Unit 1【速記清單】-2023-2024學(xué)年九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)（牛津上海版）（解析版）

Unit1AncientGreeceAncientGreece話題古希臘詞匯historical,stair,disappea,Troy,beyond,capture,sail,wooden,help,obey,obey,drag,citizen,enemy，stupid，securely短語(yǔ)1.atatime(=eachtime)每次2.nolonger(=not....anylonger)不再3.makejokesaboutsb.(=makefunofsb.)取笑某人4.succeed(in)doingsth.成功做某事（=managetodosth.)句型lookdownat…向下看著……pull…into…把……拉進(jìn)……中exceptfor除了haveto不得不makejokesabout拿某人開(kāi)玩笑waitfor等待not…anylonger不再besucceedin成功，順利完成throughatrick通過(guò)陰謀詭計(jì)；用詭計(jì)語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)考點(diǎn)1.9AU1單詞表序號(hào)英文音標(biāo)詞性中文1※stair/ste?r/n.樓梯2atatime每次3※plain/ple?n/n.平原4nolonger不再5※Troy/tr??//n.特洛伊6beyond/bi?j?nd/prep.在（或向）……較遠(yuǎn)的一邊7※Greek/gri:k/n.希臘人8※capture/?k?pt??r//v.攻占；奪取9wheel/wi:l/n.輪子10※Trojan/?tr??d??n/n.特洛伊人11drag/dr?ɡ/v.（使勁而吃力地）拖，拉12citizen/?s?t?z?n/n.居民；市民；公民13joke/d???k/n.笑話；玩笑14enemy/?en?m?/n.敵人15securely/s??kj??l?/adv.牢牢地16gotosleep入睡；睡著17※including/?n?klu?d??/prep.包括……在內(nèi)18midnight/?m?dna?t/n.午夜；子夜19exceptfor除……之外20army/?ɑ?m?/n.軍隊(duì)；部隊(duì)21darkness/dɑ?kn?s/n.黑暗；漆黑22※seize/si?z/v.抓?。蛔阶?3succeed/s?k?si?d/v.實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)；成功24fit/f?t/v.適合25refuse/r??fju?z/v.謝絕；拒絕26manage/?m?n?d?/v.完成（困難的事）27comeon得了吧28independent/??nd??pend?nt/adj.獨(dú)立的考點(diǎn)2.9AU1詞性轉(zhuǎn)換整理1appearv.出現(xiàn)disappearv.消失2cityn.城市citizenn.市民3darkadj.黑暗的darknessn.黑暗4dependv.依靠，依賴；取決于independentadj.獨(dú)立的；有主見(jiàn)的5includev.包括；包含includingprep.包括；包含6managev.管理，經(jīng)營(yíng)；處理；設(shè)法對(duì)付managern.經(jīng)理7succeedv.獲得成功；達(dá)到目的successn.成功successfuladj.成功的8secureadj.安全的securelyadv.牢牢地securityn.安全9woodn.木頭，木材；（復(fù)）樹(shù)林woodenadj.木質(zhì)的考點(diǎn)3.historicaladj.（有關(guān)）歷史的【例句】e.g.Thebookisbasedonhistoricalevents.這本書(shū)是根據(jù)歷史事件寫(xiě)成的。【拓展】historical的名詞形式是history。e.g.Historyiswelltaughtinthatschool.那所學(xué)校歷史教得很好?？键c(diǎn)4.stairn.階梯（pl.），樓梯【例句】Thegirlwassittingonthebottomstair.那個(gè)女孩坐在最下面的一級(jí)臺(tái)階上。Ipassedhimonthestairs.我在樓梯上超過(guò)了他?！就卣埂縮tair-carpetn.鋪在樓梯上的地毯stairheadn.樓梯頂；梯口staircasen.(=stairway)樓[階]梯，樓梯間[室]考點(diǎn)5.capturev.俘獲，捕獲，奪取【例句】Theycapturedanescapedcriminallastweek.他們上周抓住一名逃犯。【拓展】catch,capture這兩個(gè)詞都含有“抓住，捕捉”的意思。(1)catch是常用詞，側(cè)重通過(guò)追捕、誘捕或突然行動(dòng)而捉住對(duì)方。e.g.Thepolicecaughtthethief.警察抓住了小偷。(2)capture語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)，暗示更不利的條件，要通過(guò)武力或計(jì)謀，戰(zhàn)勝困難而捕獲對(duì)方。e.g.Wecapturedthemalive.我們把他們活捉了?？键c(diǎn)6.helpn.幫忙【例句】Thismapisn'tmuchhelp.這張地圖用處不大?！就卣埂縣elpv.幫助；幫忙helpfuladj.有用的，有幫助的，有益helplessadj.需要得到幫助的，無(wú)助的【指點(diǎn)迷津】help,helpwith與helpsbwithsth三者都可以表示“幫助”。(l)help多用作及物動(dòng)詞，后面跟名詞或代詞，也可以跟動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。不定式可帶to也可不帶too。e.g.Somestudentsarehelpingher.一些學(xué)生正在幫助她。Sportshelppeople(to)livehappily.運(yùn)動(dòng)有助于人們生活愉快。(2)helpwith后面直接接名詞或代詞。e.g.Shehastohelpwiththewashing.她得幫助洗衣服。(3)helpsbwithsth表示“幫助某人做某事”。e.g.Johnaskedmetohelphimwithhislessonsthisevening.約翰要我今天晚上幫他復(fù)習(xí)功課?？键c(diǎn)7.ordern.命令，指示【例句】Allthesoldiersmustobeytheorderstheyreceivefromtheircaptains.所有的土兵都必須絕對(duì)服從來(lái)自他們長(zhǎng)官的命令?！就卣埂縤nordertodosth為了做某事;inorderthat目的在于，為了。這兩個(gè)詞條可以進(jìn)行改寫(xiě)。e.g.Inordertocatchthetrain,shehurriedthroughherwork.為了趕火車(chē)，她匆匆做完了她的工作。此句可改寫(xiě)為：Shehurriedthroughherworkinorderthatshecouldcatchthetrain.考點(diǎn)8.celebratev.慶祝，祝賀【例句】WecelebratedtheNewYearwithadanceparty.我們舉行跳舞晚會(huì)慶祝新年。Thenamesofmanyheroesarecelebratedbythepoets.許多英雄的名字為詩(shī)人所歌頌。Icelelratedmybirthdaywithabigparty.我開(kāi)了個(gè)派對(duì)來(lái)慶祝我的生日?！就卣埂俊境Ｓ么钆洹縞elebrateChristmas慶祝圣誕節(jié)celebrateone'sbirthday慶祝某人的生日celebrateaweddinganniversary慶祝結(jié)婚紀(jì)念日celebrateavictory/success慶祝勝利【知識(shí)拓展】celebrationn.慶祝，慶典e.g.Hisfatherheldabirthdaycelebrationforhimonhisbirthday.他父親在他生日那天為他舉辦了一個(gè)生日慶祝會(huì)?？键c(diǎn)9.includev.包括，包含【例句】Hehadincludedalargenumberoffunnystoriesinthespeech.他在講話中加進(jìn)了許多引人發(fā)笑的故事。Yourdutiesincludecheckingthepostanddistributingit.你的職責(zé)是檢查郵件并分發(fā)?！就卣埂窟@兩個(gè)單詞都含有“包括，包含”的意思。(l)include強(qiáng)調(diào)“包括作為整體的一部分”。e.g.Thelistincludedhisname.這個(gè)名單上包括他的名字。(2)involve指“由于同主體有聯(lián)系而必須含有”。e.g.Housekeepinginvolvescooking,washingandcleaning.家務(wù)包括烹飪、洗衣和清掃?？键c(diǎn)10.secret【例句】(1)adj.秘密的；隱秘的e.gSheescapedthroughasecretdoor.她從暗門(mén)逃走了。(2)n.秘密；機(jī)密；秘訣；竅門(mén)e.g.Ican'ttellyouwherewe'regoing--it'sasecret.我不能告訴你我們要去哪里——這是秘密。Whatisthesecretofhissuccess?他成功的秘訣是什么？【拓展】【常用搭配】insecret秘密地；暗地里【知識(shí)拓展】secretlyadv.秘密地e.g.Thegovernmentsecretlyagreedtopaythekidnappers.政府暗中答應(yīng)給綁匪贖金?？键c(diǎn)11.darknessn.黑暗，漆黑【例句】e.g.Theroomwasincompletelydarkness.房間一片漆黑?！就卣埂俊局R(shí)拓展】adj.+ness（后綴）→n.e.g.illness疾病sickness疾病，惡心carelessness粗心kindness仁慈happiness幸福brightness明亮，亮度lightness光亮考點(diǎn)12.succeedv.成功；做成【例句】e.g.Hesucceededintheexamination.他考試及格了。【拓展】【常用搭配】succeedindoingsth成功地做某事e.g.Peoplehavesucceededinputtingastronautsonthemoon.人類已成功地將宇航員送上月球?！局R(shí)拓展】successn.成功，成就，勝利successfuladj.成功的successfullyadv.順利地，成功地e.g.Attheageofthirtyhewongreatsuccessinbusiness.在他三十歲的時(shí)候他的生意取得了巨大的成功。Myambitionistobeasuccessfulmanlikemyfather.我希望能成為像我爸爸一樣成功的人。語(yǔ)法精講——現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（1）構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由助動(dòng)詞have+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成，助動(dòng)詞have有人稱和數(shù)的變化。第三人稱單數(shù)用has，其余用have.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定式直接在助動(dòng)詞后面加上not、疑問(wèn)式是把助動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)之前。以study為例，其否定式、疑問(wèn)式和簡(jiǎn)單回答形式如下：否定式疑問(wèn)式Ihavenot(haven’t)studied….HaveIstudied…?Youhavenot(haven’t)studied….Haveyoustudied…?Hehasnot(hasn’t)studied….Hashestudied…?否定疑問(wèn)式簡(jiǎn)單回答（肯定/否定）HaveInot(Haven’tI)studied…?Yes,youhave.No,youhaven’t.Haveyounot(Haven’tyou)studied…?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.Hashenot(Hasn’the)studied…?Yes,hehas.No,hehasn’t.（2）用法：①表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，但此動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在留下了某種影響和結(jié)果。-Wouldyouliketohavelunchwithme?-No,I'vehadit.(現(xiàn)在不餓了)Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女兒剛出去。I’msurewe’vemetbefore.我肯定我們以前見(jiàn)過(guò)面。②表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作，此動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，有可能到目前停止，也可能繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。往往和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如recently,already,just,lately,for…,since…,yet等。Hehastaughtheresince1981.他自1981年就在這兒教書(shū)。（可能還要繼續(xù)教）Ihaven’tseenherforfouryears.我有四年沒(méi)見(jiàn)到她了。Wehaven’tseenyourecently.最近我們沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到你。Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears.他們離開(kāi)已經(jīng)兩年了?！镒⒁猓?）since和for的區(qū)別since后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，如1993，lastterm,yesterday,thetimeIgottherefor后接一段時(shí)間，表示“長(zhǎng)達(dá)多久”，如tenyears,awhile,twodays等。（3）havebeento/havegoneto/havebeenin區(qū)別havebeento曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，現(xiàn)在不在那地方了（已經(jīng)回來(lái)），后可加次數(shù)如：once,twice,threetimes,表示去過(guò)某地幾次，也可和just,never,ever連用。eg:HehasbeentoChinatwice.havegoneto去了…（沒(méi)回來(lái)）eg:Hehasgonetoschool,soheisn’tathome.havebeenin（表示在某地呆了多少時(shí)間）常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用eg:HehasbeeninChinaforthereyears.他到中國(guó)已經(jīng)有三年了.（4）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenIcamein，但可以和already,yet,sometimes,always,often,before,just(放在句中),lately,recently,once,twice,ever,never等連用。例如：Shehasalreadycome.她已經(jīng)來(lái)了。（already用與肯定句中）Ihaven’treadityet.我還沒(méi)讀過(guò)這個(gè)。（yet用與疑問(wèn)句和否定句中）Ihavemethimbefore.我從前曾見(jiàn)過(guò)他。（before放在句末）MaHonghasalwaysbeenagoodstudent.馬紅一直是個(gè)好學(xué)生。TheyhaveneverbeentoYan’an.他們從未去過(guò)延安。Ihaven'tseenhimlately.我近來(lái)沒(méi)看到他。Ihavebeentheretwice.我去過(guò)那里兩次。（twice幾次等放在句末表示經(jīng)歷，前面要用一般現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)）（5）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)都表示在過(guò)去完成的動(dòng)作,但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系,如對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響等，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。試比較：Ihavelostmynewbook.我把新書(shū)丟了。（解析：現(xiàn)在還未找到）Ilostmynewbookyesterday.我昨天把新書(shū)丟了。（解析：昨天丟的，現(xiàn)在找到與否沒(méi)說(shuō)明）（6）延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示“動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)候開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在”或“在某一時(shí)間段內(nèi)動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞?，F(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（短暫性或瞬間動(dòng)詞）到延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：buy→haveborrow→keepdie→bedeadcomeback→bebackleave→beawaybegin(start)→beonarrive→beherejoin→bein或beamemberofeg:Hehasbeeninthearmyforthreeyears.他參軍三年了。(bein)Hisfatherhasbeendeadfortwoyears.他父親去世二年了。(bedead)Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes.電影已開(kāi)始十分鐘了。(beon)注意:在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中,瞬間或短暫性動(dòng)詞不能和for引導(dǎo)的段時(shí)間連用。例：Hehasboughtthebookfor3years.(錯(cuò))解析：因?yàn)檫@個(gè)瞬間性動(dòng)詞不能和一段時(shí)間連用，應(yīng)改正為：Hehashadthebookfor3years.(解析：用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞have代替buy)Heboughtthebook3yearsago.(解析：也可以改為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，使句子的意思不變)Focusedpractice一、用since和for填空1.JimhasbeeninIreland______Monday.2.JillhasbeeninIreland______threedays.3.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia______15days.4.Maryisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere______7o'clock.5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry______1974.6.Thebusislate.They'vebeenwaiting______20minutes.Keys:1.since2.for3.for4.since5.since6.for二、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及goto形式填空。1)WhereisJack?He__________hiscountryyesterday.2)David________theparkjustnow.4)Howlong_____he__________thisvillage?5)TheSmiths______Beijingfor5years.6)_____youever____________America?--Yes,I____________theremanytimes.7)I__________________thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.8)WhereisJim?He___________thefarmsinceIcamehere.9)When_____he_____?He_______anhourago.10)Wouldyouliketo_____thezoowithme?---Yes,butI_____therebefore.11)Where_____you_____now?---I____thezoo.12)Heoften_____swimming.13)_____you______therelastyear?14)_____theyoften______skatinginwinter?Keys:1.wentto2.wentto4.hasbeenin5.hasbeenin6.Havebeento;havebeen7.havebeenin8.hasgoneto9.didgo;went10.go;havebeen11.didgo;went12.goes13.Didgo14.Dogo三、延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和瞬間性動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)化1.Hedied10yearsago.----He______________for10years/since10yearsago.2.Heborrowedthebook2weeksago.-------He_____________thebookfor2weeks.3.Heboughtthemotorbikeamonthago.------He___________themotorbikeforamonth.4.Hearrivedherethreedaysago.------He____________heresincethreedaysago.6.Helefthere2yearsago.-------He____________fromherefor2years.7.Thefilmbegan30minutesago.------Thefilm__________for30minutes.9.Theyclosedthedooranhourago.--------Thedoor___________foranhour.10.Hejoinedthearmylastyear.He_____________thearmyforayear.Keys:1.hasbeendead2.haskept3.hashad4.hasbeen6.hasbeenaway7.hasbeenon9.hasbeenclosed10.hasbeenamemberofImportantSentencesstructures.1.Thesoldiercamedownthestairs-twoatatime.atatime表示“依次，逐一，每次”的意思。e.g.Takethepillstwoatatime.每次服兩粒。Sheranupthestairstwoatatime.她一步兩階地跑上樓梯。2.Outsidethemaingatesofthecitystoodahugewoodenhouse.(1)此句為倒裝句，應(yīng)為Ahugehorsemadeofwoodstoodoutsidethemaingatesofthecity.英語(yǔ)中，倒裝句表示強(qiáng)調(diào)或引起注意。e.g.Thedooropenedandincameamiddle-agedwoman.門(mén)開(kāi)了，進(jìn)來(lái)一位中年婦女，(2)ahugehorsemadeofwood木制的大馬madeofwood為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作名詞的定語(yǔ)，通常放在這一名詞的后面。3.It'ssobigthattheycouldn’ttakeitwiththem.so…that如此……以至于……（中間使用形容詞或副詞，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句）e.g.Theyaresoexcitedthattheyhaveforgottogohome.他們是如此高興以至于忘記了回家。Itrainedsoheavilythatwehadtostayathome.雨下得如此大，以至于我們不得不呆在家中?！局R(shí)拓展】(1)so…that…后接肯定句可轉(zhuǎn)換成enoughto的結(jié)構(gòu)，變成簡(jiǎn)單句。e.g.IamsotallthatIcanreachtheshelf.=Iamtallenoughtoreachtheshelf.(2)so…that…后接否定句可轉(zhuǎn)換成too…to的結(jié)構(gòu)，變成簡(jiǎn)單句。e.g.Theboxwassoheavythathecouldn'tcarryit.=Theboxwastooheavyforhimtocarry.4.SotheTrojansdraggeditintothecitywithropes.drag…withropes中with表示“以……方式，用……手段”。e.g.write…withapen用筆寫(xiě)，…cut…withaknife用刀切……【知識(shí)拓展】with還可解釋為“帶有，具有”。e.g.Sheisabeautifulgirlwithlonghair.她是一位有著長(zhǎng)頭發(fā)的漂亮女孩。Theladygotonthebuswithababyinherarm.這位女士手里抱著一個(gè)小孩上了公共汽車(chē)。with還可解釋為“隨著”。e.g.Withthedevelopmentofcomputerscience,youcanknowalmosteverythingwithoutgoingout.隨著計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)的發(fā)展，你可以不用出門(mén)就可以了解天下。5.Noguardsstoppedthemastheyopenedthemaingates.句中的as解釋為“當(dāng)……時(shí)，正值……”。e.g.AsIwalkingclownthestreetInoticedapolicecar.當(dāng)我在街上走的時(shí)候，我看到了一輛警車(chē)。作為從屬連詞，三者都有“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”的意思，但用法稍有不同。(1)as強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句動(dòng)作或事情同時(shí)發(fā)生或進(jìn)行，常譯為。一邊……一邊……”，此時(shí)as也可換作when或while。e.g.As(When/While)Iwaswalkingalongtheroad,Inoticedapolicecarinfrontofashop.當(dāng)我沿著公路行走時(shí)，我注意到一家商店門(mén)口停著一輛警車(chē)。如果表示兩個(gè)短時(shí)間動(dòng)作或事件同時(shí)發(fā)生，最常用as(justas)。e.g.AsIsatdownonthechair,hegavemeacupoftea.就在我在椅子上坐下時(shí)，他給了我一杯茶。(2)when和while意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，when可以表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)，也可以表示一段時(shí)間，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是終止性和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞都可。而while只表示“在某一段時(shí)間里”，因此它引導(dǎo)的句子中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的。e.g.While(When)wewereinBeijing,wesawhimtwice.我們?cè)诒本┑臅r(shí)候，看到過(guò)他兩次。Whentheclockstrucktwelve,allthelightswentout.(不能用while)當(dāng)鐘聲敲響12點(diǎn)時(shí)，所有的燈都熄滅了。【友情提示】while還可用作并列連詞，表對(duì)比，意為“而，然而”，when也可作并列連詞，表示“恰在此時(shí)，就在這時(shí)候”，as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)還可表示“隨著”。IlikeP.E.,whileshelikesmusic.我喜歡體育，而她喜歡音樂(lè)。Iwasabouttoleavewhenthephonerang.我剛要離開(kāi)，這時(shí)電話鈴響了。Asthetimewenton,histheoryprovedtobetrue.隨著時(shí)間流逝，他的理論證明是正確的。6.Ithadreturnedinthedarknesswhenthecitizenswerecelebratinginside.return=comeback，goback意為“回來(lái)，回去”。return還可作“歸還”講，等于giveback，所以return不能與back相連。e.g.Yourmotherwillreturninamoment.你的母親一會(huì)兒就回來(lái)，Donotforgettoreturnmykey.不要忘記還我的鑰匙。7.Nowthearmyenteredthecity.Enter=comeinto，gointo意為“進(jìn)入”，所以enter不能與into相連。e.g.Whentheteacherenteredtheclassroom,thestudentsstoppedtalking.當(dāng)老師走進(jìn)教室時(shí)，學(xué)生們停止說(shuō)話。8.ThentheTrojansmadesureallthegatesofthecityweresecurelylocked,andtheyallwenttosleep,includingthegateguards.makesure表示“確信”，gotosleep表示“入睡，睡著”，注意：including在本句中是介詞用法。e.g.Allanimalsincludingmenfeedonplantsorotheranimals.包括人類在內(nèi)的所有動(dòng)物都以植物或其他動(dòng)物為食。I’vegotthreedays,holidayincludingNewYear’sDay.包括元旦在內(nèi)我有三天假。9.Fortenyears,theycouldnotcapturethecitybyfighting.by在這里解釋為“通過(guò)”，后跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞?！局R(shí)拓展】by還可以在不同的情況下連接賓格、反身代詞、時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)。e.g.Mywalletwasstolenbyathief.我的錢(qián)包被一個(gè)小偷偷了。Canyoufinishitbyyourself?你能自己完成嗎？Bytheendoflastterm,Ihadlearned800Englishwords.到上學(xué)期期末為止，我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了800個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞了。Theywerefishingbytheriver.他們正在河邊釣魚(yú)。PracticePractice一、閱讀單選TerryfromKenya,62yearsold,hasspent20yearsinthecityhenowcallsithome.HavinglivedinBeijingformorethan20years,TerryhasfinallymadehisChinesedreamcometrue—becomingavolunteer.Heisoftenseengivingtouristsdirections,gettingwaterforababyandevenhelpinganeighborsellcolddrinks.“Ilikehelpingotherpeople,”hesaid.“ThisiswhereIlive,wheremyfriendsareandwhereIcallhome.”TerrybecameinterestedinChinesecultureasateenagerwhenhereadtheTaoTeChingbyLaozi.In1981,hewenttoShanghai.HisfirstvisittoBeijingwassixyearslateronbusiness.TerryandhisfamilymovedtoBeijingin1997,sincethenhehaslivedandworkedinBeijing.NowTerrycanmaketraditionalBeijingbean-pastenoodles,andwhenhegoestoarestaurant,heusuallyordersdumplingsandsometraditionalBeijingdishes.Helikeschattingwithtaxidrivers.“IammorefamiliarwiththelivesoftaxidriversthanmostBeijingers,”hesaid.“WhenIseetheirlicensenumbers,Icantellhowmanyyearstheyhaveworked.”“Theyaresoknowledgeable,”hesaid.“IlearnedmanyChinesefromthem.”TerrydoesnotwanttoleaveBeijing.Hesaid,“Yourhomeiswhereyourthingsare.Inthissense,Beijingismyhome.NowIjustenjoylivinghere.”根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇正確答案。1．HowlonghasTerrybeeninChina?A．Foralmost62years. B．Fornearly40years.C．Forover30years. D．Forover20years.2．WhatdidTerryoftenhelphisneighbortodo?A．Tosellcolddrinks. B．Togetwater.C．Togivethemdirection. D．Tobuyhotwater.3．WhendidTerry’sfamilymovetoBeijing?A．In1981. B．In1987. C．In1997. D．In1999.4．WhomdoesTerryliketochatwith?A．Sometourists. B．Taxidrivers. C．Hisfriends. D．Hisfamily.5．WheredoesTerryenjoyliving?A．InShanghai. B．InKenya. C．InBeijing. D．InJilin.【答案】1．D2．A3．C4．B5．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹了62歲的Terry來(lái)自肯尼亞，在北京生活了20多年后，他終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了成為一名志愿者的中國(guó)夢(mèng)。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HavinglivedinBeijingformorethan20years”可知，Terry在中國(guó)生活了20多年。故選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“He...evenhelpinganeighborsellcolddrinks”可知，他經(jīng)常幫助鄰居賣(mài)冷飲。故選A。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TerryandhisfamilymovedtoBeijingin1997”可知，Terry和家人在1997年搬到北京，故選C。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Helikeschattingwithtaxidrivers.”可知，他喜歡和出租車(chē)司機(jī)聊天，故選B。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Beijingismyhome.NowIjustenjoylivinghere”可知，Terry喜歡居住在北京。故選C。MarcoPolowasoneoftheworld’smostfamousexplorers.HewasborninVenice,Italyin1254.Whenhewasseventeenyearsold,hewentonatriptoAsiathatlasted24years.MarcoPolo’stravellateraffectedmanypeople.In1271,MarcoPololeftVenicewithhisfatheranduncleandsetoutforAsia.ThepurposeoftheirtripwastomeetwithKublaiKhanwhoruledalargepartofAsia.OntheirwaytomeetthekingathispalaceinChina,theytraveledthroughmuchoftheMiddleEastandCentralAsia.In1275,theyfinallyarrivedatthepalaceofKublaiKhan.KublaiKhangrewtolikeMarcoPoloverymuch.Infact,helikedhimsomuchthathewantedMarcoPolotoworkforhim.SothekingsentMarcoPolotodifferentplacesinChina,IndiaandMyanmar.MarcoPolostayedinChinawithKublaiKhanfor17years.Overthattime,hecollectedmanyjewels(寶石)andlotsofgold.MarcoPoloreturnedtoVenicewithhisfatherandunclein1295.PeopleoftenwenttoMarcoPolo’shometohearstoriesabouthistravels.Hebecameagreatstoryteller.MarcoPolowasknownas“themanwithamillionstories”.Helatermetawriterwhowascrazyabouthisstories.ThewriterlikedthemsomuchthathewroteabookaboutMarcoPolo’stravels.ThebookaboutMarcoPolo’stravelstaughtEuropeansaboutplacesinAsiatheyknewlittleabout.ThebookalsotaughtpeopleaboutthegeographyofAsia.SomeofthesepeoplewereexplorerswhousedtheinformationinMarcoPolo’sbookontheirownjourneys.ThebestknownoftheseexplorerswasChristopherColumbus.6．MarcoPolospent________goingtoChinafromVenice.A．fourteenyears B．sevenyearsC．fouryears D．seventeenyears7．DuringtheyearsinChina,MarcoPolo________.A．workedforKublaiKhanB．wrotealotaboutChinaC．collectedmanybooksaboutChinaD．madefriendswithChineseexplorers8．________wroteabookaboutMarcoPolo’stravel.A．MarcoPolo B．Awriter C．Hisfather D．Hisuncle9．Thepassageismainlydevelopedby________.A．providingexamples B．showdifferencesC．describingaprocess D．followingthetimeorder【答案】6．C7．A8．B9．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了一位意大利旅行家——馬可波羅。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中第二段“In1271,MarcoPololeftVenicewithhisfatheranduncleandsetoutforAsia.”以及第三段“In1275,theyfinallyarrivedatthepalaceofKublaiKhan.”可以推斷出，他們從離開(kāi)威尼斯到到達(dá)中國(guó)用了四年。故選C。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第三段“Infact,helikedhimsomuchthathewantedMarcoPolotoworkforhim.So,thekingsentMarcoPolotodifferentplacesinChina,India,andBurma.”可知，在中國(guó)期間，馬可波羅為忽必烈工作。故選A。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第四段“Helatermetawriterwhowascrazyabouthisstories.ThewriterlikedthemsomuchthathewroteabookaboutMarcoPolo’stravels.”可知，是一位作家寫(xiě)的關(guān)于馬可波羅旅行的書(shū)。故選B。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“In1271,MarcoPololeftVenicewithhisfatheranduncleandsetoutforAsia.”，第三段“In1275,theyfinallyarrivedatthepalaceofKublaiKhan.”以及第四段“MarcoPoloreturnedtoVenicewithhisfatherandunclein1295.”可以看出，文中是按時(shí)間順序來(lái)寫(xiě)的。故選D。Brian’scousin,Helen,isgoingonatrip.Sheisreadingherflightbookingform.StarTravelFLIGHTBOOKINGFORMBookingreference.4789HPDate:3March20xxTitle:Mr/Mrs/MsFirstname:HelenSurname:PangFlightdetailsAirlines:StarAirlinesTickettype:ReturnDeparturefrom:ShanghaiPudongInternationalAirport,ShanghaiDestination:HancdaAirport,TokyoFlightnumber:SA381Seatnumber:55A（window）Departuredate:24May（Saturday）Departuretime:09:30Arrivaltime:14:20（localtime）Returnfrom:KansaiInternationalAirport,OsakaDestination:ShanghaiPudongInternationalAirport,ShanghaiFlightnumber:SA371Seatnumber:34K（window）Departuredate:8June（Sunday）Departuretime:19:50Arrivaltime:22:40（localtime）Cabinclass:First/Business/Premium/EconomyMeal:VegetarianAirfare:￥3,280+V458Airport（tax）Total:￥3,738（Paidbycreditcard）Note:PleaseconfirmyourticketONEweekbeforethedeparturedate-Pleasemakesureyourpassporthasnotexpired（過(guò)期）beforedeparture.Somecountriesmaynotallowyoutoenterifitisnotvalidforthecomingsixmonthsfromthedateofentry.Checkourwebsite:www.Startravel,com.Pleasenotethatyoumayneedtopayextraforcheck-inluggageover22kg.Formoreinformation,pleasecallus（28370298）orsendusanemail（enquiries@）10．HowmanynightsisHelenstayinginJapan?A．7. B．10. C．15. D．20.11．WhendoesHelen’sflightleavefromShanghai?A． B． C． D．12．WhattypeoffoodwouldHelenchooseonherflight?A．chicken. B．Fish. C．Beef. D．Mixedvegetables.13．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Helenhasonlybookedasingleticket.B．HelenisarrivingatanddepartingfromthesameairportinJapan.C．HelenisarrivinginJapanintheafternoon.D．Helenisstayinginthesamecityforthewholetrip.14．Whichtypeoftraveldocument（文件）doesHelenneedtocheckbeforeherflight?A．Passport. B．Luggageweight. C．Flighttickets. D．Travelagency’swebsite.15．WhenwouldHelenpaymore?A．Ifherpassportexpired. B．Ifhersuitcaseweighed24kg.C．Ifshearrivedattheairportlate. D．IfshewasrefusedtoenterJapan.【答案】10．C11．B12．D13．C14．A15．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了海倫的航班預(yù)訂信息，同時(shí)提供了一些旅行前需要注意的事項(xiàng)。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中兩個(gè)日期“24May,8June”分別是往返日期可知，在日本要住15個(gè)晚上。故選C。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中上海的起飛時(shí)間“09:30”可知，九點(diǎn)半離開(kāi)上海。故選B。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中“Meal:Vegetarian”可知，海倫在飛機(jī)上可以吃混合蔬菜。故選D。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個(gè)“Arrivaltime:14:20（localtime）到達(dá)時(shí)間：14:20（當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間）”可知，這與C選項(xiàng)“海倫將于下午抵達(dá)日本”描述相符，C項(xiàng)是正確的。故選C。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Note第二條“Pleasemakesureyourpassporthasnotexpired（過(guò)期）beforedeparture.請(qǐng)確保您的護(hù)照在出發(fā)前沒(méi)有過(guò)期。”可判斷出，海倫啟程前要注意檢查護(hù)照是否過(guò)期。故選A。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Note第三條“Pleasenotethatyoumayneedtopayextraforcheck-inluggageover22kg.請(qǐng)注意，超過(guò)22公斤的托運(yùn)行李可能需要額外付費(fèi)?！辈⒔Y(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，海倫如果她的手提箱重達(dá)24公斤會(huì)付更多的錢(qián)。故選B。二、閱讀回答問(wèn)題YoumightthinkthatOlympicsportsmenarethehealthiestpeopleintheworld.It’struethatmanyare.However,it’salsotruethatquiteafewOlympicsportsmenhadtoovercomeillnessesearlyintheirlives.OneexcellentexampleisWilmaRudolph.Shecompetedintrack-and-field(田徑)eventsinthe1960Olympics.Shedidn’twinjustonegoldmedal.Shewonthree.Atthetime,peoplecalledher“thefastestwomanintheworld”.Asayoungchild,WilmaRudolphcouldnottakepartinsportsbecauseshehadseveralkindsofseriousillnesses.Attheageof4,sheevengotpolio(小兒麻痹癥).Shelosttheuseofherleftleg,andthedoctorssaidshewouldneverwalkagain.ThepeopleinRudolph’sfamilydidev