代詞（知識(shí)梳理+考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練+實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練）原卷版-2024年高中英語學(xué)考考點(diǎn)歸納與測試

專題03代詞

學(xué)業(yè)要求

i.熟練掌握代詞的句法功能和分類；

2.掌握代詞的指代、主格、賓格和反身代詞用法；

3.掌握常考的含有代詞的固定短語意思；

4.掌握i作形式主語和賓語的用法;強(qiáng)調(diào)句it的用法。

考點(diǎn)梳理

代詞分為九類：人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、相互代詞、指示代詞、疑問代詞、連接代詞、關(guān)系代詞、

不定代詞。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的作用。

1.人稱代詞主要有主格和賓格之別。請(qǐng)看下表：

格單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)

人稱^\

主格賓格主格賓格

第一人稱ImeweUS

第二人稱youyouyouyour

hehim

第三人稱shehertheythem

itit

2.物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞兩種。請(qǐng)看下表

\A義我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他們的

類別\\

形容詞性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir

名詞性mineyourshishersoursyourstheirs

第二人稱第三人稱

單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself/herself/itself

復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves

指示代詞有：this,that,these,those

疑問代詞有：who,whomwhose,what,which,

還有疑問副詞：when,how,where,why。

不定代詞主要有：some,any,many,much,each,neither,other,another,all,both,one,none,either...

1.物主代詞的用法

形容詞性物主代詞：作定語，相當(dāng)形容詞，不能單獨(dú)使用，后面必須加名詞；

名詞性物主代詞：不作定語，相當(dāng)名詞詞組，可單獨(dú)使用，后面不須加名詞。

如：Hereismysister.HernameisJenny.(形容詞性物主代詞)

Isthatcoffeeyoursorhers?(名詞性物主代詞)

2.反身代詞的用法

teachoneself自學(xué)

speak/saytooneself自言自語

byoneself獨(dú)自地

helponeselfto隨便吃...

enjoyoneself玩得開心

makeyourselfathome請(qǐng)自便

3.指示代詞的用法：主要有四個(gè)，即this,that,these和those

1)指示代詞分單數(shù)(this/that)和復(fù)數(shù)(these/those)兩種形式，既可作限定詞又可做代詞，例如：

單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)

限定詞：ThisgirlisMary.Thosemenaremyteachers.

代詞：ThisisMary.Thosearemyteachers.

嘖1,為避免重復(fù)，可用that和those代替前面提到的名詞。如：

Theplaygroundofthisschoolisbiggerthanthatofthatschool.(that=theplayground)

Myseatisnexttothatofthemayor.

我的座位在市長座位旁邊

-2.用來回指上文提到的事情時(shí)，可用this或that,但是若要指下文敘述的事情，通常要用this.如:

------Sheisabeautifulgirl.

------Whosaidthat?

Iwanttoknowthis:Isshebeautiful?

f3.在打電話時(shí)，通常用this指自己，用that指對(duì)方：

Hello.ThisisJim.IsthatJohn?喂，我是吉姆，你是約翰嗎？

4.疑問代詞的用法

疑問代詞：who,whom,whose,which,what等用于引出特殊疑問句。

注意：1.what與which的用法區(qū)別：當(dāng)選擇的范圍較明確時(shí)，用which；當(dāng)選擇的范圍不明確時(shí)，用what。

如：Whichcolordoyoulike,red,blackorwhite?紅色、黑色和白色，你喜歡哪種？

Whatcolorisyourcar?你的汽車是什么顏色的？

5.不定代詞的用法

1)定義：不定代詞是不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞。

2)種類

英語中不定代詞有：

some(something,somebody,someone,somewhere),

any(anything,anybody,anyone,anywhere),no(nothing,nobody,noone),

every(everything,everybody,everyone,everywhere),all,each,both,much,many,(a)

little,(a)few,other(s),another,none,one,either,neither等。

集1.some和any的比較

不定代詞some,any都是“一些”的意思，都可和可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用。

some一般用于肯定句中；

any則用于否定句、疑問句或條件從句中.

全注意：在表示請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)或征求意見的句子中，通常要用some而不用any。

如：Willyoulendmesomemoney?可以借些錢給我嗎？

一、人稱代詞

1.人稱代詞作主語用主格，作賓語、表語用賓格，但應(yīng)注意以下四種情況：

①作主語的人稱代詞如果孤立地使用于無謂語動(dòng)詞的句子中，或在這種句子中與動(dòng)詞不定式連用，常用賓

格。

一Susan,goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.

一Whyme?Johnissittingtheredoingnothing.

②句子中代詞作賓語或賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，與所替代的名詞在人稱、數(shù)、格以及意義上一般要保持前后一致。

Thethiefwasthoughttobehe.(thethief是主格，故用he替代)

Theytookmetobeher.他們誤以為我是她。(me是賓格，故用her替代)

③作表語的人稱代詞一般用賓格，但在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分代詞的格不變。

Imetherinthehospital.—ItwasherwhoImetinthehospital.

④在比較級(jí)的句子中than、as后用主格、賓格都可以。如：Heistallerthanme(I).但在下列句中有區(qū)別：

IlikeJackasmuchasher.=1likebothJackandher.

IlikeJackasmuchasshe.=1likeJackandshelikeshim,too.

2.兩個(gè)以上的人稱代詞并列，其次序排列原則：

在并列主語中，“1”總是放在最后，排列順序?yàn)椋憾?人稱)。賓格me也一樣。

You,sheandIwillbeinchargeofthecase.

Mr.ZhangaskedLiHuaandmetohelphim.

二、物主代詞

1.注意名詞性和形容詞性物主代詞各自的語法功能。

2.one'sown...=...ofone'sown句式的轉(zhuǎn)換。

3.某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中常用定冠詞代替物主代詞。

takesb.bythearm,bewoundedintheleg

三、反身代詞

1.反身代詞的語法功能：賓語、表語、主語或賓語的同位語。

2.反身代詞和某些動(dòng)詞連用，構(gòu)成固定短語。

devoteoneselfto致力于

dressoneself自己穿衣

enjoyoneself過得快活

feeloneself覺得正常

3.反身代詞還可用于某些成語中。

foroneself為自己；獨(dú)立地

ofoneself自然地；自動(dòng)地

byoneself獨(dú)自地

inoneself本身

四、相互代詞(eachother,oneanother)

相互代詞無人稱、數(shù)和格的區(qū)別，在句中作賓語。其所有格分別為eachother's,oneanother's,作定語。

一般來說，eachother指兩者之間，oneanother指三者或三者以上之間，但現(xiàn)在區(qū)分已不明顯。

五、指示代詞(this,that,these,those,such,same)

指示代詞具有形容詞和代詞兩種詞性，在句子中可以作定語、主語、賓語或表語等。

1.指示代詞this(these)和that(those)的區(qū)別。

①this(these)一般指時(shí)間或空間上較近的人或物；that(those)常指時(shí)間或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的人或物。

Thisismydeskandthatisyours.

Inthosedaystheycouldnotgotoschool.

②this常指后面要講到的事物，有啟下的作用；that則指前面講到過的事物，有承上的作用。

Iwanttotellyouthis：theEnglishpartywillbeheldonSaturdayafternoon.

Hehurthislegyesterday.Thafswhyhedidn'tcome.

③為了避免重復(fù)，常用that或those代替前面已提過的名詞。

TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthanthatofNanjing.

Theearsofarabbitarelongerthanthoseofafox.

④this在電話用語中用于作自我介紹，that用于詢問對(duì)方；this和that可以當(dāng)副詞用，意思相當(dāng)于副詞so。

Canhardworkchangeapersonthatmuch?

一、單項(xiàng)選擇

1.（2022?山西晉中?高二?？紝W(xué)業(yè)考試）一Mum,whereismyfootball?Haveyouseen?

一Football?Oh,it'sinmycar.

A.oneB.themC.itD.any

2.（2022?內(nèi)蒙古?高二統(tǒng)考學(xué)業(yè)考試）wasdifficultforthemtotaketimeofftocelebratethefestival.

A.ItB.ThatC.ThisD.What

3.（2023春?河北?高二統(tǒng)考學(xué)業(yè)考試）Jackwantedtolearntoplaythepianoby_afteraliveconcert.

A.himB.hisC.heD.himself

4.（2023春?河北?高二統(tǒng)考學(xué)業(yè)考試）Therearesometalltreeson_sideofthestreet.Soyouwillfeelcool.

A.bothB.allC.neitherD.either

5.（2022?內(nèi)蒙古?高二統(tǒng)考學(xué)業(yè)考試）isreallyeasytogetlostamongthetwistingandturningHutongs

nearthePalaceMuseuminBeijing.

A.ItB.ThatC.ThisD.What

6.（2022春?甘肅天水?高二天水市第一中學(xué)校考學(xué)業(yè)考試）一Whosecameraisthis?Isit.?

-No,ifsnotmine.Ifs_.

A.you;himB.yours;himC.yours;hisD.you;his

7.（2022春?甘肅天水?高二天水市第一中學(xué)?？紝W(xué)業(yè)考試）Dadtoldusthepriceherewasmuchlowerthan_in

London.

A.itB.thatC.thisD.one

8.（2022春?甘肅天水?高二天水市第一中學(xué)?？紝W(xué)業(yè)考試）ThegoodsontheInternetarecheaperthan

webuyinshops.

A.beingbought;thatB.bought;those

C.bought;thatD.bebought;those

9.（2022春?甘肅天水?高二天水市第一中學(xué)校考學(xué)業(yè)考試）inthelibraryregulationsthatanybook

borrowedshouldbereturnedbyduetime,ortheborrowerwillbefined.

A.WhatisrequiredB.Itisrequired

C.WhatrequiresD.Itrequires

10.（2022秋?云南?高二統(tǒng)考學(xué)業(yè)考試）Manypeoplethink________necessarytolearnEnglish.

A.thatB.themC.itD.you

11.（2021秋?吉林?高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）isapparentthatwehavemade.

A.It;progressB.It;aprogressC.What;progressD.What;aprogress

12.（2021秋?吉林?高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）Thelonelyboyoftenplaysfootballwith.

A.heB.hisC.himD.himself

13.（2021秋?湖南株洲?高一株洲市南方中學(xué)?？紝W(xué)業(yè)考試）Therearetwotreesinmybackyard.Oneisa

Chinesedatetree.isalsoaChinesedatetree.

A.TheotherB.OtherC.Another

14.（2021秋?吉林?高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）Myunclepromisedtobuyanicegiftformybirthday,beyondmy

imagination.

A.whichB.thatC.somethingD.theone

15.（2021秋?云南?高三學(xué)業(yè)考試）Edappreciateifyoucouldgivemeanearlyreply.

A.youB.myselfC.itD.them

16.（2020秋?河北?高二統(tǒng)考學(xué)業(yè)考試）issaidthatstresscancauseillness.

A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.What

17.（2020秋?河W匕?高三統(tǒng)考學(xué)業(yè)考試）TheInternethasmadepossibleforustokeepintouchwiththe

world.

A.itB.thisC.thatD.one

二、根據(jù)漢語意思填寫單詞

18.（2019春?福建,高三統(tǒng)考學(xué)業(yè)考試）Mr.Smithoftentells（他的）sonnottodependonanybody

buthimself.

19.（2021秋?云南?高三學(xué)業(yè)考試）Iamalwaystoldtodoeverythingby（我自己）.三、用單

詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子

20.（2023春?廣東佛山?高二統(tǒng)考學(xué)業(yè)考試）Ithoughtstrangethatmyteachercouldnotshowmelove.

過關(guān)檢測

1.isoutofquestionthatChina?seconomywillkeepgrowingfor40years.

2.Itisestimatedtotalinvestmentinthecountrywillcontinuetoincreasethisyear.

3.seemsobviousthatevolutionshouldselectforlargerbrains.

4.Theoldmanhasthreesons,butnoneofisadoctor.

5.Shewasstuckathomewithonlyhercomputertokeep（she）company.

6.Awealthybusinessmancameto（they）rescuewithagenerousdonation.

7.Thecomputersinyourofficearemoreexpensivethaninourschool

8.Youmayrelyonthattheywillsupportyou.

9.Likemostofgirls,shelacksthesenseofdirections,soshealwayslosewayinanewcity.

10.Hefounddifficulttoworkouttheproblem.

11.Hegotanewhaircutandgotupinasuit,thenheadedforthehall.

12.Themandistinguished(he)byhiswisdom.

13.Hehadagooddisguise(偽裝),butassoonashespokehebetrayed(he).

14.Wheninteractingwithothers,peopleshouldput(they)intheotherperson'sposition,regardingitasa

codeofconducttoliveharmoniouslywithothers.

15.ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,butdidn'thelp.

16.Insteadofhavingtochooseoneortheother,wecanbenefitfromoftheapproaches.

17.Peoplesharedtheirfood,ice,andgasoline.Peoplewhostillhadpoweropenedtheirhomestowhohad

none.

18.Thedifferencebetweenamanwhosucceedsandwhodoesnotliesonlyinthewayeachtreats

opportunities.

19.isverycommonforstudentstobephysicallypresentinclass,butmentallyabsentbecausetheyare

usingtheirmobiles.

20.Thosewhosmokeheavilyshouldremindofhealth,thebadsmellandthefeelingsofotherpeople.

21.SheopenedherarmswideandtimidlyIopenedandwehugged.

22.AlthoughRosemaryhadsufferedfromaseriousillnessforyears,shelostofherenthusiasmforlife.

23.ofthethreeboysarewillingtoplaywithme,soIwasalone.

24.TheancientEgyptianssawparadiseasanidealizedversionofownlives.

25.Readersareencouragedtocontinueexploringthedigitalworldwiththeguidanceof(we)Further

Resourcessectionfeaturedineachvolume.

26.“Didanyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?"Awomanonthebusshouted,t4Ohdear!Ifs(I).”

27.Unfortunately,tooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatea

largepartoftheseresources.

28.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure(結(jié)構(gòu))，makingeasiertoproducesuchsounds.

29.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthan(other)?

30.Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,and(another)resourcesusedtogrowit.

31.AndrewReynolds,acheerfulfellowin(he)early30s,pilotsSydneyferryboatsforaliving.

32.Wecan'tseemtomakeup(we)mindswhetherwewantamodemcityoratraditional.

33.AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefound(her)greetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins

(企鵝)longingtosayhello.

34.Itcomesaftermorethanhalfofsoftdrinkssoldinshopshavehad(they)sugarlevelscutby

manufacturers(制造商)sotheycanavoidpayingthetax.

35.Mymotheroftentellsmetobehave(I)onformaloccasionsandnotmakeafoolofmyself.

36.NomatterwhenIgotoapostofficeandnomatterwherethepostofficeis,Ialwa