobeateacherbecauseIhadaburningdesireforsuperpowers.Asaboy,Icouldclearlyseesomeofmyteachershadsuchpowers.TherewasanEnglishteacherinfifthgradewhocouldmagicallytakeustodifferentworldseverydaybytellingusstoriesandreadingtousfrombookswewouldotherwiseneverpickup.Thiswasoursecretandfuntimebecausefifthgraderswereconsideredtoooldtohavestoriesreadouttothem.Itwasevenshockingthatmyteachercouldseethehidden.Iwasoneofthosewhohadnoinsight(洞察力),yetmyteacherwouldnoticemeandtheunspokenmessageinhereyessuggestedthatshecouldseemethrough.Shehadanothersuperpowerandevenafterfortyyears,Icouldstillrememberherlessonsaboutthegreatmastersofartandgreatgeographers.Shedidthiseventhoughhermajor(專業(yè))wasneitherartnorgeography.Herlessonswentbeyondthetextbook.IknewIwantedtobeoneofthoseall-seeingoneswithsuperpowersthatmadechildrenfeelsafeandvalued.Iknowbeingateacherisn’ttheeasiestorthemostfinanciallyrewarding(經(jīng)濟回報)ofjobs.Andtherearejobrisks—yourkneescanbecomewornoutfromyearsofcarryingpilesofnotebooksupanddowntheschoolsteps,andyourvoicecansufferfromtoomuchtalking.Evenso,therearestillthosechoosingthisjob.Tothem,teachingisnotjustajob,butascience,anartanditrequireslotsofeffort.Allmylife,forthirtyyearsnow,I’vegonetoworkearlyeachdaywithaspringinmystep.Sometimes,Imeetmyformerstudents.Theirloveformeandsweetmemoriesofourtimetogetheraremyrewards.WhenImeetotherswhothirstforsuperpowers,likeanewteachertryingtoperfectherskillswithabravefaceon,or