中考英語總復習語法知識第10節(jié)動詞的語態(tài)課件

中考語法知識第十節(jié)動詞的語態(tài)廣東省卷近4年中考統(tǒng)計(※語法選擇◆完形填空★短文填空)考點2020年2021年2022年2023年一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)————一般過去時的被動語態(tài)※wereinvented※wereinvited※wereasked※wereinvited廣東省卷近4年中考統(tǒng)計(※語法選擇◆完形填空★短文填空)考點2020年2021年2022年2023年一般將來時的被動語態(tài)————含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)————廣東省卷近4年中考統(tǒng)計(※語法選擇◆完形填空★短文填空)命題趨向被動語態(tài)的考查范圍主要是初中階段學過的三種被動語態(tài)的正確使用(即一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時和一般將來時)。但實際上，在過去的四年均考查的是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。請?zhí)貏e注意掌握被動語態(tài)在具體語境中的正確使用，加強針對性訓練。中考說明從近4年的廣東中考的考查情況來看，被動語態(tài)是必考點，每年均考查1題。2024年備考時要熟練掌握考綱要求掌握的三種被動語態(tài)的構成和用法。英語有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，

被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，

即行為動作的對象。值得注意的是，只有及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)，不及物動詞是沒有被動語態(tài)的?？键c一：被動語態(tài)的構成與用法一、被動語態(tài)的構成類型構成例句一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)am/is/are＋doneThetreesareplantedbythestudentseveryyear.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)was/were＋doneThetreeswereplantedbythestudentslastyear.類型構成例句一般將來時的被動語態(tài)willbe＋doneThetreeswillbeplantedbythestudentsnextyear.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)*has/havebeen＋doneThetreeshavebeenplantedbythestudents.類型構成例句現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)*am/is/are＋beingdoneThetreesarebeingplantedbythestudents.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)*情態(tài)動詞＋be＋doneThetreesshouldbeplantedbythestudents.類型構成例句使役動詞的被動語態(tài)(通?？疾閙ake)*sb.bemadetodoThestudentsaremadetoplantthetrees.感官動詞的被動語態(tài)(通常考查see,hear等)*sb.beseen/heardtodoThestudentsareseentoplantthetrees.(注：帶有*的內容，不屬于最新“課標”的要求，供學有余力的考生參考使用)二、被動語態(tài)的用法序號用法例句1當不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰時Thetreeswereplantedmanyyearsago.2在沒必要或不想指出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰時Lotsoffoodwassenttodifferentareasjustnow.3當強調或突出動作的承受者時Anotherbridgewillbebuiltnextyear.【針對練習】(

)1．(2023陜西A卷，10)Becauseofthis，youwouldsometimesgetmadandmakeloudnoises.NowIknowyourfeelingsandI________byyourbook.I’mgoingtowritetoyouinafewdaystotellyoumore.A．amencouraged B．willbeencouragedC．encourage D．willencourageA

(

)2．(2023揚州，12)Sandturnstoglasswhenit______bylightning.A．hits B．ishitC．ishitting D．willbehit(

)3．(2023河北，10)Breakfast________everydayforpeopleagedover60forfreeinthisvillage.A．provides B．providedC．isprovided D．wasprovidedB

C

(

)4．Thereceptionisttoldmethatfreeparking________tothehotelguests.A．offers B．offered C．willbeoffered D．wasoffered(

)5．ThetimetoleaveforHainan________nextFriday.A．isdecided B．wasdecidedC．willbedecided D．hasbeendecidedD

C

考點二：主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的特殊情況主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法例句帶雙賓語的句子通常把間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語，

直接賓語仍保留在原位Mymothergavemeahat.→Iwasgivenahat(bymymother).把直接賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語時，

則要在間接賓語前加介詞Mymothergavemeahatyesterday.→Ahatwasgiventome(bymymother)yesterday.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法例句某些不帶to的不定式某些動詞，

如make,see,hear,watch,notice等后常跟不帶to的不定式，

變被動語態(tài)時要加toHemakesmedothisorthat.→Iammadetodothisorthat.“不及物動詞＋介詞或副詞”的動詞短語這類動詞短語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，

其中的介詞或副詞不能少Mymotherlooksafterusverywell.→Wearelookedafterverywell(bymymother).主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法例句常用主動表被動的動詞write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,burn,drive等詞作不及物動詞，

且主語為物時，

可用主動語態(tài)表示被動含義Thisbooksellswell.某些系動詞，

如feel,look,sound,smell,taste等，

可用主動語態(tài)表示被動含義Theflowerlooksnice.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法例句常用主動表被動的動詞表示“需要”的動詞(want,need,require)后接動名詞時表示被動含義Theroomneedscleaning.在beworthdoing中，doing表示被動含義Thishouseisworthbuying.【針對練習】(

)1．(2023鄂州，6)—Whatlanguage________inGermany?—MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish，too.A．speak B．isspokenC．isspeaking D．speaksB

(

)2．(2023安徽，5)Computershaveagreatinfluenceonlearningmethodssincethey__________intoschools.A．introduce B．introducedC．areintroduced D．wereintroduced(

)3．Itwassaidthatthebabycould______byLinFeng.A．betakengoodcareof B．betakengoodcareC．takegoodcareof D．takegoodcareD

A

(

)4．—Dinnerisready.Helpyourself!—Wow!It_______delicious.Youarereallygoodatcooking.A．sells B．soundsC．tastes D．feels(

)5．Theskirt________softasifitismadeofsilk.A．sounds B．tastesC．feels D．smellsC

C

一、單項選擇(

)1．Withtherapidprogressinhightechnology,6G________aroundmostpartsofChinainthenearfuture.A．isused B．isusingC．willuse D．willbeusedD

(

)2．—Youlooksohappytoday!—Mysuggestiontohaveaparty________bymyclassyesterday.A．wasaccepted B．acceptsC．isaccepted D．acceptedA

(

)3．Thesemachines________intheirfactorybythemselveslastyear.A．make B．madeC．aremade D．weremadeD

(

)4．—Whatdoyouthinkofyesterday’sactivityinyourcommunity?—Wonderful.Alotofusefuladvice________onself-protection.A．isoffered B．areoffered C．wasoffered D．wereofferedC

(

)5．—Peter,whatdifficultyhaveyouhad________Englishsofar?—I’mweakinlistening.Luckily,Ioftengetsomeadvicethat’sworth________fromMissWu.A．tolearn;beingtaken B．tolearn;takingC．learning;beingtaken D．learning;takingD

(

)6．WhenTim_________whyhewaslateforschool，hejustkeptsilent.A．wasasked B．askedC．wasasking D．isasked(

)7．WhentheSportsPark________,itwillbeagreatplaceforexercisingandrelaxing.A．hasbuilt B．willbuildC．willbebuilt D．isbuiltA

D

(

)8．—Iheardthatourschooliscollectingsecond-handbooksandtoys.—Yes,they________tosomeprimaryschoolsinpoorareasforfree.A．aresent B．willbesentC．weresent D．havebeensentB

(

)9．Thesecakes________withchocolate.Haveone,please.A．fill B．filledC．arefilled D．werefilledC

(

)10．TheChinaInternationalSearchandRescueTeamhasbroughthelpandhopetopeopleindisastersaroundtheworldsinceit________18yearsago.A．setup B．issetupC．wassetup D．willbesetupC

(

)11．Hiscar________fiveyearsago,butitlooksquitenew.A．buys B．boughtC．isbought D．wasbought(

)12．Ginawenttothedoctoryesterdayandshe_______abouttheimportanceofgoodlivinghabitsoncemore.A．told B．istoldC．wastold D．hastoldD

C

(

)13．—Thepassengerrefusedtomoveaftertakinganotherone’sseat!—Whatashame!He________accordingtothenewcreditsystem(誠信體系).A．punish B．punishedC．willpunish D．willbepunishedD

(

)14．—Oh，Yourroomistoodirty,Mike!—Sorry,Mom.It________yesterday.Iforgottodoit.A．didn’tclean B．isn’tcleanedC．wascleaned D．wasn’tcleaned(

)15．Thevillagersexpectthatthebuildingofthebridge________beforetherainyseasoncomes.A．iscompleted B．wascompletedC．willbecompleted D．hasbeencompletedD

C

二、完成句子1．Chinaisgettingstrongerandstronger,soChinese____________________moreandmoreforeigners.中國變得越來越強大，

所以漢語被越來越多的外國人學習。2．WhenIwasyoung,I______________________bymygrandparents.在我小的時候，

我由我的(外)祖父母照顧。is

learned

by

was

looked

after

3．IfI________________,Iwillgotohisbirthdaypartyontime.如果我被邀請，

我會準時參加他的生日聚會。4．Iknowhowteaisproduced.Whentealeavesareready,they____________byhandandthen__________forprocessing.我知道茶是怎么生產的。當茶葉準備好后，

手工采摘，

然后送去加工。am

invited

are

picked

are

sent

5．Asthemostexcitingandtraditionalwaytoshop,streetmarkets_____