2023職稱英語考試真題及答案解讀

2023職稱英語考試真題及答案

第1部分：詞匯選項（第1?15題，每題I分，共15分）

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或者短語有下劃線，請為每處下劃線部分確定1個意義最為

接近的選項。

1、Haveyoutalkedtoher?lately?

A.lastly

B.finally

C.shortly

D.recently

2、About?onequarterof?theworkersinthecountryareemployedinfactories.

A.third

B.fourth

C.tenth

□.fifteenth

3、Thedentisthasdecidedto?extract?herbadtooth.

A.takeout

B.repair

C.pushin

D.dig

4、Weshallkeepthemoneyina?secure?placc.

A.clean

B.secret

C.disiani

D.safe

5、Thistableisstrongand?durable.

A.long-lasting

B.extensive

C.farreaching

D.etemal

6、Heenduredagoniesbeforehefinally?expired.

A.fired

B.resigned

C.died

D.retreated

7、Thereareonlyfiveminutesleft,butthe?outcome?ofthematchisstillindoubt.

A.result

B.judgement

C.estimation

D.event

8、Thegreatchangesofthecity?astonished?everyvisitortothatcity

A.attacked

B.surprised

C.attracted

D.interested

9、Howdoyou?accountfor?yourabsencefromtheclasslastThursday?

A.explain

B.examine

C.choose

D.expand

10、Shewas?grateful?tohimforbeingsogoodtoher.

A.careful

B.hateful

C.bcautiful

D.thankful

11、Thecityhasdecidedto?doawaywith?alltheoldbuildingsinitscenter.

A.getridof

B.setup

C.repair

D.paint

12、Peoplefrommanyplaceswere?drawn?tothecitybyitsgrowingeconomy.

A.fetched

B.carried

C.attracted

D.pushed

13、Heis?cer（ain?thatthedictionaryisjustwhatIwant.

A.sure

B.angry

C.doubtful

D.worried

14>Ourlivesare?intimately?boundupwiththeirs.

A.tensely

B.nearly

C.carefully

D.closely

15、Thesoldier?displayed?remarkablecourageinthebattle.

A.placed

B.showed

C.pointed

D.decided

第2部分：閱讀推斷（第16—22題，每題1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請依據(jù)短文的內容對每個句子做出推斷：假如該句供應

的是正確信息，請選擇A;假如該句供應的是錯誤信患，請選擇B;假如該句的信息文中沒有

提及，請選擇C。

回答622題：

EasyLearning

Studentsshouldbejealous.Notonlydobabiesgettodozetheirdaysaway,butthey'vealso

masteredthefineartoflearningintheirsleep.

Bythetimebabiesareayearoldtheycanrecognisealotofsoundsandevensimple

words.MarieCheourattheUniversityofTurkuinFinlandsuspectedthattheymightprogressthis

fastbecausetheylearnlanguagewhiletheysleepaswellaswhentheyareawake.

Totestthetheory,Cheourandhercolleaguesstudied45newbornbabiesinthefirstfewdays

oftheirlivcs.ThcyexposedalltheinfantstoanhourofFinnishvowelsounds-onethatsounds

like“oo"，anotherlike“ee"andathirdboundaryvowelpeculiartoFinnishandsimilarlanguages

thatsoundslikesomethinginbetween.EEGrecordingsoftheinfantsbrainsbeforeandafterthe

sessionshowedthatthenewbornscouldnotdistinguishthesounds.

Fifteenofthebabiesthenwentbackwiththeirmothers,whiletherestweresplitintotwo

sleep-studygroups.Onegroupwasexposedthroughouttheirnight-timesleepinghourstothesame

threevowels,whiletheotherslistenedtoother,easier-to-distinguishvowelsounds.

Whentestedinthemorning,andagainintheevening,thebabieswho'dheardthetricky

boundaryvowelallnightshowedbrainwaveactivityindicatingthattheycouldnowrecognisethis

newsound.Theycouldidentifythesoundevenwhenitspitchwaschanged,whilenoneofthe

otherbabiescouldpickuptheboundaryvowelatall.

Cheourdoesn'tknowhowbabiesaccomplishthisnight-timelearning,butshesuspectsthat

thespecialabilitymightindicatetliatunlikeadults,babiesdon't"turnoiT,theircerebralcortex

whiletheysleep.Theskillprobablyfadesinthecourseofthefirstyearoflife,sheadds—soforget

theideathatyoucanpickuptrickyFrenchvowelsasanadultjustbyslippingalanguagetape

underyourpillow.Butwhileitmaynothelpgrown-ups,Cheourishopingtousethesleeping

hoursiogiveremedialhelptobabieswhoaregeneticallyairiskoflanguagedisorders.

Babiescanlearnlanguageevenintheirsleep.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

17、Aninfantcanrecognizealotofvowelsbythetimeheorsheisayearold.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

18、Finnishvowelsareeasytodistinguish.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

19、ThethreevowelsmentionedinthisarticleareallFinnishsounds.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

20、Thestudyshowsthattheinfant,scerebralcortexisworkingwhileheisasleep.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

21Ifanadultwantstolearnalanguagefaster.hecanputalanguagetapeunderhispillow.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

22、Chcour'sfindingisworthless.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

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第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第23?30題，每題1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2項測試任務：(1)第23?26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2?5段

每段選擇I個最佳標題;(2)第27?30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選

項。

回答23-30題：

ScreenTest

EveryyearmillionsofwomenarescreenedwithX-raystopickupsignsofbreastcancer.If

thishappensearlyecough,thediseasecanoftenbetreatedsuccessfully.Accordingtoasurvey

publishedlastyear,21countrieshavescreeningprogrammes.Nincofthem,includingAustralia,

Canada,theUSandSpain,screenwomenunder50.

Butthemedicalbenefitofscreeningtheseyoungerwomenarecontroversial,partlybecause

theradiationbringsasmallriskofinducingcancer.Also,youngerwomenmustbegivenhigher

dosesofX-raysbecausetheirbreasttissueisdenser.

ResearchersatthePolytechnicUniversityofValenciaanalysedtheeffectofscreeningmore

than160,000womenat11localclinics.Afterestimatingthewomen'scumulativedoseofradiation,

theyusedtwomodelstocalculatethenumberofextracancersthiswouldcause.

ThemathematicalmodelrecommendedbyBritain'sNationalRadiologicalProtectionBoard

(NRPB)predictedthatthescreeningprogrammewouldcause36cancersper100,000women,18

ofthemfatal.ThemodelpreferredbytheUNScientificCommitteeontheEffectsofAtomic

Radiationled,toalowerfigureof20cancers.

Theresearchersarguethatthelevelofradiation-inducedcancersis“notverysignificant”

comparedtothefarlargernumberofcancersthatarediscoveredandtreated.TheValencia

programme,theysay,detectsbetween300and450casesofbreastcancerinevery100,000women

screened.

Buttheypointoutthattheriskofwomencontractingcancerfromradiationcouldbereduced

bybetween40and80percentifscreeningbeganat50insteadof45,becausetheywouldbe

exposedtolessradiation.Theresultsoftheirstudy,theysuggest,couldhelp“optimisethe

technique“forbreastcancerscreening.

“Thereisatrade-offbetweenthediagnosticbenefitsofbreastscreeninganditsrisks/'admits

MichaelClarkoftheNRP

B.Buthewarnsthatthestudyshouldbeinterpretedwithcaution.44Onthebasisofthecurrent

data,forevery10cancerssuccessfullydetectedandpreventedthereisariskofcausingonelater

inli電Thal'swhyradiationexposureshouldbeminimisedinanyscreeningprogramme.^^

Paragraph2

24>Paragraph3

25、Paragraph4

26>Paragraph5

A.HarmScreeningMayDotoaYoungerWoman

B.InvestigatingtheEffectofScreening

C.EffectsPredictedbyTwoDifferentModels

D.SmallRiskofInducingCancersfromRadiation

E.TreatmentofCancers

EFactorsThatTriggerCancers

27、Earlydiscoveryofbreastcancermay.

28、Advantagesofscreeningwomenunder50are.

29>Delayingtheageaiwhichscreeningsiansmay

30、Radiationexposureshouldbe.

A.becostly

B.harmful

C.savealife

D.stillopentodebate

E.reducetheriskofradiationtriggeringacancer

F.rcducedtotheminimum

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第4部分：閱讀理解（第31?45題，每題3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請依據(jù)短文內容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。

回答31~45題：

PsychologyofShopping

Peoplecanbeaddictedtodifferentthings—e.g.alcohol,drugs,certainfoods,oreven

television.Peoplewhohavesuchadditionarecompulsive,i.e.theyhaveaverypowerful

psychologicalneedthattheyfeeltheymustspendmoney.Thiscompulsion,likemostothers,is

irrational-impossibletoexplainreasonably.Forcompulsivespenderswhobuyoncredit,charge

accountsareevenmoreexcitingthanmoney.

Inotherwords,compulsivespendersfeelthatwithcredit,theycandoanything.Their

pleasureinspendingenormousamountsisactuallygreaterthanthepleasurethattheygetfromthe

thingstheybuy.Thereisspecialpsychologyofbargainhundng.Tosavemoney.Ofcourse,most

peoplesearchfbrsales,lowpricesanddiscountspulsivebargainhunters,however,oftenbuy

thingstheydon'tneedjustonlybecausetheyarecheap.Theybelievethattheyarehelpingtheir

budgets,buttheyarereallyplayinganexcitinggame:whentheycanbuysomethingforlessthan

otherpeople,theyfeelthattheyarewinners.Mostpeople,expertsclaim,havetworeasonsfbrtheir

behavior:agoodreasonfbrthingsthattheydoandtherealone.

Ofcourse,itisnotonlyscientistswhounderstandthepsychologyofspendinghabits,butalso

businesspcople.Stores,companies,andadvertisersusepsychologytoincreasebusiness:they

considerpeople'sneedsforlove,power,orinfluence,theirbasicvalue,theirbeliefsandopinions,

andsoonintheiradvertisingandsalesmethods.PsychoIogistscanoftenuseamethodcalled

"behaviortherapy"tohelpindividualssolvetheirpersonalityproblems.Inthesameway,theycan

helppeoplewhofeelthattheyhaveproblemswithmoney.

Theword"compulsive"(Line2,Para.1)probably-means.

A.necessary

Bpulsoiy

Cplicated

D.fearful

32Accordingtothepassage,thegreatestpleasureofcrazyshoppingfbracompulsive

spenderis.

A.togetthingstheywant

B.tomeettheirstrongpsychologicalneed

C.tospendalotofmoney

D.tomeettheirbasicneeds

33、Accordingtothepassage,compulsivebargainhuntersconstantlysearchfbrthelowest

possibleprices.

A.becausetheyfeelsatisfiediftheyspendlessmoneythanothers

B.becausetheyhavemoneyproblem

C.becausetheyliketoshowofftheirsuccessingettingthingsfbrlessmoney

D.bccausctheywanttosavemoneytohelptheirbudget

34、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?.

A.A11peopleonlybuythingstheyneed.

B.Bothbusinesspeopleandadvertisersincreasesalesthroughusingpsychology.

C.Scientistsunderstandpsychologybetterthanbusinesspeople.

Dpulsivespenderscannevergetanyhelptosolvetheirproblems.withmoney.

35、Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?.

A.Theuseofthepsychologyofspendingmoneyinbusiness.

B.Aspecialpsychologyofbargaining.

C.Amethodtohelpcompulsivespenderstosolvetheproblemofmoney.

D.Thepsychologyofmoney-spendinghabits.

36、回答36-50題：

LifetimeEmploymentinJapaneseCompanies

InmostlargeJapanesecompanies,thereisapolicyoflifetimeemployment.Whatthismeans

isthatwhenpeopleleaveschooloruniversitytojoinanenterprise,theycanexpecttoremainwith

thatorganizationuntiltheyretire.Ineffect,theemployeegetsjobsecurityforlife,andcanonlybe

firedforseriousmistakesinwork.Evenintimesofbusinessrecession,heorsheisfreefromihe

fearofbeinglaidoff.

OneresultofthispracticeisthattheJapaneseworkeridentifiescloselywithhiscompanyand

feelsstrongloyaltytoil.Byworkinghardfor(hecompany,hebelievesheissafeguardinghisown

future.ltisnotsurprisingthatdevotiontoone'scompanyisconsideredagreatvirtueinJapan.

A.manisoftenpreparedtoputhisfirm'sinterestsbeforethoseofhisimmediatefamily.

Thejobsecurityguaranteedbythissysteminfluencesthewayemployeesapproachtheir

work.Theytendtothinkintermsofwhattheycanachievethroughouttheircarcer.Thisisbecause

theyarenotjudgedonhow(heyareperformingduringashortperiodoftime.Theycanaffordto,

takealongerperspectivethantheirWesterncounterparts.

Thismarriagebetweentheemployeeandthecompany-theconsequenceoflifetime

employment-mayexplainwhyJapaneseworkersseempositivelytolovetheproductstheir

companyisproducingandwhytheyarewillingtostayonafterwork,forlittleovertimepay,to

participateinearnestdiscussionsaboutthequalitycontroloftheirproducts.

LifetimeemploymentintheJapanesecompanymeansthattheemployee.

A.leaveshiscompanyonlywhenbusinessisbad.

B.getsajobsoonafterheleavesschooloruniversity.

C.canworktherethroughouthiscareer,

D.canhavehisseriousmistakesinworkcorrected.

37、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

A.Familyandcompanyinterestsareequallyimportant

B.TheJapaneseworkerisveryloyaltohiscompany.

C.One'sfutureisguaranteedthroughhardwork.

D.Devotiontoone'scompanyisencouraged.......

38、Lifetimeemploymentinfluencesone's.

A.achievementsatwork.

B.performanceatwork.

C.careeroptions.

D.attitudetowardwork.

39、TheJapaneseworkerisfondofhiscompany'sproductsbecauseof.

A.hismarriagewiththedaughterofthepresident.

B.thecloselinkbetweenhimandhiscompany.

C.hiswillingnesstoworkovertime.

D.hisactiveparticipationinqualitycontrol,

40、Thepassagemainlydiscusses.

A.howlifetimeemploymentworksinJapan.

B.whatbenefitslifetimeemploymenthasbroughttoJapaneseworkers.

C.whatlifetimeemploymentis.

D.howlifetimeemploymentisviewed.

回答41-55題:

DreamsofFlight

Thestoryofman'sdreamofflight,ofhisdesiretoreachthestars,isasoldasmankind

itself.AccordingtoGreeklegend,Daedaluswasthefirstmantofly.Heandhissonhadbeenkept

onanisland.Inorderioescape,Daedalusshapedwingsofwax（2）intowhichhestuckbird

feathers.Duringtheirflight,hissonflewtoohighandthesunmeltedthewax.Hewasdrownedin

thesea.ThefatherwassupposedtohavecontinuedhisflightandreachedSicily,severalhundred

milesaway.

ThereisalsoanEnglishlegendofKingBladudwho,duringhisruleintheninthcentury

B.

C.,usedwingstofly.Buthisflightwasshort-livedandhefelltohisdeath.Thedreamof

flyingcontinued,butinallthelegends,theflierroselikeabirdonlytofalllikeastonc.lttook

hundredsofyearsthatmenflewupintotheairandreturnedtoearthsafely.

ThefirstmantoapproachflyingonascientificbasiswasanEnglishmanwholivedduring

thethirteenthcentury.Helookedaltheairaboutusasasea,andhebelievedthataballooncould

floatontheairjustasaboatdidonwater.Almostfourhundredyearslater,anItalianpriestapplied

hisprincipleofairflight.Hedesignedaboat,whichwouldbeheldintheairbyfourhollow

spheres（空心球）.achofthefourballswastobe20feetindiameter（直徑）andmadeofverythin

copper.Buthisboatwasneverbuiltsinceitwasnotpossibletomakespheresofsuchthinmetal

andsuchsizeinthosedays.

Afterstudyingtheflightofbirdsandthemovementoftheair,agreatscientistofthefifteenth

centuryconcludedthatbirdsflewbecausetheyflapped（搖擺）theirwingsandthatitwaspossible

formantodothesame.Soakindofflapping-wingflyingmachinewasinvented.Manymentried

andfailedtoflywithflyingmachines.ltwasnotuntil1890thatpeoplediscoveredwhythis

methodwouldneversucceed-mancouldnotdevelopsufficientpowerwithhisarmsandlegs.

HowdidDaedalusmanagetoescapetoSicily,accordingtothepassage?

A.Hekilledtheguardsandgotoutoftheisland.

B.Agodcametorescuehimandtookhimaway.

C.Hissoncametorescuehimandtookhimaway.

D.Hemadewingsofwaxandflewawayfromtheisland.

42、AccordingtotheEnglishlegend.KingBladudlosthislifebecause.

A.heflewtoofar.

B.hcflewtoohigh.

C.hefelltotheground,

D.hewashitbyastone.

43、Thefirstscientificairflightwasdesignedby.

A.aGreek.

B.anEnglishman.

C.aChinese.

D.anItalian.

44、Thepriestfailedtobuildtheboatbecause.

A.hecouldnotraiseenoughmoney.

B.hisdesignwasnotscientific.

C.hecouldnotfindenoughcopper.

D.copperspherescouldnotbemadeasdesigned

45、Accordingtothelastparagraph,mancouldnotflywithflapping-wingflyingmachines

because.

A.hecouldnotdevelopadequatepowerwithhisarmsandlegs.

B.heknewnothingaboutthemovcmcmoftheair.

C.theyweremadeofheavymetal.

D.thcyweremadeoflightfeathers.

昌師講堂

名師講堂對職稱英語等級考試的內容進行了詳盡的視頻講解，包括每個考試

題型的答題技巧和考前注意事項.讓考生在不了解職稱英語考試的情況下快

速上手，增加考試的自信心。

TYKV^天字號王

份轆目&①Q(mào)華

首更我炊件開的

第5部分：補全短文（第46?50題，每題2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請依據(jù)短文內容將其

分別放回原有位置，以復原文章原貌。

回答46-50題：

TheBuildingofthePyramids

Theoldeststonebuildingsintheworldarethepyramids.(46)Thereareover

eightyofthemscatteredalongthebanksoftheNile,someofwhicharedifferentinshapefromthe

truepyramids.Themostfamousofthesearethe"Step"pyramidandthe"Bent"pyramid.

Someofthepyramidsstilllookmuchthesameastheymusthavedonewhentheywerebuilt

thousandsofyearsago.Mostofthedamagesufferedbytheothershasbeenatthehandsofmen

whowerelookingfbrtreasureor,moreoften,fbrstonetouseinmodem

buildings.(47).Thesearegoodreasonswhytheycanstillbeseentoday,butperhaps

themostimportantisthattheywereplannedtolastforever.(48).However,thereare

nowritingsorpicturestoshowushowtheEgyptiansplannedorbuiltthepyramids

themselves.(49)

Nevertheless,byexaminingtheactualpyramidsandvarioustoolsWhichhavebeenfound,

archaeologistshaveformedafairlyclearpictureofthem.

Onethingiscertain:theremusthavebeenmonthsofcarefulplanningbeforetheycould

begintobuild.(50)Youmaythinkthiswouldhavebeeneasywithmilesandmilesof

emptydesertaround,butapyramidcouldnotbebuiltjustanywhere.Certainruleshadtobe

followed,andcertainproblemshadtobeovercome.

A.ThedryclimateofEgypthashelpedtopreservethepyramids,andtheirveryshapehave

madethemlesslikelytofallintoruin.

B.Itispracticallycertainthatplansweremadeforthebuildingofthepyramidsbecausethe

plansofotherlargeworkshavefortunatelybeenpreserved.

C.Thefirstthingtheyhadtodowastochooseasuitableplace.

0.Consequently,weareonlyabletoguessatthemethodsused.

E.Manypeoplewerekilledwhilebuildingthepyramids.

ETheyhavestoodfornearly5.000years,anditseemslikelythattheywillcontinuetostand

forthousandsofyearsyet.

47、________

48、________

49、________

50、________

第6部分：完形填空(第51?65題，每題1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15處空白，請依據(jù)短文內容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。

回答51-65題：

Transportation

Formanyyearsinthedesert,camelsUsedtobetheonlyformoftransportation(運

輸).Beforeth