2024秋高中英語(yǔ)Unit1FriendshipSectionⅢGrammar-直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)Ⅰ學(xué)案含解析新人教版必修1

PAGE1-Unit1FriendshipSectionⅢGrammar——干脆引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)(Ⅰ)[思維導(dǎo)圖][語(yǔ)法精講]對(duì)于干脆引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)的駕馭，我們可以遵循這樣一個(gè)原則：一個(gè)概念，兩種形式，三種句型，四種改變。eq\x(\a\al(一個(gè)概念：干脆引述別人的原話，叫作干脆引語(yǔ)；用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫作間接引語(yǔ)。,兩種形式：干脆引語(yǔ)前后要加引號(hào)，間接引語(yǔ)不用加引號(hào)。,三種句型：陳述句、疑問(wèn)句和祈使句。,四種改變：人稱、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)序和狀語(yǔ)。))1．連接詞的選擇干脆引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，不同種類的句子有著不同的改變方式。陳述句、一般疑問(wèn)句和特別疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)都轉(zhuǎn)化成了賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句必需用陳述語(yǔ)序。干脆引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)陳述句用連詞that引導(dǎo)，that可以省略一般疑問(wèn)句用連詞if或whether引導(dǎo)，said改為asked，其后還可以加sb.，句子用陳述句語(yǔ)序特別疑問(wèn)句用原來(lái)的特別疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)，句子用陳述句語(yǔ)序Theboysaid,“Ilikeplayingbasketballverymuch.”→Theboysaidthathelikedplayingbasketballverymuch.Theteacheraskedtheboy,“Doyoulikeplayingbasketball？”→Theteacheraskedtheboywhetherhelikedplayingbasketball.2．人稱改變干脆引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，人稱的改變遵循這樣的規(guī)則：一隨主，二隨賓，第三人稱不更新。(1)“一隨主”。若干脆引語(yǔ)中有第一人稱，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)與主句中主語(yǔ)的人稱相一樣。Shesaid,“Mybrotherwantstogowithme.”→Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithher.(2)“二隨賓”。若干脆引語(yǔ)中有其次人稱，變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)與主句中賓語(yǔ)的人稱相一樣。Shesaidtome,“Youhadbettergetthereearly.”→ShetoldmethatIhadbettergetthereearly.(3)“第三人稱不更新”。干脆引語(yǔ)中的第三人稱變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)不須要改變。MrSmithsaid,“Jackisagoodworker.”→MrSmithsaidJackwasagoodworker.4．時(shí)態(tài)改變干脆引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)Helensaid,“I'vefinishedwritingthereport.”→Helensaidthatshehadfinishedwritingthereport.Theboysaid,“Myfathercametopickmeup.”→Theboysaidthathisfatherhadcometopickhimup.Hesaid,“Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforesupper.”→Hesaidthathehadfinishedhishomeworkbeforesupper.5．指示代詞、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)及動(dòng)詞的改變干脆引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)指示代詞thisthatthesethose時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nowthentodaythatdayyesterdaythedaybeforethiseveningthateveningtomorrowthenextdaylastweektheweekbeforeagobefore地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)herethere方向性動(dòng)詞bringtakecomego“Wheredidyouhaveapicnicyesterday？”askedhisfriend.→Hisfriendaskedwherehehadapicnicthedaybefore.Hesaid,“Iamgoingtoseeafilmtonight.”→Hesaidthathewasgoingtoseeafilmthatnight.Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Itrulybelievethatbeautycomesfromwithin.2．Shesaid,“Ourbuswill_arrive(arrive)intenminutes.”3．MymotheraskedmewhetherIhad_finished(finish)cleaningmybedroom.4．“Ivisited(visit)myteacheryesterday，”hesaid.5．SheaskedmewhetherIlikedteaorcoffee.6．Mybrothersaid,“Iam_watching(watch)TVnow.”7．“Iam_leaving(leave)forLondonnextweek，”mysistersaidtome.8．“Whatdoyouwanttobe？”askedMrsCrawford.“Oh,Iwill_be(be)president，”saidtheboy,withasmile.Ⅱ.將下列干脆引語(yǔ)改為間接引語(yǔ)1．Henrysaid,“Idon'twanttostayhere.”→Henrysaidthat_he_didn't_want_to_stay_there.2．Myteacheraskedme,“DoyoulikeAmericancountrymusic？”→Myteacheraskedmeif/whether_I_liked_American_country_music.3．Sheaskedme,“What'sthematterwithyou？”→Sheaskedmewhat_was_the_matter_with_me.4．Myfathersaid,“Iworkedheretwentyyearsago.”→Myfathersaidthat_he_had_worked_there_twenty_years_before.5．Thegeographyteachersaidtous,“Theearthturnsaroundthesun.”→Thegeographyteachertoldusthat_the_earth_turns_around_the_sun.Ⅲ.將下列間接引語(yǔ)改為干脆引語(yǔ)1．Janetoldmeshewasgoingtoinviteallherfriendstohaveaget-together.→“I'm_going_to_invite_all_my_friends_to_have_a_get-together，”Janetoldme.2．Sheaskedmeifmyfatherwasanengineer.→Sheaskedme,“Is_your_father_an_engineer？”3．Iaskedherwhereshewasgoingandwhatshewasgoingtodothenextday.→Iaskedher,“Where_are_you_going_and_what_are_you_going_to_do_tomorrow？”4．Thestrangeraskedmewhatmynamewas.→Thestrangerasked,“What's_your_name？”5．Shesaidthatshewouldfinishherworkthenextday.→“I'll_finish_my_work_tomorrow，”shesaid.Ⅳ.請(qǐng)指出間接引語(yǔ)中的錯(cuò)誤并改正1．Shesaid,“ThisisthehouseinwhichLuXunoncelived.”→ShesaidthatthiswasthehouseinwhichLuXunhadoncelived.this→that2．“Iboughttheseflowersforyou，”Janesaid.→Janesaidthatshehadboughttheseflowersforme.these→those3．Hesaid,“Ispoketothemyesterday.”→Hesaidthathehadspokento