選必二 Units 3-5 知識(shí)點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)（解析版）

寒假作業(yè)04選擇性必修二Unit3-5知識(shí)點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)單詞變形1．prioradj.先前的；優(yōu)先的→priorityn.優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)；最重要的事；優(yōu)先權(quán)→prioritizevt.優(yōu)先處理；按重要性排列2．elegantadj.精美的；講究的；文雅的→elegancen.優(yōu)雅，雅致；簡練→elegantlyadv.優(yōu)美地3．minimumn.最小值；最少量adj.最低(限度)的；最小的→minimizevt.減到最低數(shù)量；降到最低程度；使最小化→maximumn.最大量；最大限度adj.最高的；最多的；最大極限的→maximizevt.使增加到最大限度；充分利用；最大限度地利用4．stableadj.穩(wěn)定的；穩(wěn)重的→stablyadv.穩(wěn)固地；安定地；平穩(wěn)地→stabilityn.穩(wěn)定(性)；穩(wěn)固(性)5．a(chǎn)ssociationn.協(xié)會(huì)；關(guān)聯(lián)→associatev.聯(lián)想，聯(lián)系n.同事；伙伴；合伙人adj.有關(guān)聯(lián)的；聯(lián)合的；副的6．regardlessadv.不顧；不加理會(huì)→regardn.尊敬；關(guān)注；關(guān)心[pl.]致意；問候vt.看待；將……視為；注視7．moderationn.適度；合理→moderateadj.適度的；適中的；溫和的vi.&vt.(使)緩和；(使)適中n.持溫和觀點(diǎn)者(尤指政見)8．consistentadj.一致的；連續(xù)的→consistencyn.一致性，連貫性；黏稠度，平滑度→consistentlyadv.一貫地；一致地；堅(jiān)實(shí)地9．pleasantadj.令人愉快的；友好的→pleasuren.快樂，滿足，欣慰10．freezevi.&vt.結(jié)冰；(使)凍住→freezingadj.極冷的；冰凍的→frozenadj.冰凍的；凍僵的11．a(chǎn)nticipatevt.預(yù)料；預(yù)見；期望→anticipationn.預(yù)料；預(yù)見；期望12．thundervi.打雷；轟隆隆地響；轟隆隆地快速移動(dòng)n.雷聲；轟隆聲→thunderousadj.雷鳴般的；聲音很大的13．a(chǎn)stonishvt.使十分驚訝；使吃驚→astonishedadj.感到十分驚訝→astonishingadj.令人十分驚訝的；難以置信的→astonishmentn.驚訝；令人驚訝的事物14．mistn.薄霧；水汽→mistyadj.多霧的；模糊的15．a(chǎn)dvertisementn.廣告；啟事→advertisev.為……做廣告，登廣告16．photographern.攝影師；拍照者→photographn.照片；相片vt.拍照→photographyn.照相術(shù)；攝影17．swellvi.膨脹；腫脹→swollenadj.(身體部位)腫起的；腫脹的18．urgentadj.緊急的；急迫的；急切的→urgencyn.緊急，迫切；迫切需要；緊急的事→urgentlyadv.迫切地；緊急地；急切地19．easevi.&vt.(使)寬慰；減輕；緩解n.容易；舒適；自在→easyadj.容易的；舒適的，自如的；隨和的；輕浮的；平緩的adv.小心；容易地，悠閑地20．operatorn.電話接線員；操作員→operationn.運(yùn)作，實(shí)施；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，操作；手術(shù)→operatevi.運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；動(dòng)手術(shù)；起作用vt.操作；經(jīng)營；引起21．bleedvi.流血；失血→bleedingn.流血；失血22．tightadj.牢固的；緊身的；繃緊的；嚴(yán)密的adv.緊緊地；牢固地→tightlyadv.緊緊地；牢固地；緊密地→tightenvi.&vt.(使)變緊；更加牢固；抓緊vt.使更加嚴(yán)格；加強(qiáng)23．foggyadj.有霧的→fogn.霧；煙霧，塵霧；困惑，迷惘v.起霧；使(令)人困惑24．membershipn.會(huì)員身份；全體會(huì)員；會(huì)員人數(shù)→membern.成員；會(huì)員重點(diǎn)短語1．if__anything如果有……的話2．put__more__simply更簡單地說3．prior__to在……之前的4．consist__of由……組成(或構(gòu)成)5．have_a_chance_to_do_sth有機(jī)會(huì)做某事6．go__hand__in__hand息息相關(guān)7．have__no__idea不知道8．slice__...__off切下9．by__the__time__..._到……的時(shí)候10．regardless__of不管；不顧11．a(chǎn)rgue__over就……爭(zhēng)論12．on__the__right__track做對(duì)了，照著正確路線運(yùn)行13．make__the__right__decisions做出正確的決定14．get__rid__of擺脫，除去15．start__out出發(fā)；著手進(jìn)行16．be__typical__of是……特有的17．take__sb's__breath__away令人驚嘆18．a(chǎn)__bunch__of一束；一串；一群；大量19．wake__up醒來20．make__a__living謀生21．be__fascinated__by__...__被……迷住22．contrary__to相反的；相對(duì)立的23．go__up增長；上升；被興建起來24．proceed__to__sth進(jìn)而做(參加)25．flow__into流入26．in__contrast__to與……形成對(duì)照27．owe__sth__to__sb欠(某人情)；把……歸功于某人28．make__use__of使用，利用29．call__for__help呼救30．a(chǎn)ct__as充當(dāng)31．divide__...__into把……分成32．a(chǎn)t__once馬上33．a(chǎn)__matter__of大約；……的問題34．come__into__contact__with觸及……，遇到……35．right__away立刻36．fall__over跌倒，摔倒；絆了一跤37．put__in放入；提出，提交38．with__the__help__of__...__在……的幫助下39.help__sb__to__one's__feet幫助某人站起身來40．face__up/down面朝上(朝下)41．sleep__in遲起床；睡過頭；睡懶覺42．out__of__shape健康狀況不好經(jīng)典句型過去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)PriortocomingtoChina,myonlyexperiencewithChinesecookingwasinAmerica,withChinesefoodthathadbeenchangedtosuitAmericantastes.evidence的同位語從句However,thereisincreasingevidencethattherealdriverofpoorhealthisnotsomuchfattyfood,asitissugar.recommend后的賓語從句使用虛擬語氣TheAmericanHeartAssociationrecommendsthatwelimitourselvestolessthan100－150caloriesadayfromsugar...It'suptosbtodosth由某人來做某事Itisuptoyoutodecidehowyouwanttolive,andtomaketherightdecisionsaboutyourdiet.bepleasedtodosth因?yàn)樽瞿呈露吲dThenextdaywasclearandmild,andtheywerepleasedtoseethebeautifulmountainslookingoutoverthecity.(牛津高階)聽說你高升了，我很高興。anticipatedoingsth預(yù)料做某事However,theydidnotanticipateseeingsuchanopencountry,andweretrulyamazed.(牛津高階)他們預(yù)期年底前遷入較大的經(jīng)營場(chǎng)址。notuntil用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句式Itwasnotuntil9：30a．m.thattheyfinallyreachedthecapitalofOntario,Toronto.(中國日?qǐng)?bào))然而，直到東漢(25～220年)，現(xiàn)代形式的瓷器才出現(xiàn)。if引導(dǎo)賓語從句表示“是否”Ishouldphoneherandseeifshe'savailablefordinner.(牛津高階)聽聽曲調(diào)，看你能否記起歌詞。unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.(牛津高階)除非是我記錯(cuò)了，她是昨天回來上班的。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，主句為祈使句Ifburnsareontheface,makesurethevictimcanstillbreathe.(牛津高階)要是有人打電話來，就說我不在家。動(dòng)詞不定式修飾句詞needIfthevictimissufferingfromsecondorthird-degreeburns,thereisanurgentneedtotakehim/hertothehospitalatonce.(牛津高階)我沒必要拆開那封信——我知道里面會(huì)說些什么。suggest后的賓語從句中的虛擬語氣Theysuggestedheeatmoreslowlyandtakesmallerbitesbeforetheyleft.(牛津高階)我建一、語法填空1．（2022上·全國·高二期末）Aspecialtaskforce(consist)ofseniormedicalexpertsistohelpguidetreatmentinmakeshifthospitals(方艙醫(yī)院).【答案】consisting【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：由資深醫(yī)學(xué)專家組成的特別工作組將幫助指導(dǎo)方艙醫(yī)院的治療。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語修飾名詞Aspecialtaskforce，根據(jù)句意，consistof意為“由……組成”，與Aspecialtaskforce之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處需要使用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語。故填consisting。2．（2023上·高二遼寧實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)）Thedetoxwasmoredifficult(tolerate)thanIhadexpected.Butonreflection,Icanseehowmuchofmytime(occupy)withcheckingmyphone.【答案】totoleratehadbeenoccupied【解析】考查動(dòng)詞不定式以及時(shí)態(tài)。句意：脫癮比我預(yù)想的更難忍受。但仔細(xì)想想，我可以看出我有多少時(shí)間忙于看手機(jī)。第一個(gè)空考查固定句型“主語+be+adj.+todo”，所以第一個(gè)需要totolerate；分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，第二個(gè)空為賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)前一句“Thedetoxwasmoredifficult”可知，本段對(duì)話發(fā)生在過去，而賓語從句表示“在這之前已經(jīng)被手機(jī)占用的時(shí)間（忙于看手機(jī)）”，所以賓語從句的的時(shí)態(tài)為過去完成時(shí)態(tài)，表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去的過去。謂語動(dòng)詞和主語之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。綜上所述，賓語從句用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填①totolerate②hadbeenoccupied。3．（2023上·廣東東莞·高二期中）ItwasthefirsttimethatI(ask)tosinginpublicandIwasabitnervous.【答案】hadbeenasked【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：這是我第一次被要求在公共場(chǎng)合唱歌，我有點(diǎn)緊張。itwasthefirsttimethat...為固定句型，表示“這是第一次……”，其中that引導(dǎo)的從句應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)，結(jié)合語意，ask與主語I之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填hadbeenasked。4．（2023上·廣東深圳·期中）Whensheheardthatherfather(die)intheaccident,sheburstoutcrying.【答案】haddied【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)她聽說她父親在事故中喪生時(shí)，她突然大哭起來。本句是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，die作從句的謂語，根據(jù)heard可知，此處是描述過去的過去發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)。故填haddied。5．（2023上·廣東·高二深圳中學(xué)期中）Beforehumansarrivedontheisland,thespecies(live)inisolationandeatentheplantsthatnaturallygrewthere.【答案】hadlived【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在人類抵達(dá)該島之前，該物種一直生活在與世隔絕的環(huán)境中，并以自然生長在那里的植物為食。動(dòng)詞live意為“生活”。根據(jù)句意和“Beforehumansarrived”可知，主句用過去完成時(shí)，表示過去的過去，故此處使用hadlived構(gòu)成過去完成時(shí)。故填hadlived。6．（2023上·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）ItisalltheEnglishteachersandclassmatesherethatweshouldoweourthanks.【答案】to【解析】考查固定短語。句意：我們應(yīng)該感謝這里所有的英語老師和同學(xué)。根據(jù)句意及空前的owe可知，此處使用介詞to，owe...to“把……歸功于”，oweone’sthanksto“感謝”。故填to。7．（2023上·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）Jane’s(be)socarelesscausedsomuchtrouble.【答案】being【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：簡的粗心大意引起了這么多麻煩。one’sdoing意為“某人做某事”，動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，因此空格處是動(dòng)名詞being。故填being。8．（2023上·江蘇常州）Greatimportanceshouldbeattachedtoemotionalormentalproblems(arise)fromaphysicalcause.【答案】arising【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：對(duì)身體原因引起的情緒或精神問題應(yīng)給予高度重視。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知arise與邏輯主語problems構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故填arising。9．（2023上·廣東東莞·高二期中）Hiscollectionofartand(antique)reallysurprisedus.【答案】antiques【解析】考查名詞。句意：他收藏的藝術(shù)品和古董真讓我們吃驚。分析知，空處和前文的Hiscollectionofart并列，一起作主語，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞，antique意為“古董”，為可數(shù)名詞，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填antiques。10．（2023上·廣東深圳·高二期中）Sometimesyoucan’tmakesenseofsomeChineseexpressions(literal)becausetheyhavedeepermeanings.【答案】literally【解析】考查副詞。句意：有時(shí)候你不能從字面上理解一些漢語表達(dá)，因?yàn)樗鼈冇懈畹暮x。設(shè)空處在句中作狀語修飾動(dòng)詞短語makesenseof，所給詞literal的副詞literally“按字面；字面上”符合句意。故填literally。11．（2023上·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）Withsomanypeople(help)us,wearesuretofinishtheworkontime.【答案】helping/tohelp【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：有這么多人在/要幫忙,我們一定能按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是with引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，賓語people與賓補(bǔ)help之間為主謂關(guān)系，用helping或tohelp。故答案為helping或tohelp。12．（2023上·高二課時(shí)練習(xí)）VincentvanGoghhadlivedinaflourishingartisticmovement,whichwassupposedtohelphimsucceedasanartistandbecomerich.thecontrary,hedidnotwinreputationasanartist.【答案】On/Quite【解析】考查固定短語。句意：文森特·凡·高生活在有蓬勃發(fā)展的藝術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)期，人們認(rèn)為這本應(yīng)該有助于他做一名成功的藝術(shù)家并變得富有。(然而事實(shí))恰恰相反，他并沒有贏得藝術(shù)家的聲譽(yù)。分析句意再根據(jù)空格后的thecontrary可知，此處用固定短語on/quitethecontrary表示“正相反；恰恰相反”。故填on/quite。13．（2022上·高二）Thepatientgotoffthebed,(support)bythenurse.【答案】supported【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：病人在護(hù)士的扶下下了床。分析句子，句中g(shù)ot為謂語動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處使用非謂語動(dòng)詞。此處thepatient與support之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用過去分詞。故填supported。14．（2023上·高二）ThereisnopossibilityMarkwillfinishthechallengingtaskbyhimselfwithintwodays.【答案】that【解析】考查固定句型。句意：馬克不可能在兩天內(nèi)獨(dú)自完成這項(xiàng)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)。thereisnopossibilitythat固定句型，意為“不可能……”，that引導(dǎo)的從句是同位語從句，故填that。15．（2023上·高二）Thosewhoareagainsttheplanaretheminority.【答案】in【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：反對(duì)這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的人是少數(shù)。intheminority固定搭配，意為“處于少數(shù)”，故填in。16．（2023上·河南南陽·高二）PeoplewithlowEQsoftenhaveahardertime(adjust)inlifeandintheircareers.【答案】adjusting【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：情商低的人在生活和事業(yè)中往往很難適應(yīng)。分析句子可知，此處為固定短語haveahardtime(in)doing“做某事有困難”，所以此處為動(dòng)名詞形式。故填adjusting。17．（2023上·福建廈門·高二）Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,or(nod)theheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.【答案】nodding【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在其他地方，當(dāng)遇見別人時(shí)，人們更喜歡握手，彎腰鞠躬或點(diǎn)頭致意。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，連詞or連接并列賓語，所以此處使用動(dòng)名詞和shaking及bowing保持一致，故填nodding。18．（2023上·北京·高二）WhenIsteppedintothesurgery,thedoctorwasbusyapatient.(examine)【答案】examining【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：當(dāng)我走進(jìn)手術(shù)室時(shí)，醫(yī)生正忙著給病人做檢查。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為固定短語bebusy(in)doingsth.意為“忙于做某事”，所以此處應(yīng)使用動(dòng)名詞形式examining作賓語，且表示主動(dòng)意義。故填examining。19．（2023上·高二遼寧實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)）Iwentaroundtomyfriend’shouse.Withoutourphones,wehadaproperconversationforovertwohours,without(distract)bymessagesfromotherpeople.【答案】beingdistracted【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：我去了朋友家。在沒有手機(jī)的情況下，我們進(jìn)行了兩個(gè)多小時(shí)的正常交談，沒有被其他人的信息分散注意力。介詞without后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語，動(dòng)詞distract意為“使分心，使轉(zhuǎn)移注意力”，與其邏輯主語we之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式beingdistracted。故填beingdistracted。20．（2023上·廣東佛山·高二）Theyspendhalfoftheirtimedreamingupwaysofgettingrichandachievingthesuccesstheyexpect,andtherestoftheirtime(think)aboutallthethingstheywilldooncetheybecomerich.【答案】thinking【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：他們一半的時(shí)間都在夢(mèng)想致富和取得預(yù)期成功的方法，其余的時(shí)間則在思考一旦致富后要做的所有事情。spendtime(in)doingsth.(花時(shí)間做某事)，think用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語。故填thinking。二、完成句子21．（2023上·廣東佛山·高二期中）買書而不讀是沒有意義的。Itisnousebutnotreadingthem.【答案】buyingbooks【解析】考查固定句型和非謂語動(dòng)詞?！百I書”用詞組buybooks表示；Itisnousedoing...是固定句型，意為“做……是沒有用的”，其中it是形式主語，動(dòng)名詞作真正的主語。故填buying；books。22．（2023上·廣東廣州·高二）蒸汽機(jī)的發(fā)明給現(xiàn)代世界帶來了巨大的變化。hasbroughtvastchangestotheworld.【答案】Inventingsteamengines【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞短語。根據(jù)句意以及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為動(dòng)名詞短語Inventingsteamengines“蒸汽機(jī)的發(fā)明/發(fā)明蒸汽機(jī)”作句子主語，滿足句意要求。故分別填I(lǐng)nventing；steam；engines。23．（2023上·上海·高二）我們費(fèi)了好大力氣才完成老師交給的任務(wù)。Wethetaskassignedbytheteacher.【答案】hadadifficulttime(in)completing【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語和時(shí)態(tài)?！百M(fèi)了好大力氣才完成”可理解為“完成……遇到很大的困難”，可用短語haveadifficulttime(in)doing...表示，講述過去的事情，謂語動(dòng)詞have用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)had，“完成”用動(dòng)詞complete，其動(dòng)名詞形式為completing。故填hadadifficulttime(in)completing。24．（2022上·廣東廣州·高二期末）當(dāng)被問及她的近期計(jì)劃，她說想請(qǐng)人將房子裝修一下。(狀語從句的省略)aboutherrecentplan，shesaidshewasconsidering

herhouse

.【答案】Whenaskedhavingdecorated【解析】考查狀語從句的省略、非謂語動(dòng)詞。由所給句意可知，空格①處應(yīng)表達(dá)“當(dāng)被問及”，可以理解為“當(dāng)她被問及”應(yīng)是whenshewasasked。狀語從句的省略條件：1.主句和從句的主語一致，或從句主語為it；2.從句主要?jiǎng)釉~是be的某種形式；兩個(gè)條件滿足，可以省略從句的主語和系動(dòng)詞。故①用Whenasked，單詞when在句首，首字母大寫?！皩⒎孔友b修一下”可以理解為“使得房子被裝修一下”，herhouse與decorate“裝修”為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞decorated，作賓補(bǔ)，故用haveherhousedecorated。consider意為“考慮”時(shí)，后接動(dòng)名詞形式，故用having，作賓語。故填：①Whenasked②having③decorated。25．（2023上·廣東廣州·高二統(tǒng)考期末）無論你喜歡什么，總有一個(gè)不可思議的主題公園吸引你！Whicheverandwhateveryoulike,thereisanthemeparkthatyou!【答案】incredible/unbelievable/inconceivable/unimaginable/amazing/awesomeappealsto【解析】考查形容詞和動(dòng)詞短語。根據(jù)中文句提示可知，使用形容詞incredible，unbelievable，inconceivable，unimaginable，amazing，awesome均可表示“不可思議的”，作定語修飾名詞themepark“主題公園”；使用動(dòng)詞短語appealto表示“吸引”，在定語從句中作謂語，因?yàn)橄刃性~that指代的知前文的單數(shù)名詞詞組themepark，故謂語動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填incredible/unbelievable/inconceivable/unimaginable/amazing/awesome，appealsto。26．（2020上·福建廈門·高二期中）疲憊不堪，我一上床馬上就睡著了。,Ibedandfellfastasleep.【答案】Exhaustedslidinto【解析】考查形容詞做狀語、時(shí)態(tài)和短語。分析句子，結(jié)合后文的fellfastasleep可知，and之前的時(shí)態(tài)用一般過去時(shí)。短語：slideintobed意為“悄悄上床”，所以此處動(dòng)詞slide用過去式slid；動(dòng)詞exhaust表示“疲憊”，句子主語I和動(dòng)詞exhaust為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因句子已有謂語，所以exhaust用過去分詞exhausted用作形容詞，表示主語的狀態(tài)。故填①Exhausted②slid③into。27．（2021上·全國·高二）穿著紅衣服，這個(gè)女孩看起來更漂亮。red,thegirllooksmorebeautiful.【答案】Dressedin【解析】考查過去分詞作狀語。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，此處表達(dá)穿著的動(dòng)作，使用固定搭配dressin，句子主語是thegirl，與dress是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞做狀語，且位于句首首字母大寫。故填Dressedin。28．（2020下·廣東佛山·高二）,theteammemberscheeredandhuggedeachotherexcitedly.(根據(jù)句意，使用“非謂語動(dòng)詞”填空)【答案】Thrilledatthesuccessthey’veachieved【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：隊(duì)員們?yōu)槿〉玫某晒?dòng)不已，興奮地互相歡呼、擁抱。本句要求使用非謂語動(dòng)詞，所以句子開頭省略主語，thrill和theteammembers是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式thrilled，結(jié)合句子其他部分，故填Thrilledatthesuccessthey’veachieved。29．（2023上·重慶合川·高二）這支由三名醫(yī)生和七名護(hù)士組成的醫(yī)療隊(duì)被派往該地區(qū)。Themedicalteamthreedoctorsandsevennurseswassenttothearea.【答案】consistingof/composedof【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句中was為動(dòng)詞，設(shè)空處使用非謂語動(dòng)詞。表示“構(gòu)成”用consistof或者becomposedof。medicalteam與consist之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語即consisting；compose與其之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用過去分詞作后置定語。故答案為consistingof/composedof。30．（2023上·廣東廣州·高二統(tǒng)考期末）這是我第一次參觀廣東省博物館，它讓我很驚嘆。ItwasthefirsttimeGuangdongMuseum,.【答案】thatIhadvisitedwhichamazedmealot/reallyamazedme/whichtookmybreathaway/takingmybreathaway【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和定語從句以及非謂語。句意：這是我第一次參觀廣東省博物館，它讓我很驚嘆。Itisthefirsttime+that從句，從句要用過去完成時(shí)。takeone’sbreathaway“大為驚訝”或者amazesb。句中先行詞為GuangdongMuseum，在非限定性定語從句中作主語，所以用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。從句陳述過去事情，用一般過去時(shí)。也可以用現(xiàn)在分詞takingmybreathaway作狀語。故填thatIhadvisited;whichamazedmealot/reallyamazedme/whichtookmybreathaway/takingmybreathaway。閱讀理解A（2023上·山東濟(jì)南·高二期中）2023HotList:TheBestNewRestaurantsintheWorldPlacedesFetes—NewYorkCityThisfamouswinebarprovidesaspotwithararesweetandwarmatmosphere.Fordatenight,gotothebarwithviewsoftheopenkitchen,orfillupthelargetableinthebackwithagroupandtastetheentireitemmenu.Eitherway,donotmissthefamousmushroomsoup.LeDoyenne—Saint—Vrain,FranceAustralianchefsJamesHenryandShaunKellytransformedtheformerstables(馬廄)ofa19th-centuryprivateestateintoaworkingfarm,restaurant,andguesthousedrivenbytheprinciplesofregenerativeagriculture.Morethanonehundredvarietiesoffruits,vegetables,andherbsmaketheirwayintoHenry’scookingafterbeingcarefullynurturedbyKelly.MiCompaChava—MexicoCityAlmosteveryoneeatinghereisdevotedtofixinglastnight’sdamagefromdrunkennessandgettingaheadstartoncreatingtoday’s.Onthesidewalk,crowdsoflocalsandtouristsalikelineupforfishermanSalvadorOrozco’screativetakesonSinaloaandBajaseafood.Anythingfromtherawhalfofthemenuisasurebet,thoughcookeddisheslikefishcanhelpfilloutameal.Vilas—BangkokCanadishinspiredbyaSpanishrecipeusingJapaneseingredients(原料)stillbeconsideredThai?ForChefPrinPolsuk,oneofBangkok’smostfamousThaichefs,itmostcertainlycan.Athislatestrestaurant,asmalldiningroomatthebaseofBangkok’shulalongkorn’s1897journeyaroundEuropeandtheforeigningredientsandlandmarkKingPowerMahanakhonTower,hedrawsinspirationfromKingChulalongkorn’s1897journeyaroundEuropeandtheforeigningredientsandcookingtechniquesheaddedtotheroyalcookbooks.1．WhatcanyoudoinPlacedesFetes—NewYorkCity?A．Drinktheredwine. B．Tastethemushroomsoup.C．Watchthemusicals. D．Enjoythebeautifulviews.2．Whichrestaurantbestsuitspeoplewhosufferfromalcohol?A．PlacedesFetes. B．LeDoyenne.C．MiCompaChava. D．Vilas.3．What’sthepurposeofthetext?A．Tointroducethefeaturesofsomerestaurants.B．Tocomparetheoriginsofsomerestaurants.C．Tostatethesimilaritiesofsomerestaurants.D．Torecommendsomefoodsofsomerestaurants.【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾家熱門新餐廳的特色。1．B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PlacedesFetes—NewYorkCity標(biāo)題下最后一句“Eitherway,donotmissthefamousmushroomsoup.(不管怎樣，千萬不要錯(cuò)過著名的蘑菇湯。)”可知，在紐約市節(jié)日廣場(chǎng)可以品嘗蘑菇湯。故選B。2．C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MiCompaChava —MexicoCity標(biāo)題下第一句“Almosteveryoneeatinghereisdevotedtofixinglastnight’sdamagefromdrunkennessandgettingaheadstartoncreatingtoday’s.(幾乎每個(gè)在這里吃飯的人都致力于修復(fù)昨晚醉酒造成的損害，并為今天的創(chuàng)造做準(zhǔn)備。)”可知，MiCompaChava最適合酗酒的人。故選C。3．A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)標(biāo)題“2023HotList:TheBestNewRestaurantsintheWorld(2023熱門榜單：世界上最好的新餐廳)”可知，這篇文章是為了介紹幾家熱門新餐廳的特色。故選A。B（2022·福建廈門·統(tǒng)考二模）IliveinXizhouinYunnanProvince,onthehistoricTeaHorseRoad.IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.LastMay,ImetPaul.HetoldmethatitwashisfirsttimeinChina.Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.IdecidedtoaccompanyPaulonhiswalktowardYunnan.OnSeptember28,2021,wesetout.Ourdaysweresimple:walk,eat,sleep,andrepeat.Wewokeupatsunrise,setoffinhighspirits,andrestedatsunset,draggingourselvesintoexhaustedsleep.Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.Together,wewereimpressedbythebiodiversityoftheGaoligongMountains.AsIwalkedonancientpathsthroughmountains,Iseemedtoheartheantiquevoicesofpasttravelersurgingmetobecarefulontheroad.Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother’scultures.4．HowdidthewriterfirstrespondtoPaul’stravelplan?A．Scared. B．Puzzled.C．Disappointed. D．Surprised.5．WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulSalopekfromparagraph2?A．Hewasawesternjournalist. B．HehadaknowledgeofChina.C．HecametoChinaseveraltimes. D．HewasJosephRock’sacquaintance.6．Whatdoesparagraph4tellusaboutthewriterandPaul?A．Theyhonoredtheancestors. B．Theysetoffinhighspirits.C．Theysatisfiedthelocals’curiosity. D．Theybuiltbondswithpeople.7．Whatisthemainpurposeofthewriter’swritingthetext?A．Toshareandreflectonajourney. B．Tosuggestanewwayoftravel.C．Toadvocateprotectionofbiodiversity. D．TointroduceandpromoteChineseculture.【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者住在云南喜洲，這在歷史悠久的茶馬古道上，他遇到了要用雙腳環(huán)游地球的保羅?薩洛佩科，于是決定陪保羅在云南徒步旅行，本文描寫了他們一路上的見聞和感悟。4．D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.(我不得不承認(rèn)，當(dāng)我第一次聽說保羅?薩洛佩科要用自己的雙腳環(huán)游整個(gè)地球時(shí)，我被震撼了。我無法想象世界上會(huì)有這樣一個(gè)不尋常的人。)”可推知，作者最初對(duì)保羅的旅行計(jì)劃感到吃驚。故選D。5．B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.(他興奮地跟我講起我所在的中國地區(qū)的歷史、移民和發(fā)現(xiàn)。他談到了南方絲綢之路——蜀身毒道，17世紀(jì)中國探險(xiǎn)家徐霞客的旅行，茶馬古道，以及20世紀(jì)初美國植物學(xué)家約瑟夫?洛克。他還談到了玄奘。保羅認(rèn)為其中許多人都是英雄，從某種意義上說，他們是中國慢新聞的先驅(qū)。)”可推知，保羅?薩洛佩科對(duì)中國有一定的了解。故選B。6．D【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.(我們?cè)诼飞嫌龅搅嗽S多人。有些人很好奇，圍著我們，看著我們；有人給我們指路；有些人邀請(qǐng)我們?nèi)ニ麄兗倚菹?；一些人談到了家鄉(xiāng)的魅力。我們遇見了許多美麗的靈魂、樸素的靈魂和溫暖的靈魂。我們?cè)谟梦覀兊乃枷胄凶摺?”可知，第四段主要說明了作者和保羅遇到了形形色色的人，他們與人們建立了聯(lián)系。故選D。7．A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother’scultures.(回顧我和保羅一起走過的200多英里，我有了一個(gè)認(rèn)識(shí)。為步行而步行，雖然健康和令人欽佩，但只是用我們雙腳移動(dòng)的一小部分好處。更深層次的回報(bào)是重新發(fā)現(xiàn)我們周圍的世界，縮短彼此之間的距離，分享彼此的文化。)”并結(jié)合全文可知，本文主要講述了作者住在云南喜洲，這里在歷史悠久的茶馬古道上，他遇到了要用雙腳環(huán)游地球的保羅?薩洛佩科，于是決定陪保羅去云南，文章描述了他們路上的見聞和感悟。由此可推知，文章的目的是分享和回顧一段旅程。故選A。C（2023上·廣西·高二）WilberforceTushemereirweholdsupagenetically-modifiedbananathattookmillionsofdollarsand20yearstomake.ItcontainsalargeamountofprovitaminA,asubstancethattransformsintovitaminAinthebody.This“superbanana”wascreatedatUganda’sNationalAgriculturalResearchLaboratoriesforthenoblestofcauses:tosavethelivesofthousandsofchildrenwhodieinUgandaeveryyearfromalackofvitaminA．VitaminAshortageremainsaseriousglobalpublichealthproblem.TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimatesthat190millionpreschoolchildrensufferfromvitaminAshortagetoday,mostlyinsub-SaharanAfricaandSoutheastAsia.Itistheleadingcauseofpreventableblindnessinchildren.Italsoinhibitschildren’sgrowthandweakenstheirresistancetoillnessessothatmanydiefromtreatablediseasessuchasdiarrheaandmeasles.InUganda,oneoftheworld’spoorestcountries,itremainshighonthelistofhealthrisks,whichmakesiturgenttofindwaystodealwiththecondition.TheUgandangovernmenthastriedfordecadestosolvetheproblem—withlimitedsuccess.DistributionofvitaminAcapsules,forexample,workedwellinurbanareasbutfailedtoreachthosemostinneedinruralareas.IncreasingcornandwheatflourandeatableoilswithvitaminAprovedmoreeffective.Butthosefoodsarenotconsumedinlargeenoughamountstomakeameaningfuldifference.Bananas,amainstapleoftheUgandandiet,seemedtobeabetteroption.Yet,oneproblemstillremains.FredWanyu,aUgandantriballeaderandlinguist,sayshisancestorsconsideredthebanana“themotherofsociety”.Farmersworrythatanewsuperbananawilldistort(扭曲)Ugandanbananaculturedramatically.Thoughherespectstheancestors,Wanyualsobelievesthatifalittlepieceofbananaisaddedtoasisterbanana,developingintosomethingbetter,“Ithinkwewillliveinabetterworld.”“That’swhatmanyUgandanswishforastheystruggletheirwayoutofmalnutritionandextremepoverty.”“Cultureisdynamic,”Wanyusaid.“Otherwise,wewouldcontinuewritingonstones.”8．Whywasthesuperbananacreated?A．Toincreasetheproductionofbananas.B．ToassistUgandanpeopleinfightinghunger.C．TohelpthehumanbodyabsorbmorevitaminA．D．TosavechildrensufferingfromvitaminAshortage.9．Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph2?A．ToshowwaysofpreventingvitaminAshortage.B．Toexplaintheleadingcauseofblindnessinchildren.C．Tostresstheurgencyofdevelopingthesuperbanana.D．Tointroducesomeseriousglobalpublichealthproblems.10．WhatisWanyu’sattitudetowardsthesuperbanana?A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Indifferent. D．Disapproving.11．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．Advantagesof“SuperBanana”B．Explorationof“SuperBanana”C．WideSpreadof“SuperBanana”D．LargeOutputof“SuperBanana”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了新型“超級(jí)香蕉”的誕生。8．D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“This“superbanana”wascreatedatUganda’sNationalAgriculturalResearchLaboratoriesforthenoblestofcauses:tosavethelivesofthousandsofchildrenwhodieinUgandaeveryyearfromalackofvitaminA.(這種“超級(jí)香蕉”是由烏干達(dá)國家農(nóng)業(yè)研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室發(fā)明的，目的是為了最崇高的事業(yè)：挽救烏干達(dá)每年因缺乏維生素A而死亡的數(shù)千名兒童的生命)”可知，這種“超級(jí)香蕉”是由烏干達(dá)國家農(nóng)業(yè)研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室研制出來的，目的是為了挽救烏干達(dá)每年因缺乏維生素A而死亡的數(shù)千名兒童的生命。故選D。9．C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“VitaminAshortageremainsaseriousglobalpublichealthproblem.TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimatesthat190millionpreschoolchildrensufferfromvitaminAshortagetoday,mostlyinsub-SaharanAfricaandSoutheastAsia.Itistheleadingcauseofpreventableblindnessinchildren.Italsoinhibitschildren’sgrowthandweakenstheirresistancetoillnessessothatmanydiefromtreatablediseasessuchasdiarrheaandmeasles.InUganda,oneoftheworld’spoorestcountries,itremainshighonthelistofhealthrisks,whichmakesiturgenttofindwaystodealwiththecondition.(維生素A短缺仍然是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的全球公共衛(wèi)生問題。世界衛(wèi)生組織估計(jì)，目前有1.9億學(xué)齡前兒童缺乏維生素A，主要分布在撒哈拉以南非洲和東南亞。它是導(dǎo)致兒童可預(yù)防失明的主要原因。它還抑制兒童的生長，削弱他們對(duì)疾病的抵抗力，因此許多人死于腹瀉和麻疹等本可治療的疾病。在烏干達(dá)，這個(gè)世界上最貧窮的國家之一，它仍然在健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)清單上名列前茅，因此迫切需要找到應(yīng)對(duì)這種疾病的方法)”可推知，該段主要的寫作目的是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)研制超級(jí)香蕉的迫切性。故選C。10．A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thoughherespectstheancestors,Wanyualsobelievesthatifalittlepieceofbananaisaddedtoasisterbanana,developingintosomethingbetter,“Ithinkwewillliveinabetterworld.”“That’swhatmanyUgandanswishforastheystruggletheirwayoutofmalnutritionandextremepoverty.”“Cultureisdynamic,”Wanyusaid.“Otherwise,wewouldcontinuewritingonstones.”(雖然他很尊重祖先，但Wanyu也認(rèn)為，如果把一小塊香蕉加到姐妹香蕉上，發(fā)展成更好的香蕉，“我想我們會(huì)生活在一個(gè)更好的世界。“這是許多烏干達(dá)人在努力擺脫營養(yǎng)不良和極端貧困時(shí)所希望的。”“文化是動(dòng)態(tài)的，”Wanyu說：“否則，我們會(huì)繼續(xù)在石頭上寫字?！?”可知，Wangyu相信把一種香蕉通過轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)嫁接到另一種香蕉上，可以得到更好的香蕉，這會(huì)使人們生活得更好。這也是許多烏干達(dá)人在努力擺脫營養(yǎng)不良和極端貧困時(shí)所希望的。由此推知，他對(duì)超級(jí)香蕉的態(tài)度是積極的。故選A。11．B【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“This“superbanana”wascreatedatUganda’sNationalAgriculturalResearchLaboratoriesforthenoblestofcauses:tosavethelivesofthousandsofchildrenwhodieinUgandaeveryyearfromalackofvitaminA.(這種“超級(jí)香蕉”是由烏干達(dá)國家農(nóng)業(yè)研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室發(fā)明的，目的是為了最崇高的事業(yè)：挽救烏干達(dá)每年因缺乏維生素A而死亡的數(shù)千名兒童的生命)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹干達(dá)國家農(nóng)業(yè)研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室為了挽救每年因患維生素A缺乏癥而死亡的數(shù)千名兒童的生命，不斷努力，最終研制出“超級(jí)香蕉”。由此可知，“Explorationof“SuperBanana”(“超級(jí)香蕉”的探索)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B。D（2023上·廣東東莞·高二）ThedaysofhavingtorememberyourIDcouldsoonbeathingofthep