2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Module5ATripAlongtheThreeGorgesSectionⅠIntroductionReadingandVocabulary學(xué)案含解析外研版必修4

PAGEModule5ATripAlongtheThreeGorgeseq\o(\s\up7(SectionⅠ),\s\do5())eq\o(\s\up7(Introduction，ReadingandVocabulary),\s\do5())Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．woodn．木頭，木材→woodsn．樹(shù)林→woodenadj.木制的；呆板的，無(wú)表情的2．flatadj.平坦的→flatnessn．平坦；單調(diào)→flatn．套房，公寓3．surroundvt.圍繞；環(huán)繞→surroundingadj.四周的，旁邊的→surroundingsn．pl.四周的事物；環(huán)境4．colleaguen．同事→fellown．同事；家伙(同義詞)5．downstreamadv.向下游；隨波而下→upstreamadv.向上游；逆流6．tradevi.做生意；交易→traden．交易；貿(mào)易→tradern．商人7．hillyadj.多山的；丘陵起伏的→hilln．小山；丘陵8．narrowvi.變狹窄→narrowadj.狹窄的；牽強(qiáng)的→narrowlyadv.牽強(qiáng)地；狹隘地；差一點(diǎn)兒→widenv．(使)變寬(反義詞)9．distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的→distancen．距離，路程→distantlyadv.疏遠(yuǎn)地；遙遠(yuǎn)地；生疏地10．exploitvt.開(kāi)發(fā)；利用→exploitationn．開(kāi)發(fā)，開(kāi)采；利用→exploitern．開(kāi)拓者；剝削者Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1．a(chǎn)ttheedgeof在……邊緣2．goonatrip去旅行3．a(chǎn)rriveat/in到達(dá)4．spendsth.(in)doingsth.花費(fèi)……做某事5．havefourweeksoff休假四周6．narrowto窄至7．a(chǎn)tleast至少8．gothrough通過(guò)；經(jīng)驗(yàn)9．beheavywith有大量的……10．takepictures拍照11．pointat指著12．beimpressedby/with對(duì)……印象深刻；被……所感動(dòng)13．meantodo準(zhǔn)備做14．takeadvantageof利用1．surroundvt.圍繞；環(huán)繞Thefencesurroundstheschool.籬笆環(huán)圍著學(xué)校。Wearesurroundedwith/bydangers.我們的境況危機(jī)四伏。Theislandissurroundedwith/bythesea.小島四面環(huán)海。[熟詞]round圍繞→[生詞]surround包圍→[生詞]surroundingadj.四周的；環(huán)繞的；surroundingsn．環(huán)境surround...with...用……包圍……；使……被……圍著besurroundedwith/by被……圍著surroundingadj.四周的；旁邊的surroundingsn．四周的事物；環(huán)境Afterthelecture,MrChezstoodtheresurrounded(surround)bylotsofstudentswhowereaskinghimquestions.2．tradevi.做生意；交易vt.交換n．[U]貿(mào)易Thecompanytradesinsilk,tea,andotherproducts.該公司從事絲綢、茶葉和其他商品的貿(mào)易。IndiabegantradingwithEuropeinthe15thand16thcenturies.印度于十五、十六世紀(jì)起先和歐洲進(jìn)行貿(mào)易。Itradedmywatchforabicycle.我用手表?yè)Q了一輛自行車(chē)。Developingforeigntradeisveryimportantforourcountry.發(fā)展外貿(mào)對(duì)我國(guó)很重要。tradeinsth.經(jīng)營(yíng)某物；干某一行tradeAforB用A換Btradesth.withsb.和某人交換某物tradewithsb.與某人做生意Thestoretradesinfreshfruit.3．narrowv．(使)變狹窄adj.狹窄的；牽強(qiáng)的Thisiswheretherivernarrows.這條河就是在這里變窄的。Henarrowedhiseyesandstaredatthehorizon.他瞇起眼睛凝視著地平線。Theroadwastoonarrowforcarstopass.路太窄了，車(chē)輛過(guò)不去。Ihadanarrowescapefromdeath.我幸免于死。narrow常作形容詞用，其動(dòng)詞用法是通過(guò)詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的?？梢赞D(zhuǎn)化為動(dòng)詞的形容詞還有：clearadj.→v.cleartheroom打掃房間dryadj.→v.dryyourhands擦干手freeadj.→v.freetheslaves釋放奴隸slowadj.→v.slowdown慢下來(lái)wrongadj.→v.wrongsb.冤枉某人narrowdown削減；限制；縮小；變窄narrow...to...把……局限在……之內(nèi)narrow-minded心胸狹窄的narrowlyadv.差點(diǎn)兒ItwasfortunatethatJohnnarrowly(narrow)escapedbeingkilledinatrafficaccident.4．distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的Itsnowsalltheyearroundinthatdistantvillage.那個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的村莊整年下雪。Theschoolisthreemilesdistantfromthetown.那所學(xué)校距離城鎮(zhèn)3英里遠(yuǎn)。Thesunisquitedistantfromtheearth.太陽(yáng)距離地球很遠(yuǎn)。bedistantfrom離……遙遠(yuǎn)distancen．[C，U]距離；路程；遠(yuǎn)處；遠(yuǎn)方Helivesinadistant(distance)village.5．detourn．迂路；繞行之路常與make構(gòu)成固定搭配。Theymadeadetourtoavoidthetowncentre.他們?yōu)楸荛_(kāi)市中心而繞行。Whenhefindssomethingunusualonhisway,hemadeadetourratherthanruntherisk.當(dāng)他發(fā)覺(jué)路上有些反常時(shí)，他繞道避開(kāi)而不是冒險(xiǎn)接著向前。Hemadeadetourhome.6．charactern．文字；特性；特征；性格；品質(zhì)；人物；角色ThecharactersinChinesewritinglooklikesmallpictures.中國(guó)字看上去像是一幅幅小小的圖畫(huà)。ThecharacteroftheSiberianplainsisverydifferentfromthatofsouthChina.西伯利亞平原的特征跟中國(guó)南部平原大不相同。Thecityseemstometolackcharacter.這座城市在我看來(lái)缺乏特色。Whatdoesherhandwritingtellyouabouthercharacter?你從她的筆跡中看出她的什么性格特點(diǎn)？Dr.WatsonisacharacterintheSherlockHolmesstories.華生醫(yī)生是夏洛克·福爾摩斯故事中的一個(gè)人物。characteristicadj.特有的；獨(dú)特的characterizevt.表示……的特征；刻畫(huà)……的性格Hespokewithcharacteristicenthusiasm.他說(shuō)話帶著特有的熱忱。Eachregionwouldhavecommonpollutionsourcesandcharacteristicweather.每個(gè)區(qū)域有共同的污染源和特有的氣候。Yourworkischaracterizedbylackofattentiontodetails.你的工作特點(diǎn)是缺乏對(duì)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)的留意。Thetownhasitscharacteristic(character)features.7．exploitvt.開(kāi)發(fā)；開(kāi)拓；開(kāi)采；利用；剝削Wemustexploitthecountry'smineralresources.我們必需開(kāi)發(fā)國(guó)家的礦產(chǎn)資源。Heisgoodatexploitingasituationforhisownadvantage.他擅長(zhǎng)利用形勢(shì)謀取私利。Theyexploitedhergenerosityshamelessly.他們無(wú)恥地利用了她的慷慨。exploitationn．開(kāi)拓；開(kāi)發(fā)；開(kāi)采；剝削；利用exploitern．剝削者exploitableadj.可開(kāi)發(fā)的；可利用的；可剝削的exploit含義面面觀Manynaturalresourceshavenotbeenexploited(exploit)inthisarea.1．Ican'tbelieveshedidsuchastupidthing—itseemstobeoutofhercharacter.解析：character“性格”，outofcharacter“與特性不符”。2．It'srequiredthatmineralresourcesbeexploited(exploit)handinhandwiththelocalenvironmentprotection.解析：句意：資源開(kāi)發(fā)與愛(ài)護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)氐沫h(huán)境應(yīng)同步進(jìn)行。3．InthefirstweekofSeniorHigh，moststudentsappeareddistantthoughtheytriedtobeasfriendlyastheycould.解析：distant冷漠的。句意：在上中學(xué)的第一周，大多數(shù)學(xué)生顯得冷漠了一些，盡管他們盡量保持友好。4．TheymadeadetourinordertoenjoythebeautifulsceneryoftheWestLake.解析：makeadetour為固定搭配，意為“繞道；繞行”。句意：他們繞道而行，為的是觀賞西湖的漂亮風(fēng)景。5．Thevillageisdistantfromthepostoffice.解析：句意：這個(gè)村莊離郵局很遠(yuǎn)。bedistantfrom“離……遙遠(yuǎn)”，為固定搭配。6．Myuncleisasmartbusinessman.Hemadealotofmoneybytradingwiththeforeignerslastyear.解析：句意：我叔叔是個(gè)精明的商人。去年他跟外國(guó)人做生意賺了很多錢(qián)。tradewith...“與……做生意”。7．Theyarestampcollectors;theyoftentradestampswitheachother.解析：句意：他們是集郵者，常常相互交換郵票。tradesth.withsb.與……交換。8．Agoodgovernmentshouldworktonarrow(narrow)thegapbetweentherichandpoor.解析：句意：一個(gè)好的政府應(yīng)當(dāng)致力于縮小貧富差距。narrow“使變窄”。9．Alargequantityofgoods(good)wassenttotheexhibitionfromvariouspartsoftheworld.解析：句意：大量的商品從世界各地運(yùn)輸?shù)搅瞬┯[會(huì)。goods“貨物；商品”。10．Alotofgoodsinhisshopwerestolenlastnight.解析：句意：昨晚，他商店里的很多貨物被偷了。goods“貨物；商品”，無(wú)單數(shù)形式，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式；由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)lastnight可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。11．Thisgroupofmountainssurround(surrounding)eachothersothatitisquiteeasytogetlosthere.解析：句意：這里群山環(huán)繞，很簡(jiǎn)單迷路。surround“圍繞；環(huán)繞”。1．a(chǎn)ttheedgeof在……的邊緣Thetreeisattheedgeoftheriver.那棵樹(shù)長(zhǎng)在河邊。Thepolicetookuptheirstationsattheedgeoftheroad.警方在路邊各就各位。ontheedgeof在……邊緣上；快要發(fā)生Iwasontheedgeofamentalbreakdownatthattime.當(dāng)時(shí)我處在精神崩潰的邊緣。Thereisaboatattheedgeofthelake.2．a(chǎn)tleast至少Thefoodwasn'tgood,butatleastitwascheap.這種食品不怎么好，但至少便宜。Ithoughthehadbeendeadforatleasttwentyyears.我以為他去世至少有20年了。notintheleast一點(diǎn)也不atmost至多；不超過(guò)Icangiveyou100dollarsatmost.我最多只能給你100美元。I'llstaythereforatleasttwodays.3．gothrough通過(guò)；經(jīng)驗(yàn)；遭遇；閱讀；翻閱；細(xì)致檢查Youhavetobenddowntogothroughthedoor.這扇門(mén)得彎著腰才能過(guò)去。Theywentthroughmanyhardshipsduringthewar.在斗爭(zhēng)中他們經(jīng)驗(yàn)了很多磨難。Maryquicklywentthroughtheintroductionofthenovelintwominutes.瑪麗用兩分鐘的時(shí)間快速閱讀了這本小說(shuō)的前言。Let'sgothroughthearrangementsforthepartyagain.我們?cè)贆z查一遍聚會(huì)的支配事宜。goahead請(qǐng)吧，說(shuō)吧，做吧godown下降，下跌goout出去；(燈，火)熄滅goover復(fù)習(xí)，細(xì)致檢查①Thelittlegirlwentthroughalotwhenshewascheatedandsoldtothemountainvillage.②Peopleincitieshopethehousingpricewillgodown.4．beheavywith有大量的……Theairisheavywiththescentofflowers.空氣中充滿著濃郁的花香。I'mstillheavywithinfluenzabutgettingbetter.我的流感仍舊很厲害，但正在好轉(zhuǎn)。Theappletreeisheavywithfruit.5．havefourweeksoff休息四周have...off＝take...off，一般用時(shí)間作賓語(yǔ)，意為“休息……；放假……”。I'mtakingThursdayofftodosomeChristmasshopping.我周四要請(qǐng)假，為圣誕節(jié)買(mǎi)點(diǎn)東西。Hehadtwodaysoffbecauseofhisheavycold.6．pointat指著It'srudetopointataperson.指人是不禮貌的?！癟hat'sthemanwhodidit，”shesaid,pointingatme.“那事就是他干的，”她指著我說(shuō)。point...at把/用……瞄準(zhǔn)或?qū)χ鴓ointone'sfingeratsb./sth.用手指著某人/某物pointagunatsb.用槍瞄準(zhǔn)某人Don'tpointyourfeetatothers.1．Itwasearlyspring,butmostofthetreesherehadbeenheavy(heavily)withcolourfulflowers.解析：句意：雖是早春，但這兒多數(shù)的樹(shù)上都有很多明麗的花。beheavywith“有大量的……”。2．ThemoviesIlikemusthaveathemeoratleastmakeyouthinkaboutsomethingimportant.解析：句意：我喜愛(ài)的電影肯定要有個(gè)主題，或者至少能讓你思索一些重要的事情。atleast“至少”。3．Youshouldgothroughtheofficialwaystogethelpinsteadofprivaterelationship.解析：句意：你應(yīng)當(dāng)通過(guò)官方渠道而非私人關(guān)系來(lái)獲得幫助。gothrough“通過(guò)”。4．Lilyhadgonethroughmanyfailuresbeforeshefinallysucceededintheexperiment.解析：句意：莉莉經(jīng)驗(yàn)了很多失敗之后最終勝利地完成了試驗(yàn)。gothrough“經(jīng)驗(yàn)；遭遇”。5．Althoughtheoldmanwasattheedgeofdeath,hestillfoughtwiththediseasebravely.解析：句意：盡管這個(gè)老人已在死亡的邊緣，他依舊英勇地與疾病作著斗爭(zhēng)。attheedgeof“在……的邊緣”。6．Heclearlypointedoutthedifferencesbetweenthetwinbrothers.解析：句意：他清晰地指出了這對(duì)孿生兄弟之間的不同之處。pointout“指出”。7．Wewillhavetwodaysoffnextweek,whenwecangoonatrip.解析：havetwodaysoff休兩天假。1．HeandacolleagueweretospendtwoyearsthereteachingEnglishatateachertrainingcollege.他和另一位同事將在那里的一所老師進(jìn)修學(xué)院任教英語(yǔ)兩年。betodosth.在此處表示“依據(jù)支配或依據(jù)支配將要做某事”。Wearetomeetattheentrancetothehall.我們約定在大廳門(mén)口見(jiàn)面。Themeetingistobeheldtomorrowafternoon.會(huì)議定于明天下午召開(kāi)。betodosth.除了上面表示“按支配或依據(jù)支配將要做某事(意思接近begoingto)”的用法外，還有以下一些用法：①表示“應(yīng)當(dāng)(該)做的事情”(意思接近should)。Nobodyknewwhatwastobedone.沒(méi)有人知道該做什么。Youarenottodothatagain.以后不要這樣做了。②表示“必需或不得不做的事情”(意思接近must，need或haveto)。You'retomoveoutofthehouserightaway.你必需立刻搬出去。Thisletteristobehandedtohiminperson.這封信得親自交給他。③表示“想要/決心做的事情”(意思接近wantto，intendto，多用于條件從句中)。ImustcontinuetolearnifIamtomakefurtherprogress.今后我若要更進(jìn)一步還得接著學(xué)習(xí)。Ifwearetobethereontime，we'llhurryup.假如我們想準(zhǔn)時(shí)趕到那里，我們得快點(diǎn)。④表示“后來(lái)將發(fā)生的事情”，多用于過(guò)去時(shí)。Hewastoregretthisdecision.他將來(lái)會(huì)懊悔做這個(gè)確定的。Ifyouareto_pass(pass)theexam,you'llhavetoworkhard.2．Thatsoundedfinetome.我覺(jué)得聽(tīng)起來(lái)還不錯(cuò)。sound可作連系動(dòng)詞，意為“聽(tīng)起來(lái)”，后常跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。sound后還可跟asif從句。Yourexplanationsoundsconfusing.你的說(shuō)明聽(tīng)起來(lái)令人迷惑。Itsoundsasifyou'llneedanewcarifthedamageisasbadastheysay.假如汽車(chē)損壞的狀況有他們說(shuō)的那么嚴(yán)峻地話，你似乎就應(yīng)當(dāng)去買(mǎi)部新車(chē)了。Itsoundstomeasifthereisataprunningsomewhere.我覺(jué)得聽(tīng)起來(lái)似乎哪兒有水龍頭在流水。Theideasoundsreasonable(reason)．3．“Oh，well，”myfriendsaid，“atleastwehavetwomoreleft.”“哦，好吧，”我的摯友說(shuō)，“至少我們能望見(jiàn)另外兩個(gè)峽谷?！?1)more在句中意為“還有；再”，常和數(shù)詞搭配，并放在數(shù)詞之后。Weneedthreemorehands.我們還須要三個(gè)人。(2)過(guò)去分詞left在句中意為“剩下”。它可放在名詞之后或者anything，something，nothing，somebody，nobody等不定代詞之后，常常用于therebe結(jié)構(gòu)。Therewerenocropsleftaftertheflood.洪水過(guò)后，一棵莊稼也沒(méi)留下。Atthattimetherewasnothingleftforhertodobutgototheoffice.那時(shí)她沒(méi)有別的可做，只好去辦公室。left，remaining與therest三者都可意為“剩下(的)”，但詞性和用法相差較大。left為過(guò)去分詞，其位置在名詞和不定代詞之后；remaining是現(xiàn)在分詞，起形容詞的作用，放在名詞之前；therest相當(dāng)于一個(gè)代詞，因此不能干脆修飾名詞，而應(yīng)運(yùn)用短語(yǔ)“therestof＋名詞”。此外，如therest指代名詞復(fù)數(shù)，它就具有復(fù)數(shù)性質(zhì)；如指代單數(shù)或不行數(shù)名詞，它就具有單數(shù)性質(zhì)。Ihavenomoneyleft.我沒(méi)錢(qián)了。Theremainingsnowbegantofreezeagain.殘留的雪又起先結(jié)冰。I'lltakemyshare，andtherestofthemoneyisyours.我會(huì)拿走我的一份，剩下的錢(qián)是你的。Therestofthehouseswerenotrented.余下的房子沒(méi)有租出去。Iatetwoapples.TherestwereeatenbyTom.我吃了兩個(gè)蘋(píng)果，剩下的被湯姆吃了。Thereisnotimeleft(leave).Hurryup!4．Onadistantmountainwasasignin20-footcharacters.“BuildtheThreeGorgesDam，ExploittheYangtzeRiver，”itsaid.遠(yuǎn)山上寫(xiě)著20英尺見(jiàn)方的漢字：“建立三峽大壩，開(kāi)發(fā)長(zhǎng)江資源”(1)本句采納了倒裝句型。本句中的主語(yǔ)為asign，表地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)onadistantmountain位于句首，主謂倒裝。當(dāng)句首為here，there，now，then等副詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be，go，come等時(shí)，句子的主謂要求倒裝；表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和方向的副詞如in，out，away，up，down，off等置于句首時(shí)，句子也用完全倒裝。Onthetopofthemountainstandsatalltree.山頂上聳立著一棵大樹(shù)。Onthewallhangtwoloudspeakers.墻上掛著兩個(gè)喇叭。Herecomesthepostman!郵遞員來(lái)了！Inrushedawoman.一位婦女沖了進(jìn)來(lái)。當(dāng)這類(lèi)句子的主語(yǔ)是代詞而不是名詞時(shí)，不運(yùn)用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。Hereweare.我們到了。Outofthecinemahecame.他從電影院出來(lái)。(2)say的意思是“說(shuō)；寫(xiě)著”，其主語(yǔ)既可以是人，也可以是書(shū)、報(bào)、雜志、便條等。Ireceivedanotewhichsaid，“Thankyouforwhatyouhavedone.”我收到一張紙條，上面寫(xiě)著：“感謝你做的一切?！盜nthemiddleofthesquarestands(stand)abigstone.5．Theyaremainlyforgoodsandpeopletradingalongtheriver.這些船主要乘載貨物和沿河做生意的人。tradingalongtheriver現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)修飾people?，F(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，假如是單個(gè)詞則放在被修飾詞的前面；假如是短語(yǔ)，則常放在被修飾詞的后面。Thegirlstandingthereismysister.站在那邊的那個(gè)女孩是我妹妹。Therisingsunlooksverybeautiful.冉冉升起的太陽(yáng)看上去很美。Therearesomeboysplaying(play)footballontheplayground.1．Lookoverthere—there'saverylong,windingpathleading(lead)uptothehouse.解析：本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)。句意：看那兒——有一條很長(zhǎng)的且曲折的路，它干脆通向這座房子。本題為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)，且path與lead之間為主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)。2．ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortunewas(be)tobemade.解析：makeafortune意為“發(fā)財(cái)”，make在句中須要運(yùn)用被動(dòng)形式。betodo意為“將會(huì)，將要”，wastobemade表示過(guò)去將來(lái)。句意：澳洲金礦的發(fā)覺(jué)使成千上萬(wàn)的人信任他們將會(huì)發(fā)財(cái)。3．—Howaboutseeingthenewmovieatthetheatretonight?—Soundsgreat(greatly),butI'vegottogoovermynotesfortomorrow'sexam.解析：soundsgreat，“聽(tīng)起來(lái)很好”，是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，前面省略了主語(yǔ)it，符合語(yǔ)境。4．Atthefootofthemountainlies_a_village(avillagelie)．解析：當(dāng)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí)，主謂應(yīng)完全倒裝，該句正常語(yǔ)序?yàn)椋篈villageliesatthefootofthemountain.。5．—WhatshouldIdofirst?—Theinstructionssay(say)thatyoushouldmixflourwithwatercarefullyfirst.解析：say“內(nèi)容是，上面寫(xiě)著”。答句句意：說(shuō)明書(shū)上寫(xiě)著你應(yīng)當(dāng)首先細(xì)致地混合水和面。6．Whatcouldtheoldmandowiththeremaining(remain)vegetables?解析：remaining是形容詞，意為“剩下的”，只能作前置定語(yǔ)。Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空Peterandhis