2025屆高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit24Society課時作業(yè)24b北師大版選修8

PAGEPAGE1課時作業(yè)24SocietyⅠ.閱讀理解(2024·遼寧大連檢測)FrenchwriterFrantzFanononcesaid,“Tospeakalanguageistotakeonaworld,aculture.”Sincetheworldchangeseveryday,sodoesourlanguage.Morethan300newwordsandphraseshaverecentlymadeitintotheonlineOxfordDictionary,andinonewayoranothertheyareallreflectionsoftoday'schangingworld.Afterayearthatwaspoliticallyunstable,it'snothardtounderstandthefactthatpeople'spoliticalviewsareoneofthemaindrivesofourexpandingvocabulary.Oneexampleis“clicktivism”，acompoundof“click”and“activism”.Itrefersto“armchairactivists”—peoplewhosupportapoliticalorsocialcause,butonlyshowtheirsupportfrombehindacomputerorsmartphone.And“otherize”isaverbfor“other”thatmeanstoalienate(使疏遠(yuǎn))peoplewhoaredifferentfromourselves—whetherthatbedifferentskincolor,religiousbelieforsexuality.Lifestyleisalsochangingourlanguage.Forexample,“fitspiration”—acompoundoffitandinspiration—referstoapersonorthingthatencouragesonetoexerciseandstayfitandhealthy.Thephrase“climaterefugee”—someonewhoisforcedtoleavetheirhomeduetoclimatechange—reflectspeople'sconcernfortheenvironment.AccordingtoStevenson,socialmediawasthemainsourceforthenewexpressions.“Peoplefeelmuchfreertocointheirownwordsthesedays，”hesaid.Butstill,notallnewly-inventedwordsgetthechancetomaketheirwayintoamainstream(主流的)dictionary.Ifyouwanttocreateyourownhitwords,AngusStevenson,OxfordDictionariesheadofcontentdevelopment,suggeststhatyoushouldnotonlymakesurethattheyareexpressive(有表現(xiàn)力的)andmeaningful,butalsohaveanattractivesoundsothatpeoplewillenjoysayingthemoutloud.本篇文章主要講解并描述了語言與社會生活的聯(lián)系，世界每天都在改變，語言也在改變。越來越多有表現(xiàn)力的詞語出現(xiàn)，并給我們的生活帶來肯定的影響。1．What'sthepurposeofthequotationfromFrenchwriterFrantzFanon?A．Toserveasthetopicofthepassage.B．Topresentoneofthemajorviewsofthesociety.C．Toshowthefactthatlanguagemirrorsthecultureinaway.D．Toleadtothetopicofthewholepassage.答案：D解析：目的意圖題。文章開頭引用法國作家FrantzFanon的話借以引入正題，世界在變，語言也在變，說明語言與社會生活之間的聯(lián)系。故選D。2．Theunderlinedword“coin”inthesecond-to-lastparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A．use B．recordC．change D．create答案：D解析：詞義揣測題。依據(jù)全文可知，本篇文章主要講解并描述的是人們在實踐生活中創(chuàng)建出了很多新單詞，并且最終一段運用了“Butstill,notallnewly-inventedwordsgetthechancetomaketheirwayintoamainstream(主流的)dictionary.”這句話進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)折，說明不是全部新單詞都會進(jìn)入主流詞典。并且本句的前面提到“socialmediawasthemainsourceforthenewexpressions”社交媒體是新的表達(dá)方式的主要來源，由此可以推想此句應(yīng)和新詞的“獨創(chuàng)”有關(guān)。故選D。3．Howisthearticlemainlydeveloped?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Byfollowingatimeline.D．Bypresentingresearchfindings.答案：A解析：寫作手法題。文章第三、四、五段都在介紹一些新的詞匯并說明它們的由來和意義，所以本篇文章是通過舉例子進(jìn)行描述的。故選A。4．AccordingtoStevenson,tomakethewordsyouinventpopular,theyshould________.A．beeasytorememberB．haveuniquemeaningsC．reflectthechangingworldD．bemeaningful,expressiveandcatchy答案：D解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。從文章最終一段“suggeststhatyoushouldnotonlymakesurethattheyareexpressive(有表現(xiàn)力的)andmeaningful,butalsohaveanattractivesoundsothatpeoplewillenjoysayingthemoutloud.”可知，具有表現(xiàn)力、意義豐富并且吸人眼球的新詞匯才會被更多人運用。故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀填句(2024·吉林試驗中學(xué)檢測)April22ndeveryyearmarksthestartofEarthDay,adaythatiscelebratedeveryyeartoraiseawareness(意識)aboutourhomeplanetandhowwecansaveitfrombeingdamaged.__1__.·GreenupyourhomeThisisoneofthemostcommonthingsthatpeopledowheneverEarthDayrollsaround,thatis,switchofftheirlights.__2__.Conserve(節(jié)約)energybyswitchingoffallpowerofelectricitypointswhenevertheyarenotonuse.Inaddition,takeoutalltheplugs(插頭)fromplugpointsevenafterswitchingthemoff.·__3__Cars,beingthegreatestsourceofairpollution,canbeleftathomethisweekend.__4__.Othergreenerchoicesarecarpooling,ridingabikeoryoucanalsowalkifyouwantahealthierchoiceandifyourworkplaceisnotthatfarawayfromyourhome.·BealittledirtyNo,wedon'tmeanit“thatway”.Wesimplymeantosay,don'ttakeabath.Yes,savingwaterissuperimportant.Adayortwowithoutabathwon'tharmyou,butitwillcertainlydoalotofgoodforourplanet.Adailyshowerisn'tamatterofhealth;it'samatterofcomfort.__5__.Thefutureofourplanetisinyourhands!A．LeaveyourcarsathomeB．TravelingbypublictransportisabetterchoiceC．Below,wehavemadealistofthingsyoucandotocelebrateEarthDayD．ShoweringeverydaycanwashawaythenaturaloilsthatourskinandhairneedE．However,thisisnotsomethingyoushoulddojustforadayorforonlyanhourF．Startedintheyear1970,EarthDayisnowcelebratedinmorethan190countrieseachyearG．Dosomethingeverydaythatwillimproveyoursurroundingstomaketheplanetabetterplacetolive眾所周知，每年的4月22日是地球日。這是一個能讓我們關(guān)注地球家園、珍惜并愛護(hù)它免遭人類行為反復(fù)破壞的日子。本文列舉了便于人們實踐的地球日活動。1．C解析：依據(jù)上文：每年的4月22日是地球日。這是一個能讓我們關(guān)注地球家園并愛護(hù)它免遭破壞的日子。再依據(jù)下文的關(guān)注地球家園所實行的措施，可知此空是一個承上啟下引出下文的句子，依據(jù)句意可知選C項(下面我們列舉了幾項便于人們實踐的地球日活動)。2．E解析：依據(jù)上文：每到地球日，很多人都會不謀而合選擇做這件事：關(guān)燈。再依據(jù)空格下句：為了節(jié)約能源，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)隨時關(guān)閉全部不在運用當(dāng)中的用電設(shè)施?？芍狤項(然而，這不應(yīng)當(dāng)只是你在這一天或這一小時做的事)符合語境。3．A解析：此空是一個小標(biāo)題。依據(jù)小標(biāo)題的特點和下文內(nèi)容，可知A項Leaveyourcarsathome符合語境。4．B解析：依據(jù)下文：其他綠色出行方式還包括拼車、騎行；假如你的工作地點離家不遠(yuǎn)的話，更健康的選擇就是步行?？芍衔膽?yīng)當(dāng)再提到一種綠色出行方式，依據(jù)句意可知選B項(公共交通其實是更好的選擇)。5．D解析：依據(jù)上句：每天沖澡與健康無關(guān)，其實只是為了舒適而已。可知D項(每天洗澡還會沖掉我們皮膚上自然的油脂，而這些油脂其實是皮膚和頭發(fā)須要的)符合語境。Ⅲ.語法填空(2024·河北石家莊一中月考)Iwrite10thingsforwhichIamgratefuleveryday,postingthemonFacebook,andhavedonesoforwelloverayear.Several__1__(month)agomymotherdiedafteralong__2__(ill).Itwasexpectedandwehadheronhospice(安養(yǎng)所)care__3__severalmonths.Iwroteofmyfeelings__4__herimpending(即將)deathandtheplaces__5__Ifoundgratitudeandjoyduringthattime,and__6__(continue)mywritingfollowingherdeath.Onemorning,severalweeksfollowingmymom's__7__(die),Ireceivedabeautifulnote__8__(express)howmuchmywritingshadmeanttosomeonefromanotherpartof__9__world.Whilemymomwasdying,theirlovedonealsolaydying.Everydaythatpersonopenedthecomputerandreadmywords,andsomehowtheyhelped.Iwas__10__(deep)touchedthatthosewordsIwrotetohelpmakesenseofmydarkdayscouldlightenthedarkdaysofsomeoneacrosstheworld.IguesswearemoreconnectedthanIrealize!作者每天都寫下10件自己感謝的事情，以表示對生活的感謝。1．months解析：考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)?？涨坝衧everal修飾，因此這里用復(fù)數(shù)，表達(dá)“幾個月”。2．illness解析：考查名詞。從空前的along看這里須要名詞，而ill是形容詞，因此用illness。3．for解析：考查介詞。forseveralmonths“幾個月”，表示一段時間介詞要用for。4．a(chǎn)bout解析：考查介詞。聯(lián)系空后的herimpending(即將)deathandtheplaces可知，關(guān)于她即將的死亡作者寫了感受，因此用about。5．where解析：考查定語從句。本空與Ifoundgratitudeandjoyduringthattime一起構(gòu)成定語從句，修飾places，且引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語，因此用where。6．continued解析：考查時態(tài)。從前文的Ifound可知這里用一般過去時，因此用continued。7．death解析：考查名詞?？涨坝衜ymom's，因此這里須要用名詞形式。8．expressing解析：考查非謂語動詞。expressinghowmuchmywritingshadmeanttosomeone為動詞-ing短語作定語，修飾note。9．the解析：考查冠詞。world前面要加定冠詞the。10．deeply解析：考查副詞。deeply為副詞，修飾touched。Ⅳ.短文改錯(2024·湖北荊州第一次質(zhì)量檢測)Oncetherelivedadonkeyonasmallisland.Everydayshewalkedaroundontheislandlookingforsomethingtoeat.Soonhegotboringandthoughtofgoingtoanewplace.Allhisfriendsaskedhimnottodothat,andhedidn'tpayanyattentiontotheirwords.Heswamtootherislandwithgreengrass.Inafewday,hebecameveryfat.Fortunately,onedaythedonkeywascaughtbyafarmer.Hewasmadeworkharddayandnight.Inarainyevening,hegotanopportunityandfledfromthefarmer'shouse.Hewentbacktoasmallisland,anddecidednottoleavehisfriendsagainwhohavegivenhimgoodadvice.答案與解析1．she→he考查代詞。這里的he指donkey，下文都是用he指代它。2．boring→bored考查形容詞。表達(dá)“感到厭煩”用bored，表達(dá)“令人厭煩”用boring。3．a(chǎn)nd→but考查邏輯關(guān)系。前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，而不是并列關(guān)系。4．other→another考查代詞。這里表達(dá)“另一個島”，而other修飾的是復(fù)數(shù)名詞。5．day→days考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。day前有afew修飾，因此用復(fù)數(shù)形式。6．Fortunately→Unfortunately考查副詞。此處是對后面事情的評價，它被農(nóng)夫抓住是一件不幸的事情。7．work前加to考查非謂語動詞。表達(dá)“使；讓”的部分動詞，在主動語態(tài)中后面跟不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，但是變成被動語態(tài)后，要把不定式符號加上。8．In→On考查介詞。表達(dá)詳細(xì)的某一天，或者某種天氣的一天，介詞用on，而不是用in。9．a(chǎn)→the考查冠詞。smallisland是其次次提到，因此用定冠詞。10．have→had考查時態(tài)?！疤岢龊玫慕ㄗh”發(fā)生在decided動作以前，因此屬于過去