高考英語培優(yōu)增分一輪人教經(jīng)典版培優(yōu)講義必修22Unit2　TheOlympicGames

話題素材——體育運(yùn)動(dòng)[話題詞匯]1．swiftadj.迅速的；敏捷的2.applaudv.鼓掌歡迎；熱情稱贊3．volunteern.志愿者4.championn.冠軍5．cheerv.歡呼；喝彩6.takeanactivepartin積極參加7．break_the_record打破紀(jì)錄8．pete_with_sb._in_sth.和某人在某方面競(jìng)爭(zhēng)9．a(chǎn)closegame勢(shì)均力敵的比賽10.stand_for代表；主張11．onaregularbasis定期地12.strengthenfriendship增進(jìn)友誼13．build_up_one's_body強(qiáng)身健體14.goallouttodo...全力以赴做……15．recorderholder紀(jì)錄保持者[經(jīng)典佳句]1．Themostimportantthinginthegamesisnottowinbuttoparticipate.比賽中重在參與而不是取勝。2．As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_runningisnot_onlyagoodwaytobuildupourstrengthbut_alsohelpusrelaxandrelieve_the_pressureoflearning.就我個(gè)人而言，跑步不僅是強(qiáng)身健體的好方法而且有助于我們放松，緩解學(xué)習(xí)壓力。3．ThefiveringsontheOlympicflagstand_forthefivecontinentsontheearth,which_meansanycountrycan_take_part_intheOlympicGames.奧運(yùn)五環(huán)旗中的五環(huán)代表地球上的五大洲，這意味著任何國(guó)家都可以參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)。精美語篇TheOlympicGames,firstheldin776BC,hasahistoryofmorethanonethousandyears.ThemodernGamesisheldeveryfouryears.ManycountriestrytheirbesttobidforhostingtheOlympicGames.AndeverycountrydoesitsbesttogetmoremedalsintheGames.TherearefiveringsontheOlympicflag,whichareconsideredtosymbolizethefivecontinents:Europe,Asia,Africa,OceaniaandAmerica.TheOlympicmottois“Swifter,HigherandStronger.”TheGamescanpromotetheunderstandingandfriendshipamongdifferentpeoplesanddifferentnations.◆高頻單詞1．a(chǎn)ncient(adj.)古代的；古老的2．pete(vi.)比賽；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)→petition(n.)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)→petitive(adj.)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的；有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的→petitor(n.)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者3．Greece(n.)希臘→Greek(adj.)希臘(人)的；希臘語的(n.)希臘人；希臘語4．magical(adj.)巫術(shù)的；魔術(shù)的；有魔力的→magic(n.)魔術(shù)；法術(shù)；巫術(shù)5．volunteer(n.)志愿者；志愿兵(adj.)志愿的；義務(wù)的(vt.&vi.)自愿→voluntary(adj.)自愿的；志愿的6．regular(adj.)規(guī)則的；定期的；常規(guī)的→regulation(n.)規(guī)則；規(guī)章制度7．basis(n.)基礎(chǔ)；根據(jù)→bases(pl.)基礎(chǔ)；根據(jù)→basic(adj.)基本的；基礎(chǔ)的8．a(chǎn)dmit(vt.&vi.)容許；承認(rèn)；接納→admission(n.)準(zhǔn)入；準(zhǔn)許→admitted(過去式/過去分詞)9．slave(n.)奴隸→slavery(n.)奴隸制10．host(vt.)做東；主辦；招待(n.)主人→hostess(n.)女主人11．responsibility(n.)責(zé)任；職責(zé)→responsible(adj.)有責(zé)任心的12．replace(vt.)取代；替換；代替→replacement(n.)替換；更換13．swift(adj.)快的；迅速的→swiftly(adv.)迅速地14．charge(vt.&vi.)收費(fèi)；控訴(n.)費(fèi)用；主管15．physical(adj.)物理的；身體的→physics(n.)物理學(xué)16．a(chǎn)dvertise(vt.&vi.)做廣告；登廣告→advertiser(n.)廣告商→advertisement(n.)廣告17．bargain(vi.)討價(jià)還價(jià)；講條件(n.)便宜貨18．hopeless(adj.)沒有希望的；絕望的→hopeful(adj.)有希望的19．foolish(adj.)愚蠢的；傻的→fool(vt.)愚弄；欺騙20．pain(n.)疼痛；痛苦→painful(adj.)令人痛苦的21．deserve(vi.&vt.)應(yīng)受(報(bào)答或懲罰)；值得◆重點(diǎn)短語1．pete_in參加(比賽/競(jìng)賽)2．take_part_in參加；參與3．stand_for代表；象征；表示4．a(chǎn)s_well也；又；還5．in_charge主管；看管6．onpurpose故意地；蓄意地7．makeabargainwithsb.與某人達(dá)成協(xié)議；與某人討價(jià)還價(jià)8．pickup拾起；接收；搭車；恢復(fù)；好轉(zhuǎn)；(偶然)學(xué)會(huì)9．workout計(jì)算出；理解；解決；鍛煉10．oneafteranother陸續(xù)地；一個(gè)接一個(gè)地11．a(chǎn)partfrom除……之外◆熱點(diǎn)句型1．nor放于句首的倒裝句Noothercountriescouldjoinin,nor_could_slaves_or_women(奴隸和婦女也不能參加)！(教材P10)2．notonly...but(also)...“不僅……而且……”Womenarenot_only_allowed(不但被允許),but_play_a_very_important_role_in(而且在……中發(fā)揮重要作用)gymnastics,athletics,teamsportsand...(教材P10)3．a(chǎn)smuch＋不可數(shù)名詞＋as...“和……(在程度上)是一樣的”There'sas_much_petitionamongcountriestohosttheOlympicsas_to_win_Olympic_medals(跟爭(zhēng)奪奧運(yùn)獎(jiǎng)牌一樣激烈)．(教材P10)4．the＋比較級(jí)，the＋比較級(jí)“越……越……”Thisisimportantbecausethe_more_you_speak_English,_the_better_your_English_will_bee(你說英語越多，你的英語就越好)．(教材P16)◆同步訓(xùn)練在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1．Pausanias,whowasa________(Greece)writerabout2,000yearsago,haseona________(magic)journeyonMarch18th,2007tofindoutaboutthepresent－dayOlympicGames.答案：Greek;magical2．Ilivedin________youcall“AncientGreece”andIusedtowriteabouttheOlympicGamesalongtimeago.答案：what3．Onlyathletes________havereachedtheagreedstandardfortheireventwillbeadmitted________petitors.答案：who;as4．It'sintheSummerOlympics________youhavetherunningraces,together________swimming,sailingandalltheteamsports.答案：that;with5．________amatteroffact,everycountrywantstheopportunity.答案：As6．It'sagreat________(responsible)butalsoagreathonourtobechosen.答案：responsibility7．Ifyouarediscovered,youwill________(fine)．答案：befined8．Shewasnotallowed________(run)andwingloryforherselfintheOlympicGames.答案：torun9．Shewas________angrythatshesaidtoherfatherthatshewouldnotmarryanyone________couldnotrunfasterthanher.答案：so;who10．Therewasaman________(call)HippomeneswhowasamazedwhenheheardofAtalanta'srules.答案：called1petevi.比賽；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)教材原句HowmanycountriespetedintheancientOlympicGames？(P9)有多少國(guó)家參加了古代奧運(yùn)會(huì)？(1)petein參加(比賽/競(jìng)賽)petefor為……而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)peteagainst/withsb.forsth.與某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)某物(2)petitionn．比賽；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)petitorn．比賽者；對(duì)手petitiveadj.有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性的pete多用作不及物動(dòng)詞，必須跟適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~才能跟賓語。表示與某人比賽用with或against；表示比賽的目的用for；表示比賽參與的項(xiàng)目時(shí)用in。①Likemanyyoungathletes,shehadOlympicdreams,butaseriousillnesskeptherfrompeting_intheGames.和很多年輕運(yùn)動(dòng)員一樣，她也有奧運(yùn)夢(mèng)想，但嚴(yán)重的疾病使她無法參加奧運(yùn)會(huì)比賽。②Youngchildrenwillusuallypete_fortheirmother'sattention.小孩通常都會(huì)在母親面前爭(zhēng)寵。③Lifeislikealongracewherewepete_withotherstogobeyondourselves.人生就像長(zhǎng)跑比賽，在這場(chǎng)比賽中我們常常在與他人的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)過程中來超越自己。④Thereisnowintensepetitionbetweenschoolstoattractstudents.現(xiàn)在學(xué)校之間為了招攬生源展開了激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。⑤Nobodycanentirelykeepawayfromthispetitiveworld.沒有人能夠完全遠(yuǎn)離這個(gè)充滿競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的社會(huì)。2admitvt.&vi.容許；承認(rèn)；接納；容納教材原句Onlyathleteswhohavereachedtheagreedstandardfortheireventwillbeadmittedaspetitors.(P10)只有比賽項(xiàng)目達(dá)標(biāo)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員才有資格成為參賽者。(1)admit＋n./doing/that從句承認(rèn)某事/做了某事admittosb.that向某人承認(rèn)admitsb./sth.tobe...承認(rèn)某人/物是……beadmittedas作為……被接受beadmittedto/into獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入/加入Itisadmittedthat...人們公認(rèn)……(2)admissionn．進(jìn)入；許可；入場(chǎng)費(fèi)；承認(rèn)，坦白①Benjaminwasforcedtoadmit_what_he_had_been_doing.本杰明被迫承認(rèn)了他一直在做的事情。②Whenthepolicequestionedhim,Georgeadmitted_having_stolenthecar.當(dāng)警察審訊他時(shí)，喬治承認(rèn)他偷了那輛車。③Icouldn'tadmit_to_my_parents_thatIwasfindingthecoursedifficult.我無法向父母實(shí)話實(shí)說，我覺得這門課程很難。④It_is_admitted_thatreadingismostlyapersonalactivitywhichneedsquietnessandconcentration.人們公認(rèn)，讀書在很大程度上是一個(gè)私人活動(dòng)，它需要安靜和專心。⑤Shefailedtogainadmission_totheuniversityofherchoice.她未被自己選擇的大學(xué)錄取。3chargen．費(fèi)用；主管vt.&vi.收費(fèi)；控訴；充電教材原句...dutytobeinchargeandgetintroubleifthingsgowrong(P12)……所負(fù)擔(dān)的責(zé)任以及事情出錯(cuò)后會(huì)陷入的麻煩(1)chargesb.forsth.為某物向某人收費(fèi)chargesb.with(doing)sth.指控某人(做)某事(2)inchargeof主管；看管；負(fù)責(zé)inthechargeof...在……掌管之下takechargeof負(fù)責(zé)；掌管freeofcharge免費(fèi)(1)inchargeof往往以人作主語，指“某人負(fù)責(zé)/主管某事”；inthechargeof往往以物作主語，指“某物由某人主管”。類似的還有inpossessionof和inthepossessionof,incontrolof和inthecontrolof等。(2)charge和accuse都有“指控，控告”之意，但是charge常與介詞with搭配，而accuse常與介詞of搭配。①Aslongasyou'vepaidinadvance,wewon'tcharge_you_fordelivery.只要你預(yù)先付款，我們就不收你送貨費(fèi)。②Bobwas_charged_withthemurder,butherefusedtoadmitit.鮑勃因一起謀殺案被指控，但他沒有承認(rèn)。③Hewas_in_charge_of/took_charge_ofthepanywhilethebosswasabsent.當(dāng)老板不在時(shí)，他負(fù)責(zé)整個(gè)公司。④Wecandelivergoodstoyourdoorfree_of_charge.我們可以免費(fèi)送貨上門。4bargainvi.&vt.討價(jià)還價(jià)；講條件n．便宜貨教材原句Herfathersaidthatshemustmarry,soAtalantamadeabargainwithhim.(P14)父親說她必須結(jié)婚，于是亞特蘭大就和父親達(dá)成了一個(gè)協(xié)議。(1)bargainwithsb.about/over/forsth.和某人就某事討價(jià)還價(jià)(2)makeabargainwithsb.和某人達(dá)成協(xié)議(3)agood/badbargain買得合算/不合算It'sarealbargain.這可真是個(gè)便宜貨。bargain用作名詞時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞，常和不定冠詞連用。①Theywere_bargaining_witheachotherabout/overthepriceofcoffee.他們?cè)跒榭Х鹊膬r(jià)格進(jìn)行商議。②Fathermade_a_bargain_withtherealestateagentwhenweboughtournewhouse.當(dāng)我們買新房時(shí)，父親與那個(gè)房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人達(dá)成了協(xié)議。③Inmyopinion,thecarwasabargainatthatprice.依我來看，那輛車的價(jià)格真便宜。5deservevi.&vt.值得；應(yīng)受(報(bào)答或懲罰)教材原句DoyouthinkHippomenesdeservedtowintherace？(P15)你認(rèn)為希波墨涅斯應(yīng)該(算)贏得比賽嗎？(1)deservesth.值得；應(yīng)受(2)deservetodosth.應(yīng)該做某事(3)deservedoing/tobedone應(yīng)受；值得(4)deservingadj.值得的；應(yīng)得的deserve后接名詞或doingsth.，常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，等于接動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式，該用法與want,need,require的用法相同。①Nomatterhowordinaryajobis,itplaysapartinsocietyandthereforedeserves_our_respect.無論一個(gè)工作多么普通，它在社會(huì)中都起著一份作用，所以值得我們的尊重。②Hedeserves_to_loseinthepetitionbecausehecheated.他活該輸?shù)舯荣?，因?yàn)樗鞅琢恕＂跧tisthosewhoarewillingtogiveratherthanreceivethatdeserve_respecting/to_be_respected.正是那些甘愿奉獻(xiàn)而不索取的人才值得尊敬。④Themandonatesmoneytoadeservingcauseeveryyear.這個(gè)男人每年都要捐錢給一個(gè)值得贊助的事業(yè)。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．—DidJackadmit________(take)somebookswithouttellinganybody?—Yes,hedid.Hesaidhetookthreebooks.答案：havingtakenadmitdoingsth.“承認(rèn)做過某事”，答句中的did為一般過去時(shí)，指代動(dòng)詞admit，而take這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在admit所表示的動(dòng)作之前，故用havingtaken。2．Weattendedadinnerparty________(host)bythepresidentofthepany.答案：hostedhost與adinnerparty之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此用過去分詞hosted作后置定語修飾party。3．Theboywrote“Ihavevisitedhere”onthewallofafamousoldtemple.Hedeserves________(punish)forhissuchbadbehavior.答案：tobepunished/punishing/punishmentdeserve后接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式或接動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式，表示被動(dòng)意義。4．Itwas________(fool)ofyoutorefertoyournotesinsuchanimportanttest.Asaresult,yougotpunished.答案：foolish此處應(yīng)填形容詞作表語，修飾人，表明人的品質(zhì)。5．Sheworkedout________(regular)atthegym,lunchedwithfriends,andenjoyedhertimewithherson.答案：regularly此處修飾動(dòng)詞短語workout，故用副詞。6．We'llensureyoursafetybutyoualsoneedtotake________(responsible)foryouractions.答案：responsibilitytakeresponsibility“承擔(dān)責(zé)任”。Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Ifthereissomethingwrongwiththemachine,itshouldbereportedatoncetotheengineerinthecharge.______________________________________________________答案：去掉charge前的the2．Itisgenerallybelievedthatteacherswillneverbereplacedputersinclass.______________________________________________________答案：replaced后加by3．Shefoundithardtomakebargainwiththismerchant.______________________________________________________答案：make后加a4．Firstofall,ifwewanttostaypetitively,weneedtomodernizeourfactory.______________________________________________________答案：petitively→petitivetakepartin參加；參與教材原句WhocouldnottakepartintheancientOlympicGames？(P9)誰不能參加古代奧運(yùn)會(huì)？takepartin＝j(luò)oinin參加takeanactivepartin積極參加……playapart/rolein在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色(1)takepartin是固定短語，part前一般不用冠詞，但是當(dāng)part前有形容詞修飾時(shí)，形容詞前要用不定冠詞。(2)在使用takepartin時(shí)，若其后無賓語，則不加介詞in。①Take_part_ineco－travelandyouwillfinditwillhelpyouunderstandtheimportanceofnature.參加生態(tài)旅游，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)有助于你理解自然的重要性。②Itgoeswithoutsayingthattaking_an_active_part_insocialactivitiescanbroadenourhorizons.不言而喻，積極參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)能開闊我們的視野。③Chinaisplaying_a_more_important_part_intheinternationalaffairs.中國(guó)在國(guó)際事務(wù)中正起著越來越重要的作用。usedto過去常常；過去曾經(jīng)(后接動(dòng)詞原形)eq\x(\a\al(教材原句,IusedtowriteabouttheOlympicGamesalongtimeago.P9,很久以前，我常常寫一些關(guān)于奧運(yùn)會(huì)的情況。))(1)否定形式：usednotto＋動(dòng)詞原形＝usedn'tto＋動(dòng)詞原形或didnotuseto＋動(dòng)詞原形＝didn'tuseto＋動(dòng)詞原形(2)疑問形式：used＋主語＋to＋動(dòng)詞原形＝did＋主語＋use＋to＋動(dòng)詞原形(3)Thereusedtobe...過去曾經(jīng)有……；過去曾存在……(4)beusedtodosth.被用來做某事beusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事①Iused_tosmoke,butIgaveupacoupleofyearsago.我以前吸煙，但幾年前就戒掉了。②Weare/get_used_tothenoisefromthetrafficnow.現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)適應(yīng)車輛往來的噪音了。③Knivesare_used_tocutthings.刀子被用來切東西。aswell也；又；還(常放在句子末尾，作為副詞短語使用)教材原句ForeachOlympics，aspecialvillageisbuiltforthemtolivein，amainreceptionbuilding，severalstadiumsforpetitions，andagymnasiumaswell.P10每屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)都要建一個(gè)特殊的村莊奧運(yùn)村供參賽的人住宿，一個(gè)主接待樓、幾個(gè)比賽用的體育場(chǎng)，還有一個(gè)室內(nèi)體育館。(1)aswellas用作連詞，連接兩個(gè)相同成分，如：名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞、介詞等，通常不位于句首。此時(shí)aswellas強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)在前面，意為“不但……而且……；既……又……；除了……之外，還有……”。(2)aswellas作介詞，相當(dāng)于besides,inadditionto，意為“除……之外，還……”，后面通常接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。(3)當(dāng)主語含有aswellas時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞須和aswellas前面的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。(4)may/mightaswell表示委婉的建議，一般是針對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)的情況提出另外的提議，意思是“不妨；還是……的好”。①Chinapossessesenormousquantitiesofcoalandisrichinothermineralsas_well.中國(guó)擁有大量煤炭，其他的礦藏也很豐富。②Futureagricultureshoulddependonhightechnologyas_well_astraditionalmethods.未來的農(nóng)業(yè)應(yīng)依靠傳統(tǒng)方式，也要靠高科技。③Theweatherissobadthatwemay/might_as_wellstayathome.天氣太糟了，我們倒不如待在家里。[易混辨析]aswell用于肯定句，只用于句尾also用于肯定句，常用于句中(動(dòng)詞前面或系動(dòng)詞be后面)too用于肯定句，通常用在句尾，前面常有逗號(hào)，也可用在句中，前后都有逗號(hào)either用于否定句，常用于句末④用aswell,also,too,either填空a．NotonlydoIlikethismovie,butmymotherlikesitas_well.b．Theresearchersalsolookedatwhethertheteenshadbeentryingtoloseweight.c．Onceunited,wemonpeopleareabletoconquernature,too.d．Hedidnotevensayanythingtoher,andshedidnotspeaktohimeither.Ⅰ.選詞填空standfor；inthechargeof；aswell；oneafteranother；usedto；onpurpose1．Shesometimesdoesthings________justtoannoyme.答案：onpurpose2．Somepupilswillbeleft________acertainteacherespeciallywhentheirparentsareworkingovertime.答案：inthechargeof3．ThelettersWTO________WorldTradeOrganization.答案：standfor4．Eventhestudentswho________dislikeEnglishhaveturnedouttobeinterestedinthesubject.答案：usedto5．Themomentthebellrang,studentscameoutoftheclassroom________.答案：oneafteranother6．Manywastesproducedintheproducingprocessareharmful________.答案：aswellⅡ.完成句子1．Itshouldthenbehandedovertomitteesofexpertsandauthoritiesto________________thedetails.之后它應(yīng)移交專家委員會(huì)和權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)來制定出具體細(xì)則。答案：workout2．Beautiesfrom108countriesandregions____________thisyear'scontest.來自108個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的佳麗參加了今年的大賽。答案：tookpartin3．______________keepingfit,studentscanlearnmanyimportantlessonsaboutlifefromdoingsports.除了保持身體健康，學(xué)生們還能從做運(yùn)動(dòng)中學(xué)習(xí)到生活中很多重要的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。答案：Apartfrom4．Asaparent,youcan____________________helpingyourchildbuilduphisconfidence.作為父母，你可以在幫助孩子建立信心方面起重要作用。答案：playanimportantpartinNoothercountriescouldjoinin，norcouldslavesorwomen！P10別的國(guó)家不能參加，奴隸和婦女也不能參加！(1)句型“nor/neither＋系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋另一個(gè)主語”用于否定陳述句之后，表示“也不”。(2)句型“so＋系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋另一個(gè)主語”用于肯定陳述句之后，表示前面所說的情況也適合于另一個(gè)人或物。(3)句型“soitis/waswith＋另一主語”或“itis/wasthesamewith＋另一主語”既能表示肯定意義，又能表示否定意義，其主要用于以下情況：①上文有兩個(gè)分句；②上文有兩個(gè)(或兩個(gè)以上)不同謂語；③上文既有肯定也有否定。(4)句型“so＋主語＋系動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”中的主語與前一句的主語通常是指同一個(gè)人或物，主語、謂語不需要倒裝。這種句型表示說話者贊同前句所提到的情況或事實(shí)，其中的so作“不錯(cuò)；確實(shí)如此”講。(5)“主語＋do＋so”在上下文中用來避免重復(fù)，可譯為“某人/物那樣做了”。①Janewon'tjoinusfordinnertonightandnor/neither_will_Tom.簡(jiǎn)今晚不會(huì)和我們一起吃晚飯，湯姆也不會(huì)。②Franklikestokeeppetsandso_does_his_wife.弗蘭克喜歡養(yǎng)寵物，他妻子也一樣。③MarywasborninAustraliaandshelivedintheUnitedStates.So_it_was_with_Jane./It_was_the_same_with_Jane.瑪麗在澳大利亞出生，在美國(guó)居住。簡(jiǎn)也是。④—Putinhasbeennamedtheworld'smostpowerfulpersonbyForbesmagazineforthethirdyearinarow.—So_he_has.——普京已經(jīng)連續(xù)第三年被評(píng)為《福布斯》全球最具權(quán)力人物?！_實(shí)是。⑤HeaskedmetoeandI_did_so.他讓我來，于是我就來了。There'sasmuchpetitionamongcountriestohosttheOlympicsastowinOlympicmedals.P10國(guó)與國(guó)之間爭(zhēng)取奧運(yùn)會(huì)舉辦權(quán)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，就跟爭(zhēng)奪奧運(yùn)獎(jiǎng)牌一樣激烈。(1)as...as“像……那樣”。第一個(gè)as為副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞原級(jí)。第二個(gè)as可以是連詞，引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句；也可以是介詞，后加名詞或代詞。當(dāng)as...as中間有名詞時(shí)，應(yīng)采用以下格式：as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(單數(shù))＋as或as＋many/much＋n.(復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù))＋as(2)否定句式：notas/so...as...意為“不如……”(3)...timesas＋adj./adv.＋as...“是……的幾倍”。表達(dá)倍數(shù)的詞必須置于比較結(jié)構(gòu)之前。(兩倍時(shí)用twice)①Obviously,theboydoesn'tworkas/so_hard_asmanyofhisclassmates.顯然，這個(gè)男孩不像他的許多同學(xué)那么刻苦。②Gettingridofabadhabitisas_muchastruggleasformingagoodone.擺脫壞習(xí)慣就像養(yǎng)成好習(xí)慣一樣需要艱苦努力。③Petrolisthree_times_as_expensive_asitwasafewyearsagoinChina.在中國(guó)汽油比幾年前貴了兩倍。ThisisimportantbecausethemoreyouspeakEnglish，thebetteryourEnglishwillbee.P16這是重要的，因?yàn)槟阒v英語越多，你的英語將越好。(1)“the＋比較級(jí)，the＋比較級(jí)”意為“越……越……”。(2)“比較級(jí)＋and＋比較級(jí)”意為“越來越……”，表示本身程度的變化?！皌he＋比較級(jí)，the＋比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)化為if條件從句，如：下面例①可改為：Youwillseefartherifyoustandhigher.①The_higheryoustand,the_fartheryouwillsee.你站得越高就看得越遠(yuǎn)。②The_more_carefulyouare,the_fewermistakesyouwillmake.你越小心，你犯的錯(cuò)就會(huì)越少。③More_and_more_carsarerunninginthestreetstoday,inwhichcase,more_and_more_waste_gaswillbereleasedintotheair.如今，越來越多的汽車在街上穿梭，在這種情況下，將會(huì)有越來越多的廢氣被排入空氣中。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Themoreyouhurry,the________(little)progressyouarelikelytomake.答案：less此處為“the＋比較級(jí)，the＋比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“越……越……”。句意：欲速則不達(dá)。2．Notonly________hemakehispromise,butalsohekeptit.答案：didnotonly...butalso...“不僅……而且……”。當(dāng)notonly位于句首時(shí)，其后的分句要部分倒裝。3．—IliketosurftheInternetbutIdon'tliketowatchTV.—________itiswithJane.答案：So因上文中有兩種情況，故用Soitiswithsb.或Itisthesamewithsb.來表示上文所述情況也適合于另一個(gè)人。4．LastyearJohnearnedtwice________muchashisbrotherdid,whohasabetterpositioninabiggerpany.答案：as...timesas＋adj./adv.＋as...“是……的幾倍”。表示兩倍時(shí)用twice。Ⅱ.完成句子1．Shecouldn'tspeakthelanguage,________________________.她不會(huì)說這種語言，也不會(huì)寫這種語言。答案：nor/neithercouldshewriteinit2．Hedidn'tcollect________________________heneededforhisbook.他沒有收集到寫書所需要的那么多信息。答案：as/somuchinformationas3.________________hethoughtlikethis,____________________unhappyhebecame.他越是這樣想，越是感到不開心。答案：Themore；themore一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)定義一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示在現(xiàn)在看來將來某一時(shí)刻或時(shí)段里即將要發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。句中常有tomorrow,soon,nextyear,inafewdays,inthefuture,sometime等時(shí)間狀語。結(jié)構(gòu)(1)will/shallbedone①Ifyouparkyourcarhere,youwillbefined.如果你將車停在這兒，你將被罰款。(2)am/is/aregoingtobedone表示計(jì)劃、安排或打算被做②Theselettersaregoingtobetypedandsentoffverysoon.這些信件將很快打好并發(fā)出。(3)am/is/aretobedone表示注定要、一定會(huì)被做或計(jì)劃、安排將要發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作③Themachinesaretoberepairedtonight.今晚一定會(huì)修理這些機(jī)器。(4)am/is/areabouttobedone表示立即或馬上就要發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作④Thepollutedwaterisabouttobecleaned.被污染的水即將被凈化。(5)am/is/aredone用于狀語從句中表示將來要發(fā)生或完成的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作⑤Whenourclassroomisdecorated,itwillbemorebeautiful.當(dāng)我們的教室被裝修完畢時(shí)，它會(huì)更加漂亮。(6)will/shall＋getdone⑥TheworkerswillgetpaidbeforetheendofDecember.這些工人將在12月底前拿到工資。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Asweallknow,the2022WinterOlympicGames________(hold)inBeijing,whichisthecapitalofChina.答案：willbeheld由2022可知用一般將來時(shí)，又因?yàn)閃interOlympicGames與hold之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。2．Itisreportedthataspacestation________(build)onthemooninyearstoe.答案：willbebuilt根據(jù)inyearstoe可知用一般將來時(shí)，又因?yàn)閍spacestation與build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。3．Unlesssomemoney________(find),thetheatrewillclose.答案：isfound由于該句中的主句用一般將來時(shí)，故從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，money與find之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且money為不可數(shù)名詞，故用isfound。4．Thesuspectisabout________(question)bythepolice.答案：tobequestionedbeabouttodo“即將做某事”，又因suspect與question之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。5．Moreexpressways________(build)inSichuansoontopromotethelocaleconomy.答案：willbebuilt由soon可知用一般將來時(shí)，又因?yàn)閑xpressways與build之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Ⅱ.完成句子1．Ifyouobjecttoanyofthis,______________.如果你對(duì)此有任何反對(duì)意見的話，你將被處罰。答案：youwillbepunished2．Hehasbeenarrestedbythepolice,and______________withmurder.他已經(jīng)被警察逮捕，將會(huì)以謀殺罪被起訴。答案：willbecharged3．Nobody________________toenterthestadiumwithoutaticket.無票不能進(jìn)入體育館。答案：willbeallowedⅠ.完形填空J(rèn)akeOlsonlosthislefteyewhenhewaseightmonthsoldbecauseofaborncancer.__1__itwascontrolledthroughtreatments,itreappearedand__2__thelossofhisrighteye.Butafteryearsofcheeringforhisfavoritefootballteam,Jakehas__3__theimpossibledream.He'snowapartoftheteam,despitehistotal__4__，playingthegamenotbasedonsightbuton__5__.Beinga__6__fanoftheUSCTrojans,oneofJake'slast__7__beforehelosthiseyewastowatchtheteamplayatNotreDame.Hisstronglikingforthesportdidn'tgo__8__—formerUSCcoachPetereachedtheboy,invitinghimtomeetthe__9__.Inspiredbythoseplayers,Jakehopedtobe__10__inhisschool'sfootballteam.Atfirsthedidn'tthinkhewouldbeofanyreal__11__，butwhenheheardpeople'scheersforfootballplayers,hisloveforfootballstrengthened.SoJake__12__thecoach,askingtojointheteam.Thecoachtoldhimto__13__thenextseason.SoJakespenthistimepracticinghard.__14__，hebecameastarterontheteaminthenextseason.Havingmadehishighschoolfootballteam,itdidn'tseemtoo__15__todothesameincollege.CoachSteveagreedthatJake__16__therequirementsoftheteam.SoJake'sdreamcametrue.__17__football,Jakeisalsoamotivationalspeaker.“IwentintofootballwiththethoughtthatIhadnothingto__18__，”Jakesaid.“Ireallyhadnofear.Goingthrough__19__inlifedoesmakeyoustronger.Life'sunfair,butit's__20__menottogiveupandkeepfighting.”篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇記敘文。JakeOlson雙目失明，但這并沒有阻止他對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的熱愛。他相繼成為高中和大學(xué)橄欖球隊(duì)的隊(duì)員，并且他還是一位勵(lì)志演講人。1．A.UnlessB．ThoughC．Onlyif D．Nowthat答案：B根據(jù)下文的“itwascontrolledthroughtreatments,itreappeared...”可知，此處指盡管(Though)經(jīng)過治療，癌癥被控制住了，但是它還是復(fù)發(fā)了，主從句之間存在讓步關(guān)系。故選B。2．A.backedoffB．heldbackC．brokedown D．ledto答案：D癌癥復(fù)發(fā)了，并導(dǎo)致(ledto)他失去了右眼。3．A.forgottenB．quittedC．realized D．ignored答案：C但是，在為他最喜歡的橄欖球隊(duì)加油多年之后，Jake實(shí)現(xiàn)了(realized)那個(gè)不可能的夢(mèng)想。第三段最后一句中的“Jake'sdreamcametrue”亦是提示。4．A.blindnessB．a(chǎn)bsenceC．deafness D．innocence答案：A根據(jù)上文中的“l(fā)osthislefteye”“thelossofhisrighteye”可知，此處指盡管Jake雙目失明(blindness)，但他現(xiàn)在成了球隊(duì)的一員。5．A.ability B．guessC．feel D．imagination答案：C根據(jù)上文提到的Jake雙目失明的內(nèi)容可知，此處指的應(yīng)是他打球靠的不是視力而是感覺(feel)。6．A.responsibleB．faithfulC．careful D．temporary答案：B根據(jù)語境及上文的“yearsofcheeringforhisfavoritefootballteam”可知，此處指作為USCTrojans球隊(duì)的忠實(shí)(faithful)粉絲，Jake在失去視力之前最后的愿望之一是觀看球隊(duì)在NotreDame的比賽。7．A.chancesB．promisesC．courses D．wishes答案：D此處指Jake在失去視力之前最后的愿望(wishes)之一是觀看球隊(duì)在NotreDame的比賽。故選D。8．A.unnoticedB．unsolvedC．unreported D．unlimited答案：A根據(jù)下文的“formerUSCcoachPetereachedtheboy,invitinghimto...”可知，此處指Jake對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的熱愛并不是不被注意的。unnoticed“未被注意的，被忽視的”。故選A。9．A.leaders B．playersC．fans D．coaches答案：B根據(jù)語境及上文提到的Jake是球隊(duì)的忠實(shí)粉絲以及想觀看球隊(duì)比賽的內(nèi)容可知，此處應(yīng)是指教練Pete邀請(qǐng)Jake跟球員們(players)見面。下文中的“Inspiredbythoseplayers”是關(guān)鍵的提示信息。故選B。10．A.occupiedB．involvedC．trapped D．a(chǎn)bsorbed答案：B受到那些球員們的鼓舞，Jake希望自己能加入學(xué)校的橄欖球隊(duì)。beinvolvedin是固定搭配，意為“參與，參加”。11．A.interest B．hopeC．use D．concern答案：C此處指盡管Jake想加入學(xué)校的橄欖球隊(duì)，但是因?yàn)樽陨碛袣埣玻琂ake最初覺得自己加入球隊(duì)并不會(huì)有什么實(shí)際的用處(use)。beofuse＝beuseful。故選C。12．A.approachedB．a(chǎn)ppreciatedC．recognized D．greeted答案：AJake找了教練，請(qǐng)求加入球隊(duì)。approach“靠近，接洽”。13．A.pullthroughB．setoutC．leaveoff D．eback答案：D根據(jù)下文的“thenextseason...hebecameastarterontheteaminthenextseason”可知，此處指教練叫Jake下個(gè)賽季再回來。14．A.Gradually B．FinallyC．RecentlyD．Accidentally答案：BJake花時(shí)間刻苦練習(xí)，最后，在下個(gè)賽季，他成了球隊(duì)的參賽者。finally“最后，終于”。故選B。15．A.difficultB．a(chǎn)ccessibleC．a(chǎn)ttractive D．necessary答案：A根據(jù)上文的“Havingmadehishighschoolfootballteam”可知，因?yàn)橛辛烁咧械那蜿?duì)經(jīng)歷，成為大學(xué)球隊(duì)的隊(duì)員似乎也不是太難。16．A.refreshedB．pletedC．satisfied D．a(chǎn)cquired答案：C根據(jù)句中的“CoachSteveagreed”及下文中的“SoJake'sdreamcametrue.”可知，此處指教練Steve覺得Jack達(dá)到了球隊(duì)的要求，因此Jake加入大學(xué)球隊(duì)的夢(mèng)想實(shí)現(xiàn)了。17．A.ApartfromB．InsteadofC．Regardlessof D．Exceptfor答案：A根據(jù)下文的“Jakeisalsoamotivationalspeaker”可知，除了打橄欖球之外，Jake也是一位勵(lì)志演講人。18．A.share B．loseC．offer D．desire答案：B根據(jù)語境及下文的“Ireallyhadnofear.”可知，此處指Jake起初是帶著自己沒有任何可失去(lose)的東西的想法開始打橄欖球的。故選B。19．A.failuresB．challengesC．petitions D．fears答案：BJake身有殘疾，所以要面對(duì)許多生活中的挑戰(zhàn)(challenges)，而這也使他變得更加堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。故選B。20．A.warnedB．beggedC．convinced D．taught答案：D根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，此處指的是生活是不公平的，但它告訴Jake不要放棄，要堅(jiān)持下去。teach“使明白”。故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀理解ABeijinghasbeethefirstcitytohostbothSummerandWinterOlympicGamesafterbeatingKazakhstan'sAlmatytoholdthe2022WinterOlympics.Followingaclosed－doorvotebyInternationalOlympicmittee(IOC)members,PresidentThomasBachannouncedthatBeijingisthewinnerof2022WinterOlympicsduringthe128thIOCSessioninKualaLumpuronFridayafternoon.Withafully－preparedfinalpresentationbyanall－starteam,Beijinghassuccessfullyconvincedthemitteemembersthatthe2008OlympicshostcityisamorefavoredcandidatefortheWinterGames.Thehigh－powereddelegationassuredIOCmembersthatBeijingwasthesafechoicebecauseithadalreadyproveditcouldstagetheGamesandsaiditwouldtakewintersportsintothebackyardoftheworld'smostpopulatedcountry.ChinesePresidentXiJinpingsentaletterofappreciationtoPresidentThomasBachonFridayevening,expressingthankstoIOCforitstrustandsupportinselectingBeijingtogetherwithZhangjiakouasthehostofthe2022OlympicandParalympicWinterGames.TheBritishOlympicAssociation(BOA)congratulatedBeijingonwinningthebidandbelievedtheChinesecapitalwillhosta“great”WinterOlympics.Thecapitalpromisesasustainable(可持續(xù)的)Olympicsbytakingfulladvantageofexistingvenues.Anditwilltakeaseriesofmeasurestodealwithairpollutionforasuccessful2022Games.Bidofficialssaidwinningthehostingrightsforthe2022WinterOlympicswillfuelregionalintegrationbetweenBeijing,TianjinandHebeiProvince,especiallyontransportation,airpollutioncontrolandtourism.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了北京成功申辦2022年冬奧會(huì)的情況。1．Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothepassage?A．Beijingistheonlycitytohost2022WinterOlympics.B．BeijingisthefirstcitytohostbothSummerandWinterOlympicGames.C．Beijingisthewinnerof2022WinterOlympicsafterbeatingKualaLumpur.D．IOCmembersheldanopendoormeetingtovoteforthewinnertohosttheWinterOlympicGames.答案：B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“thefirstcitytohostbothSummerandWinterOlympicGames”可知正確選項(xiàng)為B。2．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“stage”inthethirdparagraph?A．Floor. B．Level.C．Celebrate. D．Organize.答案：D詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句子“Thehigh－powereddelegationassuredIOCmembersthatBeijingwasthesafechoicebecauseithadalreadyproveditcouldstagetheGames”以及常識(shí)可知，此處表示高級(jí)代表團(tuán)使IOC確信北京是可靠的選擇，因?yàn)橥ㄟ^2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì)的成功舉辦，已經(jīng)證明它能組織好比賽。此處的stage是動(dòng)詞“組織”的意思。3．WhatwillBeijingdoinordertohostasuccessful2022Games?A．Beijingwillprepareanall－starteamtoweletheguestsallovertheworld.B．BeijingwillfuelregionalintegrationbetweenBeijing,TianjinandHebeiProvince.C．Beijingwillmakefulluseoftheexistingstadiumsanddealwithairpollution.D．Beijingwillmakeitselfmorebeautifultoattractthetouristsallovertheworld.答案：C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段首句中的“takingfulladvantageofexistingvenues”以及尾句中的“dealwithairpollution”可知，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。4．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．BeijingwinsbothSummerandWinterGames.B．BOAcongratulatedBeijingonwinningthebid.C．All－starteamhelpsBeijing.D．Beijingwins2022WinterGamesbid.答案：D主旨大意題。本文主要講述了北京申辦2022年冬奧會(huì)成功的事。故選D。BAsCanadianswemayhavealove-haterelationshipwithsnow.Welovetheopportunitiesitprovides:skiing,snowboarding,cross-countryandsnowshoeing.Thereareadvantagesofcreatingsnowmen.Thebeautyofsnowseemstoblanketourmunity.However,youmayhearicyroads,gettingstuckinsnowbanks,temperaturedropping;roofscollapsingfromtheweightofsnowgointhehatecategory.TofindjoywithwinterIhavetriedvariousactivitiestogetmeoutandplayinginit.Mynewfavoriteforthepast10yearsissnowshoeing.Thesportbeespopularbecauseitonlyrequiresyoutoliftyourkneesuphigher,whichprovidesagreaterexercisebenefit.Accordin