專題12-名詞性從句-(練習(xí)版)

考查點全國新高考卷全國卷命題分析202220212020202220212020名詞性從句浙江卷[賓語從句；if/whether]卷I，56題[主語從句；what]北京卷[賓語從句；where]北京卷[賓語從句；if/whether]沒有考沒有考沒有考高考對名詞性從句的考查集中在引導(dǎo)詞的選擇上，其中引導(dǎo)詞what、與that/how、if與whether是考查重點。考點1、主語從句分考點1主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞①、that,whether,if只起連接作用,不在從句中作成分。●Thelimitsofaperson'sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,butwhetherhereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.通常來說，一個人智力上的極限從一出生就確定了，但他是否能夠達到極限取決于他所處的環(huán)境。②、what,who,whose,which,whichever,whoever,whatever等。在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語?！馱hatBarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.芭拉·瓊斯給予她的粉絲們的是坦誠和快樂。③、how,when,where,why等。在從句中作狀語?！馱hytheysuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery.它們?yōu)槭裁赐蝗幌匀皇莻€謎?！咎貏e注意】(1)、當(dāng)主語從句位于句首時，常用whether引導(dǎo)，而不用if；●Whetheryoucansucceedornotdependsonhowhardyouworkatit.你能否成功取決于你努力的程度。(2)、that引導(dǎo)主語從句時,不可省略;(3)、從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，但也有特殊情況，如what引導(dǎo)的從句作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于其表達的含義?！馱hathesaidistrue.他所說的是正確的。(從句作主語,謂語動詞用單數(shù))●Whatheneedsarebooks.他需要的是書。(從句作主語,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù))分考點2用it作形式主語的主語從句①、It+be+形容詞+從句句型中常用的詞或詞組：necessary,likely,clear,important,right,wrong,strange,natural,funny,(un)certain,obvious,surprising,possible,probable等●Itisuncertainwhatsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.盡管已經(jīng)有大約兩千名患者服用了這種藥,但是它會帶來什么樣的副作用還不清楚?！馡tisbynomeansclearwhatthepresidentcandotoendthestrike.總統(tǒng)能采取什么措施來結(jié)束罷工,這一點兒都不清楚。②、It+be+名詞/名詞詞組+從句句型中常用的詞或詞組：ashame,apity,nowonder,goodnews,nosurprise,anhonor等●Itisashamethatwelostsuchanimportantcustomer.真遺憾我們失去了一位如此重要的客戶。③、It+be+過去分詞+從句句型中常用的詞或詞組：said,believed,reported,thought,known,expected,decided,arranged,announced等●Itissaidthatourschoolwillholdasportsmeetingnextweek.據(jù)說我們學(xué)校下周要舉行運動會。④、It+特殊動詞/動詞短語+從句句型中常用的詞或詞組：seem,appear,happen,matter,turnout,occurto等●Itdoesn'tmatterwhetheryoupayincashorbycreditcardinthisstore.在這個商店里你用現(xiàn)金支付還是信用卡支付都可以?！咎貏e注意】當(dāng)it作形式主語，主語從句放在句末時，用if或whether引導(dǎo)均可；但主語從句后置且引導(dǎo)詞后直接加ornot時，則用whether引導(dǎo)。考點2賓語從句分考點1賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞Point從屬連詞在從句中只起連接作用，不做成分；連接代詞在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語；連接副詞在從句中作狀語。常用的引導(dǎo)詞如下①、從屬連詞that,whether,if②、連接代詞what,who,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whichever等③、連接副詞how,when,where,why,whenever,wherever,however等常見的可以接that從句作賓語的動詞或動詞短語有：see,say,know，imagine,discover,believe,tell,show,think,consider,besure,beafraid等。常見的可以接疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的動詞或動詞短語有:see,tell,ask,know,decide,imagine,suggest,wonder,show,discuss,understand,inform,advise,findout等?！馱e'veofferedherthejob,butIdon'tknowwhethershe'llacceptit.我們已經(jīng)給她提供了工作,但我不知道她是否會接受?！馡trulybelievethatbeautycomesfromwithin.我真心相信美來自內(nèi)心?！馡tisdifficultforustoimaginewhatlifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld.對我們來說,很難想象古代世界中奴隸的生活是什么樣子的?！馭cientistsstudyhowhumanbrainsworktomakecomputers.科學(xué)家通過研究人腦如何工作來制作電腦。【特別注意】(1)、that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，常被省略，但下列情況下that不能省略；①that從句作介詞的賓語時；②動詞后跟有多個that引導(dǎo)的并列賓語從句時，只有第一個that可以省略，從第二個從句開始that不可省略；③主句謂語動詞(包括非謂語動詞)與賓語從句之間有插入語時；④that引導(dǎo)的從句位于句首時；⑤it作形式賓語時，that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中的that通常不可省略。●Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthecountryside.除了知道他來自鄉(xiāng)下以外,我對他一無所知?！馠esaidthat)helikedrainverymuchandthathewouldn'tuseanumbrellawhenitwasraining.他說他非常喜歡雨,下雨時他都不會打傘。●Wehope,onthecontrary,thathewillstayathomewithus.恰恰相反,我們希望他和我們一起待在家里?！馮hatourteamwillwin,Ibelieve.我相信我們隊會贏。、在介詞后的賓語從句中，表示“是否”時，連接詞只用whether，不用if?！馡tdependsonwhetheryoucanfinishtheprojectontime.那要取決于你是否能按時完成那個項目。分考點2用it作形式賓語的賓語從句Point1一些動詞后的賓語從句有賓語補足語(形容詞或名詞)時，則需要用it作形式賓語而將that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句后置。常見的這類動詞有:think認為feel感覺find發(fā)現(xiàn)guess猜測consider考慮believe相信suppose假定,設(shè)想make使得●Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofwatereveryday.我認為我們每天多喝水是有必要的?！馠ehasmadeitclearthatthemeetingwillnotbepostponed.他清楚地表明會議不會延期。Point2like,appreciate,enjoy,dislike,hate等表示“喜歡”、“厭惡”等情感的動詞以及一些動詞短語seeto,dependon,relyon等常用it作形式賓語，而將賓語從句后置。(詳見專題2)考點3表語從句Point1從屬連詞在從句中只起連接作用，不作成分；連接代詞在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語；連接副詞在從句中作狀語。①、從屬連詞that,whether②、連接代詞what.who.whom.whose,which,whatever,whoever，whomever，whichever等③、連接副詞how,when.where等●Thequestioniswhetheryoucanaffordit問題是你是否買得起?！馮hebestmomentforthefootballstarwaswhenhescoredthewinninggoal.對這位足球明星而言,最美好的時刻是他射進制勝球的時候?！馚utthebottomlineisthatIshouldn'tlietomykidsinanysituation.但是,底線是在任何情況下我都不應(yīng)該對我的孩子們?nèi)鲋e。【特別注意】一般不能用if引導(dǎo)表語從句：that引導(dǎo)表語從句時一般不省略。Point2其他詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句(1)、asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句。此類表語從句可用陳述句語氣，也可用虛擬語氣，常與以下連系動詞連用：seem似乎look看起來taste嘗起來sound聽起來feel摸起來appear好像●Itseemedasthoughithadhappenedyesterday.那件事好像昨天發(fā)生的一樣?！馡tlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看起來天要下雨了(2)、because,why也可引導(dǎo)表語從句。但在because引導(dǎo)的表語從句中，主語不能是reason或cause。常用于以下句型This/Thatiswhy….這/那就是…...的原因This/Thatisbecause...這/那是因為…...●Thisiswhywemissedtheearlybus這就是我們錯過了早班車的原因?！咎貏e注意】當(dāng)主句的主語是reason時，表語從句一般用that引導(dǎo)，不能用why或because；主語是reason時，why可以引導(dǎo)定語從句；Thereasonwhy.isthat...(…...的原因是......)●Thereasonwhyhecamelatewasthathegotuplate.他來晚是因為起床晚了?？键c4同位語從句同位語從句在句中作某一名詞的同位語，位于該名詞之后，用以說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。Point1that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句that在其引導(dǎo)的同位語從句中只起引導(dǎo)詞的作用，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，但不可省略?！馝videncehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudythatchildren’searlysleepingproblemsarelikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup.多年研究發(fā)現(xiàn):有證據(jù)表明孩子的早期睡眠問題很有可能在他們長大后仍然存在●Housewarmingpartiesgettheirnamefromthefactthatalongtimeagopeoplewouldactuallybringfirewoodtoanewhomeasagift.溫居聚會的名字源于這樣一個事實,很久以前人們會帶木柴作為喬遷禮物。Point2whether引導(dǎo)的同位語從句whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，在從句中不作成分，意為“是否”，不能省略，不能用誑替換。●Heaskedheraquestionwhethertheycanbefriends他問了她一個問題:他們能否成為朋友。Point3疑問詞引導(dǎo)的同位語從句疑問詞how,where,when,why等引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分。●Heshowedushiswayhowheworkedoutthatproblem.他向我們展示了他是如何解決那個問題的。Point4常見的后跟同位語從句的名詞有:demand要求advice建議conclusion結(jié)論hope希望doubt懷疑fact事實formation信息message消息idea主意news消息order命令problem問題promise諾言question問題request請求suggestion建議thought想法truth事實wish愿望desire渴望;欲望word消息●Whenthenewscamethatthewarbrokeout,hedecidedtoserveinthearmy.當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)的消息傳來時,他決定去參軍●Imadeapromisetomyselfthatthisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.我對自己承諾:今年,也就是我高中的第一年,會有所不同。1、（2022年浙江高考1月）Cobb,forherparty,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak______shecoulddosoremotely.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)2、（2021年全國新高考I卷）GoingtoMountHuangshanremindsmeofthepopularBeatles’song“TheLongandWindingRoad”.________issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.3．（2021年北京高考卷）Thepoorwomanwasn'tabletogivehimanyinformationabout________shelived．(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)4、（2020年北京高考卷）Oliversaysifyou’reluckyenoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthem__________youcanjoininwhenit’spossible.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)5、（2019年全國高考I卷）Whiletheyarerarenorthof88，thereisevidence_________heyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.6、（2018年全國高考III卷）I'nnotsure_______ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.一、主語從句1．________Gabrielawasexperiencingwasaculturalclashinexpectations.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）2．______Mikedidn’tturnupatthemeetingyesterdayisunknown.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)3．______somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)4．Obviously,________thepoetwantstoexpressishisdeeploveforhiscountry.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）5．Itwasaroughestimate_________about20percentoftherubbishwasdumpedintothesea.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)6．Itispredicted__________therecoveryoftheJapaneseeconomymightbeshadowedbythenuclearaccidentthere.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）7．________issobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheout-of-this-worldscenes.Therollingseaofcloudsyouseeonceyouareatthetopwillremindyouhowtinywehumansare.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）8．________Ican’tunderstandiswhysomanyhighschoolstudentsareunwillingtomajorinmedicine.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)9．________mattersmostinimprovingyourselfistomakeamanageableplan.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)10．Ireadaboutitinsomemagazineorother;doesitmatter________itwas?（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）11．Sometimes,________wecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehavealreadyhad.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)12．Itisstillnotobvious________thepresidentcandotogetridofthepublic’sanger.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)13．Itworriedheralot________thehairofhermother-in-lawwasturninggrey.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）14．Sotheycollectedclipsof20differentenvironmentalsounds,includingwaterdripping,icecracking,whalescallingandsoon._________theyfoundisthatastherepeatsaccumulated,theparticipantsratedthesoundsasbeingmoretuneful.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)15．________Gabrielawasexperiencingwasaculturalclashinexpectations.Shewasusedtoherpreviousworkenvironmentwheretheteamleaderandmanagertookcontrolandmadedecisions.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）16．TheycanrunatthespeedofanOlympicrunner,butonlyforaminuteandahalforso.________isinterestingistheircube-shapedpoop(糞便).(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)17．WangFang,aconservationbiologistatFudanUniversity,said________wouldbeaffectedbythemineandhydropowerprojectsarenotonlyanimalsbutalsotheregion’sclimatepatternsinthelongrun.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）18．Itisrecommending________thevaccinebeadministeredintwodoses(劑)tothoseaged18andover.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）19．________gavethemessageanevengreatermeaningwasthattherewasnoadvanceplanning.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)20．Itisassumed,forapersontobehealthy,________yinandyangforcesshouldbeinbalance.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)二、同位語從句21．Ihaveenoughevidence____________hardworkpaysoff.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)22．Evidencehasbeenfoundthroughyearsofstudy________children’searlysleepingproblemsarelikelytocontinuewhentheygrowup.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）23．Aproblemhasoccurred________weshoulddevelopinnovativethinkingabilitiesintheclassroomsbygivingstudentsopportunitiestogeneratenewideas.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）24．Doyouhaveanyidea_________isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)25．Wordcame______hewaspunishedbytheking,forhedidn’tkeephisword.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)26．Thereisnodoubt________weshouldbegratefultothosepeoplewhohelpuswhenweareintrouble.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）27．Someoldpeoplestillholdtheview________womenshouldstayathometotakecareofthefamily.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)28．Thereisnopossibility________wewillpickyouupattheairport;thesnowstormhasbeenon.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）29．Haveyouheardofthegoodnews________theseverefloodhasbeenundercontrol?(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)30．Weshouldconsiderthestudents’request________theschoollibraryshouldprovidemoresciencebooks.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)31．Andthisshouldserveasawarningtoothercelebrities________theyhonestlypaytaxesforeverycenttheyhaveearnedorrisktheendoftheircareer.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)32．Therearedoubts________thenewdrugwillbeeffectiveintreatingthedisease.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)三、表語從句33．Healthisveryimportantforcareersuccessandthatis______youshouldexerciseregularly.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）34．Ifyoutakealookaroundyourkitchenoroffice,chancesare________you’llnoticethatyouaresurroundedbyplasticwaterbottles,take-outcups,plasticgrocerybagsandfoodpackages.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）35．Well-made,long-lastingclothingis________weshouldbuyandwear.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）36．Hehasmadesomanymistakes.Thatis_________heistoocareless.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）37．Hiscapabilityhasneverbeenindoubt;thequestionis________heispreparedtoputefforts.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)38．HunanisoneofthemajorriceproducersinChina,andis________farmersplantdouble-croppingrice.Amongtherice’soutput,theyieldofearlyricecameto667.8kgpermuinthetestfields,andthatoflate-seasonricestoodat936.1kgpermu.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）39．ThemessageIwanttoconveyis________itisnevertoolatetopursuegoodhealth.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)40．However,recentresearchfromHarvardMedicalSchoolhasshownthat,onaverage,approximately4，400stepsadayisenoughtosignificantlyreducetheriskofdeathinwomen.Thiswas________itwascomparedtoonlywalkingaround2，700stepsdaily.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）41．Withouthissupport,wewouldn'tbe________wearenow.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）42．However,thefactis________batsplayasignificantroleinkeepingabalancedecosystem.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）43．Anotherreasonis________manyoftoday'syoungpeoplebelieveit'swrongtokillanimalsforfood.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）44．Thisis________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)45．Butmyteacheralwayssays,“Wewanttobe

younger.”soabouttheageofWesternwomen,myadviceis______ifyoudon’tknowit,don’taskaboutit;ifyoureallyknowit,don’tmentionit.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)46．Therewillbechallengesahead,however,whichis______wearefullypreparingforallpossibilities.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)47．Theproblemis________cantaketheplaceofher.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)48．Thekeytobecominghappyis________youtreatyourlifeandwork.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）49．Andthisi