2024北京石景山高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)試題及答案

試題PAGE1試題2024北京石景山高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)本試卷共10頁(yè),共100分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答,在試卷上作答無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Itisnotalwayseasytodiscoveryourself.Fromayoungage,IhadastrongsenseofwhoIwouldbecome—butanaccidentchangedeverything.Tome,skatingwasmoreimportantthananythingelseintheworld.Nothingelsefilledmyheartwithsomuch____1____.Ispent24hoursaweek____2____myskills.Ihadnosociallifeorinterestsotherthanskating.ButIwasrewardedwithfirstplacemedalsinnearlyevery____3____.Unfortunately,duringonecompetition,Ifellandwasbadlyhurt.ThedoctortoldmethatIcouldn’tskateanymore.Thepaininmybackwashardtobearandevenbasicdailytasksbecame____4____.Mypassion(激情)hadbeentakenaway.IlostheartandhadnoideawhatIwouldbecome.Aftereightmonthsofsuffering,somethinghadto____5____.Insteadofsittingaroundandwastingmydays,Ibegantoworkwithlocalcommunityserviceprojects.Byvolunteeringasaswimmingteacherandsummerreadingassistant(助教)forkids,IgotanideaofwhoIwantedto____6____.Afterafewmonths,Ifoundanew____7____.Littlebylittle,Isteppedoutoftheshadowand____8____myconfidence.Sometimes,____9____inlifewillgetinourway.Wecanchoosetostaybehindortrytogetpastthesechallenges.Myaccidentwasachallengethatfailedtostopmefrom____10____success.Today,I’maveryconfidentandoptimisticperson.1.A.joy B.noise C.pain D.surprise2.A.proving B.testing C.developing D.teaching3.A.meeting B.competition C.action D.lesson4.A.strong B.interesting C.surprising D.difficult5.A.return B.disappear C.change D.share6.A.help B.become C.see D.trust7.A.study B.game C.wish D.interest8.A.rebuilt B.offered C.expressed D.lost9.A.goals B.values C.challenges D.experiences10.A.celebrating B.holding C.choosing D.reaching第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分)閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。A閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Nowadays,thereexistsacommonscene.Aman___11___(walk)onthesidewalk,asmartphoneinhandandfullyabsorbedinthedigitalworld.Justas___12___computersachievedbefore,smartphones_____13_____(change)ourlifenow.B閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AlexanderFlemingwasborn___14___August6,1881,onafarmnearDarvel,Scotland.Whenhewastwenty,FlemingtookanentranceexaminationformedicalschoolandscoredthehighestofallstudentsintheUK.Offeredhischoicesofschools,Fleming___15___(choose)theoneatStMary'sHospitalinLondon.Inthefallof1928,thepenicillin(青霉素)___16___(discover)byFleming.HereceivedtheNobelPrizeformedicinein1945becausethepenicillinsavedthe____17____(life)ofthousandsofwoundedpeopleduringWorldWarⅡ.C閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Recyclingpaperisagreatwaytohelptheenvironment,butreusingthingsmadefrompaperisevenbetter.Takeacopyofmagazine,forexample.Onceyoufinish____18____(read)it,don’tputitinyourrecyclingbin.Instead,considersharingitwithpeople____19____haven’treadit,orgivingittoyourschoollibrarysothatyourclassmatescantakealook.Maybe,youcouldfindacompletely___20___(difference)useforthemagazine’spages.Somereadershaveusedthemtowrapgiftsfortheirfriendsandfamily.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分,共28分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ACarefullyplaywithpetsDoyouhaveapet?Manychildrenlikepetsandeventreatthemlikehumanssometimes.Theymayliketokissorhug(擁抱)theirpets.Butthiscanmakeyousick,accordingtoDailyMail.Kissingorhuggingpetssuchasdogsandcatscancausepeopletotakeindrug-resistantbacteria(耐藥細(xì)菌),Britishscientistssaid.Manypetownersgivetheirpetsantibiotics(抗生素)whentheygetsick.Buttakingantibioticstoooftencanaffect(影響)thebacteriainsideyourpct.Thebacteriacanbecomedrugresistant.Whenpeoplekissorhugtheirpets,thiskindofbacteriacanmovetothemandmakethemsick.Closerelationshipsbetweenpetownersandtheirpetsareimportant.Butifpetownersfollowtherulesbelow,theywillnotgetsick.Rulesforplaying·Donotkissyourpetsonthemouth.·Donotletyourpetslick(舔)yourmouthornose.·Washyourhandsaftertouchingandplayingwithyourpets.·Ifyouhaveawound,coverit.Thisway,bacteriacannotpassontoyoufromyourpet.21.AccordingtoDailyMail,kissingorhuggingpetscanmakepeoplefeel___________.A.sad B.sick C.happy D.sleepy22.Whyisitdangeroustotakeindrug-resistantbacteriafrompets?A.Becausehumanscan'tuseantibiotics.B.Becausethesebacteriaaren'tharmfultopeople.C.Becausepetsmaydieiftheylosethesebacteria.D.Becauseantibioticscan'tbeusedagainstthesebacteria.23.Manypetownersliketokissorhugtheirpetsto______________.A.improvetheirrelationships B.showtheirtrueloveforchildrenC.maketheirpetsfeelimportant D.reducethestressofbusylifestyles24.Whatlessondoesthepassageteachus?A.Don'tkissorhugourpets. B.Don'tgiveantibioticstoourpets.C.Don'tkeeppetsinsideyourhome. D.Don'tbecomedrug-resistant.BMathhadneverbeensomethingIwasgoodatsincemiddleschool.Classesbecameharderinhighschool,andIwasevenfurtherfromamathteacher’sdreamstudent.Soatthestartofmyfreshmanyear,Ihadanaversiontomath.Itwasn’tthatIdidn’twanttodowell,butsimplythatIdidn’tthinkIwasabletodowell.“Ican’t“becamemystateofmindinallthingsrelatedtomath.However,Iwassoontolearnthat“Ican’t”wasnotachoiceinMr.A’sclass.Mr.Aalwaysgreeteduswithopenarmsashesaid,“Welcome!Smile!It’sagreatdaytobealive!”ItwasclearthatMr.Ahadatruepassionnotonlyformathbutforteaching.IfMr.Aeverexperiencedbaddaysinlife,henevershowedit.Mr.Agreeteduswiththatsamesmileeveryday.Heencouragedeachstudent,fromthetopachievertothe“Ican’t”student.Ifoundmyselflookingforwardtomathclass,althoughIstillhatedthesubjectitself.BeinginMr.A’spresencemademefeelgood,asifIhadthechancetosucceed.Astheyearprogressed,Ispentincreasinglymoretimeonmyhomework,andImetwithMr.Aweekly.Myclassmatesbegantodothesame,anditbecame“cool”tohavelunchandtalkwithMr.A.Wedidn’tknowitatthetime,buthewaschangingourattitudes.ThoughmystoryisnotoneofovernightsuccessandIdidn’tbecomeastraight-Amathstudent,myhardworkdidbegintopayoffandmygradesslowlybegantoclimb.Therewerehardtimes,ofcourse.Difficultmathquestionssometimessucceededinbringingmedown,butMr.Akeptremindingme,“Kate,smile!It’sagreatdaytobealive!”25.Whatdoestheword“aversion”underlinedinparagraph1probablymean?A.interest. B.preference. C.misunderstanding. D.dislike.26.Whatfirstmadetheauthorlookforwardtomathclass?A.Mr.A’sattitude. B.Herinterestinmath.C.Herfriends’encouragement. D.Thetopachieversinherclass.27.HowdidtheauthorfeelabouthertalkoverlunchwithMr.A?A.Itwasstraight. B.Itwasefficient. C.Itwaschallenging. D.Itwasimpressive.CImagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?”Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofthesamecoin.Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.Likethechildonthedivingboard,youwillstayundecided.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyousetyourgoals.Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.Thiscanaffectyourwork.So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.Yourpersonalcircumstancesareequallyimportant.Forexample,youmaywanttobeapilotbutcan'tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftosetafreshgoal.Youwillsurelyneedtoovercomesomedifficulties,someplanned,butmostunplanned.Youcannotovercomethemwithoutamplemotivation.Makesurethatyouplanforthesedifficultiesatthetimeofsettingyourgoals.28.Whatshouldyoudowhenyourheartisnotinyourwork?A.Takeabreakandcancelthetask. B.Ignorethefeelingandpushthrough.C.Reflectandmakeyourthoughtsclear. D.Speedupandfinishthetaskquickly.29.Accordingtothepassage,whyaremeasurablegoalsimportant?A.Toavoidsettinganygoals. B.Tomakethegoalsmorechallenging.C.Toimpressotherswithachievements. D.Tochangegoalsasthingsaroundyouchange.30.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Settingandachievinggoalswisely.B.Motivationandgoalsettinggohandinhand.C.Overcomingplannedandunplanneddifficulties.D.Changingyourgoalswhenthingsaroundyouchange.DAnewstudyinthejournalofTourismAnalysisshowsfrequenttravelersarehappierwiththeirlivesthanpeoplewhodon'ttravelatall.Chun-ChuChen,anassistantprofessoratWashingtonStateUniversity,conductedasurveytofindoutwhysomeindividualstravelmorefrequentlythanothersandwhetherornottravelandtourismexperienceshavealastingeffectonhappinessandwellness.Additionally,participantsinthesurveywhoreportedregularlytravelingatleast75milesawayfromhomealsoreportedbeingabout7%happierwhenaskedabouttheiroverallwell-beingthanthosewhoreportedtravelingveryrarelyornotatall.Theresultsofhisanalysisshowindividualswhopaymoreattentiontotourism-relatedinformationandfrequentlydiscusstheirtravelplanswithfriendsaremorelikelytogoonregularvacationsthanthosewhoaren’tconstantlythinkingabouttheirnexttrip.“Whilethingslikework,familylifeandfriendsplayabiggerroleinoverallreportsofwell-being.Theaccumulation(積累)oftravelexperiences’doesappeartohaveasmallyetnoticeableeffectonself-reportedlifesatisfaction,”Chensaid.Participantsinthestudywereaskedabouttheimportanceoftravelintheirlives,howmuchtimetheyspentlookinginto'andplanningfuturevacations,andhowmanytripstheywentonoverayear.Theywerealsoaskedabouttheirlifesatisfaction.Outofthe500surveyparticipants,alittleoverhalfreportedgoingonmorethanfourpleasuretripsayear.Only7%ofrespondentsdidnottakeanyvacations.Astravelrestrictions(限制)duetoCOVID-19pandemicbegintorelaxinthefuture,theresearchcould.haveimportanteffectsonbothtouristsandthetourismindustry.Basedontheresultsofthestudy,Chensaidtravelcompanies,resortsandevenairlines,couldlaunchsocialmediacampaigns,suchascreatingsignsaboutthescientificbenefitsofvacation,tosparkpeople’sinterestindiscussingtheiropinionsabouttravel.31.Whatisthebenefitoffrequenttravellingaccordingtothestudy?A.Gettingmoretourisminformation. B.Makingmorefriends.C.Betteringtourismindustry. D.Improvingone'swell-being.32.WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.Whytheprofessorcarriedoutthestudy.B.Howtheparticipantsfeltaboutthesurvey.C.Whattheparticipantswereinterviewedabout.D.Whattheparticipantspannedtodointhefuture.33.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Tourismindustryshouldimprovetheirservice.B.Theresultsofthestudywillbenefittourismindustry.C.COVID-19pandemicwillbemoreseriousinthefuture.D.PeoplewillliveahappierlifeafterCOVID-19pandemic.34.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TravelmoreandbehappierB.MakegooduseoftravellingC.PrepareforthetourismdevelopmentD.Maketravelplanswithfriends第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分,共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Rainforestscoversixpercentoftheearth’ssurface.Therearerainforestsinmanypartsoftheworld,butthebiggestforestsareinSouthAmerica,AfricaandSouthEastAsia.Therearen'tanyrainforestsinEuropeorNorthAmerica.About75%ofallthetypesofanimalscomefromrainforests.____35____Therearemanybeautifulbirds,insectsandreptiles.Manyofthemliveinthetrees,over30metersfromtheground.Therearealsothousandsofdifferentplants—andlotsofthemaretalltrees!Itisalwayshotinarainforestandthegroundisalwayswet.____36____Therainforestsareveryimportantforus.Weneedthem!Thetreesandotherplantsintheforesthelptomaketheairthatwebreathe.____37____Theygiveuswood,rubber,fruitsandmanyofourmedicines._____38_____Forexample,manyyearsagotherewasalargerainforestinJava.Therewerethousandsofdifferentplantsandanimalsintheforest,butnowthereisnothing.Peoplecutdownthetreesbecausetheywantedtogrowrice.Theyalsowantedtogrowrubbertreestomakerubber.Manyanimalslivedintherainforest.SomeofthemwenttootherpartsofJava,butmanyofthemdisappeared—forever._____39_____Therainforestsareindanger!A.Itisalsoverydarkthere.B.Theyalsohelptocontroltheweather.C.Theycutdowntheforesttomakeroads.D.Manyforestpeopletrytosavetheirforests.E.Thousandsandthousandsofanimalsliveinrainforests.F.Unfortunately,inmanyplaces,therainforestsareindanger.G.Thesamethingishappeningnowinmanyotherpartsoftheworld.第三部分：書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié),32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題；第1-2題每小題2分,第3題3分,第4題5分,共12分)閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容在答題卡相應(yīng)題號(hào)后的橫線上寫下相關(guān)信息,完成對(duì)該問(wèn)題的回答。Catherinewasthecoolestkidinherclass.Whenevershewent,shewasinthespotlight,withabunchofkidsfollowingheranddoingeverythingshedid.Herdeskmate,Landy,however,wasnotinthecoolkids'group.Beingthetallestkidintheclass,shewasteased(嘲笑)byherclassmates,whowerealwayschanting“Landy,Landy,longasspaghetti(意大利面)”.EverytimeLandyheardthosesillychants,shecouldfeelherfaceburstintoflames.Howshewishedthegroundtocrackandswallowher!Catherinedidn’treallylikeitwhenthekidschanted“Landy,Landy,longasspaghetti”.Butshenevertoldthemtostopeither,andnordidsheevertalktoLandy.Shelikedbeingpopular.Oneweekend,Catherinewentovertohergrandfather.Hergrandfatherlivesonafarmattheoppositeendoftown,wherehekeepschickens.Whilehelpingtofeedthechickens,Catherinenoticedaspecialone.Curlinginthecorner,itlookedsmallerthantheothersandwasalmosthalf-bare!(半禿)“What’sthematterwithit?”Sheaskedhergrandfather,withapuzzledfrownonherface.Hergrandfathertoldherhowchickenscouldact.“Theyhaveapecking(啄)order.”heexplained,“Ifonechickenisdifferent,theotherswillpushitawayandkeeppeckingit.Sometimestheypeckitsomuchthatitdies.”“Oh,whatapoorlittlething!”Catherineletoutasighasshescooped(捧起)thefrightenedchickenupinherarms.Suddenly,shethoughtofLandy!Shewasjustlikethepoorlittlechicken,beingteasedandignoredbyherclassmates,merelyduetoherspecialheight.CatherinedecidedtomakeanapologytoLandywiththekidsfollowingherthenextMonday.40.WhathappenedtoLandy?_______________________________________________________________________________41.WhydidCatherinedonothingwhenotherkidschanted?_______________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.>Afterseeingthehalf-barechicken,CatherinedecidedtohelpLandyovercomethedifficulties._______________________________________________________________________________43.TohelpthekidslikeLandy,whatsuggestionswouldyoumake?(Inabout40words)_______________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(20分)44.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高一學(xué)生李華。你的英國(guó)筆友Jim給你的郵件中提到他對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日很感興趣,并請(qǐng)你介紹一個(gè)你喜歡的中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。請(qǐng)你給Jim回信,內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹哪個(gè)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日：2.中國(guó)人怎么慶祝這個(gè)節(jié)日：3.你為什么喜歡這個(gè)節(jié)日。注意：1、詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,I’mverydelightedtoknowyouareinterestedintraditionalChinesefestivals.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YoursLiHua

參考答案第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分)【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.D5.C6.B7.D8.A9.C10.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因?yàn)橐粓?chǎng)事故被迫中止自己熱愛的滑冰運(yùn)動(dòng)，作者因此對(duì)生活消極絕望，最后通過(guò)志愿者工作改變了自己，并變得樂(lè)觀自信。【1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒(méi)有什么比這更讓我高興的了。A.joy快樂(lè)；B.noise噪音；C.pain疼痛；D.surprise驚訝。根據(jù)前文“Tome,skatingwasmoreimportantthananythingelseintheworld.”可知，對(duì)作者來(lái)說(shuō)，滑冰比世界上任何事情都重要，所以應(yīng)是“沒(méi)有什么比這更讓我高興的了”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我每周花24小時(shí)來(lái)提高我的技能。A.proving證明；B.testing測(cè)試；C.developing發(fā)展；D.teaching教育。根據(jù)前文“Ispent24hoursaweek”以及后文“myskills”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，應(yīng)是每周花24小時(shí)來(lái)提高技能。符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我?guī)缀踉诿恳豁?xiàng)比賽中都獲得了第一名的獎(jiǎng)牌。A.meeting會(huì)議；B.competition比賽；C.action行動(dòng)；D.lesson課程。根據(jù)前文“ButIwasrewardedwithfirstplacemedals”可知，應(yīng)是在比賽中獲得了第一名的獎(jiǎng)牌。故選B項(xiàng)。【4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：背部的疼痛讓我難以忍受，甚至連基本的日常工作都變得困難起來(lái)。A.strong強(qiáng)的；B.interesting有趣的；C.surprising令人驚訝的；D.difficult困難的。根據(jù)前文“Thepaininmybackwashardtobear”可知，作者傷的很重，所以是基本的日常工作都變得困難起來(lái)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：八個(gè)月的痛苦之后，有些事情必須改變。A.return返回；B.disappear消失；C.change改變；D.share共享。根據(jù)前文“IlostheartandhadnoideawhatIwouldbecome.”以及后文“Afterafewmonths,Ifoundanew7.”可知，前文作者失去了信心，后文講找到了新的興趣，所以是發(fā)生了改變。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：通過(guò)志愿擔(dān)任孩子們的游泳老師和暑期閱讀助理，我對(duì)自己想成為什么樣的人有了想法。A.help幫助；B.became變成；C.see看見；D.trust信任。根據(jù)前文“IlostheartandhadnoideawhatIwouldbecome.”可知，作者因?yàn)槭軅?，不知道自己?huì)變成什么樣子，但是現(xiàn)在對(duì)自己想成為什么樣的人有了想法。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個(gè)月后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)新的興趣。A.study學(xué)習(xí)；B.game游戲；C.wish愿望；D.interest興趣。根據(jù)前文“ThedoctortoldmethatIcouldn’tskateanymore.”結(jié)合前文內(nèi)容可知，作者本來(lái)很喜歡滑冰，但是后來(lái)不能滑冰了，失去了自己的興趣，所以此處應(yīng)是重新發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)新的興趣。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，我走出了陰影，重建了信心。A.rebuild重建；B.offered提供；C.expressed表達(dá)；D.lost失去。根據(jù)前文“Mypassion(激情)hadbeentakenaway.IlostheartandhadnoideawhatIwouldbecome.”可知，之前作者失去信心，所以此處是重建了信心。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)候，生活中的挑戰(zhàn)會(huì)擋住我們的路。A.goals目標(biāo)；B.values價(jià)值觀；C.challenges挑戰(zhàn)；D.experiences經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)后文“Wecanchoosetostaybehindortrytogetpastthesechallenges.”可知，生活中的挑戰(zhàn)會(huì)擋住我們的路。故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的意外是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，但它沒(méi)能阻止我走向成功。A.celebrating慶祝；B.holding持有；C.choosing選擇；D.reaching抵達(dá)。根據(jù)后文“Today,I’maveryconfidentandoptimisticperson.”可知，作者變得自信，所以是沒(méi)能阻止他走向成功。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分)【答案】11.walks12.what13.arechanging##havebeenchanging【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了現(xiàn)在智能手機(jī)對(duì)人們生活的影響?！?1題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：一個(gè)男人走在人行道上，手里拿著一部智能手機(jī)，全神貫注于數(shù)字世界。分析句子可知，walk是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)前句“Nowadays,thereexistsacommonscene.(如今，有一個(gè)普遍的場(chǎng)景。)”可知，這里陳述的是習(xí)慣性、一般性的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語(yǔ)為Aman，所以謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用單數(shù)。故填walks?！?2題詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：正如計(jì)算機(jī)以前所取得的成就一樣，智能手機(jī)現(xiàn)在正在改變我們的生活。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空處引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，作as的賓語(yǔ)。且從句中缺少achieved的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。故填what?！?3題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意參考上題。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“now”可知，這里可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的事情，也可用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某時(shí)開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還有可能繼續(xù)下去。主語(yǔ)為smartphones，所以謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填arechanging/havebeenchanging?！敬鸢浮?4.on15.chose16.wasdiscovered17.lives【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文講述了蘇格蘭科學(xué)家亞歷山大·弗萊明的生平和重要科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。【14題詳解】考查介詞。句意：亞歷山大·弗萊明于1881年8月6日出生在蘇格蘭達(dá)維爾附近的一個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，bebornon為固定短語(yǔ)，含義為“出生于……”，符合句意，故填on?！?5題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：20歲時(shí)，F(xiàn)leming參加了醫(yī)學(xué)院的入學(xué)考試，在英國(guó)所有學(xué)生中得分最高。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作謂語(yǔ)，因句子表示的是一個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填chose。【16題詳解】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：1928年秋天，弗萊明發(fā)現(xiàn)了青霉素。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作謂語(yǔ)，且與主語(yǔ)thepenicillin之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Inthefallof1928可知句子表達(dá)的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，又因主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)，故填wasdiscovered?！?7題詳解】考查名詞。句意：1945年，他獲得了諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，因?yàn)榍嗝顾卦诘诙问澜绱髴?zhàn)期間拯救了數(shù)千名傷員的生命。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空白處在句子中作賓語(yǔ)，使用名詞，根據(jù)下文“thousandsofwoundedpeople(數(shù)千名傷員)”可知空白處應(yīng)填名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填lives。【答案】18.reading19.who##that20.different【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇議論文。主題為提倡紙的重復(fù)使用以減少環(huán)境污染?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：一旦你讀完它，不要把它扔進(jìn)垃圾箱。此處是固定搭配：finishdoingsth.意為“完成某事”。故填reading【19題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：相反，你可以考慮與沒(méi)有讀過(guò)這本書的人分享，或者把它交給學(xué)校圖書館，讓你的同學(xué)也能看一看。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是people，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，用that或者who引導(dǎo)。故填that或者who?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：也許，你可以為這本雜志的頁(yè)面找到一個(gè)完全不同的用途?？蘸笫敲~，所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語(yǔ)，difference的形容詞形式是different。故填different。第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分,共28分)【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了親吻或擁抱寵物可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們攝入耐藥性細(xì)菌，并給出了幾條規(guī)則來(lái)避免這種情況?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Theymayliketokissorhug(擁抱)theirpets.Butthiscanmakeyousick,accordingtoDailyMail.(但據(jù)《每日郵報(bào)》報(bào)道，這可能會(huì)讓你生病。)”可知，據(jù)《每日郵報(bào)》報(bào)道，親吻或擁抱寵物會(huì)讓人生病，故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Buttakingantibioticstoooftencanaffect(影響)thebacteriainsideyourpct.Thebacteriacanbecomedrugresistant.Whenpeoplekissorhugtheirpets,thiskindofbacteriacanmovetothemandmakethemsick.(但是經(jīng)常服用抗生素會(huì)影響寵物體內(nèi)的細(xì)菌。這種細(xì)菌會(huì)產(chǎn)生耐藥性。當(dāng)人們親吻或擁抱他們的寵物時(shí)，這種細(xì)菌會(huì)移動(dòng)到它們身上，使它們生病)”可知，從寵物身上來(lái)的抗藥性細(xì)菌很危險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)檫@些細(xì)菌已經(jīng)有了抗藥性，抗生素不能用來(lái)對(duì)付這些細(xì)菌，故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Manychildrenlikepetsandeventreatthemlikehumanssometimes.Theymayliketokissorhug(擁抱)theirpets.(許多孩子喜歡寵物，有時(shí)甚至像對(duì)待人類一樣對(duì)待它們)”可推理出，許多寵物主人喜歡親吻或擁抱他們的寵物是為了改善他們的關(guān)系，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Whenpeoplekissorhugtheirpets,thiskindofbacteriacanmovetothemandmakethemsick.(當(dāng)人們親吻或擁抱他們的寵物時(shí)，這種細(xì)菌會(huì)移動(dòng)到它們身上，使它們生病)”以及最后一段“Donotkissyourpetsonthemouth(不要親吻寵物的嘴)”、“Donotletyourpetslick(舔)yourmouthornose.(不要讓寵物舔你的嘴或者鼻子)”可知，本文給我們的教訓(xùn)是不要親吻或擁抱動(dòng)物，故選A項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?5.D26.A27.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者不擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)，并且厭惡數(shù)學(xué)，但大一時(shí)A老師讓作者改變了態(tài)度，于是成績(jī)開始慢慢上升?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“MathhadneverbeensomethingIwasgoodatsincemiddleschool.Classesbecameharderinhighschool,andIwasevenfurtherfromamathteacher’sdreamstudent.(從中學(xué)開始，我就不擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)。高中的課程越來(lái)越難，我離數(shù)學(xué)老師理想中的學(xué)生更遠(yuǎn)了)”可知，作者不擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)，而高中的數(shù)學(xué)課很難，所以上大學(xué)以后，作者不喜歡數(shù)學(xué)。故劃線詞意思是“不喜歡”。故選D?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Mr.Aalwaysgreeteduswithopenarmsashesaid,“Welcome!Smile!It’sagreatdaytobealive!”ItwasclearthatMr.Ahadatruepassionnotonlyformathbutforteaching.IfMr.Aeverexperiencedbaddaysinlife,henevershowedit.Mr.Agreeteduswiththatsamesmileeveryday.(A老師總是張開雙臂歡迎我們，他說(shuō):“歡迎！微笑！活著真是太棒了!”很明顯，A老師不僅對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)很有熱情，而且對(duì)教學(xué)也很有熱情。如果A老師在生活中經(jīng)歷過(guò)糟糕的日子，他從來(lái)沒(méi)有表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。A先生每天都用同樣的微笑迎接我們)”可知，A老師的態(tài)度首先讓作者期待上數(shù)學(xué)課。故選A。【27題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Myclassmatesbegantodothesame,anditbecame“cool”tohavelunchandtalkwithMr.A.Wedidn’tknowitatthetime,buthewaschangingourattitudes.(我的同學(xué)們也開始這樣做，和A老師一起吃午飯聊天變得很“酷”，我們當(dāng)時(shí)并不知道，但他正在改變我們的態(tài)度)”可知，作者對(duì)她與A老師共進(jìn)午餐的談話印象深刻。故選D?！敬鸢浮?8.C29.D30.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要通過(guò)一個(gè)跳水的例子展開論述了動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)的重要性，以及如何設(shè)定現(xiàn)實(shí)目標(biāo)的方法?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.Thiscanaffectyourwork.So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity(清晰)ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.(有時(shí)候，你的心不在工作上。這會(huì)影響你的工作。所以，慢下來(lái)，想想你在那一刻真正想做什么。清晰的思想可以幫助你前進(jìn))”可知，當(dāng)你的心不在工作上時(shí)，應(yīng)該反思并使你的想法清晰。故選C?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.(記住，目標(biāo)是靈活的。他們可以根據(jù)情況而改變。它們還需要是可衡量的)”可知，可衡量的目標(biāo)很重要是因?yàn)榭梢噪S著周圍事物的變化而改變目標(biāo)。故選D。【30題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第一段“Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?”Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofthesamecoin.Withoutmotivation,youcanneithersetagoalnorreachit.(想象一下，一個(gè)孩子站在四英尺高的跳板上，問(wèn)自己：“我應(yīng)該跳下去嗎？”這就是動(dòng)機(jī)或缺乏動(dòng)機(jī)所能做的。動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)設(shè)定是同一枚硬幣的兩面。沒(méi)有動(dòng)力，你既不能設(shè)定目標(biāo)，也不能實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo))”可知，文章主要通過(guò)一個(gè)跳水的例子展開論述了動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)的重要性，以及如何設(shè)定現(xiàn)實(shí)目標(biāo)的方法。由此可知，這篇文章主要講了動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)是相輔相成的。故選B。【答案】31.D32.C33.B34.A【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文?！堵糜畏治鲭s志》上的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，經(jīng)常旅游的人比那些根本不旅游的人對(duì)自己的生活更幸福。頻繁旅游可以改善人們的生活，使人變得更快樂(lè)。【31題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AnewstudyinthejournalofTourismAnalysisshowsfrequenttravelersarehappierwiththeirlivesthanpeoplewhodon’ttravelatall.(《旅游分析雜志》上的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，經(jīng)常旅游的人比那些根本不旅游的人對(duì)自己的生活更幸福)”可知，根據(jù)研究表明，頻繁旅游的給人帶來(lái)的好處是改善生活，使人變得更幸福。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Participantsinthestudywereaskedabouttheimportanceoftravelintheirlives,howmuchtimetheyspentlookingintoandplanningfuturevacations,andhowmanytripstheywentonoverayear.Theywerealsoaskedabouttheirlifesatisfaction.(參與這項(xiàng)研究的人被問(wèn)及旅行在他們生活中的重要性，他們花了多少時(shí)間考慮和計(jì)劃未來(lái)的假期，以及他們?cè)谝荒昀镞M(jìn)行了多少次旅行。他們也被問(wèn)及他們的生活滿意度)”可知，本段的主要內(nèi)容是參與者被問(wèn)到的內(nèi)容。故選C項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Astravelrestrictions(限制)duetoCOVID-19pandemicbegintorelaxinthefuture,theresearchcould.haveimportanteffectsonbothtouristsandthetourismindustry.(隨著COVID-19大流行導(dǎo)致的旅行限制在未來(lái)開始放松，該研究可能對(duì)游客和旅游業(yè)產(chǎn)生重要影響)”可知，研究結(jié)果將對(duì)旅游業(yè)有益。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“AnewstudyinthejournalofTourismAnalysisshowsfrequenttravelersarehappierwiththeirlivesthanpeoplewhodon’ttravelatall.(《旅游分析雜志》上的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，經(jīng)常旅游的人比那些根本不旅游的人對(duì)自己的生活更幸福)”可知，文章的主旨是旅游越多，人的生活越快樂(lè)，全文內(nèi)容對(duì)此觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析和研究佐證，所以A項(xiàng)“多旅行，更快樂(lè)”符合文章主旨，適合作為本文的標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分,共10分)【答案】35.E36.A37.B38.F39.G【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了熱帶雨林的分布、動(dòng)植物資源、環(huán)境條件、面臨的危險(xiǎn)?！?5題詳解】前文“About75%ofallthetypesofanimalscomefromrainforests.(大約75%的動(dòng)物物種來(lái)自熱帶雨林。)”講述了熱帶雨林的動(dòng)物種類大約占75%，后文“Therearemanybeautifulbirds,insectsandreptiles.(這里有許多美麗的鳥類、昆蟲和爬行動(dòng)物。)”講述了熱帶雨林里有許多鳥類、昆蟲和爬行動(dòng)物。由此可知，空處應(yīng)與熱帶雨林的動(dòng)物有關(guān)，E項(xiàng)“成千上萬(wàn)的動(dòng)物生活在熱帶雨林中?！狈项}意。故選E?！?6題詳解】前文“Itisalwayshotinarainforestandthegroundisalwayswet.(雨林里總是很熱，地面總是潮濕的。)”講述了雨林的環(huán)境條件，A項(xiàng)“那里也很黑?！边M(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充前文。故選A?！?7題詳解】前文“Weneedthem!Thetreesandotherplantsintheforesthelptomaketheairthatwebreathe.(我們需要它們！森林中的樹木和其他植物有助于制造我們呼吸的空氣。)”講述了我們需要雨林，森林中的植物制造我們呼吸的空氣，空處應(yīng)講述雨林的其他的作用，B項(xiàng)“它們也有助于控制天氣。”符合題意。故選B。【38題詳解】后文“Forexample,manyyearsagotherewasalargerainforestinJava.Therewerethousandsofdifferentplantsandanimalsintheforest,butnowthereisnothing.(例如，許多年前，爪哇島有一大片熱帶雨林。森林里有成千上萬(wàn)種不同的植物和動(dòng)物，但現(xiàn)在什么都沒(méi)有了。)”列舉了爪哇島熱帶雨林消失的例子，由此可知，空處應(yīng)講述許多地方的雨林處于危險(xiǎn)之中。F項(xiàng)“不幸的是，在許多地方，熱帶雨林正處于危險(xiǎn)之中?！狈项}意。故選F?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Peoplecutdownthetreesbecausetheywantedtogrowrice.Theyalsowantedtogrowrubbertreestomaker