湖南省衡陽市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷

湖南省衡陽市2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期二模英語試卷姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五六總分評分一、閱讀理解閱讀理解WritingCompetitionsforHighSchoolStudentsin2024OceanAwarenessWritingContestOceanAwarenessWritingContestprovidesaplatformforyoungpeopletounderstandenvironmentalissuesthroughartisticcreationandcreativethoughts,exploretheirrelationshipwiththechangingworld,andbecomeadvocatesofpositivechange.Competitiontime:ThedeadlineforsubmissionisJune10,2024.StudentscanuploadtheirsubmissionsstartingfromDecember24,2023.Suitableforstudents:Thecontestisaninternationalcompetition,whichisopentoanystudentaged11—18inmiddleorhighschool.·JuniorDivision:11—14yearsold·SeniorDivision:15—18yearsoldYoungAuthorsWritingCompetitionYoungAuthorsWritingCompetitionissponsoredbytheEnglishandCreativeWritingDepartmentatColumbiaCollegeChicago.Thecompetitionhasgrownintoayearlyinternationalcontestofhighschoolwriters.Youmayenteruptotwoworks(inseparatefiles)ineitherofthecategories:CreativeNonfictionandCreativeFiction.InthePoetrycategory,youmayenteruptotwofiles,buteachcanhave1—5poems.Competitiontime:ThedeadlineisJuly31,2024.Suitableforstudents:Opentostudentsingrades9—12worldwideLeonardL.Milberg'53HighSchoolPoetryPrizeLeonardL.Milberg'53HighSchoolPoetryPrizerecognizesoutstandingworksbystudentwritersinthe11thgradeintheU.S.orabroad.ContestjudgesarepoetsonthePrincetonUniversityCreativeWritingfaculty.Competitiondate:March26,2024Suitableforstudents:Studentsinthe11thgradeintheU.S.oraroundtheworldTheNewYorkTimesAnnualStudentReviewContestTheNewYorkTimesinvitesstudentstoplaycriticsandwriteanoriginalreviewfortheirNewYorkTimesStudentReviewContest.StudentscanreviewanythingthatfitsintoacategoryofcreativeexpressionthatTheNewYorkTimescovers—fromarchitecturetomusic.Competitiondate:April6,2024Suitableforstudents:Studentsages11—19anywhereintheworldattendingmiddleorhighschoolcanparticipate.1．HowmanycategoriesareincludedinYoungAuthorsWritingCompetition?A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.2．Inwhichcompetitionareparticipantsgroupedbyage?A．OceanAwarenessWritingContest.B．YoungAuthorsWritingCompetition.C．LeonardL.Milberg'53HighSchoolPoetryPrize.D．TheNewYorkTimesAnnualStudentReviewContest.3．Whatdothefourwritingcompetitionshaveincommon?A．Theyareinternationalcontests.B．Theyareorganizedbycolleges.C．Theyareintendedforallstudents.D．Theyareopentodifferentcategoriesofworks.閱讀理解OmarVazquezgrewupinpovertyonMexico'sYucatanpeninsula.Hewatchedhissinglemotherstruggletoputfoodonthetable,andtodaythememoryinspireshimtohelpthoseinneed.Whenaninvasive(入侵的)seaweedcalledsargassumshoweduponMexico'sCaribbeanbeaches,Omarlookedpastthematterofitallandsawanopportunitytohelpothers.Sargassumisnotdangerous,butithasanunpleasantsmellandcanbecomesothickthatitkeepspeoplefromenteringthewater.Mexicohasexperiencedrecord-settingamountsoftheseaweedinrecentyears,andithasmadeitswaytoFlorida'sbeachesaswell.Expertssaytherecouldbeasmuchas100tonsofsargassumblockingMexicanshorelinesin2023.Withtourismdollarsatrisk,officialsandlocalsalikewereeagertoremovetheseaweed,butonlyOmarsawitstruepotential.Theprofessionalgardenerorganizedabeachcleanupthatprovidedjobsforabout300localfamilies,butheknewtherewasmoretodo.Sincepeople'sattitudetowardstheseaweedremindedhimofhisownlifeexperiences,hedecidedtobecomeanagent(推動者)forchange.Whensargassumstartedarriving,everyonewascomplaining."Iwantedtomakesomethinggoodoutofsomethingeveryonesawasbad,"Omarexplained.In2018,OmarfoundawaytoturnsargassumintobuildingblocksthathecallsSargablock.Hecreatestheseblocksbymixing40%sargassumwithothermaterialslikeclay,thenputtingtheminablock-formingmachineandbakingtheminthesunfordays.Theendresultisanorganic,sustainable,andecologicallyfriendlybuildingmaterialthatexpertssaycouldlastfor120years.Todate,Omar'scompany,BluegreenMexico,hasused700tonsofsargassumtobuildlow-incomehousingforthoseinneed.Omarsaidhewouldtakeonmoreprojects,anddonatemorehousestosinglemotherslikehisownmom.4．Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph1?A．Omar'sfamilyoftenassistedpeopleinneed.B．SargassumoriginatedontheCaribbeanbeaches.C．Omar'sexperienceinchildhoodhasinfluencedhimmuch.D．Omarhasmetalotofgenerouspeoplesincehewasyoung.5．Howdidmostpeoplereacttotheincreasingsargassum?A．Theydidn'ttakeitseriously.B．Theywereanxioustoclearitup.C．Theyvieweditasnewmaterials.D．Theywereexcitedtoseeagrandscene.6．WhichwordscanbestdescribeOmar?A．Honestandambitious. B．Strong-willedandconfident.C．Quick-thinkingandhumorous. D．Sympatheticandinnovative.7．WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusthroughOmar'ssuccess?A．It'snevertoooldtolearn.B．Loveshineseverydarkcorner.C．Solutionscanbeobtainedfromproblems.D．Heroesarisefromhumblebeginnings.閱讀理解Withartificialintelligence(AI)androbotictechnologyimprovingatimpressiverates,therearesomewhoworrythatthere'sariskofartisticandcreativepeoplebeingreplaced.AnewstudybytheKoreanInstituteofIndustrialTechnology,however,isshowingexactlywhythatcan'tandshouldn'thappen.ItallstartedwhentheSouthKoreancompanyposedthisquestion:Canrobotsreplaceconductors?Overayearago,worktodevelopautomaton(自動化)began.Atfirst,itwasdesignedlikeamachine,anddidn'tliveuptoexpectations.Thenthecompanysoughtwaystoimproveit.Intheend,itwasgiventwoarmswithjointstocopywristsandelbows,allowingittomoveasticksimilarlytohowahumanconductorwouldmoveit.ItwasnamedtheEverR6robot,andstandsat1.8meters.Itwasfinallytimetofigureouthowitcouldfollowthroughonitsmusicalrole."Wegotinvolvedinthisprojecttoseehowfarrobotscangoinmorecreativefieldslikethearts,andwhatthechallengesare,"Dong-wookLee,aseniorresearcherattheKoreanInstituteofIndustrialTechnologysaid.Inordertopullthisoff,Dong-wookLeecooperatedwiththeBusanPhilharmonicOrchestra.The12-minutepiecetheyplannedtoperform,"Feel"byIl-hoonSon,wascreatedspecificallyforthisevent.ItwascreatedwiththestrengthsofbothEverR6andthehumanconductor,Soo-yeolChoi,inmind.Topulloffthisimpressiveperformance,therobotwaspreprogrammedtoconductthrough30cyclesofbeatpatterns.Meanwhile,itwasuptothehumanconductortoleadtheorchestraincreatinganimprovisational(即興的)score,addingdepthtotheotherwiseplannedpiece.Together,theypulledoffamasterfulperformancethattheaudienceseemedmorethanhappytohavehadtheopportunitytowitnessitfirsthand!Withtheconcerthavinggonesowell,thisisonlythestartofEverR6.Still,nomattertheimprovementsthey'reabletomaketothisAndroidrobot,thehumanconductorisn'tconcernedaboutbeingreplaced."Let'sleavetheaccuracytotherobots,"Soo-yeolChoisaid,"butthemusicalandartisticaspectstoahumanconductor."8．Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A．ThefunctionoftheEverR6robot.B．ThedevelopmentoftheEverR6robot.C．TheEverR6robot'sroleasaconductor.D．ThedifficultyindesigningtheEverR6robot.9．Whatcanbelearnedabout"Feel"?A．Itisapiecefamiliartotheaudience.B．Itisapieceshowingthehuman-robotcooperation.C．ItistheonlypiecethatEverR6willperform.D．Itisapiecerequiringgreatabilitytoconduct.10．WhatroledidSoo-yeolChoiplayintheperformance?A．Hecorrectedtherobot'smistakes.B．HeprogrammedtheEverR6robot.C．Heledtheimprovisationalsectionoftheperformance.D．HewasthemainconductoroftheBusanPhilharmonicOrchestra.11．WhatisSoo-yeolChoi'sattitudetowardsEverR6?A．Unclear. B．Uncaring. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.閱讀理解"Whatbeautifulmusic!"Ishoutloudlyasmy9-year-oldsonpracticesplayingtheviolin.He'susedtothispraise;Igiverewardslikethatmostdays.Buteveryonceinawhile,Iskipit,andwhenIdo,Icanseethedisappointmentonhisfacewhenhe'sfinished.AmIabadmom?Conventionalwisdomsaysthatconsistencyiskeytoparentingsinceitenablesyourchildtopredicthowyou'llreact,leadingtogoodbehavior.Andit'struethatchildrenneedsomelevelofpredictabilityintheirlives,particularlywhenitcomestodiscipline.Butresearchsuggeststhatinconsistentgiftsandpraisecanhaveagreatereffectonmotivation.Whileweallliketoliveinapredictableworld,weoftenrespondmorestronglytounpredictablerewards.Inoneexperiment,mycolleaguesandItoldparticipantsthey'dbepaidiftheycoulddrinkaboutone-and-a-halfquartsofwaterintwominutesorless.Inonecondition,weofferedpeoplea$2fixedreward.Inanother,therewasanuncertainrewardofeither$2or$1.Thecertainrewardwasabetterdeal,yetmanymorepeoplesuccessfullymetthechallengewhenassignedanuncertainreward.Resolvingtheuncertainty—whethertheywouldwin$1or$2—wassignificantlymoremotivatingthanwinning$2forsure.Hereisoneofthereasonswhyuncertaintyismotivating.Whatscientistscall"intermittent(間歇性)reinforcement"—rewardingbehavioronsomebutnotalloccasions—makesitmorearduoustoknowwhenrewardswillshowup.Ifyouveryoften,butdon'talways,praiseyourchildforcompletingtheirchores,they'llkeepupthegoodbehaviorinthehopeofreceivingpraisethenexttime.Sodon'tassumethatifkidsarealwayspraisedforfinishingtheirhomework,they'llbemorelikelytodoit.Dopraiseyoungpeopleforajobwelldone,justnoteverytime.Andpickrewardsoutofahatwhentheycompletechores—thesurpriseprizemightkeepeveryonemotivatedtogetthingsdone.12．Whydoestheauthormentionherkid'sstoryinthefirstparagraph?A．Todisplaytheconclusionofherresearch.B．Toshowthatherkidisverysmart.C．Toexplainthatsheisagoodmom.D．Toleadinthetopic.13．Whydidmoreparticipantschooseanuncertainrewardintheexperiment?A．Itwasmoreinspiring.B．Itwasmoredemanding.C．Itwasfairtoallparticipants.D．Itwaseasytogetmorerewards.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"arduous"inparagraph5mean?A．Convenient. B．Popular. C．Flexible. D．Difficult.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WhyConsistencyIsCriticaltoParentingB．WhyResolvingUncertaintyIsRewardingC．HowInconsistentPraiseAffectsMotivationD．HowParents'BehaviorsAffectTheirChildren二、任務(wù)型閱讀七選五Cheerfulnessisapowerfulwaytodealwithaworldthatwillalwaysbetoughandunjustinonewayoranother.Itisasignofstrengthinthefaceofdifficulties.Differentfromfear,joy,oranger,cheerfulnessisn'tsomethingthatovercomesyou.16．Assuch,youcanincludeitintoyourlifeonceyoumaketherightmentalswitch.Herearefourwaystodoso.◎Acknowledgethedifficulties.Cheerfulnessisanhonestemotionbecauseyou'renothidingfromreality.17．Instead,it'sextremelyimportanttobehonestwithyourselfabouttheproblemsyou'refacing.Onlybyfirstacknowledgingthatthingsaretoughwillyoubeabletofindwaystocope.◎Don'tfocusonthenegative.Whetherinyourpersonallifeorinsociety,it'seasytofocusonwhat'sgoingwrong.Butwhateveryoufocuson,itgrows.Ifyoudecidetofocusonwhat'sgoingwrong,thoseproblemswillgrowinyourminduntiltheyconsumeyou.18．◎Begratefulforwhatyouhave.19．Usually,they'rethethingswetakeforgranteduntilthey'renolongerthere,suchasgoodhealth,alovingfamily,orevensomethingassimpleasabeautifulsunrise.Beinggratefulwillshiftyourperspectiveandmakeiteasiertoseethesilverliningsofyourproblems.◎20．Nocheerfulnesswithoutlaughter.Soyoucanwatchcomedies,browsememes,orjokearoundwithfriends.Laughterstrengthensyourimmunesystem,boostsyourmood,makesyoufeellesspain,andprotectsyoufromstress.Laughteriscathartic(精神宣泄的)andinfectious.Laughandbrightentheroom.A.Findyoursenseofhumor.B.Dealwithdifficultiesseriously.C.Focusonthegoodthingsyouhave.D.Toalargedegree,cheerfulnessisachoice.E.You'renotcoveringyoureyesandlookingaway.F.Acknowledgetheproblems,butdon'tgivethemtoomuchattention.G.Beingcheerfulwillmakeyouseetheworldandyourownlifeinadifferentway.三、完形填空（15空）完形填空Itwastheendoftheschoolday,andIwastired.Igrabbedapileofabout130exampapersto21．onthetrainridehome.I'dbringthembackthenextmorning.Myprincipal(校長)pushedherheadintomyclassroomandsaid,"Friendly22．!Youneedtomakesureyourwordwallis23．bytomorrowmorning."Shethenmovedontothenextclassroomto24．themessage.Isighedandthought,"Areyoumakinga(n)25．?Whatawasteofmytime!"Myprincipalwas26．a(chǎn)boutmakingourschoolbeautiful,whilemygoalwastogetmystudentstopasstheAlgebraRegentsExam.Shewantedeveryclassroomtohaveawordwall,wherestudent'sworksoncreativeprojectswouldbe27．.Shebroughtinbeautifulplanters(花盆)that28．thehallwayswithgreenery.However,Iassumethatschoolandclassroom29．a(chǎn)ren'timportantwhenitcomestolearning.Tome,spendingtimeandmoneymakingourschoolandclassroomsbeautifulwasjustadistraction(使人分心的事).Thosethingsdon't30．mystudentswithmath.However,afterthreeyearsofteaching,Iwenttograduateschoolinparttostudyhowresources31．teachersandstudents.Whatmyresearchfound32．me:Whenteachers33．theirclassroomenvironmentresources,theirstudentsdidbetteronstandardizedtests.Myprincipalwas34．.Shewascreatingmorethanjustabeautiful35．—shewasbuildingawelcomingandpositiveenvironmentforstudentstolearnandteacherstowork.21．A．distribute B．preview C．grade D．write22．A．reminder B．warning C．trick D．comment23．A．a(chǎn)dvanced B．formal C．hidden D．a(chǎn)vailable24．A．copy B．explain C．repeat D．collect25．A．excuse B．promise C．request D．joke26．A．upset B．curious C．passionate D．uncertain27．A．displayed B．a(chǎn)ssessed C．exchanged D．polished28．A．connected B．blocked C．lined D．covered29．A．locations B．a(chǎn)ctivities C．rules D．a(chǎn)ppearances30．A．impress B．a(chǎn)ssist C．confuse D．challenge31．A．a(chǎn)ffected B．protected C．reflected D．united32．A．a(chǎn)nnoyed B．surprised C．disappointed D．a(chǎn)mused33．A．madeuseof B．setasideC．lookeddownupon D．showedoff34．A．kind B．right C．patient D．humble35．A．bond B．space C．sample D．future四、短文填空短文填空AwoodblockprintartexhibitionkickedoffinGuangzhou-basedJi'nanUniversityintheprovincialcapitalonNovember16,36．(provide)youngstudentsintheGuangdong-HongKong-MacaoGreaterBayAreawithanopportunitytounderstand37．greattraditionalChineseartofwoodblockwatermarks.Morethan220preciouswoodblockprintartworksanddozensofhistorical38．(document)fromthenationalintangibleculturalheritageinheritancebaseofShizhuzhai,ZhejiangProvince,willbe39．displayduringtheone-year-longshowtitled"WoodblockPrint:TheSceneryofSpringandAutumn,WatermarkHeavenlyFragrance",demonstratingChinesehistoryandculture.Shizhuzhai(TenBambooStudio)isanartmuseumintheZhejiangprovincialcapitalofHangzhou,whichwas40．(honorable)addedtotheNationalListofIntangibleCulturalHeritageofChinain2014.Watermarkwoodblockprintshaveahistoryofmorethan1,200years.Sincetheirappearance,they41．(regard)asoutstandingChineseartistictreasures42．combinetechnology,art,paintingandaesthetics,representingthewisdomand43．(creative)oftheChinesepeople.LinRupeng,PartysecretaryofJi'nanUniversity,saidtheexhibitionorganizedbytheuniversityaims44．(carry)forwardtraditionalChineseculture,aswellasdemonstratetheuniversity'sfirmbeliefinenhancingChineseculture'sinfluence."Ji'nanUniversityintegratesmuch45．(excellence)traditionalChinesecultureintoteachingwhilesparingnoefforttonurture(培養(yǎng))high-levelmoderntalents,"hesaid.五、書面表達46．上周你校組織學(xué)生去四川臥龍大熊貓自然保護區(qū)參觀，請你為校英文報寫一篇報道，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動過程；2.收獲與感想。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。AVisittoWolongGiantPandaNatureReserve六、讀后續(xù)寫47．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。"No!"screamedAshaasshesawahugepimple(粉刺)onhernose.Shedidn'thavetimetocoverthepimpleasshewasrunninglatetoschool.Sheateherbreakfastfast,grabbedherbagandcaughtherschoolbusjustintime.Assoonasshegotonthebus,kidsstartedlaughing.Nobodywaswillingtolethersitbesidethem.EvenAnita,herbestfriend,actedabitdifferently,whichmadehermoreupset.Ashawaslostinthought.Anewthoughtpoppedinhermindeverysecond.Onceshethought"Great!Ihavetoworryaboutmypimpleasifhomeworkandexamswerenotenough."Thenextminuteanotherthoughtpoppedinhermind."Iamtiredofusingthisfacewash.IstillwonderhowIagreedtousethatthing!"Thensuddenly,Mr.Shetty,thebusdriver,said,"Asha,doyouwanttomisstheclass?"Ashawassolostinherthoughtthatshedidnotevennoticethateverybodyhadgotoffthebusexcepther.Shedidnotwanttostepintotheschoolcampus.Shethought,"Whatwillmyteachersthink?Whatwillmyfriendsthink?"Aftersometime,shegatheredcourageandenteredherclass,expectingthatshewouldbelaughedat.Whileenteringtheclass,sheheardstudentscommentingonherpimple.Achildlaughed,"Look,someone'scherryisonhernose!Getitforme."Sheheardsomeboysmurmuring,"Shewoulddefinitelybechosenasthejokerinthedance."Itwasaveryharddayatschoolforher.Assoonasshegothome,shehuggedhermothertightly,withtearswellingupinhereyes.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Ashatoldhermotherwhatshehadexperiencedintheday.AshaopenedthedoorandincameherfriendAnitawithabunchofflowers.

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．A3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹的是2024年四個高中學(xué)生寫作比賽的相關(guān)情況。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題一種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YoungAuthorsWritingCompetition部分的"Youmayenteruptotwoworks(inseparatefiles)ineitherofthecategories:CreativeNonfictionandCreativeFiction.(最多可以在兩個類別中輸入兩個作品（在單獨的文件中）：CreativeNonfiction和CreativeFiction。)"可知，YoungAuthorsWritingCompetition里有兩個類別，故選B。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OceanAwarenessWritingContest部分的"·JuniorDivision:11—14yearsold·SeniorDivision:15—18yearsold(·少年組：11-14歲·高級組：15-18歲)"可知，OceanAwarenessWritingContest的參加者要按年齡分組，故選A。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OceanAwarenessWritingContest部分的"Thecontestisaninternationalcompetition(本次比賽是一項國際競賽)"，YoungAuthorsWritingCompetition部分的"Thecompetitionhasgrownintoayearlyinternationalcontestofhighschoolwriters.(該比賽已發(fā)展成為一年一度的國際高中作家比賽。)"，LeonardL.Milberg'53HighSchoolPoetryPrize部分的"Suitableforstudents:Studentsinthe11thgradeintheU.S.oraroundtheworld(適合學(xué)生：美國或世界各地的11年級學(xué)生)"和TheNewYorkTimesAnnualStudentReviewContest部分的"Suitableforstudents:Studentsages11—19anywhereintheworldattendingmiddleorhighschoolcanparticipate.(適合學(xué)生：世界各地11-19歲的初高中學(xué)生均可參加。)"可知，這四個寫作比賽的共同之處是它們是國際性的比賽。故選A。【答案】4．C5．B6．D7．C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一種叫做馬尾藻的入侵海藻對當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊纳町a(chǎn)生了不好的影響，奧馬爾·巴斯克斯確看到了這種海藻的潛力，在幫助清理海藻的同時，決定把所有人都認(rèn)為不好的東西變成好東西，最終的結(jié)果是一種有機的、可持續(xù)的、生態(tài)友好的建筑材料誕生了并建立了公司，為有需要的人建造了低收入住房。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題兩種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做推理判斷題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Hewatchedhissinglemotherstruggletoputfoodonthetable,andtodaythememoryinspireshimtohelpthoseinneed.WhenaninvasiveseaweedcalledsargassumshoweduponMexico'sCaribbeanbeaches,Omarlookedpastthematterofitallandsawanopportunitytohelpothers.(他看到他的單身母親掙扎著養(yǎng)家糊口，今天的記憶激勵他去幫助那些需要幫助的人。當(dāng)一種叫做馬尾藻的入侵海藻出現(xiàn)在墨西哥的加勒比海海灘上時，奧馬爾看到了一個幫助別人的機會)"可知，奧馬爾的童年經(jīng)歷對他影響很大。故選C。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段"Withtourismdollarsatrisk,officialsandlocalsalikewereeagertoremovetheseaweed,butonlyOmarsawitstruepotential.(由于旅游業(yè)收入面臨風(fēng)險，官員和當(dāng)?shù)厝硕技庇谇宄Ｔ?，但只有奧馬爾看到了它的真正潛力)"可知，他們急于清除日益增多的馬尾藻。故選B。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段"Whenaninvasive(入侵的)seaweedcalledsargassumshoweduponMexico'sCaribbeanbeaches,Omarlookedpastthematterofitallandsawanopportunitytohelpothers.(當(dāng)一種叫做馬尾藻的入侵海藻出現(xiàn)在墨西哥的加勒比海海灘上時，奧馬爾看到了一個幫助別人的機會)"、第三段"Sincepeople'sattitudetowardstheseaweedremindedhimofhisownlifeexperiences,hedecidedtobecomeanagent(推動者)forchange.(由于人們對海藻的態(tài)度讓他想起了自己的生活經(jīng)歷，他決定成為一名變革的推動者)"和文章第五段"In2018,OmarfoundawaytoturnsargassumintobuildingblocksthathecallsSargablock.Hecreatestheseblocksbymixing40%sargassumwithothermaterialslikeclay,thenputtingtheminablock-formingmachineandbakingtheminthesunfordays.Theendresultisanorganic,sustainable,andecologicallyfriendlybuildingmaterialthatexpertssaycouldlastfor120years.(2018年，奧馬爾找到了一種方法，把馬尾藻變成了他稱之為"Sargablock"的積木。他將40%的馬尾藻和粘土等其他材料混合在一起，然后把它們放在積木機里，在太陽下烤上幾天，就能制作出這些積木。最終的結(jié)果是一種有機的、可持續(xù)的、生態(tài)友好的建筑材料，專家說這種材料可以使用120年)"可知，奧馬爾積極幫助別人并且將馬尾藻變成了環(huán)保的材料。由此推知，奧馬爾是富有同情心的和有創(chuàng)新精神的人。故選D。7．推理判斷題。文章主要講述了一種叫做馬尾藻的入侵海藻對當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊纳町a(chǎn)生了不好的影響，奧馬爾·巴斯克斯確看到了這種海藻的潛力，在幫助清理海藻的同時，決定把所有人都認(rèn)為不好的東西變成好東西，最終的結(jié)果是一種有機的、可持續(xù)的、生態(tài)友好的建筑材料誕生了并建立了公司，為有需要的人建造了低收入住房。由此推知，作者想要通過奧馬爾的成功告訴我們解決方案可以從問題中獲得。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．B9．B10．C11．C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了隨著人工智能(AI)和機器人技術(shù)以驚人的速度發(fā)展，一些人擔(dān)心藝術(shù)和創(chuàng)意人才有被取代的風(fēng)險。然而，韓國工業(yè)技術(shù)研究所(KoreanInstituteofIndustrialTechnology)的一項新研究恰恰說明了為什么這不能也不應(yīng)該發(fā)生。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題和主旨大意題三種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做推理判斷題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。做主旨大意題時，要求考生抓住每段或每個層次的主要含義進行加工、提煉，通過對語篇結(jié)構(gòu)的分析即對文章內(nèi)部各層次間的邏輯關(guān)系的分析，將每段的主題綜合起來，找出文章的中心。8．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段"Overayearago,worktodevelopautomaton(自動化)began.Atfirst,itwasdesignedlikeamachine,anddidn'tliveuptoexpectations.Thenthecompanysoughtwaystoimproveit.Intheend,itwasgiventwoarmswithjointstocopywristsandelbows,allowingittomoveasticksimilarlytohowahumanconductorwouldmoveit.ItwasnamedtheEverR6robot,andstandsat1.8meters.(一年多以前，開發(fā)自動化的工作開始了。起初，它被設(shè)計得像一臺機器，并沒有達到人們的期望。然后，該公司尋求改進方法。最后，它被賦予了兩條帶有關(guān)節(jié)的手臂來模仿手腕和肘部，使它能夠像人類指揮一樣移動一根棍子。它被命名為EverR6機器人，身高1.8米)"可知，第二段主要講述了EverR6機器人的研發(fā)過程。故選B。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段"The12-minutepiecetheyplannedtoperform,"Feel"byIl-hoonSon,wascreatedspecificallyforthisevent.ItwascreatedwiththestrengthsofbothEverR6andthehumanconductor,Soo-yeolChoi,inmind.(他們計劃演奏的12分鐘的曲目是孫一勛的《Feel》，這是專門為此次活動制作的。這首歌是在考慮到EverR6和人類指揮家崔秀烈(Soo-yeolChoi)的長處后創(chuàng)作的)"可推知，"Feel"是一個展示人機合作的作品。故選B。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段"Meanwhile,itwasuptothehumanconductortoleadtheorchestraincreatinganimprovisational(即興的)score,addingdepthtotheotherwiseplannedpiece.(與此同時，由人類指揮來帶領(lǐng)樂隊創(chuàng)作即興樂譜，為原本計劃好的作品增加深度)"可知，他在表演中指揮演出的即興部分。故選C。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段""Let'sleavetheaccuracytotherobots,"Soo-yeolChoisaid,"butthemusicalandartisticaspectstoahumanconductor."("讓我們把精確度留給機器人吧，"崔秀烈(Soo-yeolChoi)說，"而把音樂和藝術(shù)方面的工作留給人類指揮。")"可推知，Soo-yeolChoi對這個機器人持支持的態(tài)度。故選C?！敬鸢浮?2．D13．A14．D15．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是研究表明，不一致的禮物和表揚會對動機產(chǎn)生更大的影響。雖然我們都喜歡生活在一個可預(yù)測的世界里，但我們往往對不可預(yù)測的獎勵反應(yīng)更強烈，文章分析了原因。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。本篇文章涉及細節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題，詞義猜測題和主旨大意題四種題型。細節(jié)理解題要求考生能在快速閱讀文章的同時，從中獲取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意義。做細節(jié)理解題時，要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞，找準(zhǔn)相關(guān)句、段的內(nèi)容，再仔細對照，不符合原文意義的選項要首先排除，反之，則是正確選項。做推理判斷題時，要求考生不能憑主觀臆斷推測或妄加猜測，必須忠實于原文，以材料所提供的相關(guān)事實和線索為依據(jù)，使做出的推理合乎文意。詞句猜測題的解題方法包括利用指代關(guān)系、定義、定語、文章中的舉例、比較的詞語、構(gòu)詞法知識、上下文語境、因果關(guān)系來推測詞義。做主旨大意題時，要求考生抓住每段或每個層次的主要含義進行加工、提煉，通過對語篇結(jié)構(gòu)的分析即對文章內(nèi)部各層次間的邏輯關(guān)系的分析，將每段的主題綜合起來，找出文章的中心。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Igiverewardslikethatmostdays.Buteveryonceinawhile,Iskipit,andwhenIdo,Icanseethedisappointmentonhisfacewhenhe'sfinished.(我大多數(shù)時候都是這么獎勵的。但每隔一段時間，我就跳過，當(dāng)我跳過的時候，我能看到他讀完后臉上的失望。)"和第三段"Butresearchsuggeststhatinconsistentgiftsandpraisecanhaveagreatereffectonmotivation.Whileweallliketoliveinapredictableworld,weoftenrespondmorestronglytounpredictablerewards.(但研究表明，不一致的禮物和表揚會對動機產(chǎn)生更大的影響。雖然我們都喜歡生活在一個可預(yù)測的世界里，但我們往往對不可預(yù)測的獎勵反應(yīng)更強烈。)"可知，第一段的故事引出了本文的主題，即不一致的禮物和表揚會對動機產(chǎn)生更大的影響。故選D。13．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段"Resolvingtheuncertainty—whethertheywouldwin$1or$2—wassignificantlymoremotivatingthanwinning$2forsure.(決定選不確定性——他們會贏得1美元還是2美元——比肯定贏得2美元更有動力。)"可知，更多的參與者在實驗中選擇不確定的獎勵是因為它更鼓舞人心。故選A。14．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"rewardingbehavioronsomebutnotalloccasions(在某些情況下獎勵行為，但不是所有情況)"可知，只在某些情況下才獎勵行為，所以要知道獎勵何時出現(xiàn)會變得更困難，劃線詞arduous的意思是"困難的"，和difficult意思相近。故選D。15．主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第三段"Butresearchsuggeststhatinconsistentgiftsandpraisecanhaveagreatereffectonmotivation.Whileweallliketoliveinapredictableworld,weoftenrespondmorestronglytounpredictablerewards.(但研究表明，不一致的禮物和表揚會對動機產(chǎn)生更大的影響。雖然我們都喜歡生活在一個可預(yù)測的世界里，但我們往往對不可預(yù)測的獎勵反應(yīng)更強烈。)"可知，本文主要講的是不一致的禮物和表揚會對動機產(chǎn)生更大的影響，并解釋了原因，因此本文最好的標(biāo)題是C選項"HowInconsistentPraiseAffectsMotivation(不一致的表揚如何影響動機)"，故選C。【答案】16．D；17．E；18．F；19．C；20．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了四種幫助快樂的方法。

【點評】考查任務(wù)型閱讀（七選五）。解題時，要求考生注意通讀整篇文章，把握整段脈絡(luò)，理出文章的中心，分析段落之間和段落內(nèi)部的層次。選項與前后句之間的邏輯關(guān)系是確定答案的主要依據(jù)?？梢詮囊馑?、關(guān)鍵詞、關(guān)聯(lián)詞來分析段落之間以及段落內(nèi)部的邏輯關(guān)系。16．前文"Differentfromfear,joy,oranger,cheerfulnessisn'tsomethingthatovercomesyou.(與恐懼、喜悅或憤怒不同，快樂并不是能戰(zhàn)勝你的東西。)"講述了快樂不是能戰(zhàn)勝你的東西，空處應(yīng)講述快樂應(yīng)該是什么，D項"在很大程度上，快樂是一種選擇。"符合題意。故選D。17．根據(jù)前文"Cheerfulnessisanhonestemotionbecauseyou'renothidingfromreality.(快樂是一種誠實的情緒，因為你不會逃避現(xiàn)實。)"和后文"Instead,it'sextremelyimportanttobehonestwithyourselfabouttheproblemsyou'refacing.(相反，對自己所面臨的問題坦誠相待是極其重要的。)"可知，空處的內(nèi)容與Instead后面的內(nèi)容相反，表示你不會逃避，E項"你沒有捂住眼睛，把目光移開。"符合題意。故選E。18．根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題"Don'tfocusonthenegative.(不要把注意力集中在消極的方面。)"和前文"Ifyoudecidetofocusonwhat'sgoingwrong,thoseproblemswillgrowinyourminduntiltheyconsumeyou.(如果你決定專注于哪里出了問題，這些問題會在你的腦海中滋長，直到吞噬你。)"可知，本段主要講述了不要把注意力集中在消極的方面，專注問題會吞噬你，所以空處講的應(yīng)是不要太關(guān)注問題，F(xiàn)項"承認(rèn)問題，但不要太在意。"符合題意。故選F。19．根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題"Begratefulforwhatyouhave.(感激你所擁有的。)"可知，本段主要講述的是對所擁有的事情心存感激，C項"專注于你所擁有的美好事物。"符合題意，且選項中的thegoodthings和下文中的They指代一致。故選C。20．空處是本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)下文"Nocheerfulnesswithoutlaughter.Soyoucanwatchcomedies,browsememes,orjokearoundwithfriends.Laughterstrengthensyourimmunesystem,boostsyourmood,makesyoufeellesspain,andprotectsyoufromstress.Laughteriscathartic(精神