2022中考閱讀理解熱點(diǎn)話題練 專題10 垃圾分類 （原卷版）

PAGE8PAGE72022中考閱讀理解熱點(diǎn)話題練專題10垃圾分類Passage1（2021·廣西梧州·中考真題）Recyclingisawaytotakerubbishandturnitintonewproducts.It’shelpfultoourenvironment.Thereareanumberofdifferentrecyclingstepsthatallowmaterialstobeusedmorethanonce.Allkindsofmaterialscanberecycled.Someofthemostcommonthingsinusetodayincluderecyclingplastic,glass,metalsandpaper.Thingsmadeofthesematerialsincludesodacans,plasticmilkboxes,newspapers,computersandcardboardboxes.Thereareanumberofadvantagesforrecycling.Theseinclude:Landfills—Recyclingmaterialsmeanslessrubbishandsavesspaceinlandfills.Resources—Whenweusematerialsagain,thismeanswecantakefewerresourcesfromtheearth.Pollution—ingeneral,recyclingmaterialscanproducelesspollution,helpingtokeepourenvironmentclean.Besuretorecycleeverythingyoucaninyourhouseandschool.Thereisalmosta“recycle”rubbishcanaround.Besuretodropyourusedaluminumcansandplasticbottlesthere.Athome,besuretoputpaperthingslikethenewspapers,paperboxes,andhomeworkpagesintotherecyclebox.Plasticsareusuallymarkedwithanidentificationcodethatshowsarecyclingsymbolandanumberfrom1to7.Thisshowsthatthetypeofchemicals,ormaterials,isusedinmakingtheplastic.Usedpapercanberecycledaroundseventimes.Itishightimewesetuparecyclestationineverystreet,acrossthecityandthecountry,sothecleanerscantransporttherubbishconveniently.Thisistheonlywayoutforhandlingrubbishwithoutcausingdangertotheenvironmentandourhealth.Forourselves,ourchildrenandourchildren’schildren,let’stakeactionNOW!1．Fromthefirstparagraph,weknowthat________.A．wecanmakemoremoneyfromrecyclingB．recyclingishelpfultoourenvironmentC．recyclingiscommonandpopularD．thereistoomuchrubbisharoundus2．Inparagraph3,weknowthatrecyclinghasmanyadvantagesincluding________.A．lessrubbish B．morespaceC．lesspollution D．a(chǎn)lltheabove3．Whatkindsofmaterialsareusuallymarkedwithanidentificationcode?A．Paper. B．Plastics. C．Glass. D．Metals.4．Theunderlinedword“handling”inthelastparagraphmeans________inChinese.A．處理 B．生產(chǎn) C．收購(gòu) D．變賣5．Whatdoesthewritermainlywanttotellus?A．Weshouldrecycleeverythinginourdailylife.B．Manyresourcescanbesavedbyrecycling.C．Weshouldtakeactiontorecyclerubbish.D．Recyclestationsshouldbesetupinthestreet.Passage2（2021·四川德陽(yáng)·中考真題）Ifyourpencilboxisbroken,thebatteries(電池)inyourflashlightsrunout,oryouhavesomeleftoverfood,howwillyoudealwiththesethings?Youwillprobablythrowthemallintoonerubbishbin.Butactually,weneedtosort(分類)alltherubbishseparately.Ifyoudon’tsortyourrubbish,allofitwillgotoaspecialplacewhereitisburied(埋藏)together.Asaresult,itwilltakeupsomefields.Somerubbishwillpollutethegroundwater.Somerubbishthatcanbereusedwillbewasted.Inrecentyears,someChinesecitieshavebeenworkinghardonrubbishsorting.Shanghaihascalledonallthepeoplelivinginthiscitytosorttheirrubbishintofourgroups:wet,recyclable,harmfulanddry.Wetwasteisknownashouseholdwaste.Theyarethingsyoudon’twantbutpigscaneat.Paper,metal,glass,plasticandotherthingsthatcanbereusedarerecyclablewaste.Harmfulwasteincludesthinslikemedicine,batteries.Finally,anywastethatisnotwet,recyclableorharmfulwillgotothe“drywaste”bin.ManyotherChinesecitiesarealsousingthiswaytosorttheirrubbish.Forexample,Deyanghasbeensortingitsrubbishintothesamefourgroupssinceseveralyearsago.StudentsinDeyanghavealreadyreceivedwaste-sortingguidebooks.Theyhavestudiedthesebooksandknownhowtosorttherubbish.Chinaisnowimprovingitswaste-sortingefforts.Thereisstillalongwaytogo.Butit’snevertoolatetolearnhowtosortyourrubbishrightly.Weshouldtakeanactivepartinit.6．Howmanybadresultswilltherebeifalltherubbishisburiedtogether?A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“takeup”inParagraph1mean?A．處理 B．改變 C．占用 D．從事8．Whichofthefollowingisharmfulwaste?A．Metal. B．Paper. C．Medicine. D．Glass.9．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．StudentsinDeyanghaveknownhowtosorttherubbish.B．Paperandmetalcanbethrownintoa“drywaste”bin.C．Thewholeworldisworkinghardonrubbishsorting.D．Chinahasalreadysucceededinsortingtherubbish.Passage3（2021·遼寧丹東·中考真題）Asweallknow,environmentalpollutionisstillseriousnowadays.Ourgroupwantedtoknowhowmanystudentsknewabouteachkindofthepollutionandwewantedtolearnhowoftentheysorted(分類)rubbish.Sowedidasurveyamongthestudentsinourschool.Herearetheresultsofourquestionnaire(問卷).TheresultsofthequestionnaireDoyouknowabouttheseproblems?Howoftendoyousortrubbish?10．Thesurveyismainlyabout________.A．scientificresearch B．environmentalprotectionC．everydayhabits D．physicaleducation11．Wecanknowthereare________partsinthequestionnaire.A．two B．three C．four D．five12．________isknownbythefeweststudents.A．Airpollution B．WaterpollutionC．Noisepollution D．Globalwarming13．________havebeguntosortrubbishaccordingtothechart(圖表).A．Allofthestudents B．MostofthestudentsC．Someofthestudents D．Noneofthestudents14．Whatcanwelearnfromtheresultsofthequestionnaire?A．Airpollutionisnoticedbyalargenumberofstudents.B．Thestudentsdon’trealizethesituationoftheenvironmentatall.C．Fivekindsofenvironmentalpollutionarementionedinthequestionnaire.D．Moststudentstakeenoughactiontosortrubbish.Passage4（2017·江蘇泰州·中考真題）Anewrubbishsortingsystem(垃圾分類系統(tǒng))hasbeenputintouseinFangchengyuanCommunityinBeijing.Localpeoplenotonlysorttheirrubbish,butalsoputQRcodes(二維碼)onit.“Whentherubbishiscollectedandthecodesareseen,Iwillgetrewardpointstoexchangeforsmallgiftsandevensomemoney,”oneofthelocalpeopletoldreporters.“It’sreallycreativeandencouraging.”Thissmartsystemhasbeencarriedoutin350communitiesinBeijing.ThecapitalofChinahasjoinedalistofcitiesinthecountrythattakeactiontosupportrubbishsorting.Forexample,ShenzhenandShanghaihavemadelawstopunishsortingrubbishincorrectly.Chinaproducesquitealotofrubbisheveryyear.Muchoftherubbishisburied(填埋)insoilorburnedwithoutbeingsorted.Landfills(填埋場(chǎng))takeupalotoflandandhaveariskofpollutingthesoilandwaternearby.Andburningrubbishcanproduceharmfulgases.Throughrubbishsorting,wecanreducetheuseoflandfillsandairpollution.What’smore,rubbishsortingsavesresources,whichcouldbringeconomicbenefits(經(jīng)濟(jì)利益).Forexample,atonofwastepapercanbereusedtomakeabout850kgofpaper,saving17treesand50percentofwater.Becauseoftheirbenefits,somecountrieshavedevelopedsuccessfulsortingsystems.Japanhasastrictanddetailedsystem.Whenpeoplethrowawayawaterbottle,thecap,thewrapper(包裝紙)andthebottleitselfhavetogointothreedifferentbins.Everyyear,familiesreceivespecialrubbishsortingtimetablesanddirectionsfromtheirlocalgovernments.Theyareadvisedtofollowthetimetablesanddirectionswhentheythrowawayrubbish.InAustralia,everyfamilyisprovidedwiththreerubbishbins—theredlid(蓋子)binfor“generalwaste”likefoodandplasticbags,theyellowlidbinfor“recycling”likesteelandglass,andthegreenlidbinfor“greenwaste”suchasgrassandleaves.Onthestreets,thebinsareprintedwithpicturesofthethingsthatareallowedinside.Itmakesrecyclingquiteeasy.15．WhatwilllocalpeopleprobablygetiftheyputdailyrubbishintothenewsysteminFangchengyuanCommunity?A．Acomputer. B．Acar.C．Alotofmoney.D．Somesmallgifts.16．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheconsequence(后果)ofburyingrubbish?A．Pollutingsoil. B．Pollutingwater.C．Takingupalotofland. D．Savingresources.17．Whichparagraphdiscussestheeconomicbenefitsofrubbishsorting?A．Paragraph3. B．Paragraph4.C．Paragraph5. D．Paragraph6.18．InAustralia,whichbinshouldyouputfoodleftafterdinnerin?A．Theredlidbin. B．Theyellowlidbin.C．Thegreenlidbin. D．Theblacklidbin.19．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．InAustralia,thegreenlidbinisusedforallkindsofrecyclable(可回收的)wastes.B．InJapan,allkindsofthingsforrecyclingareprintedonrubbishbins.C．Japanesepeoplecannotthrowabottleintoabinunlesstheymoveawaythewrapperfirst.D．Australianpeoplehavetoobeylocaltimetablesanddirectionstothrowawayrubbishstrictly.Passage5（2021·廣東龍湖·一模）WastesortingisaproblemaroundKindsofwasteinclude:1.Recyclablewaste:paper,metal,glassandotherthingsthatcanbereused.2.Harmfulwaste:thingslikemedicine,batteries.3.Wetwaste:thingsthatyoudon’twantbutpigseat,alsocalledhouseholdwaste.4.Drywaste:thingsthataren’twet,recyclableorharmfulwaste.Afewwaystohelpyousortwaste1.Plasticbagscan’tberecycled.Plasticbagsmaycausealotofproblemsintherecyclingprocess.Ifyouhaveplasticbags,youshouldputtheminthedrywastebin.2.Plasticbottleswithcapsoncanberecycled.Withthenewrecyclingequipment,thiskindofbottleswillgointotherecyclablewastebin.However,thebottlesfilledwithairusuallytakeupmoretransportspace.Therefore,youhadbettersqueeze(擠壓)theairoutofthebottlesbeforeyourecyclethem.3.Pizzaboxescan’tberecycled.Althoughcardboarditselfisrecyclable,pizzaboxesarenot.Why?Itisduetotheoil.Theoilontheboxesmakesthepapernon-recyclable.20．Howmanykindsofwastearementionedinthepassage?A．1 B．2 C．3 D．421．Drywastemeans________.A．paper,metal,glassandotherthingsthatcanbereusedB．a(chǎn)llwasteexceptwet,recyclableorharmfulwasteC．thingsthatyoudon’twantbutpigscaneatD．thingslikemedicine,batteries22．Wemaysqueezetheairoutofthebottlesbeforewerecyclethembecause________.A．wehavenewrecyclingequipmentB．thebottlesfilledwithairtakeupmorespaceintransportC．plasticmaycausealotofproblemsD．thebottlesmakethecapsnon-recyclable23．Theunderlinedword“itself”inthepassageprefersto________.A．pizzaboxes B．cardboard C．theoil D．thepaper24．Thispassageisprobablyfroma________.A．magazine B．storybook C．novel D．dictionaryPassage6（2021·廣西·南寧市天桃實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校三模）WhenShanghaiintroducedanewgarbage-sortingpolicy(垃圾分類政策)inJuly2019,peopletooksometimetogetusedtoit.Theyjokedthateverytimetheytookouttheirgarbage,theworkerstandingbythebinswouldask,“Whatkindofgarbageareyou?”StartingonMay1,BeijingjoinedmanyChinesecitiesbyintroducinganewgarbage-sortingpolicy,People’sDailyreported.Peopleshouldsorttheirgarbageintofourgroups:kitchen,recyclable,harmfulandotherwaste.Thesegroupsstandforfourdifferentcolorsoftrashbins(垃圾桶)—green,blue,redandgray.Thosewhofailtosorttheirtrashcorrectlymaybepunishedbypayingfor200yuan,Xinhuareported.SomecitieslikeShanghaiandQingdaosorttheirtrashdifferently.Thesecitiesusefourdifferentgroups:wet,recyclable,harmfulanddry.Althoughtheirnamesaredifferent,thegroupsareactuallythesame.Infact,wetgarbageinShanghaiiskitchengarbageinBeijing.Anddrygarbageisthesameasotherwaste.Tohelppeoplesorttheirtrashcorrectly,theBeijinggovernmentisofferingonlineguidelines(指導(dǎo)).Ifpeopledon’tknowhowtothrowawaygarbage,theycansearchforitontheWeChataccountGuanchenglishi(管城理市)tofindout.Bysearchingakeywordortakingaphoto,peoplecanimmediatelyfindoutwhichgrouptheirwastebelongsto.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將選定答案的字母標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。25．Whatwillhappenifpeopledon’tfollowthegarbage-sortingpolicy?A．Theywon’tbenoticed. B．Theywillhavetostandbythebins.C．Theywon’tbeallowedtothrowtrashaway. D．Theyshouldpaysomemoneyfortheirmistakes.26．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcitieshavethesamenamesforgarbagegroups?A．BeijingandShanghai. B．BeijingandQingdao. C．ShanghaiandQingdao. D．QingdaoandWuhan.27．WhichofthefollowinggarbagegroupinShanghaiisthesameaskitchengarbageinBeijing?A．wetgarbage. B．drygarbage. C．recyclablegarbage. D．harmfulgarbage.28．Inwhichpartofanewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthepassage?A．Sports. B．Environment. C．Education. D．Culture.29．Whatdoweknowfromthisstory?A．PeopleinBeijingaretroubledbygarbage-sortingpolicy. B．Garbage-sortingpolicyisbeingcarriedoutalloverChina.C．GuanchenglishicanhelppeopleinBeijingwiththegarbage-sorting. D．Beijingusesfourdifferentgroups:kitchen,recyclable,harmfulanddry.Passage7（2021·廣東潮南·一模）It’snotWASTEuntilitisWASTED!WiththeWorldEnvironmentDaycoming,ourschoolisnowrequiringeverystudenttoformahabitofsortingthewaste.Hereinourschoolyardwelayfourdifferentcolorsofrubbishbinsfordifferentkindsofrubbish.Theredisforharmfulwaste;theblueisforwastethatcanberecycled;thegreenisforkitchenwaste;theyellowisforotherwaste.Thefollowingsaresomeinstructionsforyou.Glass:Emptybottleswithoutcapscanberecycledtomakenewglassbottles.Warning:Mirrorsandlightbulbs(電燈泡)mustnotbeincludedintheglasswaste.Paper:Newspapers,magazines,boxesmustbecleanenoughtoberecycled.Warning:Papertissues(餐紙)andwallpaperarenotrecyclableaspaperandshouldbekeptseparately.PMDwaste:PackagingmadeofPlasticorMetalandDrinkboxesareusedtomakenewpackaging.Warning:Plasticpots(e.g.yogurtpots),plasticbagsmustnotbeincludedwiththePMDwaste.Harmfulwaste:out-of-datedrugs,usedbatteries(電池),paintandoil…Besides,ifyoudon’tneedyouroldbikesatall,ourschoolvolunteerswillcollectthem.We’regoingtofixthemupandthengivethemawaytokidswhodon’thaveenoughmoneyforabike.Tofindoutmoreaboutrecycling,youcanvisitourschoolwebsite.30．Accordingtothepassage,________differentcolorsofrubbishbinsarelaidintheschoolyard.A．6 B．4 C．7 D．531．Thefishbones(骨)shouldbethrowninthe________bin.A．green B．red C．yellow D．blue32．Fromthepassage,wecanseethat________areharmfultotheenvironment.A．papertissues B．emptybottles C．out-of-datedrugs D．drinkboxes33．Ifyougiveyouroldbiketothevolunteers,itwillbe________.A．soldtocollectmoneyforthepoorkidsB．fixedupandgivenbacktoyouforfreeC．givenawayimmediatelytothepoorkidsD．fixedupandgivenawaytothepoorkids34．Themainpurposeofthispassageis________.A．tolookforvolunteersforwastesortingB．toadvertiseglass,paperandplasticproductsC．tointroducetheWorldEnvironmentDayD．tointroducewastesortingtothestudentsPassage8（2020·山東·濟(jì)寧學(xué)院附屬中學(xué)三模）IfyouliveinShanghai,youmighthavetakena“l(fā)esson”insorting(分類)garbage,asthecityintroducednewgarbage-sortingregulations(規(guī)章)onJuly1,2019.AsChina’sfirstcitytocarryoutstrictregulationsongarbagesortingandrecycling,Shanghairequiresitsresidents(居民)tosortgarbageintofourcategories(類別),namelyrecyclable,harmful,dryandwetwaste.Ifpeoplefailtosorttheirgarbageproperly,theycanbefinedupto200yuan.Sincetheregulationtookeffect,theamountoftotaldailywasteinShanghaihasbeenreduced(減少)byanaverage(平均)of15,500tons,dropping26%fromtheendof2018,whiletheaveragedailyweightofrecyclableshits4,500tons,fivetimeshigherthantheendof2018,accordingtotheShanghaiLandscapingandCityAppearanceAdministrativeBureau.Thecityalsorebuilt21,000waste-sortingstationsandmorethan40,000wastebinshavebeenupdated(更新).Thecity’swastecollectionandtransportationsystem(運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng))iscomplete,accordingtothebureau.“Prop