2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit4SpaceExplorationSectionⅣ單元要點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案含解析新人教版必修第三冊(cè)

PAGESpaceExplorationSectionⅣ單元要點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．determinedadj.有決心的；意志堅(jiān)決的bedeterminedtodosth.決心做某事(表狀態(tài))determinev．確定；確定；(使)下定決心determinetodosth.決心做某事(表動(dòng)作)determineon/upon(doing)sth.確定(做)某事determinationn．堅(jiān)決；決心2．disappointedadj.悲觀的；懊喪的bedisappointedat/bysth.對(duì)某事悲觀bedisappointedin/withsb.對(duì)某人悲觀bedisappointedtodosth.因……感到悲觀disappointingadj.令人悲觀的，掃興的(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語的行為或某事令人悲觀)disappointv.使悲觀；使破滅，使落空disappointmentn.[U]悲觀，[C]令人悲觀的人/事tosb.'sdisappointment令某人悲觀的是3．desiren．渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望desiresth.渴望得到某物desiretodosth.希望做某事desiresb.todosth.希望某人做某事desirethat期望……h(huán)aveadesirefor渴望；希望得到havenodesireforsth.對(duì)……沒有欲望haveastrongdesiretodosth.迫切想做某事satisfyone'sdesires滿意某人的欲望/愿望desirableadj.值得擁有的，可取的，有利的4．independentadj.獨(dú)立的；自主的beindependentfrom/ofsth.從……獨(dú)立beindependentofsb.不依靠某人independencen．獨(dú)立；自主independencefromsb./sth.從……獨(dú)立independentlyadv.獨(dú)立地；自主地dependentadj.依靠的；依靠的dependencen．信任，依靠dependv．依靠，依靠5．signalvt.&vi.標(biāo)記著；標(biāo)明；發(fā)信號(hào)nsignaltosb.向某人發(fā)信號(hào)/示意signal(to)sb.todosth.示意某人做某事signalwith...用……發(fā)信號(hào)6．lackn．缺乏；短缺vt.沒有；缺乏lacksth.缺乏/少某物(a)lackof...缺乏/少……forlackof...因缺乏……lackingadj. 缺少的，不足的belackingin缺少(品質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)等)；在……方面缺乏7．floatvi.浮動(dòng)；漂流；漂移vt.使浮動(dòng)；使漂流floataround/about(思想等)傳播；流傳8．otherwiseadv.否則；要不然9．currentadj.當(dāng)前的；現(xiàn)在的n.水流；電流；思潮thecurrentyear今年astrongcurrent急流air/electricalcurrent氣流/電流currentfashions/events/prices時(shí)裝/時(shí)事/現(xiàn)價(jià)10．a(chǎn)rguevt.&viarguewithsb.about/oversth.與某人爭(zhēng)論某事arguefor/againststh.贊成/反對(duì)某事argueo/outofdoingsth.勸服某人做/不做某事arguethat...主見；認(rèn)為argumentn．爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)論；辯論Itisbeyondargumentthat...無可爭(zhēng)論的是……11．patternn．模式；圖案；模范12．monitorn.監(jiān)視器；監(jiān)視儀vt.監(jiān)視；監(jiān)測(cè)；監(jiān)控monitorn．班長(zhǎng)13．regularadj.定期的；常常的；正常的regularlyadv.定期地irregularadj.不規(guī)則的；不定期的14．limitedadj.有限的limitvt.限制；限定n．限制；范圍，界限(常作復(fù)數(shù))limit...to...把……限定在……范圍內(nèi)setalimittosth.對(duì)……限定范圍withinthelimitsof在……范圍內(nèi)beyondthelimit超過限度；超越極限limitlessadj.無限制的；無止境的limitationn．限制；限制；局限15．a(chǎn)ttachvt.系；綁；貼attachsth.tosth.將某物系/貼到某物上attachoneselftosb./sth.依附于某人；參與某事attachimportance/significance/valueto認(rèn)為……有重要性/有意義/有價(jià)值attachedadj.附屬的；依戀的beattachedto依戀；仰慕；留戀；附屬于Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語1．goup上升；增長(zhǎng)；升起；被興建；被建立；被焚毀eq\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(goupby上升了goupto上升到))goabout著手做；忙于goby時(shí)間消逝；經(jīng)過goafter追逐，追求goahead進(jìn)行，進(jìn)展；做吧，干吧goalong進(jìn)展；接著goagainst反對(duì)；違反；不利于goout出去；熄滅goinfor參與；從事；喜愛goover檢查；復(fù)習(xí)gobackto追溯到；回到gothrough細(xì)致檢查；經(jīng)驗(yàn)苦難；通過gowithout牽強(qiáng)湊合，沒有……也行2．lookup抬頭看；(在詞典、計(jì)算機(jī)等中)查閱lookafter照料；照看lookahead展望將來lookaround環(huán)顧；四下看lookat看；檢查lookbackon回憶lookdownupon/on瞧不起lookinto調(diào)查；審查3．focuson集中(留意力、精力等)于payattentionto留意devoteoneselfto致力于focusn．[C，U]焦點(diǎn)；中心點(diǎn)vt.集中；聚焦bein/offfocus焦點(diǎn)對(duì)準(zhǔn)/沒有對(duì)準(zhǔn)gooutoffocus不清晰；沒在焦點(diǎn)上comeintofocus清晰；在焦點(diǎn)上bringsth.intofocus調(diào)好焦距；使事物變清晰4．believein信任；信任5．carryon接著做，堅(jiān)持干carryonwith＋sth./doingsth.接著做某事(相當(dāng)于goonwith)carryoff贏得，獲得(獎(jiǎng)品、榮譽(yù)等)carryforward勝利地進(jìn)行carryover接著存在；延遲carryback運(yùn)回；使回想起carryout實(shí)行，執(zhí)行，進(jìn)行，履行(諾言、義務(wù)等)carrysth.through勝利地完成某事6．inthehopeofdoingsth.抱著……的希望inthehopethat懷著……的希望；希望能……withthehopeof帶著……的希望7．soasto(dosth.)為了；以便8．figureout弄懂；弄清晰；弄明白；合計(jì)；計(jì)算出testout試驗(yàn)；測(cè)試；檢查turnout證明是；生產(chǎn)；出來putout熄滅；出版letout泄露；放出，發(fā)出setout著手，起先findout找出tryout試驗(yàn)9．lookforwardto期望；期盼；盼望payattentionto留意devote...to...致力于……prefer...to...比起……更喜愛……10．makeadifference有影響；有重要作用makeno/littledifferenceto...對(duì)……沒有影響/影響很小makemuchdifferenceto...對(duì)……影響很大differencein/between...在某方面的不同/在兩者之間存在的不同tellthedifference(between...)分清(……之間的)不同11．resultin導(dǎo)致；造成resultfrom由……產(chǎn)生；因……引起asaresult所以；結(jié)果(是)asaresultof因?yàn)椋挥捎?4．runout用完；耗盡runoutof用完(及物動(dòng)詞短語)useup用完；耗盡(及物動(dòng)詞短語)giveout用完；耗盡；力倦神疲(不及物動(dòng)詞短語)runacross偶然遇到runafter追逐；追蹤runinto撞上；偶然碰見Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)句型1．Beforethemid-20thcentury，mostpeoplefelttravellingintospacewasanimpossibledream.在20世紀(jì)中期之前，大多數(shù)人都覺得去太空旅游是一個(gè)不行能實(shí)現(xiàn)的幻想。這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。主句的主語是mostpeople，felt是謂語，后面是省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語從句。在賓語從句中，travellingintospace是動(dòng)名詞作主語，was是系動(dòng)詞，animpossibledream是表語。2．Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadanddisappointed，butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.這些災(zāi)難讓每個(gè)人都感到哀痛和悲觀，但探究宇宙的渴望從未消逝。這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔句。but連接兩個(gè)并列的分句，在前一個(gè)分句中，Thesedisasters是主語，made是謂語，everyone是賓語，sadanddisappointed是形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語；后面的分句中，主語是thedesire，toexploretheuniverse是不定式短語作后置定語，died是謂語。3．Despitethedifficulties，scientistshopefuturediscoverieswillnotonlyenableustounderstandhowtheuniversebegan，butalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.盡管困難重重，科學(xué)家希望將來的發(fā)覺不僅能讓我們了解宇宙的起源，而且還能幫助我們很好地活到將來。這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句的主語是scientists，hope是謂語，后面是省略了連接詞that的賓語從句。在賓語從句中運(yùn)用了notonly...butalso...。4．Yeah，Ican'twaittoseeCaptainBrown!是的，我等不及要見布朗船長(zhǎng)了！這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔句。主語是I，can'twait是謂語，toseeCaptainBrown是賓語。5．Countriesaroundtheglobearespendingbillionsofdollarsandlotsoftimeonvariousspacemissions，whethertoMarsorotherplanetsmuchfurtheraway.世界各國正花費(fèi)數(shù)十億美元和大量時(shí)間在火星或其他更遙遠(yuǎn)的星球的各種太空任務(wù)上。這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句的主語是Countriesaroundtheglobe，謂語是arespending，billionsofdollarsandlotsoftime是賓語。whethertoMarsorotherplanetsmuchfurtheraway是whether引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，該從句用了省略結(jié)構(gòu)。6．Therefore，itshouldcontinuesoastoprovidenewandbettersolutionstopeople'sshort-termandlong-termproblems.因此，為了給人們的短期和長(zhǎng)期問題供應(yīng)新的更好的解決方案，探究太空的事業(yè)應(yīng)當(dāng)接著下去。這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔句。主語是it，shouldcontinue是謂語，后面是目的狀語。寫作技巧點(diǎn)撥——寫作要求——假設(shè)你校在舉辦征文活動(dòng)，題目為“HowtoOvercomeTestAnxiety”，請(qǐng)你用英語寫一篇短文，談?wù)勀阕约旱脑敿?xì)做法，以供同學(xué)們借鑒。留意：1．詞數(shù)在80左右；2．做法不少于四點(diǎn)；3．參考詞匯：well-prepared,takeadeepbreath,positive/negativemoods,concentrateon,repeat4．開頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Whoevertakesexamswillfeelmoreorlesstenseandanxious________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________——思路分析——一、確定主題，明確要求1．主題定位：依據(jù)所要寫的短文題目和留意內(nèi)容可確定文章所涉及的內(nèi)容——提出問題→點(diǎn)明問題的嚴(yán)峻性→給出解決之道。2．題目要求：針對(duì)如何克服考試焦慮這一問題談?wù)勛约旱淖龇ǎ易龇ú簧儆谒狞c(diǎn)。二、構(gòu)建框架，明確要點(diǎn)結(jié)合自身對(duì)考試驚慌狀況的感悟，構(gòu)建文章的主體框架如下：1．明確提出問題：參與考試時(shí)會(huì)感到驚慌、焦慮。2．點(diǎn)明問題的嚴(yán)峻性：如何克服考試驚慌、焦慮這一問題很重要，亟待解決。3．給出解決之道(至少四點(diǎn))：①為考試做好充分打算，增加自信念；②坐下之后，放松自己的身體；③使消極心情轉(zhuǎn)化為主動(dòng)心情；④集中精力考試，不要留意四周其他人；⑤其他。三、添油加醋，擴(kuò)句成篇要點(diǎn)明確之后接下來要做的工作就是把重點(diǎn)信息以不同的句式表達(dá)出來：點(diǎn)明問題的嚴(yán)峻性：Howtoovercometestanxietyisveryimportantandaproblemindesperatewantofbeingsolved./Howtoovercometestanxietyisofgreatimportanceandaproblemneedingtobesettledurgently.做法一：First(ly),makesurethatyou'rewell-preparedfortheexam,whichwillmakeyoufeelconfidentthatyoucandoit./...fortheexamandthiswillgiveyouafeelingofconfidencethatyoucandoit.做法二：Second(ly),onceyoutakeyourseat/sitdown,takeafewminutestorelax...做法三：Third(ly),remove/getridof/pushawaynegativemoodsandturn/changethemintopositiveones.做法四：Fourth(ly),concentratingontheexammayalsobenefityoualot/concentratingontheexammayalsobegreatlybeneficialtoyou...——佳作展示——Whoevertakesexamswillfeelmoreorlesstenseandanxious.Sohowtoovercometestanxietyisveryimportantandaproblemindesperatewantofbeingsolved.Personally,thefollowingmaybeofhelptoyou.First,makesurethatyou'rewell-preparedfortheexam,whichwillmakeyoufeelconfidentthatyoucandoit.Second,onceyoutakeyourseat,takeafewminutestorelax,suchaslettingyourarmshangloosely,movingyourfingersaswellastakingafewdeepbreaths.Third,pushawaynegativemoodsandturnthemintopositiveones.Fourth,concentratingontheexammayalsobenefityoualotanddon'tpayattentiontothepeoplearoundyou.Besides,ifyouaresittingforanoralexam,smile