四川省成都市蓉城名校聯(lián)盟2025屆高三上學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)合診斷性考試英語(yǔ)試卷含答案

四川省高三年級(jí)第一次聯(lián)合診斷性考試英語(yǔ)考試時(shí)間120分鐘，滿分150分注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必在答題卡上將自己的姓名、座位號(hào)和考籍號(hào)用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆填寫清楚，考生考試條形碼由監(jiān)考老師粘貼在答題卡上的“貼條形碼區(qū)”。2.選擇題使用2B鉛筆填涂在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目標(biāo)號(hào)的位置上，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦擦干凈后再填涂其它答案；非選擇題用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆在答題卡的對(duì)應(yīng)區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域答題的答案無(wú)效；在草稿紙上、試卷上答題無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后由監(jiān)考老師將答題卡收回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Packtheirclothes.B.Phoneforataxi.C.Lockthesuitcase.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Storehisbaggage.B.Gettothewaitingroom.C.Buyanewspaper.3.Whenwillthepartyfinish?A.At11:30.B.At12:00.C.At12:30.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Afriendoftheirs.B.Amoviecharacter.C.Theirplansforthefuture.5.Whydoesthemanmixthinnerplasticandregularrubbish?AThethinnerplasticisharmless.B.Thethinnerplasticisverycheap.C.Thethinnerplasticisnon-recyclable.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后都有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第六段材料，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Oldclassmates.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.7.Whatdidthemandolastyear?A.Heworkedinafilm.B.HeactedinmanyTVdramas.C.Hewenttoanoperaschool.聽第七段材料，回答第8和第9兩個(gè)小題。8.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Alongaroad.B.Atagarage.C.Atagasstation.9.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Listentoherbrother.B.Callsomeoneforhelp.C.Buyacarwithmanyfunctions.聽第八段材料，回答第10至第13四個(gè)小題。10.Whathasthemanbeenplanningtodothesedays?A.Raisemoneyfortheanimalshelter.B.Adoptsomehomelessanimals.C.Supportlocalartists.11.Whatisthewoman’sattitudetowardstheman’sidea?AUnconcerned.B.Doubtful.C.Supportive.12.Whichfundraisingactiondothespeakersfinalize?A.Anartsaleevent.B.Abakesaleevent.C.Afunrun.13.Whatwillthewomando?A.Donatesomemoney.B.Drawsomepaintingsoftheanimals.C.Contactlocalbusinessesforsponsorship.聽第九段材料，回答第14至第17四個(gè)小題。14.Whichtrainingdidthemanfindstrangeatfirst?A.Operatingthespaceship.B.Experiencingweightlessness.C.Dealingwithemergencies.15.Howdidthemandescribethelifeinthespaceship?A.Eatingwasthebiggestproblem.B.Thesoundwasquitefrightening.C.Itwasnotasdifficultasexpected.16.Whatwasthemainpurposeoftheman’sspacetrip?A.Todoexperimentsonmedicine.B.TostudyabouttheEarth.C.Tostudyouterspace.17.Whatisthemandoingnow?A.Teachingscience.B.Doingspaceresearch.C.Promotingtheteachingofscience.聽第十段材料，回答第18至第20三個(gè)小題。18.WhodidthespeakergototheAICanteenwith?A.Afamilymember.B.Alocalfriend.C.Abusinesspartner.19.WhatisonedisadvantageoftheCommunityAICanteen?A.Itlackshumanemotions.B.Itincreasescheckouttime.C.Itprovidesfewerchoices.20.HowmanypeoplecantheAIsystemserveinaday?A.100.B.200.C.300.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABecomeanEnglishTeacherwithBabylanguesinParis!DoyouspeakEnglishwell?Areyouulookingforapart-timejobinParis?JoinBabylanguesasanEnglishteacherandgainvaluableexperience!JobInformation:·Position:EnglishTeacher·Location:ParisandothercitiesinFrance·Pay:14.10€~23.50€perhour·Type:Part-timeWhatYouWillDo:Asateacher,youwillhelpchildrenlearnEnglishthroughdailyactivities.Youwill:·Pickthemupfromschool·Playgameswith-theminthepark·ReadstoriestothemThesefunactivitieshelpchildrenlearnEnglishnaturally.Youwillteachthemnewwordsandhelpthemspeakbetter.ThegoalistomakelearningEnglishenjoyableandeasyforthechildren.Benefits:·Flexiblehoursthatfityourschedule·Ongoingtrainingtohelpyouteachwell·Goodpaywithpossibletravelbonus·FreeFrenchclassestolearnthelocallanguage·ExperienceFrenchculturebylivingwithalocalfamily·Meetnewfriendsfromothercountries·HelpwithlivinginFrance·Astablepart-timejobcontract·Sometravelcostspaidback·GainpracticalteachingexperienceHowtoApply:Ifyouwanttojoin,applyonlineatBabylanguesApplicationorsendusanemail.Weareexcitedtohaveyouwithus!JoinBabylanguesandenjoytherewardingexperienceofteachingEnglishwhilelivinginFrance.Itisagreatopportunitytoimproveyourteachingskillsandexploreanewculture!1.WhatareyouexpectedtodoasateacheratBabylangues?A.Sendchildrentoschool.B.Havefunwithcolleagues.C.HelpchildrenwiththeiroralEnglish.D.Organizestorywritingcontests.2.WhichofthefollowingisonebenefitfromBabylangues?A.Continuoustrainingsupport. B.Fixedworkinghours.C.CheapFrenchclasses. D.Freecompanyaccommodation.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Acareerguide. B.Acompanybrochure.C.Aneducationalcourse. D.Anonlinejobadvertisement.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了在法國(guó)Babylangues公司擔(dān)任兼職英語(yǔ)教師的職位信息、職責(zé)、福利以及申請(qǐng)方式?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章WhatYouWillDo部分中“ThesefunactivitieshelpchildrenlearnEnglishnaturally.Youwillteachthemnewwordsandhelpthemspeakbetter.(這些有趣的活動(dòng)有助于孩子們自然地學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。你會(huì)教他們新單詞，幫助他們說(shuō)得更好。)”可知，老師應(yīng)該幫助孩子們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Benefits部分中“Ongoingtrainingtohelpyouteachwell(持續(xù)培訓(xùn)，幫助你更好地教學(xué))”可知，福利里提供了持續(xù)的工作培訓(xùn)。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“JoinBabylanguesasanEnglishteacherandgainvaluableexperience!(加入我們成為一名英語(yǔ)老師，你將獲得寶貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn)！)”和倒數(shù)第二段中“Ifyouwanttojoin,applyonlineatBabylanguesApplicationorsendusanemail.(如果你想加入，請(qǐng)?jiān)贐abylanguesApplication網(wǎng)站上申請(qǐng)或給我們發(fā)電子郵件。)”可知，整個(gè)語(yǔ)篇是一個(gè)在線招聘信息。故選D。B“Wearelikeoneartist,”saysGustavoPandolfo.HisidenticaltwinbrotherOtavionodsinagreement,adding,“Thereisaconversationintheairflyingthere,butonlywecanlistentoeachother.”ThePandolfobrothersarebestknownasthetwinartists.Theirmarvelousandplayfulartworkshavegracedparks,trains,bridgesandcountlessotheroutdoorspacesaroundtheworld.Majormuseums,galleriesandprivatecollectorshaveacquiredtheirworks.Forthe2004OlympicsinAthens,theypaintedan82-foot-highgiantasadecoration.“Theseguyshaveawayofjustusingtheirimaginationtocreateallkindsofmagicalandunexpectedthings,”saysDr.NancySegal,apsychologyprofessoratCaliforniaStateUniversityFullerton.Assomeonewhostudiestwins,sheisnotsurprisedthattheconnectionbetweenGustavoandOtavioPandolfoissostrong.“ManytwinshavewhatIcallaspecialtwinculturewiththeirhabitsandwaysofdoingthingsandunderstandingthings,”shesays,“andthat’sunderstandable,becausetheyaregeneticallyalike.”ThePandolfobrotherswerebornin1974intoafamilyofartistsandartloversinS?oPaulo,Brazil’smostpopulouscity.Askids,theyspenttheirfreetimebreakdancing,DJingandlisteningtorappers.Theyalsowantedtodresslikethem.TheyonceshowedtheirgrandmotheraphotographofLLCoolJandaskedifshecouldsewthemasimilaroutfit.“Andshedidintwodays,”remembersGustavo.ButitwasthePandolfos’distinctivegraffiti(涂鴉)stylethatgainedthemartworldrecognitioninBrazilandbeyond.Eventually,theirgraffitievolvedintofull-scale,amazingillustrationsofhumancharactersandmysteriouslandscapes.Theycreateextremelythinlinesanddelicateshadows.Spraypaintisalwaysregardedasbeingsortofbigandbold,buttheygetincredibleamountofdetailandhaveamazingtechnique.“Artworkisadoorandamirror,”theyexplain,“youhavetoopenyourselfupinordertofeelit.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“graced”inParagraph2mean?A.Affected. B.Decorated.C.Transformed. D.Spoiled.5.Whydoestheauthormentionthebrothers’grandmother?A.Toemphasizetheirclosefamilyties. B.Toshowthefamily’ssupportfortheirart.C.Topraisetheirgrandmother’ssewingskills. D.Toillustratethehappinessoftheirfamily.6.Whichstatementarethebrothersmostlikelytoagreewith?A.Artisonlyunderstoodbyafewpeople. B.Creativityisthemainapproachtocreatingart.C.Skillismoreimportantthaninspirationinart. D.Opennessisthekeytoappreciatingartfully.7.Whichwordscanbestdescribethetwobrothers?A.Humorousandresponsible. B.Understandingandpersistent.C.Imaginativeandcreative. D.Individualandsympathetic.【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。這篇文章主要講了潘多爾夫雙胞胎兄弟作為藝術(shù)家很出名，他們的作品遍布世界各地，其獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格受到認(rèn)可。還提到他們出生于藝術(shù)家庭，小時(shí)候興趣廣泛，最終以獨(dú)特的涂鴉風(fēng)格獲得藝術(shù)界的關(guān)注?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Forthe2004OlympicsinAthens,theypaintedan82-foot-highgiantasadecoration.(在2004年雅典奧運(yùn)會(huì)上，他們畫了一個(gè)82英尺高的巨人作為裝飾)”；劃線詞上文“Theirmarvelousandplayfulartworkshave(他們奇妙而有趣的藝術(shù)作品)”以及后文“parks,trains,bridgesandcountlessotheroutdoorspacesaroundtheworld(世界各地的公園、火車、橋梁和無(wú)數(shù)其他戶外空間)”可知，他們的藝術(shù)作品使公園等戶外空間更加美觀，起到了裝飾作用，故劃線詞意思是“裝飾”。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ThePandolfobrotherswerebornin1974intoafamilyofartistsandartloversinS?oPaulo,Brazil’smostpopulouscity.Askids,theyspenttheirfreetimebreakdancing,DJingandlisteningtorappers.Theyalsowantedtodresslikethem.TheyonceshowedtheirgrandmotheraphotographofLLCoolJandaskedifshecouldsewthemasimilaroutfit.“Andshedidintwodays,”remembersGustavo.(潘多爾夫兄弟于1974年出生在巴西人口最多的城市S?oPaulo的一個(gè)藝術(shù)家和藝術(shù)愛好者家庭。小時(shí)候，他們?cè)诳臻e時(shí)間跳霹靂舞、打DJ、聽饒舌歌手的歌。他們也想穿得像他們一樣。有一次，他們給祖母看了一張LLCoolJ的照片，問(wèn)她能不能給他們縫一套類似的衣服?！八趦商靸?nèi)就做好了，”古斯塔沃回憶道)”可知，作者提到了兄弟倆的祖母是為了表示家庭對(duì)他們藝術(shù)的支持。故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Artworkisadoorandamirror,”theyexplain,“youhavetoopenyourselfupinordertofeelit.”(“藝術(shù)是一扇門和一面鏡子，”他們解釋說(shuō)，“你必須敞開心扉才能感受到它?！?”可知，兄弟倆認(rèn)為敞開心扉是充分欣賞藝術(shù)的關(guān)鍵。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theseguyshaveawayofjustusingtheirimaginationtocreateallkindsofmagicalandunexpectedthings(這些家伙有一種利用他們的想象力創(chuàng)造各種神奇和意想不到的東西的方法)”可知，兄弟倆富有想象力；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Theycreateextremelythinlinesanddelicateshadows.Spraypaintisalwaysregardedasbeingsortofbigandbold,buttheygetincredibleamountofdetailandhaveamazingtechnique.(他們創(chuàng)造出極細(xì)的線條和細(xì)膩的陰影。噴漆總是被認(rèn)為是大而大膽的，但他們得到了令人難以置信的大量細(xì)節(jié)和驚人的技術(shù))”可知，他們的作品從獨(dú)特的涂鴉風(fēng)格發(fā)展成大規(guī)模、令人驚嘆的人物和神秘風(fēng)景插畫，且能運(yùn)用噴漆創(chuàng)造出極細(xì)的線條、微妙的陰影和大量細(xì)節(jié)，也體現(xiàn)了他們的創(chuàng)造力。故選C。CChinahasmaderemarkableachievementsinspaceexploration.TheChinaMannedSpaceAgency（CMSA）aimstolanditsastronautsonthemoonbefore2030andhasrecentlyshownthespacesuittheyplantouse.However,thenameofthesuitisstillupintheair.AsreportedbySpaceNews,theCMSArevealedtheirnewextravehicular（艙外的）activity（EVA）spacesuitataneventonSeptember28inChongqing,China.ThesuitwasmodeledbyWangYaping,China’ssecondwomaninspace,andZhaiZhigang,anotherastronaut.Thepresentationmainlyfocusedonthesuit’souterfeatures.Inparticular,thenewsuitisslimmerandlighterthantheCMSA’searlierFeitianEVAsuitusedforlowEarthorbit.Itiscoveredinaprotectivefabrictoguardagainstextremetemperaturesandlunardust.Thesuitsalsohaveawide-ranging,non-reflectiveshield（防護(hù)）andbothshortandlongfocuslengthcameras.Unliketheearliersuits,theselunarsuitsallowformuchmoreflexibilitywhilemovingonthemoon.Apartfromthepracticalities,representativesexplainedthataesthetics（美學(xué)）werealsoimportantduringthedesignphase.Theappearanceofthenewspacesuitwasemphasized.AccordingtoCNN,themainlywhitespacesuitshaveredstripesontheirupperpartsinspiredbythe“flyingapsaras”fromancientChineseart.“Thestripesonthelegsaredesignedtolooklike‘rocketlaunchflames,’representingastrong-willedanddeterminedspirit,andthat’sthekey.”asZhangWanxin,directoroftheCMSA’sengineeringoffice,toldChina’sCCTV.Thisweekend’sannouncementalsosawtheCMSAofficialstaskthenationwithhelpingnamethenewsuits,whichwillbechosenlater.ThisnotonlyshowsChina’sremarkableachievementsinspaceexplorationbutalsoreflectsitsculturalprideandrapidadvancesinscienceandtechnology.ByintegratingtraditionalChineseculturalelementsintomoderntechnology,Chinashowcasesitsuniquecharmandgreatpowertotheworld.Meanwhile,thepublicnaminginitiativeencouragescitizenstoengagewiththespaceprogram,creatingacloserlinkbetweenthespaceandthepeople.8.Whatisoneadvantageofthenewspacesuit?A.Itismoreuser-friendly. B.Itismorecost-effective.C.Itismorepressure-resistant. D.Itismoredust-proof.9.Whyistheappearanceemphasizedinthenewdesign?A.Tofollowtheinternationaltrend. B.Toadjustthelunarenvironment.C.TohighlightChineseculturalelements. D.Todownplaytheaestheticvalue.10.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thetechnicaldescriptionsofthenewspacesuits.B.TheculturalpridebehindChina’sspaceexploration.C.ThefutureprospectoftheChinaMannedSpaceAgency.D.Theinternationaldevelopmentinspacetechnology.11Whatisthewritingpurposeofthetext?A.ToreportChina’sexplorationprogressandnewspacesuit.B.TointroducethemanufacturingprocessofnewspacesuitoftheCMSA.C.Toinvolvemorepeopleinthepublicnaminginitiative.D.TosummarizeChina’ssignificantachievement.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。本文報(bào)道了中國(guó)在太空探索方面取得的顯著成就，特別是中國(guó)載人航天局（CMSA）計(jì)劃在2030年前將宇航員送上月球，并展示了他們計(jì)劃使用的太空服。整體而言，本文展示了中國(guó)在太空探索領(lǐng)域的實(shí)力和文化自信。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段最后一句“Unliketheearliersuits，theselunarsuitsallowformuchmoreflexibilitywhilemovingonthemoon.(與早期的宇航服不同，這些月球宇航服在月球上移動(dòng)時(shí)具有更大的靈活性)”可知，新的太空服在月球上移動(dòng)時(shí)具有更大的靈活性，因此更加人性化（user-friendly）。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段中的“AccordingtoCNN，themainlywhitespacesuitshaveredstripesontheirupperpartsinspiredbythe‘flyingapsaras’fromancientChineseart.(據(jù)美國(guó)有線電視新聞網(wǎng)報(bào)道，這些以白色為主的宇航服上半部分有紅色條紋，靈感來(lái)自中國(guó)古代藝術(shù)中的“飛天”。)”可知，新的太空服外觀設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)調(diào)突出了中國(guó)文化元素。故選C。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章最后一段第一句“ThisnotonlyshowsChina’sremarkableachievementsinspaceexplorationbutalsoreflectsitsculturalprideandrapidadvancesinscienceandtechnology.(這不僅展示了中國(guó)在太空探索方面取得的顯著成就，也反映了中國(guó)的文化自豪感和科學(xué)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展。)”可知，該段主要講述了中國(guó)太空探索背后的文化自豪感。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段的“Chinahasmaderemarkableachievementsinspaceexploration.TheChinaMannedSpaceAgency

（CMSA）aimstolanditsastronautsonthemoonbefore2030andhasrecentlyshownthespacesuittheyplantouse.

(中國(guó)在太空探索方面取得了顯著成就。中國(guó)載人航天局（CMSA）的目標(biāo)是在2030年之前將宇航員送上月球，最近展示了他們計(jì)劃使用的宇航服。)”以及最后一段第一句“ThisnotonlyshowsChina’sremarkableachievementsinspaceexplorationbutalsoreflectsitsculturalprideandrapidadvancesinscienceandtechnology.(這不僅展示了中國(guó)在太空探索方面取得的顯著成就，也反映了中國(guó)的文化自豪感和科學(xué)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展。)”可知，文章旨在報(bào)道中國(guó)在太空探索方面的進(jìn)展和新的太空服。故選A。DReducingcalorieintakemayleadtoathinnerbodyandalongerlife.Peopleusuallythinkitisbecauseofweightlossandmetabolic(新陳代謝)changesfromeatingless.Butarecentstudyondietlimitsinlaboratoryanimalschallengesthistraditionalview.Tostudyhowdietworks,researchersobserved960mice.Thesemiceweregeneticallydifferent,likehumans.Somemicehadcalorie-limiteddiets,somefasted(禁食的)regularly,andothersateastheyliked.Itwasfoundthatdietswithrestrictedcaloriescausedweightlossandmetabolicchanges.However,factorslikeimmunehealth,genes,andthebody’sabilitytobearstressseemtobetterexplainthelinkbetweenfewercaloriesandalongerlife.GaryChurchill,amouseresearcher,said,“Metabolicchangesareimportant,buttheydon’tdirectlyleadtoalongerlife.”O(jiān)therscientiststhinkthisshowshowcomplicatedthebody’sresponsetocaloriereduction.Cuttingcaloriesby40%madethemicelivethelongestonaverage.Butfastingregularlyandlessstrictcalorielimitsalsoincreasedlifespan(壽命).Asisknown,dietingmicehavepositivemetabolicchangessuchaslessbodyfatandlowerbloodsugar.However,theeffectsofdietlimitsonmetabolismandlifespandidn’talwaysgotogether.Surprisingly,micethatlostthemostweightonalow-caloriedietsometimesdiedyoungerthanthosethatlostless.Thismeansthatmorethanjustmetabolismaffectshowthebodyreactstofewercalories.Immunehealthandred-blood-cellfunctionwereimportantforalongerlife.Also,thebody’soverallabilitytohandlestresswasimportant.Thefindingsmaychangehowscientiststhinkaboutdietlimitsinhumans.Inahumantrialofalow-caloriediet,researchersfoundthatitreducedmetabolicrates.Butthemousedatasuggeststhatmetabolicmeasuresmayonlyshow“healthspan”,notlifespan.ScientistEdmmanotesthatthestudyneedsmoreevidenceandwarnsnottodirectlyusemouseresultsforhumans,buthealsoadmitsthatthestudyshowshealthspanandlifespanaredifferent.12.Howwasthestudyconducted?ABycomparingmicewithhumanbeings.B.Bydevelopingthefeedinghabitsofmice.C.Byconductingexperimentondifferentanimals.D.Byadoptingthecontrolledexperimentmethod.13.Whatsurprisingresultdoesthestudyreveal?A.Allmicelivelongerunderdietrestriction.B.Dietingmicehavepositivemetabolicchanges.C.Regularfastinghavelittleimpactonthelifespanofmice.D.Micewithsignificantweightlosscanhaveshorterlives.14.WhatisscientistEdmma’sattitudetowardthestudy?A.Cautious. B.Critical.C.Optimistic. D.Uncaring.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Metabolism:TheKeytoaLongerLifeB.LessFood,LongerLife:TheSimpleSolutionC.DietandLifespan:It’sMorethanMetabolismD.CalorieRestriction:WeightLossandMetabolicChange【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室動(dòng)物飲食限制的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，低卡路里攝入雖能引起體重減輕和代謝變化，但免疫健康、基因和身體承受壓力的能力等因素對(duì)長(zhǎng)壽的影響更為關(guān)鍵，這挑戰(zhàn)了傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thesemiceweregeneticallydifferent,likehumans.Somemicehadcalorie-limiteddiets,somefasted(禁食的)regularly,andothersateastheyliked.(這些老鼠的基因不同，就像人類一樣。一些老鼠限制卡路里的飲食，一些經(jīng)常禁食，而另一些則隨心所欲地吃)”可知，研究是通過(guò)控制實(shí)驗(yàn)方法進(jìn)行的，即觀察不同飲食限制下的老鼠。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Surprisingly,micethatlostthemostweightonalow-caloriedietsometimesdiedyoungerthanthosethatlostless.(令人驚訝的是，通過(guò)低熱量飲食減肥最多的老鼠有時(shí)比減肥較少的老鼠死得更早)”可知，一個(gè)令人驚訝的結(jié)果是，體重減輕最多的老鼠壽命可能更短。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ScientistEdmmanotesthatthestudyneedsmoreevidenceandwarnsnottodirectlyusemouseresultsforhumans,buthealsoadmitsthatthestudyshowshealthspanandlifespanaredifferent.(科學(xué)家Edmma指出，這項(xiàng)研究需要更多的證據(jù)，并警告不要直接將小鼠的結(jié)果用于人類，但他也承認(rèn)，這項(xiàng)研究表明健康壽命和壽命是不同的)”可知，Edmma認(rèn)為需要更多的證據(jù)來(lái)支撐該研究，不能直接將研究結(jié)果從小鼠推及人類。由此推知，他對(duì)該研究持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Reducingcalorieintakemayleadtoathinnerbodyandalongerlife.Peopleusuallythinkitisbecauseofweightlossandmetabolic(新陳代謝)changesfromeatingless.Butarecentstudyondietlimitsinlaboratoryanimalschallengesthistraditionalview.(減少卡路里的攝入可以使身體更瘦，壽命更長(zhǎng)。人們通常認(rèn)為這是因?yàn)闇p肥和少吃引起的代謝變化。但最近一項(xiàng)關(guān)于實(shí)驗(yàn)室動(dòng)物飲食限制的研究挑戰(zhàn)了這種傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn))”和第二段中“Itwasfoundthatdietswithrestrictedcaloriescausedweightlossandmetabolicchanges.However,factorslikeimmunehealth,genes,andthebody’sabilitytobearstressseemtobetterexplainthelinkbetweenfewercaloriesandalongerlife.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，限制卡路里的飲食會(huì)導(dǎo)致體重減輕和代謝變化。然而，免疫健康、基因和身體承受壓力的能力等因素似乎能更好地解釋低卡路里和長(zhǎng)壽之間的聯(lián)系)”可知，文章呈現(xiàn)了一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室動(dòng)物飲食限制的研究，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)低卡路里攝入雖能引起體重減輕和代謝變化，但免疫健康、基因和身體承受壓力的能力等因素對(duì)長(zhǎng)壽的影響更為關(guān)鍵，挑戰(zhàn)了傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“飲食與壽命：不僅僅是新陳代謝”最準(zhǔn)確地概括了文章主旨，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoGiveBacktotheCommunity:SimpleActsMakeaDifferenceVolunteeringisagreatwaytomakeapositiveimpactontheworldaroundus.Notonlydoesitprovideanopportunitytohelpothers,butitallowsustoconnectwithourcommunityandcreatemeaningfulrelationshipswiththoseweserve.____16____.Herearesometipstohelpyoufindyourpassionandgetinvolvedinyourcommunity.Exploreyourinterests____17____.Therearecountlessvolunteeropportunitiesineverycommunity,sofindingsomethingthatmatchesyourinterestscanmaketheexperiencemorefulfilling.Consideryourskillsandexperience,aswellasyourhobbiesandpersonalvalues.ResearchlocalorganizationsLookforlocalorganizationsthatmatchyourinterestsandvalues.Researchtheirmissionstatement,programs,andvolunteeropportunitiestofindagoodfit.Attendeventsormeetingstolearnmoreabouttheorganization.____18____.Checkwithyourlocalcommunitycenterorvolunteercenterforadirectoryofvolunteeropportunities.____19____.Youdon’thavetocommittoalong-termvolunteerprojectrightaway.Startwithaminorprojectoreventtogetafeelfortheorganizationandtheirmission.Thiscanalsohelpyoudeterminewhattypeofvolunteerworkyouenjoyandwhatyouwanttodomoreofinthefuture.BeconsistentConsistencyiskeywhenitcomestovolunteering.Findanopportunitythatfitsyourscheduleandcommittoitonaregularbasis.Itcanhelptheorganizationplanandmanagetheirresources.____20____.A.StartsmallB.CommitfullyC.DiscoverwhatworktheydointhecommunityD.ThinkaboutyourpassionsandthecausesyoucareaboutE.WecaninvestigatetheorganizationstomakesuretheyareattractiveF.AnditcanalsohelpyoubuildrelationshipswiththepeopleyouserveG.Findingtherightvolunteeropportunitycanbethefirststepinmakingadifference.【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為說(shuō)明文，主要針對(duì)參與社區(qū)志愿者活動(dòng)提出了四條建議，包括：發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的興趣，研究當(dāng)?shù)叵嚓P(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)，從小項(xiàng)目做起以及堅(jiān)持不懈，旨在幫助人們更好地為社區(qū)做出貢獻(xiàn)?！?6題詳解】由上文“Volunteeringisagreatwaytomakeapositiveimpactontheworldaroundus.Notonlydoesitprovideanopportunitytohelpothers,butitallowsustoconnectwithourcommunityandcreatemeaningfulrelationshipswiththoseweserve.(志愿服務(wù)是對(duì)我們周圍的世界產(chǎn)生積極影響的好方法。它不僅提供了一個(gè)幫助他人的機(jī)會(huì)，而且還使我們能夠與社區(qū)建立聯(lián)系，并與我們所服務(wù)的人建立有意義的關(guān)系)”和下文“Herearesometipstohelpyoufindyourpassionandgetinvolvedinyourcommunity.(這里有一些建議可以幫助你找到你的激情，并參與到你的社區(qū)中來(lái))”可知，上文談及志愿者工作的益處，下文則提到本文將介紹一些如何幫助你找到你的激情，參與到社區(qū)工作中，由此推斷此處可能會(huì)說(shuō)找到熱情所在的必要性，G項(xiàng)“Findingtherightvolunteeropportunitycanbethefirststepinmakingadifference.(找到恰當(dāng)?shù)闹驹刚吖ぷ鳈C(jī)會(huì)是開始的第一步)”能承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G?！?7題詳解】由下文“Therearecountlessvolunteeropportunitiesineverycommunity,sofindingsomethingthatmatchesyourinterestscanmaketheexperiencemorefulfilling.Consideryourskillsandexperience,aswellasyourhobbiesandpersonalvalues.(每個(gè)社區(qū)都有無(wú)數(shù)的志愿者機(jī)會(huì)，所以找到符合你興趣的東西會(huì)讓你的經(jīng)歷更充實(shí)。考慮你的技能和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，以及你的愛好和個(gè)人價(jià)值觀。)”可知，本段主要介紹了找到自己的興趣點(diǎn)，考慮你的技能和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，以及你的愛好和個(gè)人價(jià)值觀。本空應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)人們要思考自己所熱愛和關(guān)心的，D項(xiàng)“Thinkaboutyourpassionsandthecausesyoucareabout(想想你的熱衷的事情和關(guān)心的事業(yè))”能引出下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?8題詳解】由上文“Lookforlocalorganizationsthatmatchyourinterestsandvalues.Researchtheirmissionstatement,programs,andvolunteeropportunitiestofindagoodfit.Attendeventsormeetingstolearnmoreabouttheorganization.(尋找符合你興趣和價(jià)值觀的當(dāng)?shù)亟M織。研究他們的使命宣言、項(xiàng)目和志愿者機(jī)會(huì)，以找到合適的匹配。參加活動(dòng)或會(huì)議，以更多地了解組織)”可知，上文建議人們參加一些活動(dòng)或會(huì)議來(lái)更好地了解該機(jī)構(gòu)，本空應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)人們了解組織時(shí)要了解什么，C項(xiàng)“Discoverwhatworktheydointhecommunity(弄清他們?cè)谏鐓^(qū)做些什么工作)”鼓勵(lì)讀者去了解這些組織在社區(qū)中所做的工作，以便更好地選擇適合自己的組織，能承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。【19題詳解】本題位于第四段小標(biāo)題處，是本段內(nèi)容的高度凝練，由下文“Youdon’thavetocommittoalong-termvolunteerprojectrightaway.Startwithaminorprojectoreventtogetafeelfortheorganizationandtheirmission.Thiscanalsohelpyoudeterminewhattypeofvolunteerworkyouenjoyandwhatyouwanttodomoreofinthefuture.(您不必立刻承諾參與長(zhǎng)期的志愿服務(wù)項(xiàng)目?？梢詮囊粋€(gè)小型項(xiàng)目或活動(dòng)開始，以了解該組織及其使命。這也有助于您確定自己喜歡哪種類型的志愿工作以及未來(lái)想做更多什么類型的工作。)”可知，本段建議人們?cè)谶x擇項(xiàng)目時(shí)要從小事做起，避免一開始就參與一些長(zhǎng)期的項(xiàng)目，A項(xiàng)“Startsmall(從小事做起)”能概括本段主旨，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?0題詳解】由上文“Consistencyiskeywhenitcomestovolunteering.Findanopportunitythatfitsyourscheduleandcommittoitonaregularbasis.Itcanhelptheorganizationplanandmanagetheirresources.(在志愿服務(wù)中，一致性至關(guān)重要。找到一個(gè)符合您日程安排的機(jī)會(huì)，并定期投入其中。這不僅有助于組織更好地規(guī)劃和管理資源)”可知，上文陳述一致性對(duì)組織的好處，本空應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)一致性對(duì)個(gè)人的好處，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Anditcanalsohelpyoubuildrelationshipswiththepeopleyouserve(它還可以幫助你與你所服務(wù)的人建立關(guān)系)”此處與前文構(gòu)成語(yǔ)義遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，能承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Thedayofthesurgerytwenty-eightyearsagostillremainsvividinHodge-Williams’memory.Thatmorning,shewas____21____intothesurgicalroomonasurgicalcart.Sheremembersbeing____22____bydoctors,thenoiseoftheirmetalsurgicaltoolsandthefeelingofbeing____23____.“Theyweregettingonwiththeirjobs,notrealizingIwasreally____24____.”Shesaid.Butthat____25____whentheanesthesiologist(麻醉師)arrived.Hodge-Williamsrecalledhehadakind____26____andacapcoveredinsunflowers.“Seeingmyfear,hesaidtome,‘OK,whynotthinkaboutsomethingyoulike?’Atfirst,Ifeltquite____27____,‘HowcouldheaskmethisquestionwhenIwassofearful!’”“Inakindofsillymanner,Ireplied,‘Well,whatdoyoulike?’Andvery____28____,hesaid,‘Singing.’”SoHodge-Williamsaskedhimto____29____.“Thenhestartedsinging‘ThePhantomoftheOpera,’whichaccompaniedmetogradually____30____.”Intheyearssincethatday,Hodge-Williamshasexperiencedmultiplesurgeries.Butshestillimaginesthatdoctor____31____.“Ican____32____himalmostwithmethrougheverysurgery:hiscalmand____33____voice,hisgentleandrelaxedsmile...Theymeantmuchtome,notjustthescienceofmedicine,butalsothe____34____andcareforme.AlthoughIdon’tknowhisname,Iwillalwaysbe____35____tohim.”Hodge-Williamssaid.21.A.dragged B.showed C.carried D.wheeled22.A.surrounded B.supported C.cared D.treated23.A.tired B.alone C.eager D.annoyed24.A.excited B.curious C.terrified D.awkward25.A.worsened B.developed C.changed D.repeated26.A.smile B.heart C.order D.comment27.A.desperate B.strange C.ashamed D.depressed28.A.confidently B.calmly C.politely D.proudly29.A.leave B.continue C.listen D.sing30.A.cometolife B.holdmybreath C.payattention D.fallasleep31A.intheway B.outofsight C.byherside D.inahurry32.A.picture B.notice C.remember D.hear33.A.unique B.comforting C.loud D.clear34.A.inspiration B.praise C.sympathy D.suggestion35.A.loyal B.helpful C.sensitive D.grateful【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.C26.A27.B28.B29.D30.D31.C32.A33.B34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，描述了Hodge-Williams女士在手術(shù)前的一次難忘經(jīng)歷。文章通過(guò)講述麻醉師的溫柔舉動(dòng)如何影響了她對(duì)手術(shù)的看法，強(qiáng)調(diào)了醫(yī)療中人性關(guān)懷的重要性?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那天早上，她被推著手術(shù)車進(jìn)入手術(shù)室。A.dragged拖拽；B.showed展示；C.carried攜帶；D.wheeled推；根據(jù)文中“intothesurgicalroomonasurgicalcart”可知，Hodge-Williams是被推著手術(shù)車進(jìn)入手術(shù)室的，故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她記得醫(yī)生們圍著她，金屬手術(shù)工具的噪音，以及她感到孤獨(dú)的感覺(jué)。A.surrounded包圍；B.supported支持；C.cared關(guān)心；D.treated治療；根據(jù)下文“thenoiseoftheirmetalsurgicaltools”可知下文提到了金屬手術(shù)工具的噪音，可推理出醫(yī)生們?cè)谒車β抵?，故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.tired疲倦的；B.alone孤獨(dú)的；C.eager渴望的；D.annoyed惱怒的；根據(jù)文中“notrealizingIwasreally...”可知醫(yī)生都在忙碌，未注意到Hodge-Williams的心理狀態(tài)，Hodge-Williams感到被忽視，因此感到孤獨(dú)，故選B項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她說(shuō)：“他們繼續(xù)做他們的工作，沒(méi)有意識(shí)到我真的很害怕?！盇.excited興奮的；B.curious好奇的；C