Unit-4-Body-Language【重點語法】(原卷版)

重點語法Unit4（原卷版）2021-2022學年高二英語上冊鏈接教材精準變式練（人教版2019）教材教材重點語法知識鏈接及典例解讀動詞ing的用法--作賓語和表語判斷下列教材中句子的畫線部分在句中所作的成分1.Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.2.InFrance,apersonencounteringanidenticalgesturemayinterpretitasmeaningzero.3.However,youshouldavoidmakingthisgestureinBrazilandGermany,asitisnotconsideredpolite.4.Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaistornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.5.Agoodwayofsaying"Iamfull"ismovingyourhandincirclesoveryourstomachafterameal.6.Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.知識點動詞-ing作賓語動詞-ing作賓語時，可位于動詞之后，也可位于介詞之后，具體用法如下∶1.常接動詞-ing形式作賓語的動詞及短語動詞appreciate（欣賞），consider（考慮），delay（推遲），avoid（避免），finish（完成），imagine（想象），miss（錯過），mean（意味著），resist（抗拒），risk（冒險），suggest（建議），mind（介意），escape（避開），admit（承認），allow（允許），giveup（放棄），insiston（堅決要求），feellike（想要），beusedto（習慣于），leadto（導致），lookforwardto（期待，盼望）等動詞及短語動詞后通常接動詞-ing形式作賓語。Hegotwell-preparedfortheinterview,forhecouldn'trisklosingthegoodopportunity.他為這次面試做好了準備，因為他不能冒險失去這一良機。>Doyoumindpassingmethatdictionary?你介意把那本詞典遞給我嗎?>Ihavebeenlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.我一直盼望著收到你的來信。2.作介詞的賓語動詞-ing位于介詞之后，構成介詞短語，在句中作定語或狀語。Thesemeasureshavecreatedconditionsforraisingtheoutputofsteel.這些措施為提高鋼的產(chǎn)量創(chuàng)造了條件。Oneneverlosesbydoingagoodturn.【諺】善有善報。Afterlookingathiswatch，hehurriedtothestation.看了看表后，他匆忙趕往火車站。Hewouldneverthinkofgivingupthisproject.他是絕不會考慮放棄這一計劃的。特別提醒動詞-ing的前面可以有自己的邏輯主語以構成復合結構，其形式有以下幾種∶①形容詞性物主代詞＋動詞-ing②名詞's＋動詞-ing③人稱代詞賓格＋動詞-ing④名詞＋動詞-ingHeleftthecitywithoutourknowingit.他離開了這座城市，我們都不知道。Wouldyoumindmy/meusingyourcellphone?你介意我用你的手機嗎?Iknewnothingaboutthewindowbeingopen.我一點兒也不知道窗戶開著。語法填空1.（2020·天津閱讀表達改編）Asweorganizedteams，preparedresourcesandpracticed_________(answer)questions,IfeltmoreconnectedthanIeverhadtoanysportsteam.2.（2020·天津單項填空改編）Tohelpuspreparefortheexam,theteachersuggested________(read)throughournotes.3.（2020·山東語法填空改編）Aswellaslookingatexhibits，visitorscanplaywithcomputersimulations（模擬）andimaginethemselveslivingatadifferenttimeinhistoryor___________(walk)througharainforest.4.（2020·全國Ⅲ卷閱讀理解改編）PeopleinEthiopianhighlandshaveadaptto_______(live)athighaltitudes.5.（2020·全國Ⅱ卷語法填空節(jié)選）Theyrepresenttheearth____________(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.3.動詞-ing與動詞不定式作賓語的區(qū)別（1）begin，start，continue等動詞后既可跟動詞不定式作賓語，又可跟動詞-ing作賓語，二者意義差別不大。Iwasallowedtocontinueusing/tousethelibrary.我獲準繼續(xù)使用那個圖書館。Thestudentsbegandoing/todotheexperiment.學生們開始做實驗。特別提醒在下面的情況中，動詞begin和start后只能接不定式。（1）當begin和start本身用于進行時的時候。Thestudentsarestartingtoworkonthemathsproblems.學生們開始做數(shù)學題。（2）當begin和start與know，understand等表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞連用時。Ibegantounderstandwhathadhappened.我開始明白發(fā)生了什么。（2）love，like，hate等動詞后可跟動詞-ing和動詞不定式作賓語。動詞-ing通常表示習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作，動詞不定式可表示一次性的具體的動作。Helikesswimming,buthedoesn'tliketogotoswimthisafternoon.他喜歡游泳，但今天下午他不想去游泳。（3）接動詞-ing和接動詞不定式作賓語時意義差別較大的動詞和短語動詞∶forgettodosth.忘記要做某事forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事remembertodosth.記得要做某事rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事regrettodosth.遺憾地去做某事regretdoingsth.后悔做過某事meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味著做某事can'thelptodosth.不能幫忙做某事canthelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事ttytodosth.努力做某事trydoingsth.嘗試做某事goontodosth.繼續(xù)做另一件事goondoingsth.繼續(xù)做同一件事stoptodosth.停下來去做另一件事stopdoingsth.停止做某事>Don'tforgettoputthemilkinthefridgebeforeyouleavehome.你離開家之前別忘了把牛奶放進冰箱里。>Heforgottellingmewhathadhappened.他忘記他已經(jīng)告訴我發(fā)生的事情了。Weregrettoinformyouthatyourapplicationhasbeenrejected.我們很遺憾地通知您，您的申請已經(jīng)被拒絕了。Iregretspendingsomuchmoneyonacar.我后悔在一輛汽車上花這么多錢。Withsomuchworktodo，Ican'thelptowashtheclothes.因為有這么多工作要做，我不能幫忙洗衣服。>Ican'thelpthinkingheknowsmorethanhehastoldus.我總覺得他沒把他知道的事全告訴我們。特別提醒在demand，need，require，want等表示"需要"的動詞后面可接動詞-ing作賓語（用主動形式表示被動含義），也可接不定式的被動式作賓語。>Myshirtneedswashing.=Myshirtneedstobewashed.我的襯衫需要洗了。真題鏈接語法填空1.（2020·全國Ⅰ卷完形填空改編）Sinceourtwinsbegan__________(learn)towalk,mywifeandIhavekept_________(tell)themthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.2.（2020·全國Ⅱ卷閱讀理解改編）Whenyouweretrying___________(figure)outwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidn'tcrossyourmind.3.（2020·天津閱讀表達改編）Iprobablywouldhavecontinued___________(try)tokeepupwithhimortherestofmyhighschoolcarer,butwhenmyfamilymoved,everythingchanged.4.（2020·天津閱讀理解改編）Westop________（ask）questions.Westop_______(challenge)custom.Wejustfollowthecrowd.5.（2018·浙江語法填空改編）Istillremember__________(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandIwasshockedwhenIlearntshehadn'tcookedonceinallthattime.6.（2018·天津單項填空改編）Ididn’tmean__________（eat）anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn’thelp_______(try)it.動詞-ing作表語1.作表語的動詞-ing有時體現(xiàn)的是名詞的特性，用于對主語的內(nèi)容進行解釋說明，且主語和表語可以換位。>WhatIamtiredofiswaitingherealone.(=Waitingherealoneiswhatlamtiredof.）我厭煩獨自在這里等待。MyjobisteachingyouEnglish.(=TeachingyouEnglishismyjob.）我的工作是教你們英語。2.作表語的動詞-ing有時是形容詞性的，表示主語的性質或特征，主語和表語不可換位。Thenewsisencouraging.這條消息令人鼓舞。特別提醒動詞-ing作表語表示一般性的動作;動詞不定式作表語表示一次具體的動作或將要發(fā)生的事。Hishobbyispainting.他的愛好是畫畫。（一般性的動作）Todaywhathewantstodoistopaint.今天他想要做的事是畫畫。（具體的動作）Hiswishistobecomeanartist.他的愿望是成為一名藝術家。（將要發(fā)生的事）語法填空1.（2020·全國Ⅰ卷語法填空改編）Landingonthemoon'sfarsideisextremely_______(challenge).2.（2020·全國Ⅱ卷閱讀理解改編）Myfirstjobwas__________(work)attheUkiahLibrarywhenIwas16yearsold.一．用括號內(nèi)詞的適當形式填空1.Thereisnoneedforyoutogoonadiet.Youareonly________(slight)overweightinrelationtoyourheight.2.Theoldman______(bend)over,pickeduptheplasticbagfromthegroundandthenthrewitintothedustbin3.Meaningisconveyednotonlybywords,butalsoby_________(verbal)communication.4.（天津高考單項填空改編）Thecoolingwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows,_________(make)airconditioningunnecessary.二．完成句子1.學校要求學生們每天至少鍛煉一個小時。Theschool______________________foratleastanhoureveryday.(callon)這位女士總是把她的房子收拾得整整齊齊，把一切都保持得井井有條。Theladyalways_____________________andkeepseverythingingoodorder.(straightenup)3.婚禮儀式之后，我們都擺好姿勢照相。Aftertheweddingceremony,weall_________________________(pose).三．用括號內(nèi)詞的適當形式填空1.（全國Ⅰ卷語法填空改編）Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;by______(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.2.Mydutieswillinclude____________(introduce)BritishvisitorstothepandasatChengdu.3.（2020·全國Ⅱ卷閱讀理解七選五改編）Andwhenyouremployeesbegin_________(add)smilingemojistotheirbusinesscommunication,you'llknowyouhavesucceededin______________(improve)yourworkculture.4.WhatIdislikeis_________(stay)uptoolate.5.After________(look)atthetoyforsometime,hetunedaroundandfoundhisparentsweremissing.6.Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoesn'tnecessarilymean__________(accept)theactionsofthepersonwhoupsetsyou.7.Thespeechyoudeliveredisveryinterestingand________________(encourage).8.（2018·全國Ⅲ卷語法填空改編）Iquicklylowermyself，___________(look)directlyintohisduckingmyheadtoavoideyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged.9.（2020·天津完形填空改編）Allwhoparticipatedhavegainedapositiveoutcomefrom_________(get)involved.10.（2020·全國Ⅰ卷閱讀理解改編）Theengineersarealsotrying____________(develop)anonandof"switch"wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.11.（2020·山東閱讀理解七選五改編）So，don’tstop___________(speak)whenyoumakeamistakeunlessit'satrulyseriousone.12.Afterhefinished___________(do)mathshomework,hewenton_________(write)acomposition.13.Haveyouforgotten_____________(borrow)somebooksfrommelastmonth?Willyoupleaseremember______________(bring)themtomorrow?14.Iaskhim______________thetrees,becausetheyrequire_________inthishotweather.(water)15.Theteacher'sexplanationoftheproblemwasso______________(confuse)thatmostofuscouldn'tunderstand.四．閱讀理解七選五（2020·廣東揭陽期末）Whatisyourfavouritecolour?Doyoulikeyellow,orange,red?___1___Doyouprefergreyandblue?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shy,andyouwouldratherfollowthanlead.Youtendtobeapessimist.Atleast,thisiswhatpsychologiststellus,andtheyshouldknow,becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcolourpreference,aswellastheeffectthatcolourshaveonhumanbeings.__2____Ifyouhappentolovebrown,youdidsoassoonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleastassoonasyoucouldseeclearly.___3____Ayellowroommakesmostpeoplefeelmorecheerfulandmorerelaxedthanadarkgreenone;andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday._