2022屆貴州省貴陽市高三適應(yīng)性考試一（一模）英語試題 附答案

貴陽市2022年高三適應(yīng)性考試（一）英語2022年2月本試卷滿分120分?？荚囉脮r(shí)100分鐘。注意事項(xiàng):1.答題前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、報(bào)名號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上?？忌J(rèn)真核對(duì)答題卡上粘貼的條形碼的"姓名、報(bào)名號(hào)、考試科目"與考生本人姓名、報(bào)名號(hào)是否一致。2.選擇題∶每小題選出答案后,用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑,如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。非選擇題∶用黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上書寫作答。在試題卷上作答,答案無效。3.請(qǐng)保持答題卡平整,不能折疊?？荚嚱Y(jié)束,監(jiān)考員將試卷、答題卡一并收回。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AAwomanandherfriendswereluckyenoughtoseewildAmurtiger,anendangeredspecies,fortwodaysduringtheNewYearholiday.Theyspottedtherareanimalswhiledrivingonmountain-climbingtripsinHunchun,NortheastChina'sJilinprovince.Thewoman,surnamedZhao,wasdrivingwithtwofriendswhentheyfirstsawacubtigerneartheSandaogouvillageofHunchunonJan.1st,CCTVNewsreported.Zhaosaidtheyoungtigerlookedchubbyandcute.Whenthetigersawthem,itturnedandran."Wewishedtoseeawildtigeronce,andIdidn'texpectourwishwouldcometrueonthefirstdayofthenewyear!?"Zhaosaid.Thenextday,whenZhaoandherfriendsdrovetowheretheysawtheyoungtigeradaybefore,theyfoundanevenbiggerone.Comparedwiththecub,theadultdidnotrushtorunawayafterseeingtheircarbutsatthereandwatchedthemforamomentbeforeit"walkedslowlyintothewoods",Zhaosaid."Howluckytheyare!"manynetizenscommented.Theyear2022istheYearoftheTigerintheChineselunarcalendar.Accordingtoreports,localresidentsinHunchunhavecomeacrosswildAmurtigersmorethan30timessincethebeginningof2021.AlargeareainHunchunispartofNortheastChina'sTigerandLeopardNationalPark,whichisoneofthecountry'sfirstfivenationalparks.Theparkswillbepartlyopentothepublicandserveas"classrooms"fornatureconservationeducation.TheAmurtigerpopulationinChinasawasharpdeclineinthe1990s.Thankstopreservationmeasures,thewildAmurtigerpopulationhasbeenexperiencingrapidgrowth1.HowmanypeoplesawtheAmurtigerontheirtrip?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.2.Whatdoesheunderlinedpart"acubtiger"mean?A.anadulttiger B.acutetiger C.ayoungtiger D.atrainedtiger3.Whatdocsthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.ThelocalresidentsofHunchun.B.TheeffectofprotectingAmurtigers.C.Theclassroomsofleopardeducation.D.Theconstructionofnationalparks.。BThe33-year-oldAustralianisactuallyastudentininternationalrelationscompletinghisPhDthroughGriffithUniversity.HecametoBeijingforcooperativeresearchatPekingUniversitylessthantwoyearsago.Suchanacademiclifewasjustaddedcolorwithachanceofferedbytheculturalexchangesproject,"I'minChina".Bradleywasluckytowinthemost"likes"forhisphotostoryabouthislifeinChinaandbecameoneof20winnerstovisitlocationsafteraglobalrecruitment（招募）bytheprojectthissummer.Allthewinners'experienceswerefilmedtoproducearealityshow,MyChineseWorkingDay,whichwillbebroadcastbymid-September.BradleywaschosentoworkasarecreationalmanagerforaChinesewedding.Thefilmcrewtookthe20winnerstomany"amazingsites"andthestaffattheresorttaughtthemalotabouthowto"showmodernChinesetraits（特色）whilestillkeepingtraditionalcustoms",Bradleysaid."Iwouldhavetosaytwothingsstickoutasthemostmemorable:thehelicopterrideandtalkingwiththestaffatthehotelabouthowtheyorganizeweddingshereinChina,"hesaid.ThatwasBradley'sfirsttimetobeinahelicopter,andhewastooabsorbedwiththeviewofthebeautifulcoastline."IthinkitissoimportanttoshowotherAustraliansthedifferentsceneriesinChina.IthinksomanyAustralians,whentheythinkaboutChina,theywillimaginethehistoricalsitesofBeijingandtheexcitingthingstoseeinShanghaibuthavenoideaaboutotherbeautifulplaces,likeSanyaorthemanyotherplacespeoplehavebeentakentointhisTV'series,"Bradleysaid.AstotheChinesewedding,theceremonywasquitefamiliartoBradley,whichhesaidwas"verymuchlikeanyweddinghehadbeentobackinAustralia".Butitwasstill"interestingtoseehowChinesecouplesbalancethedesiresofamodernweddingwhilekeepingChinesetraditions",4.WhydidBradleycometoChina?A.TovisitPekinguniversity. B.Todothecooperativeresearch.C.Toproducearealityshow. D.Toattendaweddingparty.5.WhatmadeBradleychosenfromtheculturalexchangesproject?A.Hisappealingphotostory. B.Hisacademiclife.C.Hisworkingday. D.Hiscolorfulexchangeproject.6.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A.Australiansdon'tknowanythingaboutChina.B.BradleyhasbeentoBeijingandShanghaibefore.C.AustraliansknowavarietyofbeautifulplacesinChina.D.BradleywantstobroadenAustralians'eyesofChina.7.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Bradley'shelicopter. B.Bradley'swedding.C.BradleyinChina.D.BradleyinSanya.CWhodoyoucountasyourfriends?FromourBFFtoaworkmate,itsgoodtohavesomeonetochatwithoroffercomfortandsupport.Butwhenitcomestofriendship,isitmoreimportanttohavequantityorquality?Therecentisolation（隔離）wehaveenduredduetothecoronaviruspandemichasmadesomeofusquestionourfriendships.We'vefallenoutoftouchwithfriendsandacquaintances,anditmayfeelawkward,butdoweactuallyhavetorekindle（再續(xù)）everyrelationshipweoncehad?Itmightbetimetothinkaboutwhoyoukeptintouchwith,whoyoumissedtalkingto,andwhoyoudidn't.Inshort,maybeit'stimetorenewyourlistofrealmates."There'snoneedtostayfriends,"awriterforBBCWorklife,BrvanLufkinsays,"Whilepeoplehaveknownforyearsthatfriendshipsarecertainlygoodforyourhealth,expertssayit'sonlynaturalforacquaintancesandevenfriendstofallbythewayside（半途而廢）astimegoeson.It'snothingtofeelguiltyabout."Ofcourse,itcanbehardtochoosewho'sinyourfriendshipcircle.ThisiswhatSuzanneDegges-White,professorofcounsellingatNortherIllinoisUniversity,callsour'friendscape'.Shesays,"inlife,aswegothroughcertainstagesandages,ourattentionchanges,andwewanttobearoundpeoplewhoarelikeus."So,changingfriendsisnormal,butwestillneedthosespecialpalswho'veknownuslongterm.Thesearefriendshipsweinvesttimein.AccordingtoRobinDunbar,aprofessorofevolutionarypsychologyattheUniversityofOxford,theseareyourinnercircleoffriends—your"shoulderstocryon"—andyouhavetoseethematleastonceaweektokeeptheminthatcircle.Headdsthatthefriendsthatdodrift（漸漸疏遠(yuǎn)）aremostly"friendshipsofconvenience".Buttheadviceforkeepingagoodfriendshipistosharehowyoufeelwithsomeoneyoutrust—thiscanhelpstrengthenyourfriendshipaswellasgivingyoubothachancetosupporteachother.8.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Peopleshouldrethinkthefriendshiptheyhad.B.Theisolationisharmfultofriendship.C.Weshouldkeepintouchwitheveryfriend.D.Covid-19hasmadefriendsfeelawkward.9.WhatcanwelearnfromBryanLufkin'swords?A.Iisnecessarytostayfriends.B.ItisgoodtowriteforBBC.C.Changingfriendshipisquitenormal.D.Changingfriendshipisbadforhealth.10.WhydidtheauthorusethewordsfromSuzanne?A.SuzannewasafriendoftheauthorB.Suzanneshareddifferentpointsofview.C.Theauthorinvented"friendscape"withher.D.Theauthoraimedtostresstheviewpoint.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howtoinvesttimeinfriendship.B.Howtosupportyourfriends.C.Howtotrustyourfriends.D.Howtokeepyourfriendship.DNutrientshortagesmightnotbetheresultofpoordiet.Astudyfrom2004showedthatmanyfruitsandvegetablescontainlessprotein,iron,calcium,andvitaminCthantheydidinthe1950s,thoughcarbohydrate（碳水化合物）levelshaveincreasedoverthesametimelength.Whilesomeresearchersthinkthisdifferenceisexplainedbyfarmersgrowingsweetercultivars（品種）,othersbelieveabiggerfactorisatplay——Earth'schangingatmosphere.Earth'satmosphericcarbondioxidelevelsarerising.Withinthenext.50years,carbondioxideconcentrations（含量）areexpectedtoreach550partspermillion,whichisaboutdoubletheamountmeasuredbeforethemid-19thcentury.Farmingwillbegreatlyaffected:Researchshowsthatraisedcarbondioxidelevelswillaffect95percentofplantspecies—includingmaincrops,suchaswheat,rice,andpotatoes—by.causingessentialminerallevelstodropby6to8percent.Thoughthisdeclinemaysoundnegligible（微不足道）,itwillhavefar-reachingconsequencesforglobalhealth.Theinfluencesofanincreasinglycarbon-concentratedatmospherewerefirstobservedinzooplankton（浮游動(dòng)物）,microscopicseacreaturesthatprimarilyfeedonalgae（水藻）.Risingcarbondioxidelevelscouldalsohaveasimilareffectonlandplants'nutritionalvalue.Whentheycanmoreeasilytransformsunlightintofood,plantspackinahigherconcentrationofcarbohydratesattheexpenseofprotein,zinc,iron,andotheressentialnutrients.Willtheincreaseofcarbohydratesandconsequentdecreaseofothernutrientsinyourmealsmakeadifferenceforyourhealth?Accordingtosomeevidence,yes.Nutrient-richplantsarevitalforfightingagainsthealthproblemsaroundtheworld,andlowerlevelsinnaturalsourcesputpopulationsatrisk.Forinstance,studiesshowthat150millionpeoplemaybeatriskforproteinshortageby2050,andironshortagemayaffectabillionpregnantwomenwithinthesametimeperiod.12.Whatcausesthenutrientshortagesinfood?A.Poordiet. B.Changingatmosphere. C.Farmproduce.D.Timelength.13.Whatwillhappeninthenext50years?A.Carbondioxidewillbedoublethanthatatpresent.B.Carbondioxideofplantspecieswillincrease95%.C.Plants'minerallevelswilldropby6to8percent.DPlantsspecieswillreach550timesasmuch.14.Whatistheinfluenceofnutrient-lessplantstopeople!A.Lackofproteinlevels. B.Lackofnaturalsources.C.Lackofpregnantwomen. D.Lackofcarbohydrates.15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Earth'sAtmosphericCarbonDioxideLevelsB.ClimateChangeandPlantNutrientLevelsC.MoreFoodLeadingtoBetterHealthD.NaturalResourcesandCarbohydrate第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoInspireYourselftoAchieveTopSuccessOften,manypeoplerisetosuccessfulheightsandfall,nevertospringbackup.16_______Hereareafewwaystoinspireyourselftoachievetopsuccess.Berealisticwithyourgoals.Manypeopleacceptgoal-settingasoneoftheprimarystepsinanysuccessfuljourney.Whilegoal-settingisthefirststeptosuccess,doingitthewrongwaycansetyouseveralstepsbackandmakeyourjourneystressful.17__________18__________Ideation（構(gòu)思過程）involvestheformationofnewideasandconceptsandisanessentialprocessnfindingnewwaystocompleteyoursuccessjourney.Theprocessdoesn'tendafterdreamingofnewideas.Goingfurthertowritethemdownandbrainstormingcanhelpyouadjustthem.Notethatwell-constructedideascanmakeeffortmoremanageable,especiallywhensolvingaproblem.Asexpertsalwayssay,"Definetheproblemwell,andthesolutionwillpresentitself.'"Knowwhentomultitaskandwhentodeepfocus.It'sappealingtoengageinmultipletaskstogetthingsdone.19_________However,sometasksmayrequireextremefocusing.Seasoneddesignandwritingprofessionalsoftentakethisapproach.J.K.Rowling,forexample,spendsmanyweeksawayfromregularlifetowriteherbooks.Meditate（冥想）whenyoucan.20.___________You'relikelytoproduceverylittleresultswhenyourmindisblockedandtired.Meditationisagreatwaytoregenerateandfacilitateyourrestorationprocess.A.DreamoftheproblemsBWritedownideasandbrainstormCItpaystosetrealisticandmeasurablegoalsD.That'sthereasonwhyweneedtorisetosuccessE.RestingthemindcanbeanotherformofinspirationF.MultitaskingmaynotbeabadwayofclearingyourdeskandgeneratingresultsG.That'sbecauserisingtosuccessisonethingandmanagingthesuccessfulstageanother第二部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Perudemandedcompensation（賠償金）WednesdayfromSpanishenergygiantRepsoloveranoilspill（石油泄漏）.Itmightbecausedbysuddenandbig21fromavolcaniceruptionnearTongaintheSouthPacificbecausevolcaniceruptioncancausewaves.Authorities22threebeachesonMonday236,000barrels（桶）ofoilwerespilledduringthe24ofanoil-transportingshipatthePampillaoil-processingfactoryoffthecoastnearLima.TheRepsoloilspill"istheworst25disasterinLimainrecenttimes,andhascausedserious26tohundredsof27families.Repsolmustmakeanimmediate28fortheirloss,"theauthoritysaidonTwitter."Thisterriblesituationhasputplantsandanimals29intwoprotectedareas,"itnoted.Peruvianauthoritiesfoundlotsofdeadseaanimals30inoil.ThespillhappenedonSaturdayattheoil-processingfactoryintheLimaregion,31a3-kilometerstretchofbeaches.Officialsofthefactory32describedthespillas"limited"andsaiditwasworkingwithauthoritiesto33thebeaches."Controllingbarriersthatcoveralloftheaffected34havebeensetup.Andateamof35inseaandlandhavebeensent,"saidthefactory,which36thespillonthewavescausedbythevolcaniceruptionmorethan10,000kilometersawaybutnotabitonthemishandlingoftheworkerswhomovedtheoilbarrelsoffthe37Theoil-processingfactorycouldfacea38ofupto$32.3million,the39ministryofPerusaidonMonday.Andtheprosecutors（公訴人）haveopenedan40intothecompanyforenvironmentalpollution.21.A.fishes B.waves C.fires D.stones22.A.closed B.discovered C.destroyed D.named23.A.before B.unless C.until D.after24.A.uploading B.repairingC.offloading D.supplying25.A.agricultural B.snow C.ecological D.nuclear26.A.waste B.damage C.crime D.storm27.A.fishing B.poor C.teaching D.rich28.A.escape B.advertisement C.encouragement D.payment29.A.inadvance B.inrisk C.atrisk D.atwork30.A.measuring B.decorated C.swimming D.covered31.A.recovering B.affecting C.creating D.leaving32.A.traditionally B.proudly C.originally D.honestly33.A.cleanup B.takeup C.buildup D.cutup34.A.animals B.people C.plants D.zones35.A.specialists B.students C.journalistsD.stars36.A.impressed B.spent C.blamed D.put37.A.truck B.ship C.line D.store38.A.failure B.fine C.prize D.fund39.A.environment B.education C.finance D.defense40.A.organization B.entrance C.account D.investigation第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thanktosmartphonesandwatches,it'sneverdifficulttofindoutwhatthetimeisnowadays.However,inancienttimes,peopleweren'tabletofigureoutthetimeofdayso41______(easy).InclassicChinesemartialartsnovels,wemightsethephrase"thetimeittakestoburnanincense（香）stick"42______（usetodescribethedeadlineforacontest（比武）.Indeed,thismethodwasusedbymonks（和尚）as43________waytokeeprackoftimeduringmediation.However,youmaywonderhowlong44________takestoburnanincensestick.Ofcourse,itdependsonmanyfactors,suchastheairtemperatureandwindspeed.Generallyhowever,thephrase"toburnanincensestick"45___________(suggest)onehour.Therearealsoothersimilarphrases,suchas"thetimeittakestodrinkacupoftea",46_________meanstimeforhotteatocooldownbeforeonecandrinkit.Itisabout10to15minutes.Butasthe47__________(year)havegoneby,people48________(change)thedefinitionsoftheseancienttime-tellingmethods.InancientChina,"thetimeittakestoeatameal"49________(be)aboutanhour.Thesedays,withourfast-pacedlifestyles,50________(eat)amealusuallytakesaroundhalfthattime.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié),滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加∶在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（/\）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除∶把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改∶在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意∶1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Recently,Itookpartabasketballcompetition.Wehadtomakesomanyshotsaspossible.Whentheotherplayersbegantoshoot,Ibecomeverynervous.Everyonewas·doingitperfectly.Iwasworriedthatyouwouldfailtomakeanyshot.Thenitwasmyturn.Myheartwasbeatinghard.Myhandsweretrembling.Suddenly,Iheardmyclassmateshouting,"Comeon!Go!"Theywerecheeringforme.Thatmademefeelabitmoreconfidently.Iaimedatthebasketorthrewtheballwithoutthink.Tomysurprised,Imadetheshot.Intheend,Igotsixpoints,whiletheotherplayersonlygotfive.Iwassoexcited!Thisexperiencehelpedmeunderstandthatyoushouldn'tbetoomoreshywhenyou'retryingsomething.第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）假如你是李華,請(qǐng)你按照以下要點(diǎn)給你的英國筆友Tom寫一封信。1.你近期所做的一個(gè)決定;2.做出這個(gè)決定的原因3.你是如何執(zhí)行的。注意∶1.詞數(shù)100字左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫;3.開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearTom,Howiseverythinggoing?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Allthebest!Yours,LiHua貴陽市2022年高三適應(yīng)性考試（一）英語試題參考答案與評(píng)分建議第一、二部分（1—20題∶共20小題,每小題2分;滿分40分）1-3CCB 4-7BADC 8-11ACDD 12--15BCAB 16-20GCBFE（21—40題∶共20小題,每小題1.5分;