2025年高二英語寒假銜接（外研版）寒假作業(yè)01 非限制性定語從句與限制性定語從句（原卷版）

第=page22頁，共=sectionpages77頁限時練習：40min完成時間：月日天氣：作業(yè)01限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句用法積累運用一、限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句形式與主句之間不用逗號隔開與主句之間一般用逗號隔開位置放在所修飾的先行詞后as引導的非限制性定語從句可放在句首、句中或句尾先行詞名詞或名詞性短語名詞、名詞性短語或整個句子引導詞所有的關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞除that和why之外的關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞功能對先行詞進行限定或修飾，去掉定語從句，剩余部分的意義不完整對先行詞作附加說明解釋，去掉定語從句后，句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整翻譯常譯成前置定語常譯成并列分句例句：Theboy,whosefatherisanengineer,wasadmittedtoatopuniversity.(去掉非限制性定語從句，句意依然完整)那個男孩被一所重點大學錄取了，他的爸爸是一位工程師。Theboywhosefatherisanengineerwasadmittedtoatopuniversity.（去掉限制性定語從句，不清楚男孩的身份）他爸爸是工程師的那個男孩被一所重點大學錄取了。Shelostthenecklace,whichmadehersadthewholeday.她丟失了那條項鏈，這讓她沮喪了一整天。Thefriend,whomwecameacrosstheotherday,wasalsoinvitedtotheparty.那個朋友也被邀請參加了晚會，我們幾天前遇到過他。誤區(qū)：誤區(qū)1：只有which可以引導非限制性定語從句。糾正1：除了that和why不可以引導非限制性定語從句，其他關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞均可引導非限制性定語從句。例句：Mygrandfather’schildhoodwasbitter,whenhelivedahardlife.我祖父的童年是苦澀的，那時他過著艱難的生活。Thisisanoldhouse,wheremygrandfatherlivedinhischildhood.這是一座舊房子，我祖父曾經(jīng)小時候在那里居住。誤區(qū)2：介詞位于關(guān)系代詞前，只用于限制性定語從句。糾正2：介詞位于關(guān)系代詞前，既可以用于限制性定語從句，也可以用于非限制性定語從句。例句：Theprofessor,fromwhomIhavelearntalot,isverypopularintheschool.這位教授在學校很受歡迎，我從他那里學習了很多知識。Thegardeninwhichavarietyofflowersareplantedattractsagreatmanyvisitors.各樣鮮花被種植的花園吸引了很多游客。二.引導非限制性定語從句時，關(guān)系代詞as與關(guān)系代詞which的異同關(guān)系代詞as關(guān)系代詞which不同點位置位于句首，句中，句尾位于主句后翻譯“正如……”“這，那”相同點形式需要用逗號Asweknow,genuineknowledgecomesfromconstantpractice.正如我們所知，真知來自于不斷的實踐。Heissuchagenerouspersonaswealladmire.他正如我們所欽佩的那樣，是一位如此慷慨的人。Hewasalwayscareless,whichmadehisparentsanxious.他總是粗心，這讓他父母焦慮。一.填入合適的關(guān)系詞1.Hehaspublishedalotofbooks,______________bringshimasenseofachievement.2.Lasttermourmathsteachersetsodifficultanexaminationproblemnoneofusworkedout.3.ShehasabrothernameIcan’tremember.4.Ihavemanycollectionsofstamps,someofaremyfavorite.5.Theclassroom，doorisbroken，willsoonberepaired.6．Thelastoneleavestheclassroomshouldclosethewindows.7.Heputasidehisworktospendmoretimewithhisson,justreturnedfromabroad.8.Iwouldliketoexpressmythanksinawayhecouldneverimagine.9.Thenovelcoronavirushashadsuchadeepeffectonourlifeistotallybeyondexpectation.10.LoraistheveryteacherIlikemost,withhelpIhavemadeprogressinmystudy.11.TanDunoncesaid，Chinesemusicshouldcarry“universalexpression”ofthehumanspiritsoastoberecognisedbythewholeworld.12.Autumnistheseasonforharvest,__________farmersgetwhattheyhaveplantedinspring.13.Theyareplanningtosetupanewhospital,___________morepatientscanbetreated.14.Iboughtallthefoodintheshop,muchofwasgivenouttothepoor.15.isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.AIwassittingatmydeskwhenanothergraduatestudentinmylabapproachedme.“Canyouhelp?”hebegged.Hisexperimentwasn’tworkingandhedesperatelyneededhelp.IwasafifthyearPhDstudent,theseniormemberofthelabatthetime.AsIhadmanytimesbefore,Igaveinandsaidyes.Ihadahardtimesayingnotosuchrequests.IwasnewtotheUnitedStatesforgraduateschool.Ifounditdifficulttomakenewfriendsanddiscoverafter-workactivitiesIenjoyed.SoIspentahugechunkofmytimeinthelab,withmylabmatesservingasmyprimarysourceofsocialconnection.IfearedthatifIbrushedthemoff,I’dlosetheirfavor.AfterIgraduatedandstartedajobinindustry,Icontinuedtocarrythesameattitudewithme,anditcontinuedtocostme.Itwasn’tuntilmywifegavebirthtoourfirstchildthatIrealizedhowthinIhadstretchedmyselfandhowmisguidedmypriorities(重要的事)were.Whileshelayinahospitalbedintheearlystagesoflabor(分娩陣痛),Isatnearby,busyincorrectingaworkreportonmylaptopformycolleague.Hourslater,afterhearingmydaughter’sfirstcryandwatchinghertinyfingersgrabtightlyontomine,itdawnedonmethatIshouldhavebeenfullypresentduringmydaughter’sbirth.Fromthenon,Ideterminedtosparemoretimeformyfamilybyreducingmyworktasksandcarefullyconsideringeachrequestforhelp.Istillenjoyedcooperatingwithothers,butIdealtwithmutually(共同地)beneficialtasksfirst,ratherthanacceptingeverythingthatcamemyway.Inoticedmanybenefits,andfewdisadvantages.Mydailyworkschedulewasnotsocrowded.Inolongerworkedovertime,andIwasabletoimprovemyworkperformancebyfocusingmoreonimportanttasks.Iwasalsopleasedtodiscoverthat“Sorry,I’dlovetohelpbutIhaveadeadlinecomingup”isanacceptableresponsetoarequestforassistance.Mostcolleaguesseemtounderstand.It’shardtosay“no”tothoseyouworkwith.ButI’velearnedthatsometimesthat’sthebestwaytoavoidtoomuchworkloadandleadafreerandhappierlife.1．Whywasithardfortheauthortorefuseothers’requestsinschool?A．Hewaseagerforgoodrelationswithothers.B．Hewasinterestedinhelpingothers.C．Hewasfondofdoingexperiments.D．Hewasthemostexperiencedstudent.2．Whatdidtheauthorrealizeafterhisdaughter’sbirth?A．Hefeltveryhappyafterhisdaughter’sbirth.B．Hiswifehadsacrificedalotforthefamily.C．Heshouldhavebalancedworkandlifebetter.D．Heshouldworkharderduetotheincreasedresponsibilities.3．Whathappenedtotheauthorafterrefusingothers?A．Hegotalongbadlywithhiscolleagues.B．Hegotalotmorevitaltasks.C．Hereceivedassistancefromhiscolleagues.D．Hegotlessworkandmorejoy.4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Enjoyingfamilylife.B．Givingprioritytofamily.C．Givingandtaking.D．Learningtosay“no”.BArtificialintelligencehasbecomeincreasinglycommoninrecentyears,appearinginvariousappsandtools.ChatGPTisachatbotdevelopedbyOpenAIanddesignedtoconverse(對話)withpeople,generatetextandanswercomplicatedquestions.ThenameChatGPTstandsfor“GenerativePre-trainedTransformer”,whichindicatesitsabilitytousepre-trainingmodelstoexaminetheconnectionsbetweenallelementsofadatasequence(序列),thatis,usingamodelfromonemachinelearningassignmenttotrainanothermodel,muchsimilartohowpeopleusepreviouslylearnedinformationwhenlearningsomethingnew.ChatGPToffersasubstantialamountoftexttouseforpre-training.ChatGPTwaslaunchedinNovember2022,andthedevelopertrainedittorespondtofollow-upquestions,challengeincorrectnessandadmitmistakes.ChatGPTisalsoagenerativeAItoolthatcancreatevarioustypesofcontent,includingshortstories,doctoratetheses(論文),termpapers,menusandmore.ChatGPTmakesiteasierandfasterforbloggersorcontentcreatorstoproducehigh-qualitytext.Itcananswercomplicatedquestionsconversationally,usinginnovativetechnologytolearnwhathumansmeanwhenaskingquestions.Manypeopleareimpressedwithitshuman-likeresponses,makingitanefficienttoolforgeneratingwrittencontent.ChatGPTexcelsatlanguageandinformationtasks.Ithassomerestrictionsbuiltinthatpreventitfromprovidingtoxicreactionsthatareagainsttherightvalues.It’salsodesignedtoignoreimproperrequests.Whiletheprogramprovidedprettydecentresponsestointellectualquestions,itcannotprovidedefinitiveanswerstospiritualquestions.Itsanswersarenotalwaysaccurate,asitistrainedtogivehuman-feelingresponsesratherthannecessarilybeingcorrect.ThoughAItoolscanassistandenhanceourabilities,wemustavoidbecomingtoodependentonthem,asthisdependencecancostusourthinkingabilities,criticalskillsandintellectualcuriosity,whicharevitallyimportantforlifelonglearningandgrowth.Thus,despitemanyadvantagesofChatGPT,wemustuseitwiselytoavoidlosingcrucialskillsandcognitiveabilities.5．WhatisChatGPT?A．AnAItooldesignedfortextediting.B．Achatbotthatcanreplacehumanbrain.C．Aprogramgeneratinghuman-likeresponses.D．Apre-trainedmodelfocusedonlanguagelearning.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“toxic”meaninparagraph4?A．Beneficial. B．Complicated. C．Harmful. D．Precise.7．WhatistheproblemwithChatGPT?A．Itcannotrespondrapidlyenough.B．Theinbuiltrestrictionsmaymisguideusers.C．Itfailstoprovideconvincingacademicreplies.D．Overrelianceonitmayweakensomeessentialhumanabilities.8．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Anewsreport. B．Asci-techmagazine.C．Anacademicpaper. D．Aresearchdocument.二、完形填空Whenshefirstlookedforherweddingdress,GwendolynStuglishadabudgetor$1,000.Aftertryingonseveraldresses,shewas9achampagne-coloreddresswithlongsleevesbythesalesclerk.“Igot10inmyeyesbecauseitwasthedressIreallywanted,”sheadmitted.Theonly11:itwastripleherbudget.Aftersomeencouragementfromhermother-in-law,Stulgis12it.Sheexplained,“AlthoughIhadn’tenoughmoney,thatdresswas13madeforme.”Sheworethegownwith14whenshebecameaStulgis.Asmostbridesdo,shehungherweddingdressinherclosetwhenthe15wasover.Realizingthedresswouldbe16ifitcontinuedtositthere,shedecidedtogiveitaway.StulgisturnedtoFacebooktosearcha17bride.Inthepost,thereweretwo18:thebridemusthavetheirceremonywithinthreemonthsandthedressmustbe19others.Morethan70messages20intoStulgis’mailboximmediately.MargaretHydehadplannedonmakingherowndressbeforeshesawStulgis’Facebook21.Shetoldhersister-in-law,AlyciaAshley,thatshewantedtoenterbutwas22.So,AshleysecretlyemailedStulgis,23Hydeasthemostselflesspersonsheknew.StulgiswasmovedbyAshley’s24.OnJune4,Hydewastoldshewaschosen.“Itwasunbelievable,”shesaid25.Hydepromisedtofollowthetravelingdressrequests.Afterherpost,Stulgis26aFacebookgroupcalledSharedDreamDresses.SinceJune,200dresseshavebeengivenaway.Stulgis’communityofbridaldonationsstartedwithsucha27emotion.Sheshared,“Iwantpeopletofeelliketheyareworthsomething.Iwantthemto28theirdressdreamswithoutworryingaboutbuyingone.Adressingshouldn’tbekeptinthecloset.”9．A．shown B．donated C．a(chǎn)warded D．reminded10．A．lights B．tears C．fears D．troubles11．A．price B．drawback C．catch D．decision12．A．a(chǎn)ccepted B．offered C．purchased D．a(chǎn)bandoned13．A．seriously B．fortunately C．doubtfully D．completely14．A．expectation B．dignity C．a(chǎn)dmiration D．pride15．A．reception B．trade C．ceremony D．bargain16．A．stored B．wasted C．ignored D．treasured17．A．charming B．suitable C．selfless D．kind18．A．requests B．levels C．plans D．solutions19．A．passedonto B．helpedout C．devotedto D．handedoverto20．A．gathered B．happened C．flooded D．swelled21．A．a(chǎn)ccount B．a(chǎn)pplication C．comment D．post22．A．busy B．confident C．outgoing D．hesitant23．A．describing B．treating C．impressing D．directing24．A．response B．dream C．reaction D．message25．A．secretly B．excitedly C．desperately D．eagerly26．A．sheltered B．promoted C．started D．collected27．A．giving B．surprising C．refreshing D．moving28．A．design B．a(chǎn)chieve C．update D．copy拓展突破練1.(2023年全國.甲卷.閱讀理解A篇)It’stheonlyThairestaurant__________ranksamongthetop10oftheworld’s50bestrestaurantslist.2.（2023年全國.甲卷.閱讀理解A篇）HeadChefDavidThompson,____________receivedaMichelinstarforhisLondon-basedThairestauranto