2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語課時作業(yè)3Unit1GreatscientistsGrammar含解析新人教版必修5

Unit1Greatscientists課時作業(yè)3GrammarⅠ.用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．JohnSnowbecameinspired(inspire)whenhethoughtofhelpingthepoor.2．Butwhatsurprisedmemostwastoseesomeofthevillagepeopleseated(seat)onthebenches.3．Afterthedivorce,shewasburied(bury)inherwork.4．ProfessorJordangaveusaconfusing(confuse)lecturethisafternoonandmostofuswereconfused(confuse)．5．Let'sgotocalmdowntheterrified(terrify)people.6．Oneday,ayoungboycalled(call)Arthurwaswalkingpastthestone.7．Withhisbroken(break)English,hecan'tmakehimselfunderstood.8．Someofthepeopleinvited(invite)tothepartycan'tcome.9．Hewasdiscouraged(discourage)frommakinganotherattempt.10．Tomwasmoresurprised(surprise)thandisappointed(disappoint)atthisnews.Ⅱ.單句語法寫作1．If_you_are_interested_in_it,_letmeknowandI'llsendyoumoreinformation.假如你對此感愛好，請告知我，我會給你發(fā)送更多信息。2．Soexcited_wasIthatIcouldn'twaittomeetyouinChina.我太激烈了，迫不及待地想在中國見到你。3．Weare/feel_greatly_honouredtohaveyouhereinthemiddleofourEnglishWeekActivities.您能來參與我們的英語周活動，我們深感榮幸。4．Asforthephenomenonmentioned_above,_somepeoplesupportitwhileothersdonot.關(guān)于上文提到的現(xiàn)象，有些人支持，而有些人反對。5．Theplayerselected_from_the_whole_countryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.我們期盼這些選自全國的運動員在夏季競賽中能給我們帶來榮耀。Ⅰ.閱讀理解Doyouhaveimagination?Doyouliketosolveproblems?Canyou?Ifso,youcouldbethenextgreatinventor.“ButI'mjustakid，”youmightsay!Don'tworryaboutalittlethinglikeage.Forexample,onefamousinventor—BenjaminFranklin—gothisstartwhenhewasonly12.Atthatyoungage,hecreatedpaddlesforhishandstohelphimswimfaster.Finallyhiscreationledtowhatweknowcalledflippers!Soyoudon'thavetobeanadulttobeaninventor.Onethingyoudoneed,though,issomethingthatkidshaveplentyof:curiosityandimagination.Kidsareknownforlookingatthingsinnewanduniqueways.Sowhatshouldyoudoifyouhavewhatisagreatideaforaninvention?Talktoafriendorfamilymemberaboutit.Getinputfromothersaboutyouridea.Thenaskthemtohelpyoucreateaworkingmodel—aprototype(原型)—ofyouridea.Onceyouhaveaprototype,youcantestit.Sometimesyourideaturnsouttobenotasgreatasyouthought.Atothertimes,though,yourealizeitisagoodideaandyourprototypecanhelpyoufigureouthowtomakeitbetter.Ifyourideaisreallyagoodone,anadultcanhelpyoucontactcompaniesthatmightbeinterestedinit.Youwillalsowantanadult'shelptogetapatent(專利權(quán))foryouridea,sothatitisprotectedandcan'tbestolenbysomeoneelse.Ifyouneedsomeinspiration,considerthesekidsandtheirinventions：JeanieLowinventedtheKiddieStoolwhenshewasjust11.It'safoldingstoolthatfitsunderthekitchensink.Kidscanunfolditanduseittoreachthesinkallbythemselves.Attheageof15,LouisBrailleinventedthesystemnamedafterhimthatallowstheblindtoread.ChelseaLanmonreceivedapatentwhenshewasjust8forthe“pocketdiaper”，anewtypeofdiaperthatincludesapocketforholdingbabywipesandpowder.本文是一篇爭論文。孩子能成為獨創(chuàng)家嗎？答案是確定的。作者列舉了Franklin,Braille,Lanmon等人的勝利事例。1．Bysaying“ButI'mjustakid”，youprobablymeanyou________.A．a(chǎn)retooyoungtoachieveanythingB．candoanythingthoughyouareyoungC．a(chǎn)reoldenoughtobecomeaninventorD．havetolearnknowledgefromotherpeople答案：A解析：推理推斷題。“justakid”意為“只是個孩子”，表明年齡小而做不了什么大事，與A項中的too...to...(太……而不能……)同義，故A項正確。2．Whichofthefollowingistherightorderofaninvention?A．a(chǎn)patent—aprototype—agoodidea—aninventionB．a(chǎn)ninvention—agoodidea—apatent—aprototypeC．a(chǎn)goodidea—aprototype—aninvention—apatentD．a(chǎn)prototype—apatent—agoodidea—aninvention答案：C解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)排序題。文章第三段中“Sowhatshouldyoudoifyouhavewhatisagreatideaforaninvention？”和“Thenaskthemtohelpyoucreateaworkingmodel—aprototype(原型)—ofyouridea.”表明獨創(chuàng)依次為agoodidea—aprototype。再依據(jù)第五段的“Youwillalsowantanadult'shelptogetapatent(專利權(quán))．..”可知，申請專利是獨創(chuàng)的最終步驟。故C項正確。3．Whoinventedsomethingthathelpstheblindtoread?A．JeanieLow. B．BenjaminFranklin.C．ChelseaLanmon. D．LouisBraille.答案：D解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)其次段“...LouisBrailleinventedthesystemnamedafterhimthatallowstheblindtoread.”可知答案。Ⅱ.七選五閱讀Purchasingholidaygiftscanbeexpensiveandstressful.Withpressuretogetallofthegiftsboughtandbeautifullywrappedintimefortheholidays,wedon'talwaysmakethebestpurchases.Here'salookatseveralpotentialtraps.__1__Failingtocomparisonshop.Retailers(零售商)use“compareat”pricesorstickerpricestomakeyouthinkthatyou'regettingagreatdealwiththestore'ssaleprice.Butwithalittlecomparisonshopping,it'sverypossiblethatyou'llfindthesameorsimilarproductforanevenbetterpriceonlineorinanotherstore.UsecomparisonshoppingsmartphoneappslikeRedLaser,ShopSavvyandSmoopabeforeyoucheckout.__2__Gettingattractedbya“deal”．Someretailersplaymindgameswithconsumersusingcome-onslike“buyone,getonehalfoff”or“freeshippingwithaminimum$75purchase？”Attimes,I'vefoundmyselflookingforaseconditemIcangetathalfpriceoraddingextraproductstomyonlineshoppingcarttoqualifyfor“free”shipping.__3__Ifnot,buyonlywhatyoucameforandputtherestback.Waitinguntilthelastminute.Asofmid-November,almosthalfofconsumershadn'tstartedtheirholidayshoppingyet,accordingtotheNationalRetailFederation.__4__Sure,youmightbeluckyandfindalast-minutedeal,butit'salsopossiblethatinthelast-minuteholidayrush,youmightnotfindwhatyou'relookingforandenduppayingmorethanyou'dplannedoutofdesperation.__5__Whensettingyourholidaybudget,youprobablytakegiftsforyourclosefriends,relativesandsignificantothersintoconsideration.Butwhathappenswhenanacquaintancedropsoffagiftandyoufeelresponsibletoreturn?Trytobuildabuffer(緩沖)intoyourholidaybudgetsoyou'llhavealittlewiggleroom(回旋余地)．A．Settingaholidaybudget.B．Forgettingtobudgetfortheextras.C．Evenwiseshoppersmayfallintothesetraps.D．Americanswillspendjustover$800onholidaygiftsthisyear.E．Infact,thebiggestshoppingdayisusuallytheSaturdaybeforeChristmas.F．Insomecases,youmayevengettheretailertomatchacompetitor'sprice.G．Beforeyoucheckout,askyourselfifyoureallyhaveausefortheextraitems.文章介紹了幾種在購買節(jié)日禮物時避開陷入購買陷阱的方法。1．C解析：空前一句說“讓我們來看看幾種可能的陷阱”，C項“即使明智的購物者也會陷入這些陷阱中”承接上文，引出下文常見的購物陷阱與誤區(qū)，其中thesetraps與上一句severalpotentialtraps相照應(yīng)。2．F解析：結(jié)合標題Failingtocomparisonshop.可知，本段主要講購物時消費者若能貨比三家，便會得到更低的價格?？涨耙痪湔f“在你結(jié)賬之前可以用一些購物比價手機軟件”，F(xiàn)項“有時候你甚至可以讓零售商給出與競爭對手相同的價格”可以看作是運用比價軟件的結(jié)果。3．G解析：前面說有些商家玩心理戰(zhàn)術(shù)，打出“其次件半價”或“購物滿75美元包郵”的旗號促銷，所以作者有時為了能半價或包郵而購買多余的商品。G項與后面一句從一正一反提出解決方案，“在結(jié)賬之前問問你自己是否真的須要那些多余的商品，假如不是，那就只買你須要的，把剩下的放回去”。4．E解析：結(jié)合標題可知本段主要講不要在最終一刻購物，E項指出最終一刻的詳細時間就是圣誕節(jié)前的那個星期六。5．B解析：依據(jù)其他標題的形式可知在A、B中選擇。結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容可知本段主要講要給假日預(yù)算留一些余地，且標題應(yīng)為購物的錯誤做法，所以B項“遺忘為額外的部分做預(yù)算”作本段標題最佳。Ⅲ.微表達依據(jù)要求運用本單元所學(xué)學(xué)問完成下面小作文，并背誦成文。1．李華特別酷愛英語，同時他的英語老師對他要求很嚴格。(beenthusiasticabout,bestrictwith)2．每次遇到難題，李華總是主動提出來。(everytime,putforward)3．除此之外，他認為在得出結(jié)論時要謹慎，這樣李華吸取了許多學(xué)問。(apartfrom，becautiousabout,drawconclusions,absorb)4．他深信只有永不放棄，他才能獲得勝利。(onlyif)5．他學(xué)習(xí)如此努力，以至于取得了很大進步。(so...that...)LiHuaisenthusiasticaboutEnglish,andhisEnglishteacherisverystrictwithhim.Everytimehecomesacrossdifficultproblems,heoftenputsthemforward.Apartfromthis,hebelievesthatweshouldbecautiouswhendrawingconclusionsandinthisway,LiHuaabsorbsmuchknowledge.LiHuaisconvince