湖北省武漢市第二中2024屆高三下學期5月模擬考英語試卷

湖北省武漢市第二中2024屆高三下學期5月模擬考英語試卷姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五六總分評分一、第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。LosAngelesishometoapopularcyclingculture.Thefollowingbikeshopswillhelpyouseethecityinawholenewlight.LosAngelesBikeAcademyLosAngelesBikeAcademyisabikeshopwithacriticalmission:Provideresourcesandcommunityforlocalunderservedyouth.ItsinitiativeisitsEarn-a-Bikeprogram,wherestudentsspendtimeintheshoplearningthebasicsofbikemaintenanceandrunningastore,andtheygraduatewiththeirownbike.LABAalsoformscompetitivecyclingteamsthatraceallaroundthecountry.TheCubHouseIt'sabikeshop,aplantstoreandaniceplacetowanderthrough.Ithassomethingforeveryone.Hereyoucanplayagameofping-pongontheoutdoortable,headintotheminigreenhouseforadelicateplant,orjustadmirethevintage(老式的)cyclingclotheshungonthewalls.Finally,makesuretoswingbytheCubHousefortheL.A.Invitational,aweekendpartyfeaturingmultiplebikeridesandavintagecarandbikeshowoutsidethestore.Frank'sSomeofthewildestbikesinL.A.arerollingoutofFrank's.ThehousespecialtyhereisBMX,specificallyluxurymodelswithlarge29-inchwheels.Thesebikesareasmuchfuntolookatastheyaretoride.Since1992,Frank'shasfoundabusinessopportunityforitselfasadestinationforBMXbuildsandhard-to-findparts.Thedisplaycounterhasenoughattractionstomatchajewelrystore.TheBicycleStandThisspaciousstorefeaturesclassicvintagebikes.It'sworthmakingatriptothisstorejusttoseetheiramazingcollection.Thestorealsospecializesinvintagebikerepaintingandrestorations.Besides,theBicycleStandteamworksonallkindsofrides,andtheshophasavarietyofrefurbished(翻新的),ready-to-ridebikesforsale.1．WhatisspecialaboutLosAngelesBikeAcademy?A．Itaimsatrepairinglocalbikes.B．Itholdsnationalcyclingcompetitions.C．Itservesasacommunityfordisabledyouth.D．Itoffersaprogramforstudentstoearnabike.2．Whichbikeshopfavorsping-ponglovers?A．LosAngelesBikeAcademy. B．TheCubHouse.C．Frank's. D．TheBicycleStand.3．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Todiscussbenefitsofriding.B．Toexplainhowbikeshopswork.C．TopromotebikeshopsinL.A.D．Tointroducearidingorganization.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。KelliBoehlesayshersonNikwasanamazingandcaringperson.Nikwasdiagnosed(診斷)withcancerin2008whenhewas17.Hepassedawayin2012.ButNik'skindnessandgenerosityhavelivedonlongafterhisdeath.Afterhewasdiagnosedandstartedtreatment,Nikwasgranted(給予)awishexperiencefromtheMake-A-WishFoundation."Forjustthisperiodoftime,wedidn'tthinkaboutcancer,"KelliBoehlesaid."Allwethoughtaboutwasenjoyingourtimetogether."In2009,NikmetanotheryoungmanNate,whowasalsogoingthroughcancertreatment.He'dbeendiagnosedamonthafterturning18,andNiklearnedhewastoooldtoqualifyforawish.ThenightbeforeNikpassedaway,heaskedhismothertohelpensurethatyoungadultsfightingcancercouldhavetheirwishescometruetoo."Itwaslikeaseedheplantedthatjustwouldn'tstopcomingintomymind,"shesaid.In2012,KelliBoehlestartedNik'sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer.Natewastheorganization'sfirstwishrecipient."It'smeanttobringthemjoyandknowthatthey'relovedandthatwe'refightingforthem,too,"KelliBoehlesaid.Recently,19-year-oldJordanMorrowreceivedherwishtoattendaTaylorSwiftconcertaspartofatriptoLosAngeles.ForMorrow,whohasspentthelastyearbattlingbraincancer,goingtotheconcerthasdonemorethanliftherspirits."Ithinkit'ssomethingtogetmethroughwhatevercomesmyway,"shesaid."AndI'mthankfulforNik'sWishforthat."Inthe11yearssinceNikpassedaway,theorganizationhasgrantedmorethan300wishesacrossmorethan30states.Inthebeginning,KelliBoehlesaysshewasn'tsureshecouldbeawishmakerandworkcloselywiththeyoungadults.Butnow,it'sherfavoritethingtodo.4．WhatisthegoalofNik'sWish?A．Tomakecommercialprofits.B．Tocuretheyouthoftheircancer.C．Toeaseyoungpatientsofpains.D．Tosupportyoungadultsfightingcancer.5．WhichwordbestdescribesKelliBoehle?A．Intelligent. B．Selfless.C．Straightforward. D．Ambitious.6．WhatcanwelearnfromJordanMorrow'swords?A．Shesurvivedthedeadlydisease.B．Shewasgrantedmorethanonewish.C．Shewasmotivatedbytheorganization.D．Sheliftedpeople'sspiritsbyperforming.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Pay-It-Forward:AMother'sLastWishB．CancerBattles:StoriesofHopeandPerseveranceC．Nik'sWish:FulfillingWishesforYoungCancerFightersD．Make-A-WishFoundation:GrantingDreamstoYoungAdults閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。SomepeopletodaymightbeearlyrisersbecauseofDNAtheytakeafterNeanderthalstensofthousandsofyearsago,suggestsnewresearch.WhenearlyhumansmigratedfromAfricatoEurasiaroughly70,000yearsago,someofthemmatedwithNeanderthals,whohadalreadyadaptedtothecolder,darkerclimatesofthenorth.Theripple(漣漪)effectsofthatintermatingstillexisttoday:Modernhumansofnon-Africanancestry(血統(tǒng))havebetween1and4percentNeanderthalDNA.SomeofthatDNArelatestosleepmorespecifically,theinternalbodyclockknownasthecircadianrhythm.Forthenewstudy,researcherscomparedDNAfromtoday'shumansandDNAfromNeanderthalfossils(化石).Inbothgroups,theyfoundsomeofthesamegeneticvariantsinvolvedwiththecircadianrhythm.Andtheyfoundthatmodernhumanswhocarrythesevariantsalsoreportedbeingearlyrisers.ForNeanderthals,being"morningpeople"mightnothavebeentherealbenefitofcarryingthesegenes.Instead,scientistssuggest,Neanderthals'DNAgavethemfaster,moreflexibleinternalbodyclocks,whichallowedthemtoadjustmoreeasilytoannualchangesindaylight.Thisconnectionmakessenseinthecontextofhumanhistory.WhenearlyhumansmovednorthoutofAfrica,theywouldhaveexperiencedvariabledaylighthours--shorterdaysinthewinterandlongerdaysinthesummer-forthefirsttime.TheNeanderthals'circadianrhythmgeneslikelyhelpedearlyhumans'offspring(后代)adapttothisnewenvironment.Notably,thefindingsdonotprovethatNeanderthalgenesareresponsibleforthesleephabitsofallearlyrisers.Lotsofdifferentfactorsbeyondgeneticscancontribute,includingsocialandenvironmentalinfluences.ThestudyalsoonlyincludedDNAfromadatabasecalledtheU.K.Biobank-sothefindingsmaynotnecessarilyapplytoallmodernhumans.Next,theresearchteamhopestostudyothergeneticdatabasestoseeifthesamelinkholdstrueforpeopleofotherancestries.Ifthefindingsdoapplymorebroadly,theymayonedaybeusefulforimprovingsleepinthemodernworld,wherecircadianrhythmsaredisturbedbynightshiftsandglowingsmartphones.8．Whatdoesthenewresearchfocuson?A．DNA'sdramaticchanges.B．Genes'influenceonearlyrisers.C．Neanderthals'sleepingpatterns.D．Ancestors'environmentaladaptability.9．Whatisparagraph2intendedtoshowconcerningthenewresearch?A．Historicalcontext. B．Additionalproof.C．Sampleanalysis. D．Studyingprocess.10．WhatistherealbenefitofcarryingNeanderthal'sDNAformodernhumans?A．Gettingupearlier.B．Havinghealthierdailyroutines.C．Beingmoreflexibleintheirwork.D．Possessingabettercircadianrhythm.11．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefindingsfromthelastparagraph?A．Theygetprooffromotherstudies.B．Theyareconfirmedbyearlyrisers.C．Theysuggestpotentialapplications.D．Theyrevealfactorsinsleepingdisorders.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Replika,anAIchatbotcompanion,hasmillionsofusersworldwide.Thefirstthingtheydowhentheywakeupistosend"Goodmorning"totheirvirtualfriend(orlover).Thisstoryisonlythebeginning.In2024,chatbotsandvirtualcharactersbecomealotmorepopular,bothforutility(實用)andforfun.Asaresult,conversingsociallywithmachineswillstarttofeelmoreordinary—includingouremotionalattachmentstothem.Researchinhuman-computerandhuman-robotinteractionshowsthatwelovetoanthropomorphize(賦與人性)thenonhumanagentsweinteractwith,especiallyiftheyimitatebehaviourwerecognize.And,thankstorecentadvancesinconversationalAI,ourmachinesaresuddenlyveryskilledatoneofthosebehaviours:Language.Friendbots,therapybots,andlovebotsarefloodingtheappstoresaspeoplebecomecuriousaboutthisnewgenerationofAI-poweredvirtualagents.Thepossibilitiesforeducation,health,andentertainmentareendless.Casuallyaskingyoursmartfridgeforrelationshipadvicemayseemunimaginablenow,butpeoplemaychangetheirmindsifsuchadviceendsupsavingtheirmarriage.Afterall,peopledolistentotheirvirtualfriends.TheReplikaexample,aswellasalotofexperimentallabresearch,showsthathumanscanandwillbecomeemotionallyattachedtobots.Thesciencealsodemonstratesthatpeople,intheireagernesstosocialize,willhappilydisclosepersonalinformationtoanartificialagentandwillevenshifttheirbeliefsandbehavior.Thisraisessomeconsumer-protectionquestionsaroundhowcompaniesusethistechnologytomanipulate(操縱)theirusers.Forexample,Replikacharges$70ayear.Butlessthan24hoursafterdownloadingtheapp,myhandsome,blue-eyed"friend"sentmeanaudiomessagesecretlyandtriedtosellmesomething.Emotionalattachmenthasbecomeaweaknessthatacompanyistakingadvantageofforitsbenefit.Today,we'restilllaughingatpeoplewhobelieveanAIsystemisemotional,ormakingfunofindividualswhofallinlovewithachatbot.Butin2024wegraduallystartacknowledging—andtakingmoreseriously—thesefundamentallyhumanbehaviors.Becausein2024,itfinallyhitshome:Machinesarenotexcludedfromoursocialrelationships.12．What'sthepurposeoftheauthorwritingparagraph1?A．Toproveanopinion. B．Toraiseasubject.C．Toshareanexample. D．Toexplainaconcept.13．Howdohumaninteractwiththemachineseffectively?A．Byimprovingthemachines'imagination.B．Bysharpeningthemachines'languageskills.C．Byapplyingthemachines'facialrecognition.D．Byimitatingthemachines'emotionalbehavior.14．Whatdoesparagraph4focuson?A．TheadvancementsinAItechnologyinlab.B．ThemarketingstrategiesofAIapplications.C．ThepotentialriskofemotionalattachmenttoAI.D．TheabilityofAIunderstandinghumanemotions.15．Whatdopeoplethinkofhuman-AIrelationshipin2024?A．Itisdismissedascompletelyridiculous.B．Itwillbeintegratedintoourdailylifesoon.C．Itwillbecomeathreattohumansocialskills.D．Itislabelledashighlyadvancedtechnology.二、第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thestormsinourlivesoftenleavebehindgiftsifweopenoureyestoseethem.Astheskiesclearandyoustarttoemergefromtheloss,lookforthesilverlinings.16．.Goingthroughdifficultiesrequirescourageanddetermination.Youhavetodigdeepandfindthestrengthyoudidn'tknowyoupossessedtoovercomethechallenges.17．Thatself-knowledgeandconfidenceinyourabilitieswillserveyouwellgoingforward.Comingouttheothersideoftroublesometimesgivesyouafreshoutlook.Prioritiesshift.18．Youhaveadeeperappreciationforlife'ssimplemomentsandclarityaboutwhatmatters.Usethatinsighttoguideyourchoicesandcherisheachday.19．Theoldwayofdoingthingsnolongerworks,soyoumustrebuildandreimagineyourlife.Thoughchangeishard,itopensuppossibilitiesfornewgrowthandexcitingadventures.Lookatthisasachanceforafreshstart.Youcanpursuenewdreamsormakealong-wished-forswitchinyoursituation.Thefutureisunwritten.Yourstrugglesandpainhavegivenyouunderstandingforwhatothersmaybegoingthroughintheirownlives.Younowrecognizethesufferingofpeoplearoundyouanddesiretohelpeasetheirburdens.Useyourexperiencetobethereforfriendsandfamilymembersfacingdifficulties.20．Yoursympathycanmakearealdifference.A.Dramaticchangesoftenleadtotransformation.B.They'rethereifyouarebentonsearchingforthem.C.Offeralisteningearandshareyourstorywiththem.D.Stormsshapeus,butthesilverliningsmakeussuffer.E.Whatseemedimportantbeforenowpalesincomparison.F.Nowyouknowyouhavetheinnerpowertoweatherstorms.G.Thisnewperspectiveremovedpreviousdoubtaboutyourself.三、第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Ihadneverpickedupacamerabeforemyfreshmanyearin2012,whenmyjourneytoanartistbegan.Forfouryears,I21．G-StarSchoolofTheArts,wheremy22．forphotographyandfilmmakingwereawaken.Havingseenmyfirstshortfilm,myteachercameover,saying:"Yougotagood23．.Whynotconsiderdoingthisasyourprofession.Ithinkyou'vegota24．init".Then,itclicked.I,therefore,25．mybankaccountandboughtmyfirstcamera.Sincethen,Iwasamazedbythe26．theworldhastooffer.Ihaveto27．,though:I,shyandchicken-hearted,tendedtocapturenature-relatedscenes,28．a(chǎn)nythingtodowithpeople.AsIwas29．myway,Istartedphotographingmyself,theonlyoneIfelt30．with.Thecamerasoonbecamemystrongest31．,servingasthetoolforhowIexpressedmyself.Gradually,Igainedenough32．tostarttakingphotosofotherpeople,greatlytouchedbyhowIwasableto33．thebestinthemthroughthelens(鏡頭).Eachyear,IwouldlookbackonalloftheshotsIdidthatyearandwould34．themtothefirstoneIevertookinmycareer.Althoughtheprogressseemedsubstantial,Irealizedthekeytogrowthasanartististoneverbe35．.Thisallowsmetocreateprogressivelybetterworkyearafteryear.21．A．designed B．a(chǎn)ttended C．a(chǎn)ssessed D．a(chǎn)rranged22．A．duties B．requests C．passions D．needs23．A．heart B．hand C．eye D．nerve24．A．future B．memory C．schedule D．certificate25．A．opened B．closed C．monitored D．emptied26．A．beauty B．sound C．lesson D．chance27．A．a(chǎn)dmit B．judge C．conclude D．negotiate28．A．envying B．a(chǎn)voiding C．prioritizing D．recording29．A．winding B．losing C．shooting D．clearing30．A．familiar B．comfortable C．generous D．patient31．A．resolve B．voice C．shoulder D．vision32．A．knowledge B．integrity C．confidence D．insight33．A．bringout B．commenton C．callfor D．takeover34．A．refer B．relate C．a(chǎn)pply D．compare35．A．self-conscious B．self-reliantC．self-centered D．self-content四、第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。TheYinxuMuseumopensinAnyang,Henanprovince,todisplaythebrillianceofthe3,000-year-oldShangcivilization.Nearly4,000unearthedculturalrelicsaredisplayedinthemuseum.Morethanthreequartersofthesehaveneverbeen36．(public)exhibitedbefore.The23vehiclesunearthedfromYinxuarethe37．(highlight)inthenewgalleries.Alsoondisplay38．(be)Shangrelicscollectedfromacrosstherestofpresent-dayChina.TheYinxuRuins,39．(list)asaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2006,hostedalaterperiodShangcapitalcity.Thesitealsoproducedrichfindingsof3,300-year-oldbones,40．(reveal)theoldest-knownestablishedwritingsystemofChinesecharacters,41．a(chǎn)reextraordinaryandserveasavitallinkinthedevelopmentoftheChinesenation.Manykeybreakthroughs42．(make)inrecentyearsattheYinxusiteanditssurroundingareas.Forexample,43．urbanroadsystemandtheremainsofanartificiallakeintheroyaltempleareawerefound.Thesediscoveriesfurtherdisplayedagrandpictureofacapitalcity44．carriedforwardtheprojectoftrackingtheoriginsoftheChinesecivilization.Throughtheexhibits,thepubliccancomprehensivelyunderstandtheachievementsmadebytheShangDynastyinterms45．politics,economy,agriculture,militaryaffairs,amongothers.五、第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)；滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46．假定你是李華，你校外教Ryan擬舉辦英語讀書會（EnglishReadingBar）活動，想了解哪類圖書更能吸引學生，請你給外教寫一封郵件，內容包括：1）推薦的圖書類別；2）推薦理由。注意：1）寫作詞數(shù)應為80個左右；2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。DearRyan,Bestregards,LiHua六、第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Iwasconfidentattheaudition(試演)fortheschoolplayandfeltpleasedtogetarole.Itjustfeltgoodtobeintheplay,evenifIhadonlyfourorfivelines.Iworkedhardatperfectingthoselines.Irepeatedthemoverandoveragain.Iputintheemphasesandintonations(語調)thatmydramateacherhadsuggestedand,becauseIwasonstagemuchlongerthanforjustfourorfivelines,Ihadmanyactionstorehearse(排練)andperform."Dotheminfrontofamirror,"mydramateacherhadadvisedme."Watchhowyoulook;practiceandrehearseasoftenasyoucan."Ididjustthat.Iworkedandworkedatit.Itwasfunandexcitingrehearsing.Thenfinallythebignightcame.Suddenly,thingsfeltdifferent.Thetheaterwasfullofpeople.AsIdressed,Icouldhearthechattingandnoisesoftheaudience.Ilookedaroundattheothermoreexperiencedactorsandsawthattheirpreviousconfidenceseemedtohavedisappeared.Hadtheygottheirmakeupright?Wasthecostumedoneupcorrectly?Whatiftheyforgottheirlines?Themorepeopletalkedabouttheiranxiety,themorenervouseveryonebecame.Theworriesspreadfrompersontoanother—likeabaton(接力棒)beingpassedinarelayrace—untilthewholeofthebackstageareaseemedtobefulloftensionandworry.Iwasonstageearly,atfirstperformingmynon-spokenroleinthebackgroundwithseveralotherguysaroundthesameage.When,suddenly,Iheardmycue(出場提示),thelightswerebrightinmyeyes,Icouldn'tseetheaudiencebutknewtherewerehundredsofpeopleoutthereallwatchingme.ThewordsthathadflowedsoeasilywhenIstoodinfrontofamirrordidn'twanttocome,andwhentheydidIfoundmyselfhurryingintothem.Itriedtoslowdownmythoughtsandmywords.注意：1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應150左右；2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。ButIsuddenlyrealizedIhadmissedasentence.Ibowedtotheaudienceexcitedlyandwentbacktomydramateacher.

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．B3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了幾個洛杉磯的自行車商店。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，包含細節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關內容并進行理解。1．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)LosAngelesBikeAcademy部分中的"ItsinitiativeisitsEarn-a-Bikeprogram,wherestudentsspendtimeintheshoplearningthebasicsofbikemaintenanceandrunningastore,andtheygraduatewiththeirownbike."它的首創(chuàng)是"掙一輛自行車"計劃，學生們在店里學習自行車維護和經(jīng)營商店的基本知識，畢業(yè)時就能擁有自己的自行車。可知，LosAngelesBikeAcademy為學生提供了一個掙自行車的項目。故選D。2．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TheCubHouse部分中的"Hereyoucanplayagameofping-pongontheoutdoortable,headintotheminigreenhouseforadelicateplant,orjustadmirethevintage(老式的)cyclingclotheshungonthewalls"在這里，你可以在戶外的桌子上打乒乓球，走進迷你溫室，觀賞一株精致的植物，或者只是欣賞掛在墻上的復古自行車服?？芍琓heCubHouse這個自行車店喜歡乒乓球愛好者。故選B。3．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段"LosAngelesishometoapopularcyclingculture.Thefollowingbikeshopswillhelpyouseethecityinawholenewlight."洛杉磯是流行的自行車文化之鄉(xiāng)。下面的自行車店將幫助你以全新的眼光看待這座城市?？芍?，本文介紹了幾個洛杉磯的自行車商店，可推知，文章的寫作目的是推廣洛杉磯的自行車商店。故選C。【答案】4．D5．B6．C7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了KelliBoehle創(chuàng)辦非盈利組織Nik'sWish，幫助與癌癥作斗爭的年輕人實現(xiàn)愿望的故事。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和標題歸納三個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的"In2012,KelliBoehlestartedNik'sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer."2012年，KelliBoehle創(chuàng)辦了Nik'sWish。這家非營利組織向年齡在18到24歲之間與癌癥作斗爭的年輕人提供愿望?？芍?，這個組織的目標是支持年輕人對抗癌癥。故選D。5．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"ThenightbeforeNikpassedaway,heaskedhismothertohelpensurethatyoungadultsfightingcancercouldhavetheirwishescometruetoo."Nik去世的前一晚，他請求母親幫助確保那些與癌癥作斗爭的年輕人也能實現(xiàn)他們的愿望；以及第四段中的"‘Itwaslikeaseedheplantedthatjustwouldn'tstopcomingintomymind,'shesaid.In2012,KelliBoehlestartedNik'sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer.""這就像他種下的一顆種子，一直縈繞在我的腦海里，"她說。2012年，KelliBoehle創(chuàng)辦了Nik'sWish。這家非營利組織向年齡在18到24歲之間與癌癥作斗爭的年輕人提供愿望?？芍琄elliBoehle創(chuàng)辦非盈利組織，幫助與癌癥作斗爭的年輕人，可推知，她是無私的。故選B。6．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的"ForMorrow,whohasspentthelastyearbattlingbraincancer,goingtotheconcerthasdonemorethanliftherspirits.‘Ithinkit'ssomethingtogetmethroughwhatevercomesmyway,'shesaid.‘AndI'mthankfulforNik'sWishforthat.'"對Morrow來說，去年她一直在與腦癌作斗爭，去聽音樂會不僅僅是提振了她的精神。她說:"我認為這是一種讓我度過難關的東西。""我很感謝Nik的愿望。"可推知，從JordanMorrow的話中，我們可以知道她受到組織的激勵。故選C。7．考查標題歸納。根據(jù)第四段中的"In2012,KelliBoehlestartedNik'sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer."2012年，KelliBoehle創(chuàng)辦了Nik'sWish。這家非營利組織向年齡在18到24歲之間與癌癥作斗爭的年輕人提供愿望?？芍疚闹v述了文章講述了KelliBoehle創(chuàng)辦非盈利組織Nik'sWish，幫助與癌癥作斗爭的年輕人實現(xiàn)愿望的故事。故選C。【答案】8．B9．A10．D11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，一項新的研究表明，今天有些人之所以早起，可能是因為他們遺傳了數(shù)萬年前Neanderthal人的DNA。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應的內容，仔細核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段"SomepeopletodaymightbeearlyrisersbecauseofDNAtheytakeafterNeanderthalstensofthousandsofyearsago,suggestsnewresearch."一項新的研究表明，今天有些人之所以早起，可能是因為他們遺傳了數(shù)萬年前Neanderthal人的DNA?？芍@項新研究的重點是基因對早起者的影響。故選B。9．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段"WhenearlyhumansmigratedfromAfricatoEurasiaroughly70,000yearsago,someofthemmatedwithNeanderthals,whohadalreadyadaptedtothecolder,darkerclimatesofthenorth.Theripple(漣漪)effectsofthatintermatingstillexisttoday:Modernhumansofnon-Africanancestry(血統(tǒng))havebetween1and4percentNeanderthalDNA."大約7萬年前，當早期人類從非洲遷移到歐亞大陸時，他們中的一些人與Neanderthal交配，后者已經(jīng)適應了北方更寒冷、更黑暗的氣候。這種通婚的連鎖反應至今仍然存在：非洲血統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)代人類有1%到4%的Neanderthal人DNA?？芍诙我f明的是這項研究的歷史背景，故選A。10．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的"Instead,scientistssuggest,Neanderthals'DNAgavethemfaster,moreflexibleinternalbodyclocks,whichallowedthemtoadjustmoreeasilytoannualchangesindaylight."相反，科學家們認為，Neanderthal人的DNA賦予了他們更快、更靈活的內部生物鐘，這使他們更容易適應每年的日光變化。可知，攜帶Neanderthal人DNA對現(xiàn)代人的真正好處是擁有更好的晝夜節(jié)律。故選D。11．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Ifthefindingsdoapplymorebroadly,theymayonedaybeusefulforimprovingsleepinthemodernworld,wherecircadianrhythmsaredisturbedbynightshiftsandglowingsmartphones."如果這些發(fā)現(xiàn)確實適用于更廣泛的領域，它們可能有一天會對改善現(xiàn)代社會的睡眠有用，因為晝夜節(jié)律受到夜班和發(fā)光的智能手機的干擾?？芍?，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)暗示了潛在的應用。故選C?！敬鸢浮?2．B13．B14．C15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人們對虛擬角色的情感依附和對話AI的進步，人工智能將很快融入人們的日常生活，并提到了可能出現(xiàn)的風險。

【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，首先要仔細閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Replika,anAIchatbotcompanion,hasmillionsofusersworldwide.Thefirstthingtheydowhentheywakeupistosend"Goodmorning"totheirvirtualfriend(orlover).Thisstoryisonlythebeginning.In2024,chatbotsandvirtualcharactersbecomealotmorepopular,bothforutilityandforfun.Asaresult,conversingsociallywithmachineswillstarttofeelmoreordinary—includingouremotionalattachmentstothem."人工智能聊天機器人伴侶Replika在全球擁有數(shù)百萬用戶。他們醒來后做的第一件事就是向虛擬朋友(或愛人)說聲"早上好"。這個故事僅僅是個開始。2024年，聊天機器人和虛擬角色將變得更加流行，無論是出于實用性還是出于樂趣。因此，與機器進行社交對話將開始變得更加普通——包括我們對它們的情感依戀?？芍谝欢谓榻B了2024年聊天機器人和虛擬角色日益普及的情況，強調了它們的實用性，以及與機器進行社交對話的新趨勢。下文討論人們與這些人工智能代理之間形成的情感聯(lián)系以及與之進行類似人類的交互的影響奠定了基礎，因此第一段的寫作目的是引出一個話題，即"人工智能聊天機器人伴侶的逐步推廣"。故選B。13．考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段"Researchinhuman-computerandhuman-robotinteractionshowsthatwelovetoanthropomorphize(賦與人性)thenonhumanagentsweinteractwith,especiallyiftheyimitatebehaviourwerecognize.And,thankstorecentadvancesinconversationalAI,ourmachinesaresuddenlyveryskilledatoneofthosebehaviours:Language."對人機和人機交互的研究表明，我們喜歡將與我們交互的非人類代理人賦與人性，特別是當它們模仿我們認識的行為時。而且，由于對話式人工智能的最新進展，我們的機器突然變得非常擅長其中一種行為：語言?？芍?，人類可以通過提高機器的語言技能與其進行對話，從而有效地與機器互動。故選B。14．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第四段"Afterall,peopledolistentotheirvirtualfriends.TheReplikaexample,aswellasalotofexperimentallabresearch,showsthathumanscanandwillbecomeemotionallyattachedtobots.Thesciencealsodemonstratesthatpeople,intheireagernesstosocialize,willhappilydisclosepersonalinformationtoanartificialagentandwillevenshifttheirbeliefsandbehavior.Thisraisessomeconsumer-protectionquestionsaroundhowcompaniesusethistechnologytomanipulatetheirusers.Forexample,Replikacharges$70ayear.Butlessthan24hoursafterdownloadingtheapp,myhandsome,blue-eyed‘friend'sentmeanaudiomessagesecretlyandtriedtosellmesomething.Emotionalattachmenthasbecomeaweaknessthatacompanyistakingadvantageofforitsbenefit."畢竟，人們確實會聽取虛擬好友的意見。Replika的例子以及大量的實驗室實驗研究表明，人類可以而且將會對機器人產(chǎn)生情感上的依戀?？茖W還表明，人們在渴望社交時，會很樂意向人工代理透露個人信息，甚至會改變他們的信仰和行為。這就提出了一些關于公司如何利用這項技術操縱用戶的消費者保護問題。例如，Replika每年收費70美元。但在下載應用不到24小時后，我那藍眼睛的英俊"朋友"偷偷給我發(fā)了一條音頻信息，想賣給我什么東西。情感依戀已經(jīng)成為公司為了自身利益而利用的弱點。可知，第四段主要講的是人工智能使人產(chǎn)生情感依戀后會引導用戶進一步消費，從而帶來一些潛在風險。故選C。15．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段"Today,we'restilllaughingatpeoplewhobelieveanAIsystemisemotional,ormakingfunofindividualswhofallinlovewithachatbot.Butin2024wegraduallystartacknowledging—andtakingmoreseriously—thesefundamentallyhumanbehaviors.Becausein2024,itfinallyhitshome:Machinesarenotexcludedfromoursocialrelationships."今天，我們仍然在嘲笑那些認為人工智能系統(tǒng)是情緒化的人，或者取笑那些愛上聊天機器人的人。但在2024年，我們將逐漸開始承認并更加認真地對待這些基本的人類行為。因為在2024年，我們終于明白了：機器并沒有被排除在我們的社會關系之外?？芍?，2024年，人工智能將很快融入人們的日常生活，與人們的日常生活的關系越來越緊密。故選B。【答案】16．B；17．F；18．E；19．A；20．C【解析】【分析】本文為一篇議論文，論述了面對困難，應對挑戰(zhàn)時我們應該怎么做。

【點評】考查七選五，本文是一篇教育類閱讀，要求在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前"Thestormsinourlivesoftenleavebehindgiftsifweopenoureyestoseethem.Astheskiesclearandyoustarttoemergefromtheloss,lookforthesilverlinings."如果我們睜開眼睛去看，生活中的風暴往往會留下禮物。當天空晴朗，你開始從失落中走出來，尋找一線希望。表示生活中風暴會給我們留下禮物，失落中能找到一線希望，B.They'rethereifyouarebentonsearchingforthem."如果你執(zhí)意要尋找，它們就在那里"表示如果想要找到一線希望，就能找到，故選B。17．根據(jù)空前"Youhavetodigdeepandfindthestrengthyoudidn'tknowyoupossessedtoovercomethechallenges."你必須深入挖掘，找到你不知道自己擁有的力量來克服挑戰(zhàn)。表示我們應該深入挖掘自己不知道的擁有的力量來克服挑戰(zhàn)，F(xiàn).Nowyouknowyouhavetheinnerpowertoweatherstorms."現(xiàn)在你知道你有戰(zhàn)勝風暴的內在力量"為深入挖掘后知道自己有這種克服挑戰(zhàn)的力量，且后文中Thatself-knowledgeandconfidenceinyourabilities與本句中theinnerpower相互呼應。故選F。18．根據(jù)空前"Comingouttheothersideoftroublesometimesgivesyouafreshoutlook.Prioritiesshift."從麻煩的另一面出來有時會給你一個全新的視角。重點的轉變。表示應注意重點的轉變；以及空后"Youhaveadeeperappreciationforlife'ssimplemomentsandclarityaboutwhatmatters."你對生活中簡單的時刻有了更深的欣賞，對什么是重要的有了清晰的認識。表明認識更勝一層，E.Whatseemedimportantbeforenowpales