05 人與社會(huì)(三) 歷史 社會(huì)與文化A卷(解析版)

2024年中考英語(yǔ)新課標(biāo)話題綜合突破03-人與社會(huì)(二)----歷史、社會(huì)與文化(A卷)本系列按照新課標(biāo)主題內(nèi)容要求的三大范疇—“人與自我”、“人與社會(huì)”“人與自然”8大主題群精選全國(guó)各地2024年最新模擬試題。每個(gè)主題群有A、B兩套練習(xí)。A套難度適中；B套難度相對(duì)較高。每套練習(xí)包括完形填空(2篇)、閱讀理解(4篇)、任務(wù)型閱讀(1篇)、短文填空(2篇)、書面表達(dá)(2篇)。完形填空A(2024·寧夏銀川·一模)AlmosteveryChinesepersonknowsthetwolinesofthefamouspoem,“Everygrainontheplatecomesfromhardwork(誰(shuí)知盤中餐，粒粒皆辛苦).”1sadly,manyofusdon’tactuallygettherealmeaningoftheselines:Don’twastefood.ACCTVprogramreportedthatthefoodChinesepeoplethrowawayeveryyearismuchenoughtofeed200millionpeopleforayear.Dowehavetoo2food?Ofcoursenot.AccordingtotheUNWorldFoodProgram,therewere828million3peoplearoundtheworldin2022,especiallyindevelopingcountries.Chinesepeoplearefamous4beingfriendly.ManyChinese5eventhinkthattheylosefaceiftheirguests(客人)eatallthefoodonthetable.6,manypeopleknowtheimportanceofsavingfoodnow.Herearesomerulesforyoutosavefood.Don’tordertoomuchinthe7.Onlyorderasmuchasyoucaneat.Ifyoucannoteatallthefood,taketherestof8toyourhome.Don’t9anyfoodinyourbowlswhenyouhavemeals.Remember,weshouldtaketheserules10.1．A．Although B．But C．So D．Because2．A．many B．little C．much D．few3．A．hungry B．old C．fat D．healthy4．A．in B．of C．a(chǎn)s D．for5．A．workers B．hosts C．farmers D．waiters6．A．Hardly B．Unluckily C．Luckily D．Usually7．A．restaurant B．school C．hospital D．library8．A．him B．them C．mine D．it9．A．eat B．leave C．drink D．wash10．A．seriously B．happily C．sadly D．finally【答案】1-5BCADB6-10CADBA【解析】本文主要介紹了浪費(fèi)糧食現(xiàn)象的嚴(yán)重性，呼吁大家要節(jié)約糧食，并給出了一些建議?！拘☆}1】句意：但是令人難過的是，我們中的許多人并沒有真正理解這句話的真正含義：不要浪費(fèi)食物。Although盡管；But但是；So因此；Because因?yàn)?。根?jù)上文“Everygrainontheplatecomesfromhardwork”可知，前后兩句之間構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此選But。故選B?！拘☆}2】句意：我們的食物太多了嗎？many許多，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；little很少，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；much許多，修飾不可數(shù)名詞；few很少，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)“too...food?Ofcoursenot.”可知，此處考查toomuch“太多”，后接不可數(shù)名詞，其他選項(xiàng)不符合句意，故選C?！拘☆}3】句意：根據(jù)聯(lián)合國(guó)世界糧食計(jì)劃署的數(shù)據(jù)，2022年全球有8.28億饑餓人口，尤其是在發(fā)展中國(guó)家。hungry饑餓的；old年老的；fat胖的；healthy健康的。根據(jù)上文“Dowehavetoo...food?Ofcoursenot.”可知，此處指饑餓人口，因此選hungry。故選A。【小題4】句意：中國(guó)人以友好和大方而聞名。in在……里面；of……的；as作為；for因?yàn)?。根?jù)“arefamous...beingfriendly”可知，考查befamousfor“因……而著名”。故選D。【小題5】句意：許多中國(guó)主人甚至認(rèn)為，如果他們的客人吃光了桌子上所有的食物，他們會(huì)丟面子。workers工人；hosts主人；farmers農(nóng)民；waiters服務(wù)員。根據(jù)“theirguests”可知，客人對(duì)應(yīng)的是主人，故選B?！拘☆}6】句意：幸運(yùn)的是，許多人現(xiàn)在明白了節(jié)約糧食的重要性。Hardly幾乎不；Unluckily不幸地；Luckily幸運(yùn)地；Usually通常。根據(jù)上文“eventhinkthattheylosefaceiftheirguests(客人)eatallthefoodonthetable”再結(jié)合“manypeopleknowtheimportanceofsavingfoodnow.”可知，這是幸運(yùn)的事情。故選C?！拘☆}7】句意：在餐館里不要點(diǎn)太多。restaurant餐館；school學(xué)校；hospital醫(yī)院；library圖書館。根據(jù)“Onlyorderasmuchasyoucaneat.”可知，應(yīng)該是在餐館里。故選A。【小題8】句意：如果你不能吃光你點(diǎn)的食物，把剩下的帶回家。him他；them他們；mine我的；it它。根據(jù)“Ifyoucannoteatallthefood”可知，此處指“把剩下的食物帶回家”，因此選it代指上文的food。故選D?！拘☆}9】句意：吃飯時(shí)，不要把食物留在碗里。eat吃；leave留下；drink飲；wash洗。根據(jù)“Don’t...anyfoodinyourbowlswhenyouhavemeals.”可知，吃飯時(shí)，不要把食物留在碗里，其他選項(xiàng)不符合句意，故選B?！拘☆}10】句意：記住，我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)真對(duì)待這些規(guī)定。seriously認(rèn)真地；happily快樂地；sadly傷心地；finally最終。根據(jù)“Remember”可知，此處指我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)真對(duì)待這些規(guī)定，因此選seriously，take...seriously意為“認(rèn)真對(duì)待……”。故選A。B(2024·河南漯河·一模)XiongChuanfa,36,hasbeenworkingwithsugarfigurines(糖人),atraditionalChinesefolkartwithahistoryofover600years,formorethan20years.Everymorning,XiongdrivestoareasnearWanshouPalace,oneofthemost1blocksinNanchang,Jiangxi.Andthenhestarts2sugarfigurines.“Manypeopleareinterestedinthis,3kids,”Xiongsaid.“Afterall,theydon’tseeitoften.SomethinkthatI’mdoinga4show.”Simon,ayoungmanfromAustraliawhoeverstudiedatNunehangHangkongUniversity,lost5inasugarMonkeyKingatXiong’sstall(攤位).Itwasso6.Hecouldn’thelpthinkingwhatitwouldbelike7hetriedtomakeonehimself.Andthenhedid.“Itlookseasy,butactuallyverydifficulttodoitonmyown,”saidSimonafterseveral8.WithXiong’shelp,Simonfinally9ahorsegraduallytakingshapeinfrontofhiseyes.“Ican’tbelieveI’vedonethis,”Simonsaidwith10.Xiongoftenshowshis11besidecollegesoruniversitiestodrawtheyoungclosertothetraditionalart.Forthisreason,heisreadytomakethem12itscharm(魅力).Xiongsaidthatblowingsugarfigurinescan13theMingDynastyandthathisfamilyhasbeendoingthisforfourgenerations(一代人).“EverytraditionalfolkartinChinashouldhavea14,andpeoplelikeusareheretomakesureofthat,”headded.“TheyaresymbolsoftheChineseculture.Theyshouldbe15aroundtheworld.Ihopethatonedaytherestoftheworldcanenjoyittoo—asweettasteofChina.”1．A．special B．popular C．creative D．educational2．A．blowing B．littering C．knocking D．cutting3．A．gradually B．hardly C．especially D．nearly4．A．simple B．magic C．humorous D．typical5．A．itself B．myself C．herself D．himself6．A．soft B．sweet C．real D．ugly7．A．unless B．so C．though D．if8．A．tries B．wishes C．visits D．orders9．A．drew B．saw C．rode D．tied10．A．a(chǎn)greement B．a(chǎn)rgument C．excitement D．encouragement11．A．skills B．grades C．secrets D．rules12．A．expect B．experience C．explain D．express13．A．lookupto B．payattentionto C．lookforwardto D．datebackto14．A．pity B．hobby C．future D．dream15．A．spread B．caught C．held D．spoken【答案】1-5BACBD6-10CDABC11-15ABDCA【解析】本文主要介紹了吹糖人藝術(shù)的傳承者——熊傳發(fā)?！拘☆}1】句意：每天早上，熊都會(huì)驅(qū)車前往江西南昌最受歡迎的街區(qū)之一萬(wàn)壽宮附近。special特別的；popular受歡迎的；creative有創(chuàng)造力的；educational有教育意義的。根據(jù)“drivestoareasnearWanshouPalace,oneofthemost”以及常識(shí)可知應(yīng)是去最受歡迎的地方吹糖人。故選B?！拘☆}2】句意：然后他開始吹糖人。blowing吹；littering扔垃圾；knocking敲；cutting切。根據(jù)“sugarfigurines.”可知是吹糖人。故選A?！拘☆}3】句意：多人對(duì)此感興趣，尤其是孩子們。gradually逐漸地；hardly幾乎不；especially尤其；nearly幾乎。根據(jù)“Manypeopleareinterestedinthis...”可知孩子尤其對(duì)吹糖人感興趣。故選C。【小題4】句意：有些人認(rèn)為我在表演魔術(shù)。simple簡(jiǎn)單的；magic魔法的；humorous幽默的；typical典型的。根據(jù)“theydon’tseeitoften”可知有些人沒有見過吹糖人，有些人認(rèn)為吹糖人是魔術(shù)。故選B?！拘☆}5】句意：西蒙，一個(gè)來自澳大利亞的年輕人，曾就讀于南京航空大學(xué)，沉迷在熊的攤位上的一只糖猴王。itself它自己；myself我自己；herself她自己；himself他自己。根據(jù)“Simon,ayoungmanfromAustralia”可知此處是他自己。故選D?！拘☆}6】句意：它是如此真實(shí)。soft柔軟的；sweet甜的；real真的；ugly丑陋的。根據(jù)“asugarMonkeyKing”可知他吹的糖人應(yīng)該很真實(shí)，所以吸引人。故選C?！拘☆}7】句意：如果他試著自己做一個(gè)會(huì)是什么樣子。unless除非；so所以；though雖然；if如果。后句是前句的肯定條件，用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。故選D?！拘☆}8】句意：西蒙在幾次嘗試后說：“這看起來很容易，但實(shí)際上很難獨(dú)自完成?！眛ries嘗試；wishes希望；visits參觀；orders命令。根據(jù)“saidSimonafterseveral”可知是試了幾次后覺得很難。故選A?！拘☆}9】句意：在熊的幫助下，西蒙終于看到一匹馬在他眼前逐漸成型。drew畫；saw看；rode騎；tied系。根據(jù)“ahorsegraduallytakingshapeinfrontofhiseyes”可知是看到一匹馬逐漸成型。故選B?！拘☆}10】句意：西蒙興奮地說：“我簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信我會(huì)這么做。”agreement同意；argument爭(zhēng)論；excitement興奮；encouragement鼓勵(lì)。根據(jù)“Ican’tbelieveI’vedonethis”可知他做成了，所以是很興奮。故選C?！拘☆}11】句意：熊經(jīng)常在高校旁展示自己的技藝，吸引年輕人親近傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)。skills技能；grades成績(jī)；secrets秘密；rules規(guī)則。根據(jù)“Xiongoftenshowshis”可知是展示他的吹糖人技藝。故選A?！拘☆}12】句意：因此，他準(zhǔn)備讓他們體驗(yàn)傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)的魅力。expect期待；experience體驗(yàn)；explain解釋；express表達(dá)。根據(jù)“itscharm”可知是體驗(yàn)傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)的魅力。故選B?！拘☆}13】句意：熊說，吹糖人可以追溯到明代，他的家族已經(jīng)四代人在吹糖人了。lookupto仰慕；payattentionto注意；lookforwardto期待；datebackto追溯到。根據(jù)“theMingDynasty”可知吹糖人追溯到明代。故選D。【小題14】句意：中國(guó)的每一種傳統(tǒng)民間藝術(shù)都應(yīng)該有未來，像我們這樣的人在這里就是為了確保這一點(diǎn)。pity遺憾；hobby愛好；future未來；dream夢(mèng)。根據(jù)“peoplelikeusareheretomakesureofthat”可知他是他們傳統(tǒng)藝人在傳播傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)，讓這些傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)也有未來。故選C?！拘☆}15】句意：它們應(yīng)該傳播到世界各地。spread傳播；caught抓??；held舉行；spoken說。根據(jù)“aroundtheworld”可知是希望傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)可以傳播到全世界。故選A。閱讀理解A(\o"原始出處：2024年江蘇省蘇州市吳中區(qū)中考一模英語(yǔ)試題"2024·江蘇連云港·一模)TheSpringandAutumnandtheWarringStatesPeriodwasanageofgreatculturedevelopmentinChina.Herearesomegreatcharactersofthattime.ShangYangreformedmanyfields.Beforethereform(改革，變法),heplacedalog(原木)atthegateandpromised,“Ifsomeonecanmovethelog,hewillgetareward.”NoonebelievedhimuntilsomeonemovedthelogandShangreallygavehimthereward.DoyouknowLuBanlock?Itisaremovabletoy.LuBancreateditforhisson.Hissonstudiedallnightbeforeopeningit.Healsoinventedmanytoolsandweapons(武器).Once,anofficialfellunconscious(昏迷的).EveryonethoughthewasdeadexceptBianQue.BianQuefelthisweakpulse(脈搏)andsaid.“Hewillwakeupintwodays.”Twodayslater,theofficialwokeup.Everyonewasamazed.WhenBoYaplayedguqin,eventhehorseslookedup,listenedtohismusicandstoppedeating.BoYa’sfriend,ZhongZiqi,understoodhismusic.Theylikedeachother.AfterZhongdied,Bobrokehisguqinandneverplayedsuchinstrumentsanymore.1.WhydidShangYangmakeapromisebeforethereform?A．Togivepeopleareward.B．Tomakepeoplebelievehim.C．Tosellthelogatthemarket.D．Tofixthegateofthebuilding.2.Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthat

_____________.A．ShangYangfailedhisreformB．ZhongZiqiwasgoodatplayingguqinC．LuBanwasanancientinventorD．BianQueoncemadeadeadpersonbacktolife3.What’sthemainthemeofthepassagesabove?A．Chinesemedicine.B．Traditionalmusic.C．FamousancientChinese.D．Importantinventions.【答案】BCC【解析】本文介紹了春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期的幾位著名人物。【小題1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“'Beforethereform,heplacedalog(原木)atthegateandpromised..ShangYangreallygavehimaprize"可知，商鞅要進(jìn)行變法改革，勢(shì)必要先行獲取民眾的信任，在變法之前他將許下的獎(jiǎng)賞兌現(xiàn)，成功取得了民眾的信任，故選B?！拘☆}2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Healsoinventedmanytoolsandweapons(武器).”"他還發(fā)明了許多工具和武器，所以魯班是著名的發(fā)明家。故選C。【小題3】主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Herearesomegreatcharactersofthattime.”及全文可知，本文主要介紹了商鞅、魯班、扁鵲、伯牙和鐘子期幾位著名的春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期的人物。故選C。B(\o"原始出處：2024年山東省濟(jì)寧市魚臺(tái)縣中考一模英語(yǔ)試題"2024·安徽安慶·一模

)Theword“Yongfeng”inChinesemeansforeverwealth.ItisalsothenameofavillageinJilinProvince.GrowingupinYongfengVillage,23-year-oldJinWantingvaluedfundaysplayinggamesinthefieldsandmissedsweetpotatoesinwinter.Thesejoyfulchildhoodmomentsbecameherhappiestmemories.Shethinksitisavaluablegroundthatconnectsherpastwithfuture.Whileincollege,Jinlearnedcomputerscienceandplannedtobeaprogrammer.However,aninvitationfromthevillageofficerchangedhermind.“Thevillageisdeveloping,anditneedsskilledyoungpeople.Iconsideredreturningtothevillageasagreatchancetobothchallengemyselfandcontribute(做貢獻(xiàn))tomyhometown,”shesaid.JinreturnedtoYongfengVillageandbecamethemanagerofaWestern-stylerestaurantthere.BeforeJinjoinedtherestaurant,mostofitscustomerswereyoungtouristsbecauseolderpeopleusuallyprefertraditionalChinesefood.Tochangethissituation,JinandthecookscarefullydevelopedseveralfastfoodbyconnectingWesternelementswithChinesematerials.Thesedishesquicklygotpopularamongoldercustomers.In2017,YongfengVillagewasknownasapoorarea,butthankstothegovernment,thevillagehasdevelopedalot.“Ipersonallysawthevillage’schanges.Thesechangeshavebroughtmanybusinesschancesforyoungpeople,”Jinsaid.Jin’schildhoodfriend,LvShengnan,decidedtoreturnevenbeforeJindid.Lvsaid,“Iwishmoreyoungpeopletoreturntotheirhometownsandcontributetotheirdevelopment.”1.WhatdoesJinthinkofYongfengVillage?A．Itisapoorvillage.B．Itconnectsherpastwithfuture.C．Itremindsherofthesaddesttime.D．ItisaterriblegroundinJilinProvince.2.WhydidJinandLvdecidetoreturntotheirhometownaccordingtothetext?A．Tomakemorefriends.B．Tobeavillageofficer.C．ToenjoytraditionalChinesefood.D．Tomakecontributionstotheirhometown.3.What’sthemainideaofparagraph4?A．YongfengVillageisknownasapoorarea.B．Thecollegestudentsinthevillagesawthevillage’schanges.C．Changeshavebroughtmanylearningchancesforyoungpeople.D．YongfengVillagehasdevelopedalotwiththehelpofthegovernment.4.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．JobsforCollegeStudentsB．YouthfulReturntoHometownC．RestaurantsinYongfengVillageD．BusinessChancesforYoungPeople【答案】BDDB【解析】本文講述了金婉婷和朋友回到自己的村子，幫助村子發(fā)展的故事?！拘☆}1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“'Shethinksitisavaluablegroundthatconnectsherpastwithfuture.”可知，她認(rèn)為它連接她的過去和未來。故選B?！拘☆}2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)“Thevillageisdeveloping,anditneedsskilledyoungpeople.Iconsideredreturningtothevillageasagreatchancetobothchallengemyselfandcontribute(做貢獻(xiàn))tomyhometown”可知，因?yàn)樗齻兿牖厝榧亦l(xiāng)做貢獻(xiàn)，故選D。【小題3】段落大意題。根據(jù)“In2017,YongfengVillagewasknownasapoorarea,butthankstothegovernment,thevillagehasdevelopedalot”可知，第四段講述了永豐村在政府的幫助下發(fā)展了很多。故選D?！拘☆}4】最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)全文可知，文章講述了金婉婷和朋友回到自己的村子，幫助村子發(fā)展的故事，B選項(xiàng)最符合文意。故選B。C(\o"原始出處：2024年山東省濟(jì)寧市魚臺(tái)縣中考一模英語(yǔ)試題"2024·福建泉州·三模

)TheNetherlandsislow-lyingandinfluencedbythenorthseawind,whichcausedfloodstohappeneasilyinthepast.Inordertodealwiththeproblem,theDutchusedthousandsofwindmills.SotheNetherlandsbecamethefamouslandofwindmills.Withthisinvention,theDutchsetaspecialdateandheldsomeactivities.It’sheldonthesecondSaturdayofMayeachyear.Gradually,WindmillDaybecomesatraditionalfolkfestivalintheNetherlands.Onthisday,picturesshapedofwindmillsareeverywhere.Manyshopsarefilledwithcolorfulwindmillartpieces.Childrenalsoliketodrawwindmillsonthedoorsandwindows.Windmillshavedifferentpurposesindifferentstates.Theybringgoodlucktopeopleinmostsituations.Whentheflagishungonthewindmill,itmaymeanthatababyisborn,oracoupleareholdingawedding.Whenthefanofwindmillislikeacross,itmeansthatsomeimportantguestsarecomingandtheyarewarmlywelcomed.However,whenthewindmillisatrestandbackward,itmainlytellsusthatsomethingbadhashappened.Nowadays,duringyourvisitintheNetherlands,youcanchoosethewindmillmuseums.Also,youcangotothelocalwindmillvillages.Therearestillmorethan1000windmillsaroundthecountry,withmanystillinuse.Everywindmilliscoveredinredandgreenandisslowlyrunningtogreetyou.1.PeopleinNetherlandsmainlyusewindmillsto________.A．produceelectricityB．dowithfloodsC．celebratefestivalsD．welcomevisitors2.HowdotheDutchcelebrateWindmillDay?

________

①Theydecoratethepublicplaceswithpicturesshapedofwindmills.

②Shopownerspreparelotsofcolorfulwindmillartpieces.

③Theyfixthefanofwindmillastheshapeofacross.

④Youngkidsdrawwindmillsonthedoorsandwindows.A．①②③B．②③④C．①③④D．①②④3.Whichpictureofwindmillsshowsthecomingofanewborn?

________A．B．C．D．4.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?

________A．Visitorscanonlyenjoywindmillsinmuseums.B．Windmillsbringgoodlucktopeopleinallsituations.C．Therearefewerthan1000windmillsacrossthecountry.D．Astillwindmillmeanssomethingbadhashappened.5.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanwereadthetext?

________A．Culture.B．Human.C．Language.D．Science.【答案】BDCDA【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了荷蘭風(fēng)車節(jié)的由來、日期、慶祝方式以及不同風(fēng)車在荷蘭文化中的內(nèi)涵?！拘☆}1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第一段“TheNetherlandsislow-lyingandinfluencedbythenorthseawind..thousandsofwindmills”可知，荷蘭地市低洼，過去容易發(fā)生洪澇災(zāi)害，為了解決這個(gè)問題，荷蘭人使用了成千上萬(wàn)的風(fēng)車，所以荷蘭人主要用風(fēng)車解決洪水問題。故選B。【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)第二段“Onthisday,picturesshapedofwindmillsareeverywhere..windows.”可知，在這一天到處都是風(fēng)車形狀的圖片，許多商店都擺滿了風(fēng)車藝術(shù)品，孩子們?cè)陂T窗上畫風(fēng)車，所以他們慶祝的方式有①②④。故選D?！拘☆}3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“'Whenthefagishungonthewindmill,itmaymeanthatababyisbom”可知，當(dāng)旗幟掛在風(fēng)車上時(shí)，可能意味著有一個(gè)嬰兒出生了。故選C?！拘☆}4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"whenthewindmillisatrestandbackward,itmainlytellsusthatsomethingbadhashappened"可知，當(dāng)風(fēng)車處于靜止或倒退狀態(tài)時(shí)，它預(yù)示著發(fā)生了不好的事情，選項(xiàng)D表述與原文相符。故選D。【小題5】推理判斷題，根據(jù)第一段“WindmillDaybecomesatraditionalfolkfestivalintheNetherlands”可知，風(fēng)車日漸漸成為一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的民間節(jié)日，所以本文主要介紹的風(fēng)車之國(guó)--荷蘭，推測(cè)可以在雜志的文化專欄看到這篇文章。故選A。D(\o"原始出處：2024年山東省濟(jì)寧市魚臺(tái)縣中考一模英語(yǔ)試題"2024·江蘇蘇州·一模

)Haveyoueverimaginedthatamobile-phonemakercouldproducecarsoneday?XiaomiansweredthisquestionwithitsnewlyproducedelectriccarSU7.Threeyearsago.LeiJunannouncedthathewouldmakecars.Atthattime,onlineusersjokedthatheshouldmakeelectriccarsashisnamehassomethingtodowithelectricity.Overtheyears,eventheelectronicsgiantlikeApplegaveuptheideaofmakingelectriccars.However,LeiJunkepthiswordsandreallymadeit.Thecompany,bestknownforitspopularsmartphones,showeditsSU7modelonMarch28inChinathisyear.Actually,itisthefirstelectriccarfromaphonemaker.TheSU7wouldsellfor215,900

yuan

to299.900

yuan

inChina.Thestartingpriceisabout30,000

yuan

cheaperthanTesla’sModel3,whichstartsat245.900

yuan.“Thisistokeepmypromisemadethreeyearsago,”hewroteonTuesday.Leialsoaddedthathe’sconfidentaboutenteringtheEV(電動(dòng)汽車)market,thoughthecompetitionisstrong.TheSU7comesasEVmakersfightforsalesinChina.XiaomimayfacesomesalesproblemsascompanieslikeBYDandTeslaarecuttingpricestoattractcustomerstobuytheirEVs.However,Xiaomimayhavesomeadvantagesovercompetitorssinceitisalreadywell-knownandhasplentyoffaithfulcustomerscalledMiFans.WhetherSU7willbeasuccessisunknown,butjustasLeiJunsaidtomanyyoungpeople,lifeisalong-timerace,andtemporary(暫時(shí))successorfailureisnotimportant.Weshouldbelieveindreamsandkeepmakingatry.1.WhatdoweknowaboutXiaomiaccordingtothepassage?A．Itisfamousformakingcars.B．Itsfirstelectriccarisagreatsuccess.C．IthasnostrongcompetitorsintheEVmarket.D．ThestartingpriceofitscarislowerthanTesla’sModel3.2.HowdoesthewritershowLeiJun’scharacterofnevergivingupinparagraph2?A．Byinterviewinghisfans.B．Bylistingsomenumbers.C．Byusingonlineusers’words.D．Bycomparingwithothers.3.WhyisLeiJunconfidentaboutenteringtheEVmarket?A．BecauseXiaomiisalreadylovedbymany.B．Becausemostpeoplechooseelectriccarsnow.C．BecauseSU7isthebestelectriccarintheworld.D．BecauseBYDandTeslahavecutpricestoattractcustomers.4.Whatwouldthepassagemainlywanttotellus?A．Failureisthemotherofsuccess.B．Itisnevertoooldtolearn.C．Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.D．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.【答案】DDAD【解析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要介紹了小米公司生產(chǎn)電動(dòng)汽車SU7的情況，以及雷軍對(duì)于進(jìn)入電動(dòng)汽車市場(chǎng)的信心和態(tài)度?！拘☆}1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheSU7wouldsellfor215,900

yuan

to299.900

yuan

inChina.Thestartingpriceisabout30,000

yuan

cheaperthanTesla’sModel3,whichstartsat245.900

yuan.”可知，小米的電動(dòng)汽車SU7的起售價(jià)比特斯拉的Model3要低，故選D?！拘☆}2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Overtheyears,eventheelectronicsgiantlikeApplegaveuptheideaofmakingelectriccars.However,LeiJunkepthiswordsandreallymadeit”可知，多年來，即使是像蘋果這樣的電子巨頭也放棄了制造電動(dòng)汽車的想法。然而，雷軍信守諾言，真的做到了。此處通過與其他人的對(duì)比來體現(xiàn)雷軍的堅(jiān)持不懈，故選D?！拘☆}3】細(xì)節(jié)理解穎，根據(jù)“However,Xiaomimayhavesomeadvantagesovercompetitorssinceitisalreadywell-knownandhasplentyoffaithfulcustomerscalledMiFans.”可知，雷軍對(duì)進(jìn)入電動(dòng)汽車市場(chǎng)有信心的原因是小米已經(jīng)很知名，且有很多忠實(shí)的粉絲，故選A?！拘☆}4)主旨大意穎。根據(jù)“"WhetherSU7willbeasuccessisunknown,butjustasLeiJunsaidtomanyyoungpeople,lifeisalongtimerace,andtemporary(暫時(shí))successorfailureisnotimportant.Weshouldbelieveindreamsandkeepmakingatry."”可知，文章主要想要告訴我們的是只要有決心，就一定能找到實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想的方法，故選D。任務(wù)型閱讀(\o"原始出處：2024年山東省青島市黃島區(qū)中考一模英語(yǔ)試題"2024·江蘇南通·一模)

Sophie,a14-year-oldBritishgirl,suddenlychangedherbehaviorinclass.Shelostinterestinstudiesandwouldsitinthecornerwithherheadmostlydown.

EthanMiller,oneofSophie’steachers,discoveredthatshewasbullied(欺凌)online.Sophiewasreceivingabusive(辱罵)messagesonherphoneandonFaccbook.MillersharedSophie’sstoryontheofficialwebsiteofTheChildren’sSociety,achildren’scharityintheUK.

Sophiewasnotalone.Oneinthreeyoungpeople,in30countries,saidtheyhaveexperiencedonlinebullying.Twentypercentofthosebulliedstudentswerenotwillingtogotoschoolbecauseofit,accordingtoareportinSeptember.Thestudysurveyedmorethan170,000youngpeopleaged13—24fromcountriesinEurope,Asia,AfricaandSouthAmerica.Seventy-fivepercentofthemsaidthatthemostcommononlinebullyingcaseshappenedonsocialmedia,likeFaccbookandTwiter.Thegrowthofsocialmediahasleftmanyyoungpeoplehurtthroughunfriendlyandabusivemessages,commentsandpicturesonline.

TheInternetworldmakesiteasierforpeopletocommunicatewitheachother,butthereismoredangerforyoungpeopleaswell—anditissurprisingthatonlinebullyingtroublesmanyyoungpeoplemorethananythingelse.What’smore,onlinebullyingcouldleadtoseriousresultsforyoungpeople.Suchbullyingmakesyoungpeoplemorethantwiceaslikelytohurtthemselvesorevenkillthemselves,accordingtoa2018studybytheuniversityofOxford,UK.Theresearchalsofoundthatyoungpeoplefacingonlinebullyingwerenotaslikelytoaskforhelpasthosebulliedbytraditionalways.

Todealwiththeproblem,UNICEFhascalledfornationalhelplinestosupportpeoplewhoarebullied,alongwithtrainingforteachersandparentstopreventanddealwithonlinebullying.

HereissomeadvicetokeepyourselfawayfromdangerontheInternet.

●Makesurethatyou’recarefulandrespectfultoothers,evenifyoudon’tsharesimilaropinions,valuesorbeliefs.

●Ifyouexperienceonlinebullying,thebestresponse(回應(yīng))toabullyisnoresponseatall.

●Keeparecordofanythingthatshowsproof(證據(jù))ofonlinebullying,likescreenshots.Youcanusethistoreportandstopthem.

1.WhydidSophiesuddenlychangeherbehavior?

2.Accordingtothesurvey,wheredotheymostprobablymeetonlinebullying?

3.Howdoesonlinebullyinghurtyoungpeople?

4.Whatisthebestresponsetoabully?

5.Whatotheradvicecanyouoffertostopbullying?(請(qǐng)自擬一句話作答)

【答案】【小題1】Becauseshewasbulliedonline.【小題2】Onsocialmedia,likeFacebookandTwitter.【小題3】Throughunfriendlyandabusivemessages,commentsandpicturesonline.【小題4】Noresponse(atall)./Thebestresponsetoabullyisnoresponseatall.【小題5】You/We/canaskteachersorparentsforhelp./You/We/lcancallthepolice./Youshouldprotectyourinformation..(言之有理即可)【解析】本文講述了一位14歲的女孩，由于受到網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌而發(fā)生了很大的改變，可知網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌對(duì)青少年的傷害較大。為應(yīng)對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌,作者提出一些建議?！拘☆}1】根據(jù)第二段"EthanMiller,oneofSophie'steachers,discoveredthatshewasbullied(欺凌)online.”"可知，Sophie的老師Ethan發(fā)現(xiàn)她被網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌了。故填Becauseshewasbulliedonline.【小題2】根據(jù)第三段“'Seventy-fivepercentofthemsaidthatthemostcommononlinebullyingcaseshappenedonsocialmedia,likeFacebookandTwitter.”可知，75%受過網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌的年輕人說大多數(shù)尋常的網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌發(fā)生在一些像臉書和推特這樣的社交媒體上,故填Onsocialmedia,likeFacebookandTwitter.【小題3】根據(jù)第三段“Thegrowthofsocialmediahasleftmanyyoungpeoplehurtthroughunfriendlyandabusivementsandpicturesonline.”"可知，與日發(fā)展的社交媒體使得許多年輕人受到了不友好的和辱罵性的信息、評(píng)價(jià)和圖片的傷害。故填Throughunfriendlyandabusivemessages,commentsandpicturesonline.【小題4】根據(jù)第六段“Ifyouexperienceonlinebullying,thebestresponse(回應(yīng))toabullyisnoresponseatall.”可知，對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)欺凌最好的回應(yīng)就是不回應(yīng)。故填Noresponse(atall).Thebestresponsetoabullyisnoresponseatall.【小題5】開放性作答，言之有理即可。參考答案為You/We/Icanaskteachersorparentsforhelp./You/We/Icancallthepolice./Youshouldprotectyourinformation./...短文填空A(\o"原始出處：2024年江蘇省蘇州市工業(yè)園區(qū)中考一模英語(yǔ)試題"2024·山西運(yùn)城·一模)請(qǐng)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)容，在空白處填入恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，使短文通順、連貫，并將答案寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。每空一詞。ThedragonisagreatanimalinChineseculture.Peoplesaythatitbringswindandrain.Itissaidthat

1

theseconddayofthesecondlunar(陰歷的)montheveryyear,thedragonwakesupfromitswintersleepandraisesits

2

.Becauseofthis,thedayiscalled“DragonHead-RaisingDay”.Somepeopleseeitasthestartofspringandfarming,

3

theybelievethattherewillbemorerainafterit.Andrainisimportanttofarming.Today,manycustomshavefadedaway(逐漸消失).Butonethathasremainedpopularistohaveahaircut.Manybelievethatahaircutduringthefirstlunarmonthmaybringbadlucktotheiruncles—mainlytheirmothers’brothers.SomanypeoplehavetheirhaircutonDragonHead-RaisingDay.Also,it

4

traditionalforpeopletoeatsomefoodonthatday.Thefoodisusuallynamedafterdragons.Noodlesarecalleddragon’sbeard(longxu).Dumplingsaredragon’sears(long’er).Andspringrollsaredragon’sscales(longlin).InsomeplacesinShandong,peoplemakedragonlanternsandput

5

onslowboatsontherivers.Theactivitystandsforpeople’sbestwishesandgoodluck.【答案】【小題1】on【小題2】head【小題3】because【小題4】is【小題5】them【解析】本文介紹了中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)文化有關(guān)“龍?zhí)ь^”的一些習(xí)俗?！拘☆}1】句意:據(jù)說，每年農(nóng)歷二月初二，龍從冬眠中醒來，抬起頭來?？蘸笫蔷唧w某一天，用介詞on。故填on。【小題2】句意:據(jù)說，每年農(nóng)歷二月初二，龍從冬眠中醒來，抬起頭來。根據(jù)“DragonHead-RaisingDay"以及常識(shí)可知在二月二，龍會(huì)抬頭，head“頭”，此處用名詞單數(shù)。故填head?！拘☆}3】句意:有些人認(rèn)為這是春天和農(nóng)業(yè)的開始，因?yàn)樗麄兿嘈胖髸?huì)有更多的雨水。前后是因果關(guān)系，此處表示原因用because連接。故填because。【小題4】句意:此外，人們?cè)谶@一天吃一些食物是傳統(tǒng)的。此處是結(jié)構(gòu)itisadj.forsb.todosth.“做某事對(duì)某人來說是.……的”故填is?！拘☆}5】句意:在山東的一些地方，人們制作龍燈，并把它們放在河上的慢船上。此處指代“龍燈”，作賓語(yǔ)用代詞賓格them。故填them。B(2024·重慶綦江·一模

)根據(jù)下面短文內(nèi)容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格處填上一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使短文完整、通順。Itisreportedthattherewereonly9.02millionnewbornbabiesinChinain2023,andthepopulationgrowthrate(率)is-1.48‰.Chinahasoneofthe

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populationsintheworld,butitsbirthratehascontinuedtogodowninrecentyears.Thishascausedagreatdealofattention.Thenwhatwillbetheinfluenceofafallingbirthrate?First,itwillleadtoanagingpopulation.China’selderlypopulationisgrowingfastaspeoplelivelongerandthebirthratefalls.Thiswill

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moreproblemstothegovernmentandsociety.Thegovernmentneedstoputinmoremoneytomeetthemedical,old-agecareandotherneedsoftheelderly,whichwillleadtomorepressure.

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,theagingpopulationwillalsoleadtolaborshortages(勞動(dòng)力短缺),whichmayhaveinfluenceonChina’seconomic(經(jīng)濟(jì)的)growth.Second,itwillmakeadifference

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families.InatraditionalChinesefamily,childrenaretheh

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offamily.However,thisideaisc

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now.Moreandmorepeopleprefertohavefewerchildren,andsomeevendon’twanttohavechildren.Thiswillinfluencethestability(穩(wěn)定)offamilies.Finally,itwillinfluencethedevelopmentofoursociety,especiallyeducationandemployment(就業(yè)).

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thepopulationfalls,schoolsandbusinesseswillbeshortoftalent.ThiscouldleadtoincreasedcompetitionintheeducationandjobmarketsandinfluencethestabilityofsocietyandChina’scultural,socialandeconomicdevelopment.Nowthegovernmentandsocietyshouldtake

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todealwiththisproblem,suchasencouragingchildbirth,improvingthewelfare(福利)ofchildrenandtheelderly,andimprovingeducationandthejobmarket.Onlyinthiswaycansocialdevelopmentandstabilitybeguaranteed(保障).【答案】【小題1】largest/biggest【小題2】bring【小題3】Besides【小題4】to【小題5】(h)ope【小題6】(c)hanging【小題7】As/When/If【小題8】action【解析】本文主語(yǔ)介紹了中國(guó)是世界上人口最多的國(guó)家之一，但近年來出生率持續(xù)下降。文中提到出生率下降會(huì)帶來的影響，并建議府和社會(huì)應(yīng)采取鼓勵(lì)生育、改善兒童和老年人福利、改善教育和就業(yè)市場(chǎng)等措施來解決這一問題?！拘☆}1】句意:中國(guó)是世界上人口最多的國(guó)家之一，但近年來出生率持續(xù)下降。根據(jù)“Chinahasoneofthe...populationsin