2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語課時作業(yè)22UNIT4NATURALDISASTERSReadingandThinking含解析新人教版必修第一冊

UNIT4NaturaldisastersⅠ.完形填空IwaselevenyearsoldstandingoutsideinjustmyunderwearwhileIwatchedthehousethatIgrewupinrapidly__1__totheground.AfewminutesearlierIhadbeen__2__asleepinmynice,warmbedwhena__3__wokemeup.MyNana'sbedroomwasjustnexttomineandmybrother's.Afirehad__4__thereandawakenedher.__5__hearingher,myolderbrotherbegantotakeaction.Thehouse,however,wasover50yearsoldandmadeof__6__.Beforewecoulddoanythingthefire__7__it.Istoodtherequakingwithfear__8__thefiredestroyedmybooks,clothes,andtoys.Iwatched__9__whilemyMomcriedandmyDadswore.Iwonderedwhatwasgoingtohappentous__10__wehadlostallofourthings.AsIlookedaround,though,I__11__somethingforthefirsttime:Whatmattersaren't__12__.Isawmyolderbrotherrunningacrosstheswinging(搖擺的)__13__byourhousetogethelp.Isawmyoldestbrotherwhowason__14__fromanearlieraccidentstanding__15__ononeleg.IsawmyNanaandDadgatheringtogetherandmyMom__16__ourlittledoginherarms.Everythingthatwas__17__hadsurvivedthefire.Ourliveswouldcontinue.Andthatwasallthatmattered.Istillthinkofthatfireinthenightthathelpedmetolearnthe__18__weshareisfarmoreimportantthan__19__things.Liveyourlifethenforthethingsthatmatter,notforthethingsyouown.Loveothers.Helpeveryone.Letthe__20__insideofyoumakethisworldawarmerplace.Letyoursoulshinebrightly.本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講解并描述了一場大火把作者家夷為平地，讓他們失去了全部，但家人們都幸存下來，由此作者也明白了一個道理：災(zāi)難中，一家人共享的愛遠(yuǎn)比物質(zhì)上的東西重要，最終作者呼吁讓我們專心中的那團(tuán)熱火讓世界變得更加暖和。1．A.pullB．fallC．burnD．throw答案：C解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。A.pull拉；B.fall跌落；C.burn燒；D.throw扔。依據(jù)下文“Afirehad”可知，家里發(fā)生火災(zāi)，房子被夷為平地，burntotheground夷為平地，故C項正確。2．A.soundB．wideC．light D．heavy答案：A解析：考查固定搭配。我睡得正香，突然奶奶的尖叫聲把我驚醒，soundasleep睡得很香，故A項正確。3．A.dream B．neighborC．scream D．thunder答案：C解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。A.dream夢；B.neighbor鄰居；C.scream尖叫；D.thunder雷。依據(jù)下文情節(jié)可知，是奶奶的尖叫聲把我驚醒，故C項正確。4．A.brokein B．brokeoutC．brokeup D．brokedown答案：B解析：考查動詞短語辨析。A.brokein闖入；B.brokeout(火災(zāi)，斗爭)等爆發(fā)；C.brokeup打碎；D.brokedown機器出故障。依據(jù)前文“Afirehad”可知，發(fā)生了火災(zāi)，故B項正確。5．A.WithoutB．AsC．Since D．Upon答案：D解析：考查介詞詞義辨析。依據(jù)下文“hearingher,myolderbrotherbegantotakeaction”可知，一(upon)聽到叫聲，哥哥就行動起來，故D項正確。6．A.mudB．steelC．wood D．curtain答案：C解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。A.mud泥；B.steel鋼鐵；C.wood木頭；D.curtain窗簾。依據(jù)前文“Thehouse,however,wasover50yearsoldandmadeof”可知，房子很舊，是用木頭做成的，故C項正確。7．A.consumed B．claimedC．spread D．injured答案：A解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。A.consumed燒毀、消耗；B.claimed聲稱；C.spread傳播；D.injured受傷。依據(jù)上文“Beforewecoulddoanythingthefire”可知，還沒來得及反應(yīng)，火已經(jīng)把它燒毀，故A項正確。8．A.though B．unlessC．until D．while答案：D解析：考查連詞詞義辨析。A.though盡管；B.unless除非；C.until直到；D.while當(dāng)……時。依據(jù)下文“thefiredestroyedmybooks,clothes,andtoys”可知，當(dāng)火燒毀房子，里面的書、衣服、玩具等的時候，我由于膽怯 而顫抖，故D項正確。9．A.hopefully B．excitedlyC．helplessly D．a(chǎn)ppropriately答案：C解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。A.hopefully有希望地；B.excitedly興奮地；C.helplessly無助地；D.appropriately恰當(dāng)?shù)亍Ｒ罁?jù)下文“whilemyMomcriedandmyDadswore”可知，當(dāng)媽媽在哭泣，爸爸在咒罵的時候，我無助地看著他們，故C項正確。10．A.asthough B．a(chǎn)slongasC．evenif D．nowthat答案：D解析：考查連詞短語辨析。A.asthough似乎；B.aslongas只要；C.evenif即使；D.nowthat既然。既然我們失去了全部物品，我想知道接下來我們會發(fā)生什么，故D項正確。11．A.dismissed B．recognizedC．desired D．a(chǎn)pproached答案：B解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。A.dismissed解散；B.recognized認(rèn)出、認(rèn)清；C.desired希望；D.approached接近。然而，當(dāng)環(huán)顧四周的時候，我第一次認(rèn)清了一些東西，故B項正確。12．A.families B．surroundingsC．things D．people答案：C解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。A.families家庭；B.surroundings環(huán)境；C.things東西；D.people人。依據(jù)下文“Ourliveswouldcontinue.Andthatwasallthatmattered.”可知，此處用things與下文ourlives進(jìn)行比較，那些身外之物并不重要，重要的是我們都幸存下來，故C項正確。13．A.bridge B．poleC．fence D．rope答案：A解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。A.bridge橋；B.pole桿；C.fence柵欄；D.rope繩索。依據(jù)語境可知，我看到哥哥跑過我家旁邊那座搖搖擺晃的橋去求助，故A項正確。14．A.guard B．walking-sticksC．feet D．hand答案：B解析：考查介詞短語辨析。A.onguard值班；B.onwalking-sticks拄著拐杖；C.onfeet站著；D.onhand在場。依據(jù)下文“anearlieraccident”可知，他以前出過意外，腿腳不敏捷，須要拄著拐杖，故B項正確。15．A.freely B．unsteadilyC．casually D．purposely答案：B解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。A.freely自由地；B.unsteadily不穩(wěn)地；C.casually隨意地；D.purposely有意地。他以前出過意外，腿腳不敏捷，站得不穩(wěn)，故B項正確。16．A.holding B．quittingC．lifting D．beating答案：A解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。A.holding握、抱；B.quitting放棄；C.lifting舉起；D.beating打。媽媽抱著我們的小狗，hold...inone'sarm意為“抱著”，故A項正確。17．A.alive B．nativeC．expensive D．necessary答案：D解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。A．a(chǎn)live活著的；B.native與生俱來的；C.expensive昂貴的；D.necessary必要的。必要的一切(人和寵物)都從火海中逃過一劫，故D項正確。18．A.experience B．bitterC．wealth D．love答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。A.experience經(jīng)驗；B.bitter苦痛；C.wealth財寶；D.love愛。依據(jù)最終一段中的“l(fā)oveothers”可知，那場火災(zāi)讓我明白了我們共享的愛遠(yuǎn)比物質(zhì)上的東西重要，故D項正確。19．A.physical B．mentalC．social D．psychological答案：A解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.physical物質(zhì)上的；B.mental情感上的；C.social社交的；D.psychological心理上的。我們共享的愛遠(yuǎn)比物質(zhì)上的東西重要，故A項正確。20．A.heartB．fireC．spirits D．feelings答案：B解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。A.heart內(nèi)心；B.fire熱火；C.spirits精神；D.feelings感情。用你心中的那團(tuán)熱火讓世界變得更加暖和，故B項正確。Ⅱ.語法填空WhenIwasakid,Momusedtocookfoodforus.Onenightafter__1__(spend)alongharddayatwork,Momplacedaplateofbreadjamand__2__(extreme)burnttoast(烤面包)infrontofmydad.Iwaswaiting__3__(see)ifhenoticedit.However,whileeatinghistoast,Dadjustaskedme__4__mydaywasatschool.Idon'trememberwhatItoldhimthatnight,__5__IdorememberIheardMomapologizingtoDadforburningthetoast.I'llneverforgetwhatDadsaid,“Honey,Iloveburnttoast.”Laterthatnight,I__6__(go)tokissDaddygoodnightandaskedhimifhereallylikedhistoastburned.Hegaveme__7__bighugandsaid,“Yourmammaputinalongharddayatworktoday,really__8__(tire).Besides,aburnttoastneverhurtsbutcoldwordsdo！”WhatI'velearnedovertheyears__9__(be)thatlearningtoaccepteachother'sfaultsisoneofthemostimportant__10__(key)tocreatingahealthy,growingandlastingrelationship.文章講解并描述作者的媽媽將面包烤焦了，但是爸爸不但沒有怪她而且說烤焦的面包很好吃。作者從中學(xué)到學(xué)會理解，學(xué)會接受別人的錯誤是創(chuàng)建健康、長久關(guān)系的最重要的關(guān)鍵之一。1．spending解析：考查動名詞。因為after是介詞，其后的動詞應(yīng)用動名詞形式，所以此處應(yīng)用spend的動名詞形式，故填spending。2．extremely解析：考查副詞。句意：媽媽放了一碟面包醬和極度烤焦的面包放在爸爸面前。用副詞修飾形容詞，所以修飾形容詞burnt應(yīng)用extreme的副詞形式，故填extremely。3．to_see解析：考查動詞不定式。句意：我在等著看爸爸是否留意到它。此處用動詞不定式作目的狀語，故填tosee。4．how解析：考查賓語從句。句意：爸爸只是問我在學(xué)校的日子怎么樣。此處how意為“如何”，故填how。5．but解析：考查連詞。“我不記得那天晚上我告知他什么了”和“我的確記得……”之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，此處意為“但是”，故填but。6．went解析：考查時態(tài)。依據(jù)后面的andaskedhim...可知，此空也應(yīng)當(dāng)用一般過去時，故填went。7．a(chǎn)解析：考查不定冠詞。句意為“他給了我一個大大的擁抱”，因為表示“一”的概念時需用不定冠詞，故填a。8．tired解析：考查形容詞作狀語。句意：你媽媽今日工作了一成天，真的很乏累。這里用形容詞作結(jié)果狀語，故