2025年高二英語寒假銜接講練 (人教版)第04講 Unit4重點單詞+詞組+重點句型講 練(選擇性必修三)（教師版）

第04講Unit4AdversityandCourage重點單詞+詞組+重點句型講練(選擇性必修三)一、精講X3U4重點單詞+詞組1、adversityn.困境；逆境adverseadj.不利的，有害的；反面的overcomeadversity克服逆境inthefaceofadversity面對逆境Heovercamemanypersonaladversities.多次身處逆境,他都挺了過來。Asfiretriesgold,sodoesadversitytryvirtue.烈火煉真金，逆境見美德。2.wagen.工資wagedadj.有報酬的minimumwage最低工資aweeklywageof...周薪......wagecuts減薪awageincrease/riseof.........的加薪earnalivingwage謀生,掙工資3.bitteradj.嚴寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的bitterlyadv.痛苦地;嚴寒地bittercold嚴寒a(chǎn)bitterwind刺骨寒風(fēng)alongandbitterdispute一場漫長而激烈的爭論comeoutwithabittersmile苦笑著出來4.expeditionn.探險；遠征；探險隊expeditionaryadj.遠征的apolarexpedition南極探險5.endurancen.忍耐力；耐久力endurevt.忍受physicalendurance身體耐力endurev.忍耐，容忍powersofendurance耐力anendurancetest一次耐力測試beyondendurance忍無可忍can'tenduredoing/todosth.不能容忍做某事6.vigourn.精力；力量；活力vigorn.活力（美式拼寫）fullofvigour充滿活力vigorousadj.充滿活力的;精力充沛的;強壯的avigorousyoungman身強力壯的年輕人qualifiedadj.符合資格；具備……的知識qualificationn.資格；資歷aqualifiedteacher合格的教師bequalifiedfor具備·····的學(xué)歷/資歷/知識/技能bequalifiedtodosth.具備資歷做某aqualifiedlawyer取得執(zhí)業(yè)資格的律師qualifyv.使具備·資格behighly/suitably/fullyqualified高度/正好/完全符合資格qualificationn.資格;學(xué)歷;資歷disqualificationn.取消資格;剝奪資格8.enthusiasticadj.熱情的；熱心的enthusiasmn.熱情showenthusiasm展現(xiàn)熱情be/becomeenthusiasticaboutdoingsth.對做某事感興趣,對做某事熱心anenthusiasticsupporter熱心的支持者anenthusiasticwelcome熱烈歡迎enthusiasticallyadv.熱情地enthusiasmn.熱情,熱忱with(great)enthusiasm(非常)熱情地fullofenthusiasm充滿熱情9.aboardadv.&prep.上(船、飛機、公共汽車等)aboardadj.在船(或飛機、車)上的goaboard上船區(qū)分:abroadadv.在國外,到國外goaboard上船/飛機/火車/公共汽車beaboardtheplane/ship在飛機/船上Welcomeaboard!歡迎乘坐!Allaboard!請大家上船/火車/公共汽車!形近詞:abroadadv.在國外;到國外goabroad出國athomeandabroad國內(nèi)外10.cupboardn.櫥柜；壁櫥；衣柜Cupboardsn.櫥柜（復(fù)數(shù)）kitchencupboard廚房櫥柜11.assignvt.分派；布置；分配assignmentn.分配；任務(wù)assignatask分配任務(wù)assignsth.tosb./assignsb.sth.給某人分派某任務(wù)assignsb.to/assth.指派某人做某工作/擔(dān)任某職務(wù)threewrittenassignments三項書面作業(yè)onassignment受委派12.stewardn.(輪船、飛機或火車上的)乘務(wù)員；服務(wù)員stewardess[?stju??rd?s]n.女乘務(wù)員airlinesteward航空公司乘務(wù)員13.envyn.&vt.羨慕；妒忌enviousadj.羨慕的feelenvious感到羨慕theenvyofsb.某人羨慕/妒忌的對象outofenvy出于嫉妒withenvy羨慕地,妒忌地envysb.sth.羨慕某人某事envysb.forsth.因某事而羨慕某人14.crushvt.毀壞；壓壞；壓碎n.擁擠的人群crushedadj.被壓碎的acrushofpeople擁擠的人群becrushedtodeath壓死getcrushed被壓壞/壓碎15.sinkvi.(sanksunk,sunk)沉沒；下沉；下降sinkin被理解沉;使沉沒n.洗碗槽sinktothebottomof沉到······的底部thesinkingsun落日拓：sink一詞多義:倒下;頹然坐下;陷入sinkintoachair頹然倒在椅子上sinkdown沉落sinkintopoverty陷入貧困中asinkingfeeling不祥的感覺;沮喪之情besunkinthought陷人沉思16.abandonvt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄abandonedadj.被遺棄的abandonship棄船abandondoingsth.放棄做某事abandononeselfto沉湎于(某種情感)拓：anabandonedfarm廢棄的農(nóng)場abandonedadj.被遺棄的,被拋棄的anabandonedcar被拋棄的小汽車anabandonedchild被遺棄的孩子abandonhope放棄希望17.blanketn.毯子blanketsn.毯子（復(fù)數(shù)）awarmblanket一條溫暖的毯子18.belongingsn.[pl.]財物；動產(chǎn)belongvi適應(yīng);應(yīng)在(某處)personalbelongings個人物品拓：常用復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞:earnings薪水belongings財物findings調(diào)研結(jié)果savings儲蓄金goods貨物woods樹林tears淚水ruins廢墟congratulations祝賀surroundings環(huán)境instructions指示;說明personalbelongings個人財物19.miserableadj.痛苦的；令人難受的miserablyadv.痛苦地;非常難受地;悲慘地lookmiserable一副悶阿不樂的樣子miserableconditions惡劣的條件wanderaroundmiserably可憐兮兮地四處游蕩amiserablycoldday令人難受的寒冷天氣feelmiserable感到痛苦20.voyagen.&vi.航海；航行voyagesn.航海（復(fù)數(shù)）anaround-the-worldvoyage環(huán)球航行onthevoyageout/home出航途中/歸航途中avoyageinspace航天goon/make/takeavoyage去航海(強調(diào)動作)beonavoyage在航海(強調(diào)狀態(tài))make/takeavoyageto..航海到···...make/takeavoyagetoAfrica航海去非洲辨：各種“旅行”:海上航行用voyage長途陸路用journey;短途短期用trip;旅游觀光用tourtravel用法最普遍,特別指“游記”。21.navyn.海軍；海軍部隊navaladj.海軍的navalforce海軍力量22.decentadj.相當(dāng)不錯的；正派的；得體的decencyn.適當(dāng)；體面decentlyadv.正派地;得體地adecentjob一份體面的工作23.cosyadj.溫馨的；舒適的acosylittleroom溫暖舒適的小房間acosyfeeling愜意的感覺warmandcosy暖和又舒適acosyroom一個溫馨的房間24.selfishadj.自私的selflessadj.無私的selflesslyadv無私地；忘我地selfishbehaviour自私的行為Itisselfishofsb.todosth.某人做某事是自私的。workselflessly忘我工作actselfishly自私行事25.good/bad-temperedadj.脾氣好的/壞的Tempern.脾氣agood-temperedchild脾氣好的孩子26.genuineadj.真正的；真誠的；可信賴的genuinelyadv.真正地geniusn.天才fakeadj.假的27、genuinediamond/gold真鉆石/真金genuinelove真誠的愛genuinesignature親筆簽名28.perseverevi.堅持；孜孜以求Perseverancen.毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神perseverevi.堅持；孜孜以求fullofenergyandperseverance充滿活力和毅力persevereinanattempttodosth.堅持嘗試做某事29.resolvevi.&vt.決定；決心；解決(問題或困難)resolutionn.決心；堅定的信念,決議；解決；堅定resolveaconflict解決沖突resolveaproblem解決問題resolvetodosth.決心/決定（做）某事resolvethat...決心/決定（做）某事resolveondoingsth.決心/決定（做）某事makearesolutiontodosth.決定做某事makearesolution做出決心31.crewn.(輪船、飛機等上面的)全體工作人員；專業(yè)團隊；一群人crews[kru?z]n.工作人員（復(fù)數(shù)）thecrewofaship船員32.crueladj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的cruellyadv.殘酷地acruelact一個殘酷的行為33.thoroughadj.深入的；徹底的；細致的thoroughlyadv.徹底地athoroughinvestigation徹底調(diào)查34.furnituren.家具furnishvt.供應(yīng)家具officefurniture辦公家具35.unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；遺憾地unfortunateadj.不幸的36.fortunatelyadv.幸運地fortunateadj.幸運的37.dampadj.潮濕的；濕氣重的dampern.減震器dampweather潮濕的天氣38.recreationn.娛樂；消遣；游戲recreationaladj.娛樂的outdoorrecreation戶外運動39.guidancen.指導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)航Guidevt.指導(dǎo)careerguidance職業(yè)指導(dǎo)nephewn.侄子；外甥niecen.侄女；外甥女mynephew我的侄子41.advertisingn.廣告活動；廣告業(yè)advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣傳；做廣告advertisingcampaign廣告活動42.corporateadj.公司的；法人的；社團的corporationn.公司acorporateevent公司活動43.roughadj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的roughlyadv.大致上aroughsea洶涌的海44.navigatorn.領(lǐng)航員；(飛機、船舶等上的)航行者navigationn.航行askillednavigator熟練的領(lǐng)航員45.loyaladj.忠誠的；忠實的loyaltyn.忠誠loyalcustomers忠誠的顧客46.motorn.發(fā)動機；馬達adj.有引擎的；機動車的motorizedadj.機動的amotorvehicle機動車47.candidaten.候選人；應(yīng)試者candidacyn.候選人資格apresidentialcandidate總統(tǒng)候選人48.episoden.(人生的)一段經(jīng)歷；(小說的)片段；插曲episodesn.插曲（復(fù)數(shù)）amemorableepisode難忘的經(jīng)歷49.commitmentn.承諾；保證；奉獻commitvt.承諾asenseofcommitment承諾感50.motiven.動機；原因；目的motivatedadj.有動機的motiveforaction行動的動機51.turnsb.down拒絕(某人)turndown調(diào)低turnup出現(xiàn);到達;調(diào)高turnout結(jié)果是,證明是turnto求助于;翻到turnaround轉(zhuǎn)身turnon接通(電流、水等);打開turnoff關(guān)掉turnover翻身;翻轉(zhuǎn);移交turnin上交;退還52.be/get/becomestuckin被困在···be/getstuckinatrafficjam遇到交通堵塞be/gettrappedin(=be/getstuckin)被困在·····.be/getcaughtin突然遭遇(風(fēng)暴等)常用的“get+過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu):gethurt受傷害getcured被治愈getinvited被邀請getbroken壞了getpunished受到懲罰53.keepone'sspiritsup保持某人高昂的情緒ateamspirit團隊精神aspiritofadventure冒險精神inlow/highspirits情緒低落/高漲raise/liftone'sspirits振奮某人的情緒spirit表示“情緒”時,用復(fù)數(shù)形式one'sspiritsrise/lift/sink某人高興起來/情緒低落54.makeit準時到達;獲得成功;設(shè)法做成makeitto(尤指在困難情況下)到達,趕上makeittotheairportjustintime及時到達機場makeup編造;化妝;和好;組成makeupfor補償;彌補makesense講得通;有意義makeone'sway(to)去,前往makeuseof利用,使用makethemostof充分利用(=makefulluseof)55、holdon等一等;堅持住;(電話用語)別掛斷holdonuntilhelparrives堅持直到援助到來holdonto抓緊,不松開holdontomyarm抓住我的手臂holdback阻止;抑制(眼淚等)精講X3U4重點句型1、turnsb.down：However,whenIappliedtojointheexpedition,ShackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn'tqualified.此句型中“turnsb.down”表示“拒絕某人”，如：I'mafraidourbosswillturnmedown.另外，需注意“turndown”還有“調(diào)小”的意思，如turndowntheradio

.2、bequalifiedfor/todosth.：Theladyisideallyqualifiedforthejob.其中“bequalifiedfor”表示“具備……資格的；適合擔(dān)任……的”，“bequalifiedtodosth.”表示“有資格做某事”，是常用表達，如：HeisqualifiedtoteachEnglish.其動詞形式為qualify，名詞形式為qualification.3、abandonsth.tosb.：Theyhadtoabandontheirlandstotheinvadingforces.“abandon”意為“舍棄；拋棄；放棄”，常用搭配有“abandononeselfto(doing)sth.”表示“縱情/沉溺于(做)某事”，“abandondoingsth.”表示“放棄做某事”，如：Heabandonedhimselftoplayingcomputergames.形容詞形式為abandoned，意為“廢棄的；被遺棄的；放任的”.4、holdon：Holdonnow,Perce.“holdon”有“稍等；挺??；堅持??；(打電話)別掛斷”等意思，如：Holdonforaminute,I'vejustgottoputonmymake-up.其相關(guān)短語有“holdup”表示“支撐起；承受?。谎舆t，阻礙；搶劫”；“holdonto”表示“抓緊；不放開；保留；堅持”等5、allowsb.todosth./allowdoingsth.：Wewerenotallowedtotakemostofourpersonalbelongings.此句中“allowsb.todosth.”表示“允許某人做某事”，而“allowdoingsth.”則表示“允許做某事”，如：MyparentsallowmetowatchTVonweekends./Theydon'tallowsmokinghere.6、managetodosth.：Wehavemanagedtosurvive.“managetodosth.”表示“努力做某事（成功）”，強調(diào)經(jīng)過努力最終達到目的，如：Hemanagedtofinishtheworkontime.7、aslongas：Aslongaswedon'tloseheart,wewillsucceed.“aslongas”引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為“只要……”，如：Youcangoouttoplayaslongasyoufinishyourhomework.8、whatif：Whatiftheyweredelayed?“whatif”用于提出假設(shè)或疑問，意為“如果……將會怎么樣”，如：Whatifitrainstomorrow?.9、Ithappenedthat...：IthappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedition.此句型表示“碰巧……”，如：IthappenedthatImethimonthestreet..10、beenthusiasticabout：Iamenthusiasticabouttheidea.“beenthusiasticabout...”表示“對……熱情”，如：Sheisenthusiasticaboutdancing.11、getalong/onwith：Igetalongwellwithmyclassmates.“getalong/onwith...”表示“和……相處”，如：Howdoyougetalongwithyournewpartner?.三、X3U4精練試題1、詞匯精練：1．_________n．困境；逆境2．_________adj.嚴寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的3．________n．探險；遠征；探險隊4．_______adj.自私的5．_________adv.&prep.上(船、飛機、公共汽車等)6．______vt.毀壞；壓壞；壓碎n．擁擠的人群7．______vi.沉沒；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉沒8．_______vt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄9．________adj.痛苦的；令人難受的10．_________adj.相當(dāng)不錯的；正派的；得體的11．_________adj.真正的；真誠的；可信賴的12．________n．(輪船、飛機等上面的)全體工作人員；專業(yè)團隊；一群人13．__________adj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的14．__________n．家具15．_______adj.潮濕的；濕氣重的16．__________-n．娛樂；消遣；游戲17．__________adj.公司的；法人的；社團的18．_______adj.忠誠的；忠實的19．_________n．候選人；應(yīng)試者2、詞匯拓展1．_______n．忍耐力；耐久力→________vt.忍耐；忍受2．________adj.符合資格；具備……的知識(或技能、學(xué)歷等)________vt.取得資格；使合格3．________-adj.熱情的；熱心的→_________n．熱情；熱忱4．_______vt.分派；布置；分配→________n．分配的任務(wù)5．______-n.&vt.羨慕；妒忌→_________adj.妒忌的6．________n．[pl.]財物；動產(chǎn)→_________vi.屬于7．_________n．毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神→________vi.堅持；孜孜以求8．_______vi.&vt.決定；決心；解決(問題或困難)n．決心；堅定的信念_______n．決議；解決；堅定9．________adj.深入的；徹底的；細致的→__________-adv.徹底地10．________-adv.不幸地；遺憾地→__________adv.幸運地11．__________n．申請；請求；應(yīng)用→________-v．申請；應(yīng)用→_________n．申請人12．_______n．指導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)航→_______-v．引導(dǎo)13．________n．廣告活動；廣告業(yè)→_________vt.&vi.公布；宣傳；做廣告14．_______adj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的→_________adv.粗略地15．________n．承諾；保證；奉獻→_________-vt.&vi.(使)作出保證；投入16．________n．動機；原因；目的adj.發(fā)動的→_________n．動機3、單句語法填空1.English(navigate)JamesCook,whosailedalongthiscoastin1770,wasthefirstEuropeanknowntohavesightedFraserIsland.2.Nativespeciesdisappearedatarateof(rough)twoperyear,whilemorethanonenewcomerarrived.3.HeisloyalthePartyandhewillalwaysremainso.4.Allthemorereasonfor(candidate)tobechosenonthebasisofcompetence,notplaceofbirth.5.Thismeansthattheclosenessandattractiontheyoncefeltisgone,andtheystaytogetheronlyoutof(commit).6.Agood(motor)mustleadtogoodeffect,andagoodpurposemustberealizedbygoodmeasures.7.WheneverIencounterdifficulties,hereyeswillencouragemeandhelpmecheer.8.Thepollutedair(give)offbycarswilldogreatharmtoourhealth,andtoomanyprivatecarswillleadtotrafficjamsandagreatdealofenergywillbewasted.9.Thedevelopmentand(apply)ofnewtechnologiesarekeytothesmoothconstructionofChina’ssmartairports.10.Gothiswayabouttenminutes.Whenyouseeamotorcar(advertise),turnleft.4、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Formostcitizens,(wage)aretheonlysourceofincome.2.Although38percentofthepeoplediedofdiseasesduringthe(expedite),Cook’sdietofproperfoodkepttherestofthemhealthy.

3.Finallyoneday,Ididit,I(turn)downanunreasonablerequest.4.Idon’tknowmuchaboutit,soIdon’tfeel(qualify)tocomment.5.SheisinGreeceonan(assign)foroneoftheSundaynewspapers.6.Thedigginghadleftanetworkof(abandon)minesandtunnels.7.Hehasneverstoppedtryingandshowedgreat(persevere).8.Theymadea(resolve)tolosealltheweightgainedduringtheChristmasholidays.9.Ithinkthe(apply)deadlinewasNovember1st.10.Our(commit)willbeofthehighestorder.5、語法1.We(discuss)theprojectfortwohours.Let’stakeabreak.2.Atpresent,thereform(approach)itsfinalgoalthatisschoolimprovement.3.“I(dream)ofarurallifefordecades,butmyworkhampers(阻礙)me,”Chengsays.4.Analystsfoundthattwomillionofus(abandon)DIYoverthepasttwoyears.5.Thecompany(promise)ariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghashappenedyet.6.Sofar,onlythreecountries(manage)toindependentlysendhumansintospace:China,RussiaandtheU.S.6、課文語法填空(1)ASUCCESSFULFAILUREPerceBlackborowjoinedanexpeditionwithSirErnestShackletontoAntarcticaontheshipEndurancein1914.Shackletonwasoneofthemostfamous_1______________(explore)ofhisdayanditwasconsideredagreathonourtobepartofhisexpeditions.Below_2_________(be)someofBlackborow'sdiaryentries.31Oct,1914...Well,itsohappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedition.Anexpedition_3_________theSouthPolewiththegreatSirErnestShackleton-thisistheadventurethatI_4______________(dream)of.AndIwasreadyforit.Attheageof19,Iamfitandfullofvigour._5______________,whenIappliedtojointheexpedition,ShackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn't_6______________(qualify).ButIwassoenthusiasticabouttheideaofgoingalongwiththem_7_____________Isecretlywentaboardhisship,theEndurance,andhidinasmallcupboard._8______________(unfortunate),threedaysafterwesetoffIwasdiscovered.Shackletondidnotwanttoturnbacksohe_9______________(offer)meajob,butonlyafterhepromisedme,"Ifanyonehastobeeaten,thenyouwillbethefirst!"Heassignedmetobeasteward,andInowservemealsfortwenty-eightmen,threetimes_10___________day.HoweveryonewillenvymewhenIcomebackandtellthemabouttheamazingplacesIhavebeen_11________!21Nov,1915Thejourneyhasnotbeeneasy.Endurancebecame_12______________(stick)intheiceasweapproachedAntarctica.Theicefrozearoundusandwewerewelland_13______________(true)stuck!Wesawtheshipget_14______________(crush)bytheice.Andwhentheshipsank,ourheartssank_15_______it._16___________weabandonedtheship,Shackletoncalmlycalledustogetherandtoldustorescueourmostessentialsupplies-thesmallboats,ourfood,thecookstove,candles,clothes,andblankets.Thiswasnotime_17______________(panic).Wewerenotallowedtotakemostofourpersonal_18______________(belonging),andShackletonhimselfthrewawayallhisgold.Buttooursurprise,heallowedHusseytokeephisbanjo.Husseyoftenplaysittokeepour_19______________(spirit)up.Wehavenowcampedontheiceandwehavebeenmanagingtosurvive,butspringiscoming,andtheicewillsoonbegintomelt.20May,1916We_20______________(struggle)fordays,butthingsonElephantIslandaregoingfrombadtoworse.Wearenowcrowdedtogetherunderoneofourboatsonthe_21______________(rock)shoreofthismiserableplace.Soonafterwearrived,ShackletonleftustofindhelponSouthGeorgiaIsland,1,320kilometresaway-thevoyagewastoodangerousanddifficultforallofustomake_22_________inoursmallboats.IfShackletonfails,willwehaveanyhopeofrescue?No.NonavyintheworldeverstopsatElephantIsland,andnooneelseknowsthatwearehere.Ifeellow.It'scoldandwindy.Theislandhasnoplants.Sometimesweareabletocatchasealorapenguintoeat.Otherwise,thereisnofood.Itrytothinkofhappierthings:decentfood,warmanddryclothes,acosybedroom,sunnydays,andmymother'sface..._23____________,thesehappymemoriesaresooninterruptedby_24_________suddencoldrushofair.Ishouted,"Shutthedoor!""Holdonnow,Perce.Don'tyougo_25______________(turn)intoanotherTom,"camethereply."We'vecaughtanotherpenguin,soit'spenguinsouptonight!"BlessFrankWild,thekindestmanthereisafterourleader,ErnestShackleton.HowcouldIbecome_26___________selfishandbad-temperedasThomasOrde-Lees!WithoutFrankandErnest,we'dallbedeadbynow.Theirgenuineconcernforothers,their_27______________(persevere),andtheirresolvefillmewithhope.Perhapsthereisachancewewillreturnhome,afterall.(2)THEREWARDFORPERSEVERANCEWewatchedasShackletonandtheboatsailedawayfromElephantIsland.Itwaseasy_1______________(imagine)thedangeraheadofthem.Wouldtheyeverreturntofindus?Whatmighthappentothem?Whatifthey_2______________(delay)?Wefeltsoaloneanddesperate.Butitwasnotforlong.Therewasnothinglikeagooddinnerandsomemusic_3______________(cheer)usup.Life_4______________(fall)intoaregularpattern.Stayingalivetookallourtimeandenergy.Forexample,weneededwater,andElephantIslandhadnone.Wefoundthatwecouldmelticefromtheoceananddrinkthewaterfromit.Buthowcouldwemakefire?Therewerenotrees_5______________(grow)onAntarcticaandnooil,sotheonlyfuelwecouldusewasanimalfat.Thisgave_6___________oily,blacksmoke,butitstayed_7______________(burn)eveninstrongwinds.Foodwasalsoaproblem,aswedidnotfindanyvegetablesorfruitontheisland.Oneofourgroupmembers,LionelGreenstreet,notedinhisdiaryabouthowboredhewas_8____________themeals:"Thefoodnowisprettywellallmeatofseacreatures."Ifitweren'tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.Asachef,itwasmydutytocook,soItriedtovarythemealsin_9____________wayIcould.Butitwasdifficult.Wehadtobecarefulnottogooutsidetoooften,asthechangingtemperaturescouldmakeusill.Itwasalmost_10__________dangeroustobecometoohotfromwearingtoomanyclothesastobecometoocoldfromwearingtoofew.Thesweatcouldfreezeveryquickly.Manyofusalsobecameillfromtheblacksmokeoftheanimalfatweburnt_11___________ourfires.Itdamagedoureyesandburntourlungs.Thetwenty-twoofuslivedlikethisinthecoldforfourmonths.Ourdisciplineandteamspiritkeptusoptimisticandhelpedusdealwithourfears_12__________apositiveandsuccessfulway.Wealsocelebratedourbirthdays,festivals,andeventhetimes_13____________wecaughtaseaanimal.ThiswasanepisodeinmylifethatIwouldneverforget.Whenwewerefinallyrescued,wefelt_14___________reliefandjoythatmanyofuscouldnothideourtears.Wewereatlastfreetogohometowarmbeds,goodfood,andthecareofourfamilyandfriends.Ouroptimismandfaith_15___________Shackletonhadhelpeduspersevereinstayingalive.Andhepaidusbackbyhiscommitmenttosaveusfromaslow_16___________painfuldeath.X3U4精練試題答案一、1.adversity2.bitter3.expedition4.selfish5.aboard6.crush7.sink8.abandon9.miserable10.decent11.genuine12.crew13.cruel14.furniture15damp16.recreation17.corporate18.loyal19.candidate二、1.endurance;endure2.qualified;qualify3.enthusiastic;enthusiasm4.assign;assignment5.envy;envious6.belongings;belong7.perseverance;persevere8.resolve;resolution9.thorough;thoroughly10.unfortunately;fortunately11.application;apply;applicant12.guidance;guide13.advertising;advertise14.rough;roughly15.commitment;commit16.motive;motivation三、1.Englishnavigator(navigate)JamesCook,whosailedalongthiscoastin1770,wasthefirstEuropeanknowntohavesightedFraserIsland.2.Nativespeciesdisappearedatarateofroughly(rough)twoperyear,whilemorethanonenewcomerarrived.3.HeisloyaltothePartyandhewillalwaysremainso.4.Allthemorereasonforcandidates(candidate)tobechosenonthebasisofcompetence,notplaceofbirth.5.Thismeansthattheclosenessandattractiontheyoncefeltisgone,andtheystaytogetheronlyoutofcommitment(commit).6.Agoodmotive(motor)mustleadtogoodeffect,andagoodpurposemustberealizedbygoodmeasures.7.WheneverIencounterdifficulties,hereyeswillencouragemeandhelpmecheerup.8.Thepollutedairgiven(give)offbycarswilldogreatharmtoourhealth,andtoomanyprivatecarswillleadtotrafficjamsandagreatdealofenergywillbewasted.9.Thedevelopmentandapplication(apply)ofnewtechnologiesarekeytothesmoothconstructionofChina’ssmartairports.10.Gothiswayabouttenminutes.Whenyouseeamotorcaradvertisement(advertise),turnleft.四、1.Formostcitizens,wages(wage)aretheonlysourceofincome.2.Although38percentofthepeoplediedofdiseasesduringtheexpedition(expedite),Cook’sdietofproperfoodkepttherestofthemhealthy.

3.Finallyoneday,Ididit,Iturned(turn)downanunreasonablerequest.4.Idon’tknowmuchaboutit,soIdon’tfeelqualified(qualify)tocomment.5.SheisinGreeceonanassignment(assign)foroneoftheSundaynewspapers.6.Thedigginghadleftanetworkofabandoned(abandon)minesandtunnels.7.Hehasneverstoppedtryingandshowedgreatperseverance(persevere).8.Theymadearesolution(resolve)tolosealltheweightgainedduringtheChristmasholidays.9.Ithinktheapplication(apply)deadlinewasNovember1st.10.Ourcommitment(commit)willbeofthehighestorder.五、1.Wehavebeendiscussing(discuss)theprojectfortwohours.Let’stakeabreak.2.Atpresent,thereformhasapproached(approach)itsfinalgoalthatisschoolimprovement.3.“Ihavebeendreaming(dream)ofarurallifefordecades,butmyworkhampers(阻礙)me,”Chengsays.4.Analystsfoundthattwomillionofushaveabandoned(abandon)DIYoverthepasttwoyears.5.Thecompanyhasbeenpromising(promise)ariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghashappenedyet.6.Sofar,onlythreecountrieshavemanaged(manage)toindependentlysendhumansintospace:China,RussiaandtheU.S.六、答案解析1、explorers：“oneof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“……之一”，此處指“最著名的探險家之一”，所以用explore的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式explorers。2、are：此句是倒裝句，主語是“someofBlackborow'sdiaryentries”，為復(fù)數(shù)概念，描述的是一般情況，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的be動詞復(fù)數(shù)形式are。3、to：“anexpeditionto...”表示“去……的探險”，此處指去南極的探險，用介詞to表示方向。4、haddreamed：此處表示“這是我一直夢想的冒險”，夢想這個動作在“readtheadvertisement”之前就已經(jīng)存在，是過去的過去，所以用過去完成時haddreame