2024秋高中英語Unit1ArtSectionⅢGrammar-虛擬語氣Ⅰ學(xué)案含解析新人教版選修6

PAGEUnit1ArtSectionⅢGrammar——虛擬語氣(Ⅰ)虛擬語氣在條件句中的運(yùn)用1．非真實(shí)條件句中虛擬語氣的基本形式(1)與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反條件從句用過去時(shí)(be動(dòng)詞的過去式一律用were)，主句用“would(should/might/could)＋動(dòng)詞原形”。如：IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheinvitationtotheparty.假如我是你的話，我將接受去聚會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)。(2)與將來事實(shí)相反條件從句用過去時(shí)或者“wereto＋動(dòng)詞原形”或者“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，主句用“would(should/might/could)＋動(dòng)詞原形”。如：IfitwereSaturdaytomorrow,wewouldn'thaveanexam.假如明天是周六的話，我們就不考試了。2．非真實(shí)條件句的特別形式(1)虛擬條件句中的省略與倒裝假如if虛擬條件句中有were,had或者should等詞時(shí)，可以省略if，把這些詞放在主語前，形成倒裝句。如：IfIshouldmeether(ShouldImeether),Iwouldtellher.假如我遇見她的話，我就告知她。(2)錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句有時(shí)在非真實(shí)條件句中，主句謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作和條件從句中謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作并不同時(shí)發(fā)生，這時(shí)主句和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要依據(jù)各自所指的不同時(shí)間選用適當(dāng)?shù)奶摂M語氣形式。如：HadItakenmyumbrellawithmewhenIcameoutthismorning,Ishouldnotbewetnow.假如我今日早上出來的時(shí)候帶著傘的話，現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)淋濕了。(從句說的是過去的事情，而主句說的是現(xiàn)在的事情)(3)含蓄虛擬條件句有時(shí)一個(gè)假設(shè)的狀況并不用條件從句表示，而用其他方式來表示，這樣的句子叫含蓄虛擬條件句。主要有以下幾種狀況：①用with,without,butfor等介詞(短語)來替代條件從句，它們都可以轉(zhuǎn)換成由if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句。如：Wemighthavediedwithoutyourhelp.＝Wemighthavediedifyouhadn'thelpedus.假如(那時(shí))沒有你們的幫助，我們可能已經(jīng)死了。②用or,otherwise,butthat,suppose/supposing(that),provided/providing(that)等引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣。如：Youdidn'tcomeyesterday,oryouwouldhaveseenhim.你昨天沒有來，否則的話，你就已經(jīng)看到他了。③通過上下文來表示虛擬，在這種狀況下，須要加以分析。如：Iwouldhavegivenyoumoremoney,butIwassopoorthen.我(那時(shí)假如有錢的話)就會(huì)給你更多的錢了，但是我當(dāng)時(shí)太窮了。Ⅰ.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1．Hewantstocometotheparty,buthecan'tbecausehehastowork.→Hewould_cometothepartyifhedidn'thavetowork.2．LiQiangiseasy-going,sohehasanumberoffriends.→Ifhewerenoteasy-going,LiQiangwouldn't_haveanumberoffriends.3．Ifhecontinuestoworkhardlikethis,hewillgetahigherposition.→If_he_should_continue/Should_he_continue/If_he_were_to_continue/Were_he_to_continue/If_he_continuedtoworkhardlikethis,hewouldgetahigherposition.4．Weknowlittleaboutthedisease,sowearenotabletotreatthepatientseffectively.→Ifweknewmoreaboutthedisease,wewouldbeabletotreatthepatientseffectively.5．Thankstoyourtimelywarning,wedidn'tgetintogreattrouble.→Butforyourtimelywarning,wewould_have_gotintogreattrouble.Ⅱ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．—Ifthefactorybelonged(belong)tome,Iwouldn't_sell(notsell)it.—Butitisn'tyours.2．—Ifyouhad_kept(keep)thesecret,nobodywould_have_known(know)it.—I'msorryformakingsuchamistake.3．Iftheweatherweretobefinetomorrow,Iwould_go(go)foranoutingwithmyparents.4．Were(be)Iyou,Iwouldthinkaboutthisproblemonceagain.5．Had(have)Ihadtimelastnight,Iwould_have_gone(go)toseethiswonderfulfilm.6．IfIhadworkedharderatschool,Iwould_be_sitting(sit)inacomfortableofficenow.7．Iwould_have_called(call)you,butIforgotyourtelephonenumber.8．Haditnotbeenforyourovercoat,Iwould_have_died(die)．9．Whatadifficulttest!FortunatelyIworkedhard,otherwiseIwould_have_failed(fail)．10．IrealizedthatifIhad_done(do)that,Iwouldhavelostanewfriendandmissedallthefunwewouldhavetogether.Ⅲ.句型訓(xùn)練1．If_I_were_in_your_position/Were_I_in_your_position(假如我在你的位置上),Iwoulddoitbetter.2．Ifitweretoclearuptomorrow,wewould_go_for_a_picnic(就去野餐)．3．If_I_were_a_boy(假如我是一個(gè)男孩),Iwould