第11講-Unit5詞匯和七選五閱讀(外研版2019選擇必修1)(解析版)

第11講Unit5Revealingnature提前預(yù)習(xí)新外研版選擇必修一Unit5的詞匯和閱讀掌握高二閱讀長難句分析方法和七選五閱讀（說明文）解題方法一．重點(diǎn)詞匯學(xué)習(xí)1.distantadj.2.seedn.3.muddyadj4.disgracen.5.geologistn.6.samplen.7.evolve8.suspectv.9.ancestorn.10.generatev.11.characteristicn.12.decline13.blame14.goat15.assignmentn.16primitiveadj.17.worldwide18.giantadj.19.comb-like20.spine21.myth22.legendn.23.detectvt.24.pesticiden.25.rootn.26.chillin.27.link28.graduaten.&v.29.concludev.30.fungaladj.31.cybercrime32centimetren.重點(diǎn)詞匯答案見教材詞匯表重點(diǎn)短語1．datebackto追溯到2．beadisgrace是恥辱，是丟臉的事3．a(chǎn)nswerthecall響應(yīng)號召4．ofalltime有史以來5．inquestion討論(議論)中的6．becrowdedwith擠滿7．cometoexist產(chǎn)生8．a(chǎn)daptto適應(yīng)9．benativeto源于……的，原產(chǎn)于……10．behometo是……的棲息地/家鄉(xiāng)11．sofar到目前為止12．carryout完成(任務(wù))；執(zhí)行；實(shí)施13．drive...away驅(qū)趕走……考點(diǎn)1：suspectv．猜想，懷疑，覺得n．嫌疑人要點(diǎn)歸納suspectsth懷疑某事suspectsbof(doing)sth懷疑某人有(做)某事的嫌疑suspectthat...懷疑……；覺得……例1．【單句填空】(1)Oneofthesuspects(suspect)resignedafterbeingsuspectedoftheft.(2)Ibegantosuspectthattheyweretryingtogetridofme.(3)Hesuspected(suspect)nothingandwalkedrightintothetrap.句式升級(4)Suspectingnothing,hewalkedrightintothetrap.[用分詞作狀語升級句(3)]考點(diǎn)2：declinev．減少；下降；衰落；婉言謝絕n．衰落，衰??；減少；下降要點(diǎn)歸納(1)declineanoffer/invitation謝絕對方的主動(dòng)幫助/邀請declinetodosth謝絕/拒絕做某事(2)declinein...在……(方面)的下降beindecline處于下降/衰退中onthedecline在衰退；在沒落中；在消減語法要領(lǐng)表示“增加”或“減少”的幅度常用介詞by，后面常跟百分?jǐn)?shù)；表示“增加到”或“減少到”常用介詞to，后面常跟具體數(shù)字。例2．【單句填空】(1)Hisrequesttomeetthecaptainswasdeclined(decline)yesterday.(2)Shedeclinedtohave(have)dinnerwithusbecauseshehadsomethingtoattendto.(3)Thenumberoftouriststothescenicspothasdeclinedby10%inrecentyearsto5million.(4)Thenumberofpeoplewhodon'tobservetrafficruleshasbeenonthedeclinesincethenewregulationscameintoeffect.補(bǔ)全句子(5)Icanonlydeclineyourinvitation,becauseIamoccupiedinpreparingformyfinalexam.我只能謝絕你的邀請，因?yàn)槲以诿τ跍?zhǔn)備期末考試?？键c(diǎn)3：blamev．責(zé)怪，指責(zé)；把……歸咎于n．過失；責(zé)備要點(diǎn)歸納(1)blamesbforsth因某事責(zé)備某人blamesthonsb/sth將某事歸咎于某人/某物betoblame(forsth)應(yīng)(對某事)負(fù)責(zé)任(2)take/beartheblamefor...承擔(dān)……的責(zé)任put/place/laytheblameonsb/sth歸咎于某人/某物例3【單句填空】(1)Blamed(blame)fortheaccident,thedriverhadbeenfinedagreatdeal.(2)Thepolicebelievemorethanonepersonistoblame(blame)forthefire.(3)Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.補(bǔ)全句子(4)Don'talwaysblameyourownfailureonothers.Youshouldtake/beartheblameforfailure.不要總把自己的失敗歸咎于他人，你應(yīng)該為失敗承擔(dān)責(zé)任?？键c(diǎn)4：linkv．把……聯(lián)系起來；連接n．聯(lián)系；紐帶要點(diǎn)歸納(1)link...to/with...將……和……連接/聯(lián)系起來belinkedto/with與……連接/聯(lián)系起來(2)alinkbetween...and...……和……之間的聯(lián)系名師點(diǎn)津與link用法相似的短語薈萃：(1)join...to...把……與……連接起來(2)connect...with/to...把……與……連接起來(3)associate...with...把……與……聯(lián)系起來(4)relate...to...把……與……聯(lián)系起來例4【單句填空】(1)Asubwaywilllinktheairporttothecitycentre.(2)Policesuspecttheremaybealinkbetweenthetwomurders.(3)Theisland,joined(join)tothemainlandbyalargebridge,iseasytogoto.補(bǔ)全句子(4)Yellowislinkedwith/isassociatedwith/isrelatedtoself-respect,confidenceandfriendliness.黃色一般與自尊、自信和友好相關(guān)?？键c(diǎn)5：answerthecall響應(yīng)號召要點(diǎn)歸納answerthephone/acall接聽電話answerthedoor開門，應(yīng)門answerthecriticism/charge/accusation就批評/指控/譴責(zé)作出回應(yīng)answeraneed滿足需求answeradescription與描述相符例5【單句填空】(1)Theyoungmanansweredthecallandjoinedthearmytodefendhiscountry.(2)Ikeptringingthebell,butnooneanswered(answer)thedoor.(3)Amananswering(answer)thepolice'sdescriptionwasseenenteringthebuilding.補(bǔ)全句子(4)Howdoyouanswerthecriticismthatyourgovernmenthasdonenothingtohelpthehomeless?有人批評你們的政府沒有為無家可歸的人提供任何幫助，你對此有何回應(yīng)？考點(diǎn)6：beadisgrace是恥辱，是丟臉的事要點(diǎn)歸納bringdisgraceon使……蒙羞indisgrace不光彩地Thereisnodisgraceindoingsth.做某事不丟臉。例6【單句填空】(1)Youareadisgracetothemedicalprofession.(2)Hesentusawayindisgrace.(3)Hisactionsbroughtdisgraceonthefamily.補(bǔ)全句子(4)Therewasnodisgraceinfinishingfourth.得了個(gè)第四沒什么丟臉的?？键c(diǎn)7：drive...away驅(qū)趕走……要點(diǎn)歸納driveoff驅(qū)車離去；駛?cè)rive...out迫使……離開drivesbto/into...迫使某人進(jìn)入某狀態(tài)drivesbtodosth迫使某人做某事drivesbcrazy/mad把某人逼得發(fā)瘋/發(fā)狂例7【單句填空】(1)(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthedamageitcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.(2)Iwatchedseveralpeoplegoby,getintotheircarsanddriveoff.(3)HispassionfortraditionalChineseculturedrovehimtocome(come)toChina.補(bǔ)全句子(4)Thechildreninthetownoftenmadefunofher,whichdrovehercrazy/mad.小鎮(zhèn)上的孩子們經(jīng)常取笑她，這簡直讓她發(fā)瘋。（一）用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．(2021·全國乙卷)Generation(generate)Xerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.2．(2021·全國乙卷)Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecomeeducatedabouttheareas—bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics(character),andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthedevelopmentofthelocalareas.3．(2020·浙江卷)Polarbears—likeallwildanimals—shouldbephotographedfromasafedistance(distant)．4．(2019·江蘇卷)Itseemsobviousthatevolution(evolve)shouldselectforlargerbrains.5．(2019·北京卷)Atthisyear'sI/OConference,acompanyshowedanewvoicetechnologyabletoproducesuchaconvincinghuman-soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistandbookareservationwithoutdetection(detect)．6．(2019·天津卷)Whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies，theyareweaklylinked(link)．(二）固定用法和搭配1．Addupalltheincomeyou'vereceivedovertheperiodinquestion.2．ThiskindofplantscametoexistonEarthmillionsofyearsago.3．Airports,railwaystationsandlong-distancebusstationsarecrowdedwithhomereturnees.4．Wedidn'taskforallthechallengesthatweface,butwe'redeterminedtoanswerthecalltomeetthem.5．Shedeclinedtohave(have)lunchwithherfriend,sayingthatshewasn'tfeelingwell.（三）七選五閱讀：長難句分析Nowadaysparentsandtheirchildrenarespendinglessandlesstimecommunicatingwitheachother.____16____.ItisreportedthatAmericanparentstodayspendabout40percentlesstimewiththeirchildrenthanparentsdidagenerationago.Tokeepyourfamilytimecreativeandenjoyable,belowisalistofhelpfulfamilytimetips.Eattogether&listentoeachotherMostchildrentodaydon'tknowthemeaningofthefamilydinnertime.Yetthecommunicationandunitybuiltduringthistimearenecessarytoahealthyfamilylife.Sharingamealtogetherallowsparentsandtheirchildrentotalkabouteachother'slives.____17____.ReadoftenIt'simportantforparentstoreadtotheirchildren.Thelatestresearchshowsthatreadingtoyourchildrencanhelpyourchildrendevelopaninterestinknowledgeandcontributetolanguagedevelopment.Italsoincreasestheirconcentrationonthingsandhelpsthembecomemorecurious.____18____.Afterreading,askquestionsaboutwhatthebooksareabout.StartahobbyorprojectChooseafunactivitythatyourchildrenareinterestedin.Activitieslikecooking,fishingorbikingcanbetheirgreathobbies.____19____.Onceachildlearnsanewskill,lethimorhertaketheleadunderyourdirection.Planafamilyouting____20____.Jumpintothefamilycarandgoforadrive.Prepareapicniclunchandvisitalocalpark.Taketimetoplayorrideabike.Aslowandrelaxingwalkinthewoodswillhelpparentscommunicatewiththeirchildrenbetter.Also,avisittothezooormuseumwillinspiretheenthusiasmofachildandleadtolongdiscussions.A.ItisveryimportantforchildrentoexerciseB.TheycanopenthedoortoexcitingfamilytimeC.SometimesgettingoutofthehouseisimportantD.LookforbooksthatyourchildrenwouldenjoyreadingE.NewtechnologyhasmadevideogamesmorepopularwithchildrenF.ThisisalsoanopportunityforparentstolistenandgiveadvicetotheirchildrenG.Asaresult,manychildrenaregettinglesslovethantheirparentsoncegot【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.B20.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。如今父母和孩子們彼此交流的時(shí)間越來越少。據(jù)報(bào)道，美國父母今天與孩子相處的時(shí)間比上一代人少了40%。本文介紹增強(qiáng)家庭成員感情的一些活動(dòng)?！窘馕觥俊?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Nowadaysparentsandtheirchildrenarespendinglessandlesstimecommunicatingwitheachother(現(xiàn)在，父母和他們的孩子花在相互交流上的時(shí)間越來越少了)”以及后句“ItisreportedthatAmericanparentstodayspendabout40percentlesstimewiththeirchildrenthanparentsdidagenerationago(據(jù)報(bào)道，今天的美國父母花在孩子身上的時(shí)間比上一代人少了約40%)”可知表示“結(jié)果，許多孩子得到的愛比他們的父母曾經(jīng)得到的要少”的選項(xiàng)G可以起到承上啟下的作用。故選G。【17題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Sharingamealtogetherallowsparentsandtheirchildrentotalkabouteachother'slives.(一起吃飯可以讓父母和孩子談?wù)摫舜说纳?”可知，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“這也是父母傾聽和給孩子建議的機(jī)會”符合語境?！皌alkabouteachother'slives”和“parentstolistenandgiveadvicetotheirchildren”是關(guān)聯(lián)詞。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Afterreading,askquestionsaboutwhatthebooksareabout.(閱讀后，問一些關(guān)于這些書的問題)”可知表示“尋找您的孩子會喜歡閱讀的書籍”的選項(xiàng)D符合前后文語境。此處“whatthebooksareabout”和“Lookforbooks”是關(guān)聯(lián)詞。故選D。【19題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Activitieslikecooking,fishingorbikingcanbetheirgreathobbies.(像烹飪、釣魚或騎自行車之類的活動(dòng)可能是他們的愛好)”以及后句“Onceachildlearnsanewskill,lethimorhertaketheleadunderyourdirection(一旦孩子學(xué)會了一項(xiàng)新技能，讓他或她在你的指導(dǎo)下發(fā)揮帶頭作用)”可知，B選項(xiàng)“它們可以打開通往令人興奮的家庭時(shí)光的大門”符合題意。故選B。【20題詳解】根據(jù)主題句“Planafamilyouting(計(jì)劃一次家庭外出活動(dòng))”以及后文介紹的戶外活動(dòng)，可知，表示“有時(shí)候出門很重要”的選項(xiàng)C符合前后語境，“outgoing”和“

gettingoutofthehous”是關(guān)聯(lián)詞。故選C。默寫下列核心詞匯對應(yīng)的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。Predictv.預(yù)測→predictionn．預(yù)測→predictableadj.可以預(yù)測的evidencen.證據(jù)→evidentadj顯然的Particularadj.特別的→particularlyadv.尤其Indicatev.暗示→indicationn.暗示，表明Poisonn。毒藥→poisonousadj.有毒的6．distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的；疏遠(yuǎn)的→distancen．距離7．characteristicn．特征，特性→charactern．性格；特性；角色8．evolvev．進(jìn)化→evolutionn．進(jìn)化(論)9．detectv．發(fā)現(xiàn)，察覺(尤指不易覺察到的事物)→detectionn．偵查；發(fā)覺，發(fā)現(xiàn)→detector探測器→detectable可檢測的二．課文語法填空短文中的黑體部分為本單元知識點(diǎn)，請按要求補(bǔ)全短文，并背誦體會黑體部分的用法。Whenmyunclewasyoung,heansweredthecalland1(go)toadistantislandwithhisclassmates.Hetooksomebooksaswellassomeseedswithhim.On2(arrive)atthebeautifulisland，hebecameinterestedintheplantswhichwerenativetotheisland.Heoftenobservedtheminhissparetime.Later,mostofhisclassmatesreturnedtothecity，whilemyunclechose3(stay)onthatisland.Mygrandfatherwassoangrythatheblamedhimforitmanytimesonthephone.4,myuncledidn'tchangehismind.Mygrandfatherevenconsideredhimasadisgracetothewholefamily.Myuncleworkedhardintheday.Inhisfreetime,hewentonstudyingthecharacteristicsofthoseplants.Heevenhadsomesamples5(place)inhisbedroom.Justatthattimehebegantothinkabouthowtheyevolvedfromtheirancestors.Althoughnoincome6(generate)fromhisstudy,hewascrazyaboutit.Heoftenusedsomeprimitive7(method)tocarryouthisexperiments,detectinghowtheseedsgrewintosometallplants.Therewasatime8thenumberofthoseplantswasonthedecline.Hemanagedtofindoutthereasonandcameup9anewwaytosolvetheproblem.Later,heachievedalotinthisfield.Hewas10(absolute)alegend!1．went2.arriving3.tostay4.However5．placed6.wasgenerated7.methods8.when9．with10.absolutely七選五閱讀Recently,I’vebeenfollowingasimplerulethatishelpingmecrushprocrastination(拖延癥)andmakingiteasierformetosticktogoodhabitsatthesametime．_____16_____Therearetwopartstothe2-MinuteRule.Part1—Ifittakeslessthantwominutes，thendoitnow．___17___Forexample，washingyourdishesimmediatelyafteryourmeal，tossingthelaundryinthewashingmachine，takingoutthegarbage，sendingthatemail，andsoon．Ifatasktakeslessthantwominutestocomplete，thenfollowtheruleanddoitrightnow．Part2—Whenyoustartanewhabit，itshouldtakelessthantwominutestodo．Canallofyourgoalsbeaccomplishedinlessthantwominutes?Obviouslynot．But，everygoalcanbestartedin2minutesorless．___18___Itmightsoundlikethisstrategyistoobasicforgrandlifegoals，butIbegtodiffer．The2-MinuteRuleworksforbiggoalsaswellassmallgoalsbecauseoftheinertia(慣性)oflife．______19______Ilovethe2-MinuteRulebecauseitembracestheideathatallsortsofgoodthingshappenonceyougetstarted．Themostimportantpartofanynewhabitisgettingstarted—notjustthefirsttime，buteachtime．It’snotaboutperformance，it’saboutconsistentlytakingaction．Ican’tguaranteewhetherornotthe2-MinuteRulewillworkforyou．_____20_____Anyonecansparethe