湖北省武漢市第二中2024屆高三下學(xué)期5月模擬考英語(yǔ)試卷

湖北省武漢市第二中2024屆高三下學(xué)期5月模擬考英語(yǔ)試卷姓名：__________班級(jí)：__________考號(hào)：__________題號(hào)一二三四五六總分評(píng)分一、第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。LosAngelesishometoapopularcyclingculture.Thefollowingbikeshopswillhelpyouseethecityinawholenewlight.LosAngelesBikeAcademyLosAngelesBikeAcademyisabikeshopwithacriticalmission:Provideresourcesandcommunityforlocalunderservedyouth.ItsinitiativeisitsEarn-a-Bikeprogram,wherestudentsspendtimeintheshoplearningthebasicsofbikemaintenanceandrunningastore,andtheygraduatewiththeirownbike.LABAalsoformscompetitivecyclingteamsthatraceallaroundthecountry.TheCubHouseIt'sabikeshop,aplantstoreandaniceplacetowanderthrough.Ithassomethingforeveryone.Hereyoucanplayagameofping-pongontheoutdoortable,headintotheminigreenhouseforadelicateplant,orjustadmirethevintage(老式的)cyclingclotheshungonthewalls.Finally,makesuretoswingbytheCubHousefortheL.A.Invitational,aweekendpartyfeaturingmultiplebikeridesandavintagecarandbikeshowoutsidethestore.Frank'sSomeofthewildestbikesinL.A.arerollingoutofFrank's.ThehousespecialtyhereisBMX,specificallyluxurymodelswithlarge29-inchwheels.Thesebikesareasmuchfuntolookatastheyaretoride.Since1992,Frank'shasfoundabusinessopportunityforitselfasadestinationforBMXbuildsandhard-to-findparts.Thedisplaycounterhasenoughattractionstomatchajewelrystore.TheBicycleStandThisspaciousstorefeaturesclassicvintagebikes.It'sworthmakingatriptothisstorejusttoseetheiramazingcollection.Thestorealsospecializesinvintagebikerepaintingandrestorations.Besides,theBicycleStandteamworksonallkindsofrides,andtheshophasavarietyofrefurbished(翻新的),ready-to-ridebikesforsale.1．WhatisspecialaboutLosAngelesBikeAcademy?A．Itaimsatrepairinglocalbikes.B．Itholdsnationalcyclingcompetitions.C．Itservesasacommunityfordisabledyouth.D．Itoffersaprogramforstudentstoearnabike.2．Whichbikeshopfavorsping-ponglovers?A．LosAngelesBikeAcademy. B．TheCubHouse.C．Frank's. D．TheBicycleStand.3．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Todiscussbenefitsofriding.B．Toexplainhowbikeshopswork.C．TopromotebikeshopsinL.A.D．Tointroducearidingorganization.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。KelliBoehlesayshersonNikwasanamazingandcaringperson.Nikwasdiagnosed(診斷)withcancerin2008whenhewas17.Hepassedawayin2012.ButNik'skindnessandgenerosityhavelivedonlongafterhisdeath.Afterhewasdiagnosedandstartedtreatment,Nikwasgranted(給予)awishexperiencefromtheMake-A-WishFoundation."Forjustthisperiodoftime,wedidn'tthinkaboutcancer,"KelliBoehlesaid."Allwethoughtaboutwasenjoyingourtimetogether."In2009,NikmetanotheryoungmanNate,whowasalsogoingthroughcancertreatment.He'dbeendiagnosedamonthafterturning18,andNiklearnedhewastoooldtoqualifyforawish.ThenightbeforeNikpassedaway,heaskedhismothertohelpensurethatyoungadultsfightingcancercouldhavetheirwishescometruetoo."Itwaslikeaseedheplantedthatjustwouldn'tstopcomingintomymind,"shesaid.In2012,KelliBoehlestartedNik'sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer.Natewastheorganization'sfirstwishrecipient."It'smeanttobringthemjoyandknowthatthey'relovedandthatwe'refightingforthem,too,"KelliBoehlesaid.Recently,19-year-oldJordanMorrowreceivedherwishtoattendaTaylorSwiftconcertaspartofatriptoLosAngeles.ForMorrow,whohasspentthelastyearbattlingbraincancer,goingtotheconcerthasdonemorethanliftherspirits."Ithinkit'ssomethingtogetmethroughwhatevercomesmyway,"shesaid."AndI'mthankfulforNik'sWishforthat."Inthe11yearssinceNikpassedaway,theorganizationhasgrantedmorethan300wishesacrossmorethan30states.Inthebeginning,KelliBoehlesaysshewasn'tsureshecouldbeawishmakerandworkcloselywiththeyoungadults.Butnow,it'sherfavoritethingtodo.4．WhatisthegoalofNik'sWish?A．Tomakecommercialprofits.B．Tocuretheyouthoftheircancer.C．Toeaseyoungpatientsofpains.D．Tosupportyoungadultsfightingcancer.5．WhichwordbestdescribesKelliBoehle?A．Intelligent. B．Selfless.C．Straightforward. D．Ambitious.6．WhatcanwelearnfromJordanMorrow'swords?A．Shesurvivedthedeadlydisease.B．Shewasgrantedmorethanonewish.C．Shewasmotivatedbytheorganization.D．Sheliftedpeople'sspiritsbyperforming.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Pay-It-Forward:AMother'sLastWishB．CancerBattles:StoriesofHopeandPerseveranceC．Nik'sWish:FulfillingWishesforYoungCancerFightersD．Make-A-WishFoundation:GrantingDreamstoYoungAdults閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。SomepeopletodaymightbeearlyrisersbecauseofDNAtheytakeafterNeanderthalstensofthousandsofyearsago,suggestsnewresearch.WhenearlyhumansmigratedfromAfricatoEurasiaroughly70,000yearsago,someofthemmatedwithNeanderthals,whohadalreadyadaptedtothecolder,darkerclimatesofthenorth.Theripple(漣漪)effectsofthatintermatingstillexisttoday:Modernhumansofnon-Africanancestry(血統(tǒng))havebetween1and4percentNeanderthalDNA.SomeofthatDNArelatestosleepmorespecifically,theinternalbodyclockknownasthecircadianrhythm.Forthenewstudy,researcherscomparedDNAfromtoday'shumansandDNAfromNeanderthalfossils(化石).Inbothgroups,theyfoundsomeofthesamegeneticvariantsinvolvedwiththecircadianrhythm.Andtheyfoundthatmodernhumanswhocarrythesevariantsalsoreportedbeingearlyrisers.ForNeanderthals,being"morningpeople"mightnothavebeentherealbenefitofcarryingthesegenes.Instead,scientistssuggest,Neanderthals'DNAgavethemfaster,moreflexibleinternalbodyclocks,whichallowedthemtoadjustmoreeasilytoannualchangesindaylight.Thisconnectionmakessenseinthecontextofhumanhistory.WhenearlyhumansmovednorthoutofAfrica,theywouldhaveexperiencedvariabledaylighthours--shorterdaysinthewinterandlongerdaysinthesummer-forthefirsttime.TheNeanderthals'circadianrhythmgeneslikelyhelpedearlyhumans'offspring(后代)adapttothisnewenvironment.Notably,thefindingsdonotprovethatNeanderthalgenesareresponsibleforthesleephabitsofallearlyrisers.Lotsofdifferentfactorsbeyondgeneticscancontribute,includingsocialandenvironmentalinfluences.ThestudyalsoonlyincludedDNAfromadatabasecalledtheU.K.Biobank-sothefindingsmaynotnecessarilyapplytoallmodernhumans.Next,theresearchteamhopestostudyothergeneticdatabasestoseeifthesamelinkholdstrueforpeopleofotherancestries.Ifthefindingsdoapplymorebroadly,theymayonedaybeusefulforimprovingsleepinthemodernworld,wherecircadianrhythmsaredisturbedbynightshiftsandglowingsmartphones.8．Whatdoesthenewresearchfocuson?A．DNA'sdramaticchanges.B．Genes'influenceonearlyrisers.C．Neanderthals'sleepingpatterns.D．Ancestors'environmentaladaptability.9．Whatisparagraph2intendedtoshowconcerningthenewresearch?A．Historicalcontext. B．Additionalproof.C．Sampleanalysis. D．Studyingprocess.10．WhatistherealbenefitofcarryingNeanderthal'sDNAformodernhumans?A．Gettingupearlier.B．Havinghealthierdailyroutines.C．Beingmoreflexibleintheirwork.D．Possessingabettercircadianrhythm.11．Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefindingsfromthelastparagraph?A．Theygetprooffromotherstudies.B．Theyareconfirmedbyearlyrisers.C．Theysuggestpotentialapplications.D．Theyrevealfactorsinsleepingdisorders.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Replika,anAIchatbotcompanion,hasmillionsofusersworldwide.Thefirstthingtheydowhentheywakeupistosend"Goodmorning"totheirvirtualfriend(orlover).Thisstoryisonlythebeginning.In2024,chatbotsandvirtualcharactersbecomealotmorepopular,bothforutility(實(shí)用)andforfun.Asaresult,conversingsociallywithmachineswillstarttofeelmoreordinary—includingouremotionalattachmentstothem.Researchinhuman-computerandhuman-robotinteractionshowsthatwelovetoanthropomorphize(賦與人性)thenonhumanagentsweinteractwith,especiallyiftheyimitatebehaviourwerecognize.And,thankstorecentadvancesinconversationalAI,ourmachinesaresuddenlyveryskilledatoneofthosebehaviours:Language.Friendbots,therapybots,andlovebotsarefloodingtheappstoresaspeoplebecomecuriousaboutthisnewgenerationofAI-poweredvirtualagents.Thepossibilitiesforeducation,health,andentertainmentareendless.Casuallyaskingyoursmartfridgeforrelationshipadvicemayseemunimaginablenow,butpeoplemaychangetheirmindsifsuchadviceendsupsavingtheirmarriage.Afterall,peopledolistentotheirvirtualfriends.TheReplikaexample,aswellasalotofexperimentallabresearch,showsthathumanscanandwillbecomeemotionallyattachedtobots.Thesciencealsodemonstratesthatpeople,intheireagernesstosocialize,willhappilydisclosepersonalinformationtoanartificialagentandwillevenshifttheirbeliefsandbehavior.Thisraisessomeconsumer-protectionquestionsaroundhowcompaniesusethistechnologytomanipulate(操縱)theirusers.Forexample,Replikacharges$70ayear.Butlessthan24hoursafterdownloadingtheapp,myhandsome,blue-eyed"friend"sentmeanaudiomessagesecretlyandtriedtosellmesomething.Emotionalattachmenthasbecomeaweaknessthatacompanyistakingadvantageofforitsbenefit.Today,we'restilllaughingatpeoplewhobelieveanAIsystemisemotional,ormakingfunofindividualswhofallinlovewithachatbot.Butin2024wegraduallystartacknowledging—andtakingmoreseriously—thesefundamentallyhumanbehaviors.Becausein2024,itfinallyhitshome:Machinesarenotexcludedfromoursocialrelationships.12．What'sthepurposeoftheauthorwritingparagraph1?A．Toproveanopinion. B．Toraiseasubject.C．Toshareanexample. D．Toexplainaconcept.13．Howdohumaninteractwiththemachineseffectively?A．Byimprovingthemachines'imagination.B．Bysharpeningthemachines'languageskills.C．Byapplyingthemachines'facialrecognition.D．Byimitatingthemachines'emotionalbehavior.14．Whatdoesparagraph4focuson?A．TheadvancementsinAItechnologyinlab.B．ThemarketingstrategiesofAIapplications.C．ThepotentialriskofemotionalattachmenttoAI.D．TheabilityofAIunderstandinghumanemotions.15．Whatdopeoplethinkofhuman-AIrelationshipin2024?A．Itisdismissedascompletelyridiculous.B．Itwillbeintegratedintoourdailylifesoon.C．Itwillbecomeathreattohumansocialskills.D．Itislabelledashighlyadvancedtechnology.二、第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Thestormsinourlivesoftenleavebehindgiftsifweopenoureyestoseethem.Astheskiesclearandyoustarttoemergefromtheloss,lookforthesilverlinings.16．.Goingthroughdifficultiesrequirescourageanddetermination.Youhavetodigdeepandfindthestrengthyoudidn'tknowyoupossessedtoovercomethechallenges.17．Thatself-knowledgeandconfidenceinyourabilitieswillserveyouwellgoingforward.Comingouttheothersideoftroublesometimesgivesyouafreshoutlook.Prioritiesshift.18．Youhaveadeeperappreciationforlife'ssimplemomentsandclarityaboutwhatmatters.Usethatinsighttoguideyourchoicesandcherisheachday.19．Theoldwayofdoingthingsnolongerworks,soyoumustrebuildandreimagineyourlife.Thoughchangeishard,itopensuppossibilitiesfornewgrowthandexcitingadventures.Lookatthisasachanceforafreshstart.Youcanpursuenewdreamsormakealong-wished-forswitchinyoursituation.Thefutureisunwritten.Yourstrugglesandpainhavegivenyouunderstandingforwhatothersmaybegoingthroughintheirownlives.Younowrecognizethesufferingofpeoplearoundyouanddesiretohelpeasetheirburdens.Useyourexperiencetobethereforfriendsandfamilymembersfacingdifficulties.20．Yoursympathycanmakearealdifference.A.Dramaticchangesoftenleadtotransformation.B.They'rethereifyouarebentonsearchingforthem.C.Offeralisteningearandshareyourstorywiththem.D.Stormsshapeus,butthesilverliningsmakeussuffer.E.Whatseemedimportantbeforenowpalesincomparison.F.Nowyouknowyouhavetheinnerpowertoweatherstorms.G.Thisnewperspectiveremovedpreviousdoubtaboutyourself.三、第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Ihadneverpickedupacamerabeforemyfreshmanyearin2012,whenmyjourneytoanartistbegan.Forfouryears,I21．G-StarSchoolofTheArts,wheremy22．forphotographyandfilmmakingwereawaken.Havingseenmyfirstshortfilm,myteachercameover,saying:"Yougotagood23．.Whynotconsiderdoingthisasyourprofession.Ithinkyou'vegota24．init".Then,itclicked.I,therefore,25．mybankaccountandboughtmyfirstcamera.Sincethen,Iwasamazedbythe26．theworldhastooffer.Ihaveto27．,though:I,shyandchicken-hearted,tendedtocapturenature-relatedscenes,28．a(chǎn)nythingtodowithpeople.AsIwas29．myway,Istartedphotographingmyself,theonlyoneIfelt30．with.Thecamerasoonbecamemystrongest31．,servingasthetoolforhowIexpressedmyself.Gradually,Igainedenough32．tostarttakingphotosofotherpeople,greatlytouchedbyhowIwasableto33．thebestinthemthroughthelens(鏡頭).Eachyear,IwouldlookbackonalloftheshotsIdidthatyearandwould34．themtothefirstoneIevertookinmycareer.Althoughtheprogressseemedsubstantial,Irealizedthekeytogrowthasanartististoneverbe35．.Thisallowsmetocreateprogressivelybetterworkyearafteryear.21．A．designed B．a(chǎn)ttended C．a(chǎn)ssessed D．a(chǎn)rranged22．A．duties B．requests C．passions D．needs23．A．heart B．hand C．eye D．nerve24．A．future B．memory C．schedule D．certificate25．A．opened B．closed C．monitored D．emptied26．A．beauty B．sound C．lesson D．chance27．A．a(chǎn)dmit B．judge C．conclude D．negotiate28．A．envying B．a(chǎn)voiding C．prioritizing D．recording29．A．winding B．losing C．shooting D．clearing30．A．familiar B．comfortable C．generous D．patient31．A．resolve B．voice C．shoulder D．vision32．A．knowledge B．integrity C．confidence D．insight33．A．bringout B．commenton C．callfor D．takeover34．A．refer B．relate C．a(chǎn)pply D．compare35．A．self-conscious B．self-reliantC．self-centered D．self-content四、第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheYinxuMuseumopensinAnyang,Henanprovince,todisplaythebrillianceofthe3,000-year-oldShangcivilization.Nearly4,000unearthedculturalrelicsaredisplayedinthemuseum.Morethanthreequartersofthesehaveneverbeen36．(public)exhibitedbefore.The23vehiclesunearthedfromYinxuarethe37．(highlight)inthenewgalleries.Alsoondisplay38．(be)Shangrelicscollectedfromacrosstherestofpresent-dayChina.TheYinxuRuins,39．(list)asaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2006,hostedalaterperiodShangcapitalcity.Thesitealsoproducedrichfindingsof3,300-year-oldbones,40．(reveal)theoldest-knownestablishedwritingsystemofChinesecharacters,41．a(chǎn)reextraordinaryandserveasavitallinkinthedevelopmentoftheChinesenation.Manykeybreakthroughs42．(make)inrecentyearsattheYinxusiteanditssurroundingareas.Forexample,43．urbanroadsystemandtheremainsofanartificiallakeintheroyaltempleareawerefound.Thesediscoveriesfurtherdisplayedagrandpictureofacapitalcity44．carriedforwardtheprojectoftrackingtheoriginsoftheChinesecivilization.Throughtheexhibits,thepubliccancomprehensivelyunderstandtheachievementsmadebytheShangDynastyinterms45．politics,economy,agriculture,militaryaffairs,amongothers.五、第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)；滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46．假定你是李華，你校外教Ryan擬舉辦英語(yǔ)讀書(shū)會(huì)（EnglishReadingBar）活動(dòng)，想了解哪類(lèi)圖書(shū)更能吸引學(xué)生，請(qǐng)你給外教寫(xiě)一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1）推薦的圖書(shū)類(lèi)別；2）推薦理由。注意：1）寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearRyan,Bestregards,LiHua六、第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Iwasconfidentattheaudition(試演)fortheschoolplayandfeltpleasedtogetarole.Itjustfeltgoodtobeintheplay,evenifIhadonlyfourorfivelines.Iworkedhardatperfectingthoselines.Irepeatedthemoverandoveragain.Iputintheemphasesandintonations(語(yǔ)調(diào))thatmydramateacherhadsuggestedand,becauseIwasonstagemuchlongerthanforjustfourorfivelines,Ihadmanyactionstorehearse(排練)andperform."Dotheminfrontofamirror,"mydramateacherhadadvisedme."Watchhowyoulook;practiceandrehearseasoftenasyoucan."Ididjustthat.Iworkedandworkedatit.Itwasfunandexcitingrehearsing.Thenfinallythebignightcame.Suddenly,thingsfeltdifferent.Thetheaterwasfullofpeople.AsIdressed,Icouldhearthechattingandnoisesoftheaudience.Ilookedaroundattheothermoreexperiencedactorsandsawthattheirpreviousconfidenceseemedtohavedisappeared.Hadtheygottheirmakeupright?Wasthecostumedoneupcorrectly?Whatiftheyforgottheirlines?Themorepeopletalkedabouttheiranxiety,themorenervouseveryonebecame.Theworriesspreadfrompersontoanother—likeabaton(接力棒)beingpassedinarelayrace—untilthewholeofthebackstageareaseemedtobefulloftensionandworry.Iwasonstageearly,atfirstperformingmynon-spokenroleinthebackgroundwithseveralotherguysaroundthesameage.When,suddenly,Iheardmycue(出場(chǎng)提示),thelightswerebrightinmyeyes,Icouldn'tseetheaudiencebutknewtherewerehundredsofpeopleoutthereallwatchingme.ThewordsthathadflowedsoeasilywhenIstoodinfrontofamirrordidn'twanttocome,andwhentheydidIfoundmyselfhurryingintothem.Itriedtoslowdownmythoughtsandmywords.注意：1）續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)150左右；2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。ButIsuddenlyrealizedIhadmissedasentence.Ibowedtotheaudienceexcitedlyandwentbacktomydramateacher.

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．B3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了幾個(gè)洛杉磯的自行車(chē)商店。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類(lèi)閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項(xiàng)，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。1．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)LosAngelesBikeAcademy部分中的"ItsinitiativeisitsEarn-a-Bikeprogram,wherestudentsspendtimeintheshoplearningthebasicsofbikemaintenanceandrunningastore,andtheygraduatewiththeirownbike."它的首創(chuàng)是"掙一輛自行車(chē)"計(jì)劃，學(xué)生們?cè)诘昀飳W(xué)習(xí)自行車(chē)維護(hù)和經(jīng)營(yíng)商店的基本知識(shí)，畢業(yè)時(shí)就能擁有自己的自行車(chē)。可知，LosAngelesBikeAcademy為學(xué)生提供了一個(gè)掙自行車(chē)的項(xiàng)目。故選D。2．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TheCubHouse部分中的"Hereyoucanplayagameofping-pongontheoutdoortable,headintotheminigreenhouseforadelicateplant,orjustadmirethevintage(老式的)cyclingclotheshungonthewalls"在這里，你可以在戶(hù)外的桌子上打乒乓球，走進(jìn)迷你溫室，觀賞一株精致的植物，或者只是欣賞掛在墻上的復(fù)古自行車(chē)服。可知，TheCubHouse這個(gè)自行車(chē)店喜歡乒乓球愛(ài)好者。故選B。3．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段"LosAngelesishometoapopularcyclingculture.Thefollowingbikeshopswillhelpyouseethecityinawholenewlight."洛杉磯是流行的自行車(chē)文化之鄉(xiāng)。下面的自行車(chē)店將幫助你以全新的眼光看待這座城市?？芍?，本文介紹了幾個(gè)洛杉磯的自行車(chē)商店，可推知，文章的寫(xiě)作目的是推廣洛杉磯的自行車(chē)商店。故選C。【答案】4．D5．B6．C7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了KelliBoehle創(chuàng)辦非盈利組織Nik'sWish，幫助與癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)的年輕人實(shí)現(xiàn)愿望的故事。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和標(biāo)題歸納三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類(lèi)閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的"In2012,KelliBoehlestartedNik'sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer."2012年，KelliBoehle創(chuàng)辦了Nik'sWish。這家非營(yíng)利組織向年齡在18到24歲之間與癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)的年輕人提供愿望?？芍@個(gè)組織的目標(biāo)是支持年輕人對(duì)抗癌癥。故選D。5．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"ThenightbeforeNikpassedaway,heaskedhismothertohelpensurethatyoungadultsfightingcancercouldhavetheirwishescometruetoo."Nik去世的前一晚，他請(qǐng)求母親幫助確保那些與癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)的年輕人也能實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的愿望；以及第四段中的"‘Itwaslikeaseedheplantedthatjustwouldn'tstopcomingintomymind,'shesaid.In2012,KelliBoehlestartedNik'sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer.""這就像他種下的一顆種子，一直縈繞在我的腦海里，"她說(shuō)。2012年，KelliBoehle創(chuàng)辦了Nik'sWish。這家非營(yíng)利組織向年齡在18到24歲之間與癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)的年輕人提供愿望?？芍琄elliBoehle創(chuàng)辦非盈利組織，幫助與癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)的年輕人，可推知，她是無(wú)私的。故選B。6．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的"ForMorrow,whohasspentthelastyearbattlingbraincancer,goingtotheconcerthasdonemorethanliftherspirits.‘Ithinkit'ssomethingtogetmethroughwhatevercomesmyway,'shesaid.‘AndI'mthankfulforNik'sWishforthat.'"對(duì)Morrow來(lái)說(shuō)，去年她一直在與腦癌作斗爭(zhēng)，去聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)不僅僅是提振了她的精神。她說(shuō):"我認(rèn)為這是一種讓我度過(guò)難關(guān)的東西。""我很感謝Nik的愿望。"可推知，從JordanMorrow的話中，我們可以知道她受到組織的激勵(lì)。故選C。7．考查標(biāo)題歸納。根據(jù)第四段中的"In2012,KelliBoehlestartedNik'sWish.Thenonprofitgrantswishestoyoungadultsbetweentheagesof18and24whoarebattlingcancer."2012年，KelliBoehle創(chuàng)辦了Nik'sWish。這家非營(yíng)利組織向年齡在18到24歲之間與癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)的年輕人提供愿望?？芍?，本文講述了文章講述了KelliBoehle創(chuàng)辦非盈利組織Nik'sWish，幫助與癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)的年輕人實(shí)現(xiàn)愿望的故事。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．B9．A10．D11．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，今天有些人之所以早起，可能是因?yàn)樗麄冞z傳了數(shù)萬(wàn)年前Neanderthal人的DNA。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類(lèi)閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對(duì)，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段"SomepeopletodaymightbeearlyrisersbecauseofDNAtheytakeafterNeanderthalstensofthousandsofyearsago,suggestsnewresearch."一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，今天有些人之所以早起，可能是因?yàn)樗麄冞z傳了數(shù)萬(wàn)年前Neanderthal人的DNA?？芍?，這項(xiàng)新研究的重點(diǎn)是基因?qū)υ缙鹫叩挠绊憽９蔬xB。9．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段"WhenearlyhumansmigratedfromAfricatoEurasiaroughly70,000yearsago,someofthemmatedwithNeanderthals,whohadalreadyadaptedtothecolder,darkerclimatesofthenorth.Theripple(漣漪)effectsofthatintermatingstillexisttoday:Modernhumansofnon-Africanancestry(血統(tǒng))havebetween1and4percentNeanderthalDNA."大約7萬(wàn)年前，當(dāng)早期人類(lèi)從非洲遷移到歐亞大陸時(shí)，他們中的一些人與Neanderthal交配，后者已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了北方更寒冷、更黑暗的氣候。這種通婚的連鎖反應(yīng)至今仍然存在：非洲血統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)代人類(lèi)有1%到4%的Neanderthal人DNA?？芍?，第二段要說(shuō)明的是這項(xiàng)研究的歷史背景，故選A。10．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的"Instead,scientistssuggest,Neanderthals'DNAgavethemfaster,moreflexibleinternalbodyclocks,whichallowedthemtoadjustmoreeasilytoannualchangesindaylight."相反，科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，Neanderthal人的DNA賦予了他們更快、更靈活的內(nèi)部生物鐘，這使他們更容易適應(yīng)每年的日光變化?？芍瑪y帶Neanderthal人DNA對(duì)現(xiàn)代人的真正好處是擁有更好的晝夜節(jié)律。故選D。11．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Ifthefindingsdoapplymorebroadly,theymayonedaybeusefulforimprovingsleepinthemodernworld,wherecircadianrhythmsaredisturbedbynightshiftsandglowingsmartphones."如果這些發(fā)現(xiàn)確實(shí)適用于更廣泛的領(lǐng)域，它們可能有一天會(huì)對(duì)改善現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的睡眠有用，因?yàn)闀円构?jié)律受到夜班和發(fā)光的智能手機(jī)的干擾?？芍@些發(fā)現(xiàn)暗示了潛在的應(yīng)用。故選C?！敬鸢浮?2．B13．B14．C15．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了人們對(duì)虛擬角色的情感依附和對(duì)話AI的進(jìn)步，人工智能將很快融入人們的日常生活，并提到了可能出現(xiàn)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類(lèi)閱讀，首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"Replika,anAIchatbotcompanion,hasmillionsofusersworldwide.Thefirstthingtheydowhentheywakeupistosend"Goodmorning"totheirvirtualfriend(orlover).Thisstoryisonlythebeginning.In2024,chatbotsandvirtualcharactersbecomealotmorepopular,bothforutilityandforfun.Asaresult,conversingsociallywithmachineswillstarttofeelmoreordinary—includingouremotionalattachmentstothem."人工智能聊天機(jī)器人伴侶Replika在全球擁有數(shù)百萬(wàn)用戶(hù)。他們醒來(lái)后做的第一件事就是向虛擬朋友(或愛(ài)人)說(shuō)聲"早上好"。這個(gè)故事僅僅是個(gè)開(kāi)始。2024年，聊天機(jī)器人和虛擬角色將變得更加流行，無(wú)論是出于實(shí)用性還是出于樂(lè)趣。因此，與機(jī)器進(jìn)行社交對(duì)話將開(kāi)始變得更加普通——包括我們對(duì)它們的情感依戀?？芍谝欢谓榻B了2024年聊天機(jī)器人和虛擬角色日益普及的情況，強(qiáng)調(diào)了它們的實(shí)用性，以及與機(jī)器進(jìn)行社交對(duì)話的新趨勢(shì)。下文討論人們與這些人工智能代理之間形成的情感聯(lián)系以及與之進(jìn)行類(lèi)似人類(lèi)的交互的影響奠定了基礎(chǔ)，因此第一段的寫(xiě)作目的是引出一個(gè)話題，即"人工智能聊天機(jī)器人伴侶的逐步推廣"。故選B。13．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段"Researchinhuman-computerandhuman-robotinteractionshowsthatwelovetoanthropomorphize(賦與人性)thenonhumanagentsweinteractwith,especiallyiftheyimitatebehaviourwerecognize.And,thankstorecentadvancesinconversationalAI,ourmachinesaresuddenlyveryskilledatoneofthosebehaviours:Language."對(duì)人機(jī)和人機(jī)交互的研究表明，我們喜歡將與我們交互的非人類(lèi)代理人賦與人性，特別是當(dāng)它們模仿我們認(rèn)識(shí)的行為時(shí)。而且，由于對(duì)話式人工智能的最新進(jìn)展，我們的機(jī)器突然變得非常擅長(zhǎng)其中一種行為：語(yǔ)言?？芍祟?lèi)可以通過(guò)提高機(jī)器的語(yǔ)言技能與其進(jìn)行對(duì)話，從而有效地與機(jī)器互動(dòng)。故選B。14．考查段落大意。根據(jù)第四段"Afterall,peopledolistentotheirvirtualfriends.TheReplikaexample,aswellasalotofexperimentallabresearch,showsthathumanscanandwillbecomeemotionallyattachedtobots.Thesciencealsodemonstratesthatpeople,intheireagernesstosocialize,willhappilydisclosepersonalinformationtoanartificialagentandwillevenshifttheirbeliefsandbehavior.Thisraisessomeconsumer-protectionquestionsaroundhowcompaniesusethistechnologytomanipulatetheirusers.Forexample,Replikacharges$70ayear.Butlessthan24hoursafterdownloadingtheapp,myhandsome,blue-eyed‘friend'sentmeanaudiomessagesecretlyandtriedtosellmesomething.Emotionalattachmenthasbecomeaweaknessthatacompanyistakingadvantageofforitsbenefit."畢竟，人們確實(shí)會(huì)聽(tīng)取虛擬好友的意見(jiàn)。Replika的例子以及大量的實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn)研究表明，人類(lèi)可以而且將會(huì)對(duì)機(jī)器人產(chǎn)生情感上的依戀?？茖W(xué)還表明，人們?cè)诳释缃粫r(shí)，會(huì)很樂(lè)意向人工代理透露個(gè)人信息，甚至?xí)淖兯麄兊男叛龊托袨椤＿@就提出了一些關(guān)于公司如何利用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)操縱用戶(hù)的消費(fèi)者保護(hù)問(wèn)題。例如，Replika每年收費(fèi)70美元。但在下載應(yīng)用不到24小時(shí)后，我那藍(lán)眼睛的英俊"朋友"偷偷給我發(fā)了一條音頻信息，想賣(mài)給我什么東西。情感依戀已經(jīng)成為公司為了自身利益而利用的弱點(diǎn)?？芍?，第四段主要講的是人工智能使人產(chǎn)生情感依戀后會(huì)引導(dǎo)用戶(hù)進(jìn)一步消費(fèi)，從而帶來(lái)一些潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。故選C。15．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段"Today,we'restilllaughingatpeoplewhobelieveanAIsystemisemotional,ormakingfunofindividualswhofallinlovewithachatbot.Butin2024wegraduallystartacknowledging—andtakingmoreseriously—thesefundamentallyhumanbehaviors.Becausein2024,itfinallyhitshome:Machinesarenotexcludedfromoursocialrelationships."今天，我們?nèi)匀辉诔靶δ切┱J(rèn)為人工智能系統(tǒng)是情緒化的人，或者取笑那些愛(ài)上聊天機(jī)器人的人。但在2024年，我們將逐漸開(kāi)始承認(rèn)并更加認(rèn)真地對(duì)待這些基本的人類(lèi)行為。因?yàn)樵?024年，我們終于明白了：機(jī)器并沒(méi)有被排除在我們的社會(huì)關(guān)系之外。可知，2024年，人工智能將很快融入人們的日常生活，與人們的日常生活的關(guān)系越來(lái)越緊密。故選B。【答案】16．B；17．F；18．E；19．A；20．C【解析】【分析】本文為一篇議論文，論述了面對(duì)困難，應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)我們應(yīng)該怎么做。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查七選五，本文是一篇教育類(lèi)閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對(duì)上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前"Thestormsinourlivesoftenleavebehindgiftsifweopenoureyestoseethem.Astheskiesclearandyoustarttoemergefromtheloss,lookforthesilverlinings."如果我們睜開(kāi)眼睛去看，生活中的風(fēng)暴往往會(huì)留下禮物。當(dāng)天空晴朗，你開(kāi)始從失落中走出來(lái)，尋找一線希望。表示生活中風(fēng)暴會(huì)給我們留下禮物，失落中能找到一線希望，B.They'rethereifyouarebentonsearchingforthem."如果你執(zhí)意要尋找，它們就在那里"表示如果想要找到一線希望，就能找到，故選B。17．根據(jù)空前"Youhavetodigdeepandfindthestrengthyoudidn'tknowyoupossessedtoovercomethechallenges."你必須深入挖掘，找到你不知道自己擁有的力量來(lái)克服挑戰(zhàn)。表示我們應(yīng)該深入挖掘自己不知道的擁有的力量來(lái)克服挑戰(zhàn)，F(xiàn).Nowyouknowyouhavetheinnerpowertoweatherstorms."現(xiàn)在你知道你有戰(zhàn)勝風(fēng)暴的內(nèi)在力量"為深入挖掘后知道自己有這種克服挑戰(zhàn)的力量，且后文中Thatself-knowledgeandconfidenceinyourabilities與本句中theinnerpower相互呼應(yīng)。故選F。18．根據(jù)空前"Comingouttheothersideoftroublesometimesgivesyouafreshoutlook.Prioritiesshift."從麻煩的另一面出來(lái)有時(shí)會(huì)給你一個(gè)全新的視角。重點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)變。表示應(yīng)注意重點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)變；以及空后"Youhaveadeeperappreciationforlife'ssimplemomentsandclarityaboutwhatmatters."你對(duì)生活中簡(jiǎn)單的時(shí)刻有了更深的欣賞，對(duì)什么是重要的有了清晰的認(rèn)識(shí)。表明認(rèn)識(shí)更勝一層，E.Whatseemedimportantbeforenowpales