英語八大時(shí)態(tài)詳細(xì)講解

Weaimtothefirstone,headandshouldersaboveourcompetition.英語八大時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成：①肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+動(dòng)詞/be或者情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語②否定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+情/助否定+動(dòng)詞或者be動(dòng)詞否定+賓語③疑問結(jié)構(gòu)：（特殊疑問詞）+情/助/be+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語？Eg.Heisaworker.Heworkshard.Hecandohisworkwell.Ican’tdriveacar.Shedoesn’tlikefootball.Jimisnotagoodstudent.AreyouaEnglishteacher?WhatcanIdoforyou?MayIhaveyourattentions,please?Doeshegotoschoolbybike?Whoisthat？用法：①現(xiàn)階段習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或者存在的狀態(tài)。Eg.Heisaworker.TheyhaveEnglishclasseseveryday.Youalwaysmakefunofme.Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?②表示客觀真理，科學(xué)事實(shí)。Eg.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Theearthmovesroundthesun.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.③表將來A.按時(shí)間表進(jìn)行的，飛機(jī)、火車、巴士的出發(fā)Eg.ThetrainforGuangzhouleavesat7:00.B.時(shí)間狀語從句(till,until,when,assoonas等引導(dǎo))，條件狀語從句（unless,if引導(dǎo)）中表將來。主將從現(xiàn)Eg.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillhavetostayathome.標(biāo)志詞：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month...),onceaweek,onSundays三單動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則：1)一般情況下，動(dòng)詞后面直接加-s.例如：worksgetssaysreads2)以ch,sh,s,x或o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,在后面加-es。如：

go-goesteach-,teacherwash-washesbrush-brushes,catch-catches,do-does,fix-fixes

3)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把y變?yōu)閕再加-es.如：study-studiestry-triescarry-carries,fly-flies

cry-cries一般過去時(shí)構(gòu)成：①肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+動(dòng)詞過去式/be過去式+賓語②否定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+助動(dòng)詞過去式否定+動(dòng)詞或者be動(dòng)詞過去式否定+賓語③疑問結(jié)構(gòu)：（特殊疑問詞）+助過去式/be過去式+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語？Eg.Iattendedameetingyesterday.Hewasoftenlateforschool.Shedidn’tgohomelastnight.Theywerenotgoodstudentsbefore.Washelateforworkyesterday?Whatdidyoudolastmorning?Wherewashelastafternoon?Didyougotothecinemalastweek?用法：①表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間完成的動(dòng)作或一度存在的狀態(tài)，也可以表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。Eg.Iattendedameetingyesterday.Igraduatedfromcollegein1988.②表示過去連續(xù)發(fā)生或者反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Eg.Hewasoftenlateforschool.Theycameandsawme.標(biāo)志詞：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1)一般情況下，動(dòng)詞后面直接加-ed.例如：helped；learned2)以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,在后面加-d。如：

smile—smiled；hope—hoped；die-died；tie-tied

3)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把y變?yōu)閕再加-ed.如：worried;studied4）重讀閉音節(jié),雙寫詞尾輔音字母加ed.如:preferred(重讀在fer前);admitted(重讀在mit前);referred;deferred;stopped一般將來時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：①肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+begoingto+do或者will/shall+do+賓語②否定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+benotgoingto+do或者will/shallnot+do+賓語③疑問結(jié)構(gòu)：（特殊疑問詞）+begoingto+do或者will/shall+do+賓語？Eg.Shewillbebackinaminute.Ishallsucceedthistime.WearegoingtovisitParisthissummer.Heisnotgoingtoplaybasketballthisweekend.Whereareyougoingtohavedinnertoday?用法：①will/shall：shall用于第一人稱，will用于第一、二、三人稱皆可。Eg.Shewillbebackinaminute.Ishallsucceedthistime.②begoingto：A.表示說話人的意圖或打算。Eg.WearegoingtovisitParisthissummer.B.用來預(yù)報(bào)某事即將發(fā)生或有跡象表明即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Eg.Itisgoingtorain.C.表示就要…，正要…Eg.Iamgoingtogoshopping.③beabouttodo:表示正要（將要）…Eg.Thesunisabouttosinktothewest.④be+to+動(dòng)詞原形：表示預(yù)定，義務(wù)，可能，命令或吩咐。Eg.TheFrenchPresidentistovisitChina.預(yù)定Youaretobebackby9o’clock.義務(wù)Youarenottostaytoolateoutside.命令⑤be+V-ing：帶有意圖，安排或者打算，所用動(dòng)詞都是表示具體動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞（come,go,leave,arrive,start）Eg.WeareleavingforNewYorkaftertheperformance.⑥一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來：表示將來的，但是事先已經(jīng)安排好的動(dòng)作，這種安排一般不會(huì)改變。常見的動(dòng)詞有arrive,be,begin,go,leave,stay等。Eg.ThereisalectureonEnglishwritingtonight.HereIgiveyousomemoreexamples.標(biāo)志詞：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,by…,thedayaftertomorrow過去將來時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：①肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+was/weregoingto+do或者would/should+do+賓語②否定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+was/werenotgoingto+do或者would/shouldnot+do+賓語③疑問結(jié)構(gòu)：（特殊疑問詞）+was/weregoingto+do或者would/should+do+賓語？用法：立足于過去某一時(shí)刻，從過去看將來，常用于間接賓語和賓語從句中。①would/should+do：Eg.Ineverimaginedthathewouldbecomeadoctor.IpromisedmybossthatIwouldfinishthisworkbytheendofthemonth.②was/wereabout/goingtodo:Eg.Iwasgoingtoleavewhenitbegantorain.Helookedasifhewasabouttoburstintotears.③was/weretodo和was/weredoing:Eg.Iwasseeingoffmysisteratthestationthenextday.Iwastoldthatthemeetingwastobeheldthenextday.標(biāo)志詞：thenextday(morning,year…),thefollowingmonth(week…)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.構(gòu)成：①肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be+doing+(賓語)②否定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+benot+doing+(賓語)③疑問結(jié)構(gòu)：（特殊疑問詞）+be+主語+doing+(賓語)？Eg.Wearehavingameetingnow.Thestudentsarepreparingfortheentranceexamatpresent.2.用法：①表示此刻或者現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，或者說話時(shí)的動(dòng)作Eg.Wearehavingameetingnow.Thestudentsarepreparingfortheentranceexamatpresent.Look!Thechildisplayingontheground.②表示將來，同一般將來時(shí)用法⑤③現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)同頻度副詞always,continually,forever等連用是，表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生、具有持續(xù)性的事情或者表示不滿、抱怨或者贊揚(yáng)。Eg.Heisoneofthosewhoarealwaysthinkingofothers.Heisalwaysleavingthingsabout.④不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞：A.表示感覺的（feel,smell,sound,taste）Eg.Theplansoundsgood.B.表示感情、擁有關(guān)系、狀態(tài)或思想的動(dòng)詞：agree,believe,belong,contain,hate,hear,like,love,mind,possess,seem,understand,want等Eg.Theypossess3cars.3.標(biāo)志詞：now,atthistime,thesedays4.現(xiàn)在分詞變化規(guī)則：1.直接+ing(例：sleep+ingsleeping)2.去e+ing(例：bite-e+ingbitinglikingriding3重讀閉音節(jié)，雙寫輔音字母+ing(例：sit+t+ingsittingstoppingbeginning4.特殊變化：die-dying,lie-lying，tie-tying5.不規(guī)則變化過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1.構(gòu)成：①肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+was/were+doing+(賓語)②否定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+was/werenot+doing+(賓語)③疑問結(jié)構(gòu)：（特殊疑問詞）+was/were+主語+doing+(賓語)？Eg.Iwaswashingmyclothesatthattimeofyesterday.MyparentswerewatchingTVat9o’clockthedaybeforeyesterday.2.用法：①由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，表示過去某一時(shí)刻，A動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，B動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。則A動(dòng)作用一般過去時(shí)，B動(dòng)作用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。Eg.Thetwinsweresweepingthefloorwhentheteachercamein.②由While引導(dǎo)從句，兩動(dòng)作都用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。Eg.FatherwaswatchingTV,whileMotherwascooking.③看到有表示過去的時(shí)間，并且是具體到時(shí)間點(diǎn)。(atfouryesterday)Eg.Hewasmendinghisbikeattenyesterday.3.標(biāo)志詞：表示過去的具體到時(shí)間點(diǎn)的時(shí)間（fiveo‘clockthedaybeforeyesterday.）,thattime現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.構(gòu)成：①肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has+done+(賓語)②否定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/hasnot+done+(賓語)③疑問結(jié)構(gòu)：Have/Has+主語+done+(賓語)？2.用法：①過去的動(dòng)作，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。Eg.Wouldyouliketoseeafilmwithme？No,Ihaveseenit.②從過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)Eg.IhavebeenstudyingEnglishfor6years.3.標(biāo)志詞：already,everjust,yet,since+具體時(shí)間或者時(shí)間,for+一段時(shí)間4注意事項(xiàng)：①短暫性動(dòng)詞不能與since+具體時(shí)間或者時(shí)間或for+一段時(shí)間,Ihavebeenawayfromhereforthreedays.（right）Ihavelefthereforsince（wrong）②havebeento表示去過某點(diǎn)，已經(jīng)回來了。havegoneto去了某點(diǎn)，但還沒回來。過去完成時(shí)1.構(gòu)成：①肯定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+had+done+(賓語)②否定結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+hadnot+done+(賓語)③疑問結(jié)構(gòu)：Had+主語+done+(賓語)？2.用法：以過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)