2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語課時(shí)分層作業(yè)十二Unit4Meetingthemuse表達(dá)作文巧升格含解析外研版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

PAGE1-課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(十二)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AMentionthetermsItalianCultureandRenaissanceArtandoneisimmediatelyremindedofthemysterioussmileofLeonardodaVinci'sMonaLisa.TherenaissanceperiodhadadeepeffectonEuropeanculturedevelopment.HavingitsbeginningsinItaly，bythe16thcentury，ithadspreadtotherestofEurope.Itsinfluencewasfeltindifferentfieldssuchasphilosophy，literature，religion，science，politics，and，ofcourse，art.Thescholarsoftherenaissanceperiodappliedthehumanistmethodineveryfieldofstudy，andwantedhumanemotionandrealisminart.RenaissancescholarsstudiedtheancientLatinandGreektexts，searchingthemonastic(修道院的)librariesofEuropeforworksofancienttimesthathadbecomeobscure，intheirhuntforimprovingandperfectingtheirworldlyknowledge.ThiswascompletelydifferentfromthereligionthatChristianity(基督教)stressed.However，thatdoesnotmeanthattheyrefusedChristianity.Infact，muchofthegreatestworksoftherenaissanceperiodwasdevotedtoit，withthechurchsupportingalotoftheworksofrenaissanceart.However，therewereslightchangesinthemannerinwhichthescholarsbegantotreatreligion，whichaffectedtheculturallifeofthesociety，whichinturninfluencedtheartistsofthatperiodandthereforewasreflectedintheirart.InRaphael'sSchoolofAthens，forexample，somewell-knownpeopleweredescribedasclassicalscholars，withLeonardodaVincibeinggivenasmuchimportanceasPlatoinhistime.GiottodiBondone,1267—1337，aFlorentine，whoisregardedasthegreatestItalianpainterjustearlierthantherenaissanceperiod，isthoughttobethefirstartistwhotreatedapaintingasawindowintospace.However，itwasonlyafterthewritingsofFilippoBrunelleschi,1377—1446，whoisconsideredthefirstgreatbuilderoftheItalianRenaissance，thatperspectivewasformallyacceptedasanartistictechnique.【語篇解讀】文章介紹了文藝復(fù)興的發(fā)源地意大利在當(dāng)時(shí)的背景下的文化特色和相關(guān)藝術(shù)家在這個(gè)時(shí)期的作用。1．WhatmakesItalystandoutinawayinworldhistory?A．ItsartistsduringtheRenaissancewerenumerous.B．ItwasthecenteroftheEuropeancountries.C．IthadLeonardodaVinci'sMonaLisa.D．ItwasthehometotheRenaissance.D[推理推斷題。其次段其次句話中的“beginningsinItaly，bythe16thcentury，ithadspreadtotherestofEurope”說明意大利正是文藝復(fù)興的發(fā)源地，從而影響整個(gè)歐洲。]2．Theunderlinedword“obscure”inParagraph3mostprobablymeans“”．A．meaninglessandhardtorecognizeB．clearandmeaningfultoguidepeopleC．unclearanddifficulttounderstandorseeD．easytounderstandbuthavinglittlemeaningC[詞義揣測題。該題依據(jù)語境結(jié)合選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行揣測。句中的themonastic說明這些資料的來源，和宗教有關(guān)的應(yīng)當(dāng)是較難理解的，worksofancienttimes也說明白這一點(diǎn)。]3．WhenwasperspectiveofficiallyreceivedduringtheRenaissance?A．AfterthecompletionofLeonardodaVinci'sMonaLisa.B．AfterLeonardodaVinci'sbeingcomparedtoPlato.C．AfterGiottodiBondone'spaintingswererespected.D．AfterFilippoBrunelleschi'scompletinghiswritings.D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。最終一段的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)里的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分就是本題的解題線索。]4．Thepassageaimstotellus.A．Italy'srenaissanceartandartistsB．thefamousartistsinItaly'shistoryC．Italy'sinfluenceontheworldincultureD．thehardshipsduringtherenaissanceinItalyA[主旨大意題。文章是圍圍著意大利在文藝復(fù)興中的文化發(fā)展和相關(guān)的藝術(shù)家綻開的。]BWhatwaslifelikeinWhitbywhenthetownwasnotatouristattractionbutaworkingfishingport?Firstandforemost，itwascommunitylife.Youwerepartofgroupthatknewandcaredaboutyou，asyoudidaboutyourneighbors.Peopletendedtoliveinonehouseforthewholeoftheirlife，oftencontinuingwithamarriedsonordaughtertakingonthehouseholdresponsibilitiesandcaringfortheirageingparents.Therewasafriendlinessandasharingofone'sjoysandtroubleswithotherpeople.Lonelinesswashardlypossible.Awidowedmanmightfindhiswashingquietlydoneforhim，ormaybesomekindofbakingleftonhisdoorstep.Anewlyconfined(分娩)motherwouldhavefewworriesaboutthecareofherotherchildrenastheywouldbeleftwithaneighbor.Andinduecourseshewouldrepaythekindnesswithasimilarservice.Perhapsthehardestpartwasthewatersupply.Intheolddaystherewasapumpinanearyard.Muchlater，pipedwaterwasledtoasharedtapineachyardwhereonefilledthedailybuckets.Itwasoftentheirchildren'sjobtogetthewaterinbeforegoingtoschool.InWhitby，middle-classpeoplelivedalongsidethosewhowereverypoorindeed.Butdespitetheextremepoverty，Whitbypeoplewereverygoodatmakingthebestofthingsanddidnotairtheirpovertypublicly.Dignitywasimportantandmostpeopletriedtokeepsome“Sundaybest”clothes.Romanticastheartistsmayhavefoundit，Whitbyundoubtedlyhaditsproblems.Accesstotheupperfloorswasoftenbywayofwoodenstepsandgalleriesoutside.Roofsleaked，floorsrotted，plaster(石膏)felloff.Peoplewouldjokeabouthowwelltheirhouseswereventilated(通風(fēng)的)．Perhapsthestateoftheupkeep(修理)ofthehousesleftmuchtobedesired，butthatwasthelandlord'sresponsibility，notthepeoplewhoactuallylivedinthem.Butfortheirparttheydidtheirbest，cleaningtheflooreveryweek.Notonlythat，theyalsocleanedtheyardstepsfromtoptobottom.【語篇解讀】主要描述了過去居住在Whitby社區(qū)里的人們相互關(guān)切，照看他人。即使貧困，也很注意公眾形象。即使居住環(huán)境差，但是每周都盡最大努力打掃地板，樂觀向上。5．WhatdidlifeinWhitby'scommunityusetobelike?A．Peoplemovedouttoliveelsewherewhentheygotmarried.B．Peoplelivedinharmonywiththeirneighbors.C．Awindowedmanwouldfindithardtomanagehislife.D．Childrenwereusuallybroughtupbytheirgrandparents.B[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。其次段中“Therewasafriendlinessandasharingofone'sjoysandtroubleswithotherpeople.”可知Whitby社區(qū)過去人們與鄰居共享自己的歡樂和苦惱，過著特別和諧的生活。故選B。]6．WhatcanweconcludefromthetextaboutpeoplefromWhitby?A．Theyfeltquitecomfortableabouttheirpoverty.B．Themiddleclassandthepoorwereofteninconflict.C．Theyshowedrespectforeachotherthoughtheywerepoor.D．Theycaredabouttheirpublicimageeveniftheywerepoor.D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。第四段其次句“Butdespitetheextremepoverty，Whitbypeoplewereverygoodatmakingthebestofthingsanddidnotairtheirpovertypublicly.”盡管極度貧困，Whitby社區(qū)的人卻特別擅長充分利用一切，從不公開宣揚(yáng)他們的貧困?？芍词顾麄冐毨?，但是他們也很關(guān)切他們的公眾形象。故選D。]7．WhatwasthemainproblemthatmostofWhitbypeoplehad?A．Theylivedinverypoorconditions.B．Theyfoundithardtogetwaterfromapump.C．Theydidn'tknowhowtokeeptheirhousesventilated.D．Theywerenotactiveenoughtoincreasetheirincome.A[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。第五段倒數(shù)其次句“Roofsleaked，floorsrotted，plaster(石膏)felloff.”可知社區(qū)里的人們屋頂漏水，地板腐爛，灰泥脫落，可見他們的居住條件很差。故選A。]8．WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeWhitbypeopleintheolddays?A．Romanticandartistic.B．Caringandoptimistic.C．Friendlyandopen-minded.D．Cautiousandintelligent.B[推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段和第五段“Roofsleaked，floorsrotted，plaster(石膏)felloff.Peoplewouldjokeabouthowwelltheirhouseswereventilated(通風(fēng)的)．(盡管房屋屋頂漏水，地板腐爛，灰泥脫落，人們還能樂觀地開玩笑說自己的房子通風(fēng)特別好)，”可知人們特別樂觀。綜上可知，有憐憫心和樂觀可以來形容Whitby的人們。故選B。]Ⅱ.概要寫作閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。Whatiseco-fashion?Eco-fashionisaboutmakingclothesthatconsiderstheenvironment，thehealthofconsumersandtheworkingconditionsofpeopleinthefashionindustry.Acloserlookatthefashionindustrypointsoutmanyproblemsthatarecommonpracticesinthecreationofourfashionsfromthefieldtothefactory.Firstly，theproductionoftextilespollutestheenvironmentheavily.Cotton-plantingusespesticides；sheep-farmingandwool-cleaningbringaboutglobalwarming.Secondly，everystageofclothingproductionconsumesagreatdealofenergyandsomealsoinvolvechemicalswhichobviouslydoharmtothesurroundings.Inaddition，thereisalotofwasteproducedintheprocess，especiallyintheformofpollutedwater.Thirdly，growingpurchasingpowerandourshoppinghabitsfurtherworsenthebadeffects.Wearenowbuyingclothesinincreasingquantitiesandwearealsoquicktothrowawayclothesthathavebeenwornonlyacoupleoftimes.Then，howtosolvetheproblem?Toalargedegree，itisthefashionproducersthatreallyhavethepowerandtheresponsibilitytoshapeourfuture.Thereareagreatmanywaystheseproducerscanreducetheirecologicalfootprint，fromswitchingtogreenenergyandreducingenergyuse，throughselectingsustainablematerialsandchoosinglocalsuppliers，torecyclingandminimizingwaste.Ontheotherhand，asconsumerswecanallplayourpartbyselectingenvironmentallyfriendlyclothingandreducingclothingbuying.Thereissomeconcernthateco-friendlyfashionsarejustatrendthatwewilleventuallygrowtiredofbutwecanmakesurethatdoesn'thappen.Nowmanypeoplearebeginningtoshopfororganicfoodproductsbecausethebenefitsofeatingfoodfreeofchemicalsareimmediate.Theyrelatedirectlytoourpersonalhealth.Infact，choosingeco-fashioncanalsodogoodtoourpersonalhealth，thoughitismostlydonebywayofkeepingthehealthoftheplanet.