2025屆高考英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)與測試專題強(qiáng)化練十一詞句猜測題-詞義猜測題句意猜測題

專題強(qiáng)化練（十一）詞句猜測題——詞義猜測題、句意猜測題A(2024·南京二模)Asanycatownerwilltellyou,talkingtoyourcatistotallynormal.Andeventhoughfeline(貓)friendsmayseemdistanttotheseadoringtalks,anewstudyinAnimalCognitionsuggeststheyarereallylistening.ResearchersinFranceexposedhousecatstorecordingsoftheirownerorastrangersayingphrasesincat-orhuman-directedspeech—Likebabytalk,cat-directedspeechistypicallyhigherpitchedwithshort,repetitivephrases.Theteamfoundthatfelinestendedtoreacttotheirownerspeakingincat-directedspeech—butnottotheirownerspeakinginadulttonesortoastrangerusingeitheradult-orcat-directedspeech.Previousresearchhadshownsimilarfindingsindogs,butmuchlessisknownwhenitcomestocats.“Somepeoplestillconsidercatsindependent—youcannothavearealrelationshipwithcats，”saysleadstudyauthorCharlotteMouzon,acatbehavioristattheUniversityofParisNanterre.Somepeoplemightbeembarrassedaboutusingspecialvocalizationsforcats,shesays,butthisresearchshows“peopleshouldn'tbeashamed”．Mouzonandherteamrecorded16catownerssayingsuchas“Doyouwanttoplay？”or“Doyouwantatreat？”incat-andhuman-directedspeech.Thentheyfilmedeachcatbefore,duringandafterplayingitaseriesofrecordingsofitsownerandotherowners'speech.Theresearchersusedsoftwaretoratethecats'reactionsfrommultipledimensions,makingtheresultmoreconvincing.“Althoughcatshaveareputationforignoringtheirowners,agrowingbodyofresearchindicatesthatcatspaycloseattentiontohumans，”saysKristynVitale,acatbehaviorscientistatUnityCollegeinMaine,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Catscanlearnthatspecificspeechhascertainmeanings.”Butshenotesthestudyistoosmallandthatfutureworkisneededtoexpandtheresearchtoothercatpopulations.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，該研究認(rèn)為和寵物貓用特殊語調(diào)說話是有效的，會(huì)受到寵物貓關(guān)注。1．Accordingtoparagraph2,whatdohousecatsrespondobviouslyto?A．Theowner'scat-directedtone.B．Astranger'shuman-directedtalks.C．Astranger'scat-directedrecordings.D．Theowner'shuman-directedspeech.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，寵物貓對(duì)主人的貓式語氣反應(yīng)明顯。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vocalizations”meaninparagraph3?A．Strategies. B．Trainings.C．Sounds. D．Rhymes.C詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹的研究內(nèi)容與人對(duì)貓說話的語氣有關(guān)，結(jié)合畫線詞所在句語境可知，此處指有些人可能會(huì)因?qū)ω埵褂锰厥獾穆曇舾械綄擂?，畫線詞的意思為“聲音”。3．WhatmakesMouzon'sfindingsmorereliable?A．Continuousfilmingofcats'responses. B．Comprehensiveanalysesbackedbysoftware.C．Multi-dimensionalevaluationsofcats'habits. D．Furtherreferencetopreviousstudiesondogs.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Theresearchersusedsoftware...makingtheresultmoreconvincing.”可知，該研究有計(jì)算機(jī)軟件支持，從多方面對(duì)貓的反應(yīng)進(jìn)行了綜合分析，這使得穆宗的研究更加可靠。4．WhatisthelimitationofMouzon'sresearch?A．Lackofsampletypes.B．Absenceofowners'support.C．Absenceofscientifictools.D．Lackofexperts'involvement.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Butshenotesthestudyistoosmallandthatfutureworkisneededtoexpandtheresearchtoothercatpopulations.”可知，雖然試驗(yàn)對(duì)貓有一定參考意義，但未來的研究還需要拓寬樣本的數(shù)量和種類。B(2024·東陽5月模擬)Dr.TamaraScully,apsychologistwhoworkswithchildren,youngpeopleandadults,shareshowgrandparentscanhelpchildren'swell-being.Itisdifficulttosearchfortheanswertothemainmentalhealthchallengesfacingchildren.Overthepasttwoyears,therehasbeenanincreaseinchildandadolescentmentalhealthdifficulties.Inparticular,therehasbeenasignificantincreaseinanxietyandeatingdisorders.Youngpeoplearealsoreportingamuchhigherlevelofsolitude(孤獨(dú)),whichmayarisefromspendingtoomuchtimeoncellphones,televisionsandcomputers.Allthesewilldeeplyaffecthowtheybehaveintheirdailylife.Andit'sabsolutelynormalforyoungpeopletomoveupanddownthementalhealthcurve(曲線).“Wegetconcernedwhenwenoticebigchangesintheirbehaviorthatdon'tpassinafewweeks.Forexample,grandchildrenstopmeetingfriends,stayintheirbedroomorloseinterestinthingstheyusedtoenjoy，”saidScully.Sowhatrolecangrandparentsplayinensuringtheirgrandchildren'swell-being?AccordingtoScully,themostimportantthinggrandparentscanofferissimplythemselves,justbeingthere,listeningandaccepting.There'salovelysayingthatittakesavillagetoraiseachild.Relationshipsarethebiggestpredictorsofhappinessandsuccessthroughoutthewholelife.Strongpositiverelationshipsbuildresilience(抗逆力)inouryoungpeople.Grandparentsshouldalsobepresentandgivetheirtime.Theycangivetheirtimedirectlytotheirgrandchildrenandtotheirownchildren.Aparentwhoisallowedtimetorefuelwillshowupasabetterparent.Theycanhelptheirgrandchildrenbybeingontheirteamandsittingwiththemwhentimesaretough.Allchildrenbenefitfromsomethingcalledrelationalwealthandthisisagrandparent'smostimportantcontributiontothegrowthoftheiryoungergenerations.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了祖父母在確保孫輩幸福方面如何發(fā)揮作用。5．Whydoyoungpeoplesufferfromincreasingloneliness?A．Theyhavelessnon-screentime.B．Theypreferenjoyingvarioustake-out.C．Theyfailtoconqueremotionaldisorders.D．Theyconcentratemoreonupsthandowns.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Youngpeoplearealsoreportingamuchhigherlevelofsolitude...televisionsandcomputers.”可知，越來越多的年輕人感到孤獨(dú)是由于他們花費(fèi)太多時(shí)間在手機(jī)、電視和電腦上，因此，他們擁有更少的非屏幕時(shí)間。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4mean?A．Childrenshouldformgreatresilience.B．Childrenshouldlearntopredicttheirsuccess.C．Childrenshouldbebroughtupbyallvillagers.D．Childrenshouldgrowupinaharmoniousrelationship.D句意猜測題。根據(jù)畫線句下文“Relationshipsarethebiggestpredictors...buildresilienceinouryoungpeople.”可知，此處是描述人際關(guān)系對(duì)于確保孫輩幸福的積極意義，由此可推知，畫線句意為“孩子應(yīng)該在一個(gè)和諧的關(guān)系中成長”。7．WhatistheattitudeofScullytowardlisteningtograndchildren?A．Disapproved. B．Favorable.C．Tolerant. D．Skeptical.B觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段中的“AccordingtoScully,themostimportant...listeningandaccepting.”可知，斯庫利認(rèn)為祖父母能提供給孫輩的最重要的東西就是他們自己，只要在那里、傾聽和接受(就可以)，由此可推知，斯庫利對(duì)于傾聽孫輩持支持態(tài)度。8．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Howtoaccepttheyouthoftoday.B．Howtobeaqualifiedgrandparent.C．Howtohelpgrandchildren'swelfare.D．Howtotacklethementalhealthchallenges.C主旨大意題。通讀全文并結(jié)合第一段內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了祖父母在確保孫輩幸福方面如何發(fā)揮作用，C項(xiàng)能夠總結(jié)文章大意。C(2024·南京師大附中一模)OnJanuary7,DavidBennettwentintotheoperatingroomattheUniversityofMarylandMedicalCenterforasurgicalprocedureneverperformedbeforeonahuman.The57-year-oldMarylandresidenthadbeenhospitalizedformonthsduetoalifethreateningdisease.Hisheartwasfailinghimandheneededanewone.Bennett'sconditionlefthimunresponsivetotreatmentandineligible(不合格)forthetransplant(移植)listoranartificialheartpump.Thephysician-scientistsatthecenter,however,hadanother—alsorisky—option:transplantaheartfromagenetically-modifiedpig.“Itwaseitherdieordothistransplant，”Bennetthadtoldsurgeonsadaybeforetheoperation.“Iwanttolive.Iknowit'sashotinthedark,butit'salsomylastchoice.”Ittookthemedicalteameighthourstofinishtheoperation,makingBennettthefirsthumantosuccessfullyreceiveapig'sheart.“It'sworkinganditlooksnormal.Wearethrilled,butwedon'tknowwhattomorrowwillbringus.Thishasneverbeendonebefore，”BarkleyGriffith,wholedthetransplantteam,toldtheNewYorkTimes.Whileit'sonlybeenfivedayssincetheoperation,thesurgeonssaythatBennett'snewpigheartwas,sofar,functioningasexpectedandhisbodywasn'trejecting(排斥)theorgan.Theyarestillmonitoringhisconditionclosely.“Ithinkit'sextremelyexciting，”saysRobertMontgomery,atransplantsurgeonanddirectoroftheNYULangoneTransplantInstitute,whowasnotinvolvedinBennett'soperation.TheresultoftheprocedurewasalsopersonallymeaningfulforMontgomery,whoreceivedahearttransplantin2018duetoageneticdiseasethatmayalsoaffectmembersofhisfamilyinthefuture.“It'sstillintheearlydays,butstilltheheartseemstobefunctioning.Andthatinandofitselfisanextraordinarything.Uptonowmostexperimentalhearttransplantprocedureshavebeendonebetweenpigsandotheranimals.Thisisthefirsttimethatsurgeonshavetakenitintoalivinghuman.”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了全球首個(gè)成功地將豬心移植到活人體內(nèi)的手術(shù)案例。9．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“ashotinthedark”inparagraph3mean?A．Somethingthatcostsafortune.B．Somethingimpossibletosucceed.C．Somethingdrawingpublicattention.D