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浙江省2024年中考英語真題閱卷人一、第二部分,閱讀理解,第一節(jié)閱讀理解,閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。(共15小題,每小題2分,滿分30分得分閱讀理解Let'stalkaboutBEINGYOURSELFMindTool★Remember,youarespecial!Therehasbeenonlyone"yousincethebeginningoftime.★Theworldismorecolorfulbecausewearealldifferent.Weshouldrespectthespecialqualities(品質(zhì))offriends,familymembersandstrangers.★Eventhoughwearealldifferent,wehavethingsincommontoo!KateBrownMary:Ilovereadingandcomingupwithcreativeideas!Justin:lreallylikeplayingfootball.Doingsportsout-doorsisamazingtome!Linda:Musicmakesmefeelgood,soIexpressmyselfbywritingsongs!OurSuggestionsDoWHATYOULOVE!Showyourtalents!It'simportanttoletothersknowyourtalents.Thatmakesyouspecial.Getcreative!Nooneelsecanmakethingsexactlylikeyou.Everythingyoucreatehasyourown"fingerprint"(指紋;特點)onit.Dresstoexpress!Whatclotheswouldyouliketowearifyouhadthechoice?Whatcolorwouldyouputontogether?Youdon'thavetofollowothers!Keepadiary!Draw,writeandstickinpicturestoexpressyourself!KateBrownisanexpert(專家)ofourmagazine.Shehelpsstudentstobuildupbothmindandbody.Visitherwebsiteformoreinformation:1.WhatdoesJustinenjoydoing?A.Singingsongs. B.Playingsports.C.Readingbooks. D.Drawingpictures.2.Whichsuggestionisfromthetext?A.Letothersknowyourtalents. B.Keepyourdiaryclean.C.wearyourclotheslikeothers. D.Lookafteryourfingerprints3.Inwhichpartofthemagazinecanwereadthetext?A.StoryTime. B.ArtandMusic.C.SportsNews. D.TalkswithExperts.閱讀理解PormpaweeisafanoftraditionalChineseculture.SheisamongthousandsofyoungpeopleinThailandwhohavelearnedMandarin(普通話).AndshehasbeenwatchingMandarininacreativeway.makinglearningmoreenjoyableInrecentyears,moreyoungpeopleinThailandaretryingtolearnaboutChinathroughsocialmedia,moviesandTVprograms,andhanfuisverypopularwithPompawee'sstudents.That'swhereshehasgothernewideaofteaching.SheshareswiththemthislatestChinesefashion(時尚)inclass,helpingthemlearnaboutthecultureaswellasthelanguageitself.Mandarinislikeakey.helpingmetoopenthedoortounderstandChina,"shesaid.PormpaweedevelopedalovefortheChineselanguageattheageof13.Whenshewasinhighschool,shemadeanimportantdecision—learningMandarinatcollege.Now35-year-oldPormpaweehastaughtMandarinforover10years.PornpaweevisitedChinaforthefirsttimewhileshewasintheuniversity.ShefoundChinesefoodsogreat.BeforetravellingtoChina,PornpaweehadonlyheardofafewChinesedishes,suchashotpotandjiaozi.Shewasamazedbythekinds,thetastesandtheChinesewaysofcooking."Chinesepeopleareverykindtoforeigners.DuringmyfirstvisittoChina,myChinesefriendsandtheirfamiliesalwaystookgoodcareofmeandkeptaskingwhetherIwasusedtothelife,"sherecalled(回憶).Sofar,PormpaweehasvisitedseveralChinesecities,"Chinaissuchalargecountry,"shesaid."MytriptoChinawillneverendandI'dliketointroducemoretopeopleofmycountry."4.WhatisPornpawee'snewwaytoteachMandarin?A.Givingonlinelessons. B.TakingpartinTVshows.C.MakingmoviesaboutChina. D.Sharingthefashionofhanfu.5.WhendidPornpaweebecomeaMandarinteacher?A.Attheageofthirteen. B.Overtenyearsago.C.Attheageofthirty-five. D.Whenshewasatcollege.6.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Pormpawee'sfirstvisittoChina.B.Pornpawee'sdeeploveforMandarin.C.Pornpawee'sfavoriteChinesedishes.D.Pornpawee'slifeindifferentChinesecities7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.ToexplainabetterwayofteachingMandarin.B.Toshowopinionsaboutprotectinglocallanguage.C.TointroduceaforeignerwhospreadsChineseculture.D.TolistreasonswhyChinesefashionispopularinThailand.閱讀理解IfyouarelookingforsomewherespecialtovisitinLondon,wemayhavetheanswerforyou:SirJohnSoane'sMuseum.ThemuseumisoneofLondon'sbest-keptsecrets,andit'swellworthavisit.SirJohn,agreatarchitect(建筑師),livedinLondonduringthe18thcentury(1753—1837),andtheamazingthingisthathishouseisexactlythesameasheleftit.Infact,visitingthehouseisjustlikesteppingbackintime.Therearethreefloorswhichareopentothepublic.Youcanstartonthefirstfloor.ThiswasSirJohn'sworkarea.Youcanasktheguardsaboutthepaintingsonthewallsastheytellyousomethingabouthisfamilyandlife.Anddon'tworryabouttheguardsastheyarereallyniceandhelpful.Next,youcangodownstairstothegroundfloor.Hereyoucanseehisrichcollectionofpaintings.Forexample,thereisaseries(系列)ofinterestingpaintingsabout18thcenturylifeinLondon.Nowcomesthelastpart,theundergroundfloor.It'sfullofthousandsofvaluableobjects,suchassculptures(雕塑)andmodelsoffamousbuildingsfromallovertheworld.Walkingaroundthispartofthehouseisabitlikebeingonatreasurehunt,asyoucanfindthingshiddenawayinsecretcorners.Anyway,you'llhavetogothereyourselftosee.SirJohnSoane'sMuseumisaverysmallplace.It'sonlyabouttenminutes'walkfromtheBritishMuseum.Thereisafreehour-longguidedtoureverySaturdayat2:30pm,butthebestthingisjusttowalkaboutbyyourself.Sonowyouknowwheretogonexttimeyou'reinLondon.Weguaranteethatit'sanexperienceyouwon'tforget!8.WhyisSirJohnSoane'sMuseumspecialaccordingtoParagraph1?A.ItistheoldestmuseuminLondon.B.Thereisatimemachineinit.C.ItiskeptthesameasSirJohnleftit.D.Therearelotsofsecretboxesinit.9.Inwhichorderdoesthewriteradvisepeopletovisitthemuseum?①theundergroundfloor②thegroundfloor③thefirstfloorA.①②③ B.②①③ C.①③② D.③②①10.Whatcanbeseenonthegroundfloorofthemuseum?A.Aseriesofinterestingpaintings.B.PicturesofSirJohnandhisfamily.C.Avaluablecollectionofsculptures.D.Modelsoffamousbuildingsintheworld.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"guarantee"inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.hear B.decide C.promise D.remember閱讀理解Doyougetintroubleforfeedingyourdogonfoodfromdinnerunderthetable?Anewstudysuggeststhatbysharing"peoplefood",youmightactuallybehelpingtokeepyourpethealthy.Manydogsarefeddryprocessedfood.Sciencehasshownthatadiet(飲食)ofprocessedfoodisnothealthyforhumans.ScientistsfromtheUniversityofHelsinki,inFin-land,saythisdietisnotgoodforourpetdogs,either.Thescientistsdiscoveredthatthefoodadogmightfindinanowner'shomesuchaseggs,fish,meatandvegetablesmaybebetterthanadietofjustdogfood.Thisisbe-causehavingdifferentkindsoffoodleadstomorevariety(多樣性)inmicrobes,whicharelittlelivingthings,toosmalltobeseenwithoureyes.Therearemillionsoftheminhumanandanimalbodies.Somearebadforus,butmanyaregoodforus,andtheyplayimportantrolesinhelpingusdigest(消化)food.Atotalof8,500youngpetdogstookpartinthestudy.4,500ofthemwereunder6monthsold,andtherestwerebetween6and18monthsold.TheownerswereaskedaboutwhatfoodtheyhadfedtheirpetsandhowoftenWhenthedogsreachedadult-hood,theirownersreportedthatabout20%ofthedogsshowedCEsymptoms(慢性腸胃不適癥狀)suchasweightloss.However,ifdogshadbeenfedamixeddietwhileyoung,.itwas22%lesspossibleforthemtoexperienceCEsymptomslaterinlife.Dr.AnnaHelm-BjorkmantoldTheTimesofLondon,"Dogfoodonsalearedescribedasprovidingacompletediet..Butwhatweshowisthatvarietyisimportant.No-bodywouldgive12yearsofthesamefoodtoachild-whyshouldadogbedifferent?"12.Accordingtothenewstudy,dogownersA.mustofferdryfoodtotheirdogsB.canfeeddogson"peoplefood"C.hadbetterbuymoreprocessedfoodD.shouldn'tmakefoodbythemselves13.Paragraph3mainlyexplainswhyA.dogsneeddifferentkindsoffoodB.littlelivingthingsstayinhumanbodiesC.scientistsstudydryprocessedfoodD.peopleshouldkeepdogsathome14.HowdoesthewriterdescribethestudyinParagraph4tomakeitbelievable?A.Byusingpictures. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bytellingstories. D.Bylistingnumbers.15.Whichpartofamagazineisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.History. B.Business. C.Science. D.Culture.閱卷人二、第二部分,閱讀理解,第二節(jié)任務(wù)型閱讀(共5小題,每小題2分,滿分10分得分閱讀下面材料,從方框中所給的A~E五個選項中選出正確選項(其中一項是多余選項),將其序號填入第31~34小題,并回答第35小題。注意:請將第35小題的答案寫在非選擇題部分的相應(yīng)位置。PeopleintheUKSaySorryforManyUses16.lfapersonburps(打嗝)atthedinnertableorrunsintosomeone,you'llprobablyhear"Oops,I'msosorry!"17.UsscientistRobertTriversgaveapossibleanswerinhisstudies.Hesaidthatwearepolitebecauseweneedtobelongandbeincludedinsocietytolive.Sowebehavewell,helpeachotherandsaysorry,hopingthatwecanbetreatedwellandbesafe.IntheUK.politenesscouldbe,astheGreatBritishMagputit,"athrowback(符合舊時代的事物)totheBritishclasssystem."18..DoesthismeanthatwhenBritishpeoplesaysorry,theydon'tmeanit?19.Butsayingsorryhasitsuses.Ilfyou'reeverintheUK,rememberalittle"sorry"cangoalongway.A.Perhapsitdoessometimes.B.wesaysorrytoshowpeopleofahigherclass,orlevel,respect,andtostayoutoftrouble.C.Butwhydowesaysorrysomuch?D.IwonderwhenpeopleintheUKsaysorry.E.Wecan'thelpsayingsorryintheUK.Whatdoesthewritermeanbyconcluding"Ifyou'reeverintheUK,rememberalittlesorry'cangoalongway."(answerwithnomorethan15words.)20.閱卷人三、第三部分,語言運用,第一節(jié),完形填空(共15小題,每小題1分,滿分15分得分完形填空Brucelovesmusicbecauseitmakeshimfeeleasy.Heisshy,andmakingfriendshasbeen21.forhim.That'swhyhismotheraskedhimtotakethe22.thisyear."You'dbetternotsittherewithyourheadphoneson,"shetoldhim.Brucenodded.Butthemomenthesatonthebus,he23.hisheadphonesandclosedhiseyes.Hewassoonlostinasongofhisfavoriteband,theBlue-Bob.24..hesensedsomeonearoundhim.Heopenedhiseyesandsawaboyfromhis25.."Hey,Bruce?I'mMike,"theboysaid.*Ithinkwebothtakethemusicclass.DidIhear26.singingasongbytheBlue-Bobjustnow?""Uh,no,"Bruce'sfaceturnedred,"Thatwasn'tme."Mikelookedalittle27..Withoutsayinganything,hewentaway.Forthenextfewdays,Brucekeptaskinghimself28.hehadliedtoMike."MaybehealsolovestheBlue-Bob.Maybehewasjustbeing29.,"hethought.Sowhentheysaweachotheronthebusthenextday,Brucemanagedto30.a(chǎn)smileonhisface."Hi,Bruce,"Mikesaid."Icanhearyour31.everyday,andyouhavesuchagoodtaste."Bruce'seyeslitup."Don'tyouthinkthesongsaretoo32.?""heasked."Notatall,""Mikeanswered.""1lovesongsofthepasttoo.Mygrandpaisreallyintomusic,andhehas33.metosingmanyofthem."BrucelistenedasMiketalkedabouthisfavoritesongs.Andtheysharedthehead-phones,singingsoftlyalongwiththemusic34.Brucegotoffathisstop."Seeyoutomorrow!"Mikesaid.Brucewavedgoodbye."ImusttellMomhowI35.Mikeandwehadthebesttime…withheadphoneson,"hesmiledtohimself.21.A.funny B.hard C.boring D.relaxing22.A.car B.taxi C.bus D.train23.A.puton B.tookaway C.gaveup D.paidfor24.A.Actually B.Luckily C.Naturally D.Suddenly25.A.story B.grade C.lab D.dream26.A.him B.her C.you D.them27.A.worried B.excited C.tired D.surprised28.A.why B.how C.when D.whether29.A.patient B.honest C.proud D.friendly30.A.wear B.hide C.win D.find31.A.news B.music C.name D.ideas32.A.sad B.old C.slow D.serious33.A.chosen B.a(chǎn)llowed C.taught D.ordered34.A.if B.a(chǎn)fter C.until D.a(chǎn)lthough35.A.met B.invited C.caught D.followed閱卷人四、第三部分,語言運用,第二節(jié)詞匯運用(共15小題,每小題1分,滿分15分得分將方框中所給詞(詞組)的適當(dāng)形式填入短文中,每詞僅用一次。acrossfastmouthtakeapieceofAdogfoundsomemeat.Hegotitandranawayas36.a(chǎn)shecould.Onhiswayhome,hehadtogo37.a(chǎn)smallriver.Justashewasgoingover,helookeddown.Intheriver,hesawadogwith38.meat."lmusthavethatmeat,too,"hesaid."I39.itfromthatdog."Asheopenedhis40..Hisownpiecefell,andwaslostinthewater.閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)括號內(nèi)所給漢語注釋寫出單詞的正確形式(每空一詞)。Mostparentsagreethatchildrenshouldeathealthyfood.Buthowcanthey41.(鼓勵)theirkidstoeathealthily?Ourresearchsuggestsitshouldbeginbygettingparentstodothesame.Weoftenseeparentschoosehealthyfoodlike42.(牛奶)andeggsfortheirkids.Asforthemselves,theywouldpreparesomethingunhealthy.Why?Theyarenot43.(確定)whethertheirkidswouldliketoeatthehealthyfood.So,theirowndishescanbea44.(第二;另一)choicefortheirchildren.Ifkidseatfromtheirparents'dishes,bothofthemmayhaveunhealthydiets.Luckily,wefounda45.簡單)way:askingparentstothinkoftheirmealsastheirown,ratherthanasachoicefortheirchildren.Todotheresearch,weworkedwithaschool.Theschool46.(計劃)tohelpchildreneatmorehealthily.Itprovidedafree47.(晚餐)for100families.Wenoticedalltheparents48.(仔細(xì)地)choseahealthymealfortheirchildren.Thenbe-forechoosingforthemselves,weasked49.(一半)ofthemtothinkoftheirmealas"foryouandonlyyou!"Theotherswerenotaskedtodothat.The50.(結(jié)果)?Manymoreparentsfromthefirstgroupchosehealthyfoodforthemselves!閱卷人五、第三部分,語言運用,第三節(jié),語法填空(共10小題,每小題1分,滿分10分得分閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)脑~,或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。Martinisaboyfullofquestions.Heasksquestionsalldaylongand51.(hope)togettheanswersatonce.Onemorning,helookedupatthesky52.a(chǎn)sked,"Whatmakestheday?Whatmakesthenight?Andhow?""Theearthtravelsaroundthesun.Itturnstofacethesuntomakethedayandturnsawayfromthesuntomakethenight,"said53.(he)father."Nowplease,willyougoandplay?Buttheboydidn'twant54.(play).Helookedup,down,andallaround,andsaid,Ican'tfeeltheearthturning.Why?""Theearthissobig.We'retoosmalltofeelitturn."Dadrepliedinamuch55.(loud)voice."Nowplease,willyougoandplay56.a(chǎn)moment?"Martintried.Heplayedwithsome57.(toy),andthenstudiedthepicturesofthesunandtheearth,butquestionswerestilleverywhere!Atbedtime,whilehismother58.(tell)himastory,Martincouldn'thelpasking."59.canseethesunnow?"Peopleontheothersideoftheearth,"Momansweredgently."Hmm,"shethought,"maybehewillbecome60.greatscientistinthefuture."Martinlayinhisbedandkeptonthinkingaboutthesun,theearth,themoonandthestars.閱卷人六、第四部分,書面表達(共1小題,滿分20分得分61.假如你是李華,你的英國好友Candy暑期將來中國游學(xué)。請根據(jù)以下相關(guān)信息,寫一封郵件,向她推薦一所合適的學(xué)校。注意:(1)郵件需包含所選學(xué)校至少兩點相關(guān)信息,可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮;
(2)文中不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名、學(xué)校等信息;
(3)詞數(shù)80左右;郵件的首尾和第一句已給出,不計入總詞數(shù)。DearCandy,I'mexcitedtoknowthatyouarecomingtoChinasoon.……Yours,LiHua
答案解析部分【答案】1.B2.A3.D【知識點】應(yīng)用文;自我提升;細(xì)節(jié)理解;推理判斷【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文,強調(diào)要做自己、展示自己的獨特性和創(chuàng)造力的重要性,并建議通過從事喜歡的活動和穿著表達個性以及保持日記來展現(xiàn)自我。
【點評】考查閱讀理解,包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題,是一篇介紹類閱讀,注意先略讀文章,掌握文章大意,再分析題干及選項,到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進行理解。1.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Justin一欄中的"Ireallylikeplayingfootball."我真的很喜歡踢足球??芍?,Justin喜歡做運動。故選B。2.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)"Showyourtalents!"展示你的才華?。灰约?It'importanttoletothersknowyourtalents.Thatmakesyouspecial."讓別人知道你的才能很重要。這讓你很特別。可知,"讓別人知道你的才能。"這條建議來自本文。故選A。3.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一欄中的"KateBrownisanexpert(專家)ofourmagazine.Shehelpsstudentstobuildupbothmindandbody.Visitherwebsiteformoreinformation:"KateBrown是雜志的專家。她幫助學(xué)生建立心靈和身體。訪問她的網(wǎng)站獲取更多信息??赏浦?,我們可以在雜志的"與專家交談"讀到此篇文章。故選D?!敬鸢浮?.D5.B6.A7.C【知識點】記敘文;中國傳統(tǒng)文化與禮儀習(xí)俗;跨文化溝通與交流;細(xì)節(jié)理解;文章大意;短視頻【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,講述了Pornpawee在社交媒體上發(fā)布短視頻,通過不同的方式教授普通話并傳播中國文化的故事。
【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解,段落大意和寫作意圖三個題型的考查,是一篇人物類閱讀,首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文,掌握大意,然后結(jié)合具體的題目,再讀短文,從中找出相關(guān)信息,就可以確定正確答案。4.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"That'swhereshehasgothernewideaofteaching.SheshareswiththemthislatestChinesefashion(時尚)inclass,helpingthemlearnaboutthecultureaswellasthelanguageitself."這就是她對教學(xué)的新想法。她在課堂上與他們分享了這種最新的中國時尚,幫助他們了解文化和語言本身。可知這就是她對教學(xué)的新想法,她在課堂上與他們分享了最新的中國時尚。故選D。5.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Now35-year-oldPompaweehastaughtMandarinforover10years."現(xiàn)年35歲的Pornpawee教授普通話已有10多年了。故選B。6.考查段落大意。根據(jù)第四段中的"PompaweevisitedChinaforthefirsttimewhileshewasintheuniversity.ShefoundChinesefoodsogreat."Pornpavee在大學(xué)期間首次訪問了中國。她覺得中國菜很好吃。可知本段主要介紹了Pornpawee首次參觀中國的經(jīng)歷。故選A。7.考查寫作意圖。縱觀全文可知,本文講述了Pornpawee在社交媒體上發(fā)布短視頻,通過不同的方式教授普通話并傳播中國文化的故事??赏浦疚氖窃诮榻B一位傳播中國文化的外國人。故選C?!敬鸢浮?.C9.D10.A11.C【知識點】應(yīng)用文;建筑作品賞析與文化價值;細(xì)節(jié)理解;推理判斷;詞義猜測【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文,介紹了倫敦一個鮮為人知的寶藏——約翰?索恩爵士博物館。
【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解,詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查,是一篇介紹類閱讀,通讀全文,理解文章大意,閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容,仔細(xì)核對,選擇符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"ThemuseumisoneofLondon'sbest-keptsecrets,andit'swellworthavisit.SirJohn,agreatarchitect(建筑師),livedinLondonduringthel8thcentury(1753-1837),andtheamazingthingisthathishouseisexactlythesameasheleftit."該博物館是倫敦保守得最好的秘密之一,非常值得一游。約翰爵士,一位偉大的建筑師,在18世紀(jì)(1753-1837)住在倫敦,令人驚奇的是他的房子和他離開時一模一樣??芍摬┪镳^之所以特殊是因為它保持著約翰爵士離開時的樣子。故選C。9.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"Therearethreefloorswhichareopentothepublic.Youcanstartonthefirstfloor."有三層樓對公眾開放。你可以從一樓開始;"Next,youcangodownstairstothegroundfloor."接下來,你可以下樓到底層;以及"Nowcomesthelastpart,theundergroundfloor."現(xiàn)在是最后一部分,地下部分。可知作者建議的路線是③②①。故選D。10.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"Next,youcangodownstairstothegroundfloor.Hereyoucanseehisrichcollectionofpaintings."接下來,你可以下樓到底層。在這里你可以看到他豐富的繪畫收藏。可知在博物館的底層可以看到一系列有趣的畫。故選A。11.考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的"Sonowyouknowwheretogonexttimeyou'reinLondon.Weguaranteethatit'sanexperienceyouwon'tforget!"所以現(xiàn)在你知道下次去倫敦該去哪里了。我們保證這是一次您不會忘記的經(jīng)歷!可推知此處意為我們保證這是一次您不會忘記的經(jīng)歷!劃線詞guarantee意為"保證"。故選C。【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.C【知識點】科普類;說明文;細(xì)節(jié)理解;推理判斷;段落大意【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了一項新研究,研究表明,喂寵物人類的食物實際上可能有助于保持它們的健康。
【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解,推理判斷和段落大意三個題型的考查,是一篇科研類閱讀,要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進行分析,推理,概括和歸納,從而選出正確答案。12.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"Anewstudysuggeststhatbysharing‘peoplefood',youmightactuallybehelpingtokeepyourpethealthy."一項新的研究表明,通過分享"人類食物",你實際上可能有助于保持寵物的健康??芍分魅丝梢杂?人食"喂狗,故選B。13.考查段落大意。根據(jù)第三段中的"Thisisbecausehavingdifferentkindsoffoodleadstomorevariety(多樣性)inmicrobes,whicharelittlelivingthings,toosmalltobeseenwithoureyes."這是因為吃不同種類的食物會導(dǎo)致微生物的多樣性增加,這些微生物是微小的生物,太小了,我們的眼睛看不見??芍?本段主要解釋了為什么狗需要不同種類的食物。故選A。14.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段"Atotalof8,500youngpetdogstookpartinthestudy.4,500ofthemwereunder6monthsold,andtherestwerebetween6and18monthsold.TheownerswereaskedaboutwhatfoodtheyhadfedtheirpetsandhowoftenWhenthedogsreachedadult-hood,theirownersreportedthatabout20%ofthedogsshowedCEsymptoms(慢性腸胃不適癥狀)suchasweightloss.However,ifdogshadbeenfedamixeddietwhileyoung,.itwas22%lesspossibleforthemtoexperienceCEsymptomslaterinlife."共有8500只年幼的寵物狗參加了這項研究。其中4500只在6個月以下,其余在6到18個月之間。主人被問及他們給寵物喂了什么食物,以及多久喂一次。當(dāng)狗成年后,主人報告說,大約20%的狗表現(xiàn)出CE癥狀,如體重減輕。然而,如果狗在幼年時被喂食混合飲食,它們以后出現(xiàn)CE癥狀的可能性會降低22%。其中的"8500""4500""20%"和"22%"可知,作者在本段通過列舉數(shù)字來使研究具有可信度。故選D。15.考查推理判斷。通讀全文可知,本文介紹了一項新研究,研究表明,喂寵物人類的食物實際上可能有助于保持它們的健康。可推知本文可能出自雜志的科學(xué)版塊。故選C。【答案】16.E;17.C;18.B;19.A;20.合理即可【知識點】說明文;世界主要國家文化習(xí)俗;跨文化溝通與交流【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了英國人經(jīng)常說"對不起"的原因以及好處。
【點評】本文是一篇生活類閱讀,要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16.根據(jù)空后"Ifapersonburps(打隔)atthedinnertableorrunsintosomeone,you'llprobablyhear‘Oops,I'msosorry!'"如果一個人在餐桌上打嗝或者撞到別人,你可能會聽到"Oops,I'msosorry!"可知,此處應(yīng)說人們經(jīng)常說"對不起",E.Wecan'thelpsayingsorryintheUK."在英國,我們?nèi)滩蛔∫f對不起"符合語境,故選E。17.根據(jù)空后"USscientistRobertTriversgaveapossibleanswerinhisstudies."美國科學(xué)家RobertTrivers在他的研究中給出了一個可能的答案??芍?,此空應(yīng)引出下文的研究,C.Butwhydowesaysorrysomuch?"但是為什么我們?nèi)绱祟l繁地說對不起"符合語境,故選C。18.根據(jù)空前"IntheUK,politenesscouldbe,astheGreatBritishMagputit,‘a(chǎn)throwback(符合舊時代的事物)totheBritishclasssystem.'"在英國,正如GreatBritishmagazine所說,禮貌可能是"英國階級制度的倒退"??芍?,此處應(yīng)提到英國的階層,B.wesaysorrytoshowpeopleofahigherclass,orlevel,respect,andtostayoutoftrouble."我們說對不起是為了向更高階層或水平的人表示尊重,并避免惹麻煩"承接上文,符合語境,故選B。19.根據(jù)空前"DoesthismeanthatwhenBritishpeoplesaysorry,theydon'tmeanit?"這是否意味著當(dāng)英國人說對不起時,他們不是真心的?可知,此處應(yīng)回答"這是否意味著當(dāng)英國人說對不起時,他們不是認(rèn)真的"這個問題,A.Perhapsitdoessometimes."也許有時確實如此"承接上文,符合語境,故選A。20.考查語義猜測題。根據(jù)上文可知,英國人喜歡說"對不起",因為這是一種禮貌的行為并且受到歡迎,故答案可為:Itmeansthatsaying"sorry"isagoodmannerandpopularintheUK.【答案】21.B;22.C;23.A;24.D;25.B;26.C;27.D;28.A;29.D;30.A;31.B;32.B;33.C;34.C;35.A【知識點】故事閱讀類;記敘文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,講述了布魯斯喜歡音樂,但他很害羞,所以很難交到朋友,所以他媽媽給他報了音樂課。在公共汽車上他遇到了邁克,他們通過一起聽音樂成為了好朋友。
【點評】考查完形填空,本題考點涉及動詞,名詞,形容詞,副詞,代詞,賓語從句,狀語從句,固定短語等多個知識點的考查,是一篇故事類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,進行分析推理,從而選出正確答案。21.句意:他很害羞,交朋友對他來說很困難。A:funny"有趣的";B:hard"困難的";C:boring"令人無聊的";D:relaxing"放松的"。根據(jù)上文"Heisshy"他很害羞,可知,交朋友對他來說應(yīng)是困難的,故選B。22.句意:這就是他媽媽讓他今年坐公共汽車的原因。A:car"小汽車";B:taxi"出租車";C:bus"公共汽車";D:train"火車"。根據(jù)下文"Butthemomenthesatonthebus"但他一坐上公共汽車,可知,此處指的是坐公共汽車,故選C。23.句意:但他一坐上公共汽車,就戴上耳機,閉上眼睛。A:puton"戴上";B:tookaway"取走,帶走";C:gaveup"放棄";D:paidfor"為......付款"。根據(jù)空后"headphones"可知,此處指的是戴上耳機,故選A。24.句意:突然,他感覺到身邊有人。A:Actually"實際上";B:Luckily"幸運地";C:Naturally"自然地";D:Suddenly"突然"。根據(jù)空后"hesensedsomeonearoundhim."他感覺到身邊有人;結(jié)合上文語境,可知是他正在閉著眼睛聽歌,突然感覺到身邊有人,故選D。25.句意:他睜開眼睛,看見一個同年級的男孩。A:story"故事";B:grade"年級";C:lab"實驗室";D:dream"夢想"。根據(jù)下文"‘Hey,Bruce?I'mMike,'theboysaid.""嗨,Bruce?"我是Mike,"男孩說??芍?,男孩認(rèn)識Bruce,所以應(yīng)是同一個年級的男孩,故選B。26.句意:我剛才是不是聽到你在唱theBlue-Bob的歌?A:him"他";B:her"她";C:you"你、你們";D:them"他們"。根據(jù)上文"Ithinkwebothtakethemusicclass."我想我們都要上音樂課;結(jié)合語境,可知此處是Mike對Bruce說的,所以應(yīng)用第二人稱,故選C。27.句意:Mike看起來有點驚訝。他一句話也沒說就走了。A:worried"擔(dān)心的";B:excited"激動的,興奮的";C:tired"累的,疲勞的";D:surprised"驚訝的"。根據(jù)語境可知,Mike聽到Bruce在聽theBlue-Bob的歌,結(jié)果Bruce卻否認(rèn)了,可知Mike看起來有點驚訝,所以他一句話也沒說就走了,故選D。28.句意:在接下來的幾天里,Bruce一直在問自己為什么要對Mike撒謊。A:why"為什么";B:how"怎樣";C:when"什么時候";D:whether"是否"。結(jié)合句意,可知此處表達的是"為什么要對Mike撒謊",應(yīng)用why引導(dǎo)賓語從句,故選A。29.句意:"也許他也喜歡theBlue-Bob。也許他只是表示友好,"他想。A:patient"能忍耐的,有耐心的";B:honest"誠實的";C:proud"自豪的";D:friendly"友好的"。根據(jù)上文Mike對Bruce的提問可知,Bruce認(rèn)為也許他也喜歡theBlue-Bob。也許他只是表示友好,故選D。30.句意:所以當(dāng)他們第二天在公共汽車上見面時,Bruce設(shè)法在他的臉上流露出微笑。A:wear"戴、流露";B:hide"隱藏";C:win"贏";D:find"發(fā)現(xiàn)"。根據(jù)上文Bruce認(rèn)為也許Mike也喜歡theBlue-Bob,也許他只是表示友好,所以第二天在公共汽車上見面時,Bruce應(yīng)是設(shè)法在他的臉上流露出微笑。故選A。31.句意:"嗨,Bruce,Mike說。"我每天都能聽到你的音樂,你的品味真好。A:news"新聞";B:music"音樂";C:name"名字";D:ideas"主意"。根據(jù)上文語境可知,每天在公共汽車上Bruce都聽音樂,所以這里指的音樂,故選B。32.句意:"你不覺得這些歌太老了嗎?""他問道。A:sad"傷心的";B:old"老的、舊的";C:slow"慢的";D:serious"嚴(yán)重的"。根據(jù)下文"‘Notatall,'Mikeanswered.‘Ilovesongsofthepasttoo...'""一點也不,"Mike回答。"我也喜歡過去的歌......"。可知,此處指的是太老的歌,故選B。33.句意:我爺爺真的很喜歡音樂,他教我唱了很多。A:chosen"選擇";B:allowed"允許";C:taught"教";D:ordered"命令"。根據(jù)空前"Mygrandpaisreallyintomusic"我爺爺真的很喜歡音樂,可知,爺爺應(yīng)是教了他很多歌曲,故選C。34.句意:他們共用耳機,伴著音樂輕輕地唱歌,直到Bruce到站下車。A:if"如果";B:after"在……之后";C:until"直到";D:although"雖然、盡管"。根據(jù)句意可知,此處表達的是"直到",引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,故選C。35.句意:"我必須告訴媽媽我是如何遇到邁克的,我們度過了最美好的時光……戴著耳機,"他對自己笑著說。A:met"遇到";B:invited"邀請";C:caught"捕捉";D:followed"跟著"。根據(jù)上文可知,Bruce在公共汽車上遇到了Mike,而且他們度過了最美好的時光,故選A?!敬鸢浮?6.fast;37.a(chǎn)cross;38.a(chǎn)pieceof;39.willtake/amgoingtotake;40.mouth【知識點】故事閱讀類;記敘文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,講述了一只貪婪的狗最后把自己的肉也丟了的故事。
【點評】考查選詞填空,考查詞匯在篇章中的運用能力,答題時首先要跳過空格通讀文章掌握其大意,然后細(xì)讀文章字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考慮句型、語法、搭配、語境等因素,最后通讀一遍檢查驗證。36.句意:他得到了它,以最快的速度跑開了。根據(jù)"ranawayas...ashecould"可知是盡快跑開,此處是固定結(jié)構(gòu)as+adj./adv.的原級+as…,fast"快",此處是副詞,修飾ranaway。故填fast。37.句意:在回家的路上,他不得不穿過一條小河。根據(jù)"go...asmallriver"可知是穿過一條河,across"(表面)穿過",故填across。38.句意:在河里,他看見一只狗叼著一塊肉。根據(jù)"with...meat"可知是有一塊肉,apieceof"一塊.......",故填apieceof。39.句意:我要從那條狗那里拿走。根據(jù)"itfromthatdog"可知把肉從那條狗那里拿走,take"拿走",此處表示將來的動作,用一般將來時willdo/begoingtodo,主語是I,be動詞用am。故填willtake/amgoingtotake。40.句意:當(dāng)他張開嘴時,自己的肉掉了下來,掉進了水里。根據(jù)空前有his形容詞性物主代詞,修飾名詞,mouth,名詞,嘴巴,結(jié)合opened,此處表示是張開嘴,故填mouth。【答案】41.encourage;42.milk;43.sure/certain;44.second;45.simple;46.planned;47.dinner/supper;48.carefully;49.half;50.result(s)【知識點】說明文;飲食習(xí)慣【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了如何鼓勵孩子健康飲食,研究表明,應(yīng)該從讓父母也健康飲食開始。
【點評】考查詞匯在篇章中的運用能力,答題時首先要通讀文章掌握其大意,然后結(jié)合漢語提示細(xì)讀文章字逐一作答,注意考慮句型、語法、搭配、語境等因素,最后通讀一遍檢查驗證。???????41.句意:但是,他們?nèi)绾喂膭詈⒆咏】碉嬍衬?"鼓勵"應(yīng)用動詞encourage,情態(tài)動詞can后加動詞原形,故填encourage。42.句意:我們經(jīng)??吹礁改笧楹⒆舆x擇牛奶和雞蛋等健康食品。"牛奶"應(yīng)用不可數(shù)名詞milk,此處作介詞賓語,故填milk。43.句意:他們不確定自己的孩子是否喜歡吃健康的食物。此處作be動詞的表語用形容詞,"確定"應(yīng)用
sure/certain,故填sure/certain。44.句意:因此,他們自己的菜肴可以成為孩子的第二選擇。"第二"是序數(shù)詞,應(yīng)用second,此處作定語,修飾名詞choice,故填second。45.句意:幸運的是,我們找到了一個簡單的方法。"簡單"應(yīng)用形容詞simple,此處修飾名詞way,作定語,故填simple。46.句意:學(xué)校計劃幫助孩子們吃得更健康。"計劃"應(yīng)用動詞plan,作謂語,根據(jù)"worked"可知應(yīng)用一般過去時,動詞用過去式。故填planned。47.句意:它為100個家庭提供了一頓免費晚餐。"晚餐"應(yīng)用名詞dinner/supper,a后加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),此處作賓語,故填dinner/supper。48.句意:我們注意到所有的父母都為孩子精心選擇了一頓健康的飯菜。"仔細(xì)地"應(yīng)用副詞carefully,此處,修飾動詞chose,作狀語,故填carefully。49.句意:然后,在為自己選擇之前,我們讓其中一半的人把他們的飯看作是"給你的,只有你!""一半",應(yīng)用half,此處作賓語,故填half。50.句意:結(jié)果?"結(jié)果",應(yīng)用名詞result,是可數(shù)名詞,結(jié)果可能是一個,也可能有多種結(jié)果,因此單復(fù)數(shù)均可,故填result(s)。【答案】51.hopes;52.a(chǎn)nd;53.his;54.toplay;55.louder;56.for;57.toys;58.wastelling;59.Who;60.a(chǎn)【知識點】故事閱讀類;記敘文【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文,講述了一個名叫Martin的男孩對世界充滿好奇心,不斷提出問題并渴望得到答案的故事。
【點評】本題考點涉及名詞,連詞,代詞,非謂語動詞,形容詞,介詞,時態(tài),疑問詞,冠詞以及固定搭配等多個知識點的考查,是一篇故事類閱讀,要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系,并結(jié)合相關(guān)語法知識,進行分析推理,從而寫出正確的單詞形式。51.句意:他整天問問題,并希望馬上得到答案。hope,希望,動詞(verb)。此處是謂語動詞,與asks并列,可知應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時,且用第三人稱單數(shù),故填hopes。52.句意:一天早晨,他仰望天空并問道。根據(jù)空前"Onemorning,helookedupatthesky";以及空后"asked"可知,空格前后是遞進關(guān)系,應(yīng)用and連接。故填and。53.句意:"地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。它轉(zhuǎn)向面對太陽形成白天,轉(zhuǎn)向背對太陽形成夜晚,"他的父親說。he,他,代詞(pronoun)。此處修飾名詞father,應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞,故填his。54.句意:但男孩不想去玩。play,玩,動詞(verb)。wanttodosth.固定短語,"想做某事",不定式作賓語。故填toplay。55.句意:爸爸用更大的聲音回答。loud,大聲的,形容詞(adjective)。根據(jù)"much"是比較級的修飾詞可知,此處應(yīng)用比較級louder,表示"爸爸回答問題的聲音更大了",故填louder。56.句意:現(xiàn)在請你去玩一會兒好嗎?foramoment固定短語,"片刻,一會兒",此處作時間狀語,故填for。57.句意:他和一些玩具玩了一會,然后研究了太陽和地球的圖片,但問題仍然無處不在!toy,玩具,名詞(noun)。some后接名詞復(fù)數(shù),toy的復(fù)數(shù)為toys,此處作賓語,故填toys。58.句意:睡覺的時候,他媽媽正在給他講故事。tell,告訴,動詞(verb)。此處是時間狀語從句的謂語動詞,根據(jù)空后"couldn'thelp"可知,時態(tài)為一般過去時;while從句通常用進行時態(tài),此處應(yīng)用過去進行時,故填wastelling。59.句意:現(xiàn)在誰能看見太陽?根據(jù)下文"Peopleontheothersideoftheearth,"可知,此處是問誰能看到太陽,who"誰",句首首字母大寫。故填Who。60.句意:也許他將來會成為一個偉大的科學(xué)家。根據(jù)"greatscientist"可知,此處泛指一位偉大的科學(xué)家,且great以輔音音素開頭,不定冠詞用a。故填a。61.【答案】DearCandy,I'mexcitedtoknowthatyouarecomingtoChinasoon.IknowyoulovetraditionalChineseartandfood.Ithinkmyschoolisperfectforyou.Itisinthebeautifulcountryside.Thelocalfoodhereisreallyfreshanddelicious.Ibelieveyou'llenjoyit.Lastyear,webuildanewsportscenter,sowecanplaybasketballtogetherthere!Also,ourschoolhastraditionalareclasses,andyoucanlearnpapercut-ting.Chinesepaintingandsoon.I'msu
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