2022年上海市高考英語試卷(秋考)(解析卷)

2022年上海市高考英語試卷參考答案與試題解析I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1．A.Aboxofcupcakes.B.Asoupspoon.C.Apacketofsugar.D.Acupofcoffee.【答案】C【分析】詳見高考英語聽力試題文字稿2．A.Worried.B.Excited.C.Interested.D.Crazy.【答案】A【分析】詳見高考英語聽力試題文字稿3．A.Givingawardstostudents.B.Buyingagiftforhisson.C.Sellingnewtoystocustomers.D.Interviewingtobecomeatraindriver.【答案】B【分析】詳見高考英語聽力試題文字稿4．A.Sheshouldn'tgooutwithanotebook.B.Sheshouldhavebeenmorecarefulandshecanonlyblameherself.C.Sheshouldpayattentiontothenotebookonthebench.D.Sheshouldn'ttakethelossofhernotebooktoheart.【答案】B【分析】詳見高考英語聽力試題文字稿5．A.Theirtravelplaninthecity.B.Theirexhibitioninthegallery.C.Theirexperienceinthememorialhall.D.Theirjourneyinthecitymap.【答案】A【分析】詳見高考英語聽力試題文字稿6．A.Sheisachessteacher.B.Sheisindifferenttoherchessprogress.C.Shesignedupforthechessgame.D.Shehasn'ttouchedthechessboardforalongtime.【答案】C【分析】詳見高考英語聽力試題文字稿7．A.Thelightsettings.B.Thestagebackground.C.Theperformancestyle.D.Thestoryline.【答案】D【分析】詳見高考英語聽力試題文字稿8．A.Theopen﹣airmovieintheforestpark.B.Theflowershowintheforestpark.C.Theclosingperformanceofsportsmeeting.D.Theopeningperformanceoftheforestpark.【答案】B【分析】詳見高考英語聽力試題文字稿9．A.Kateisasocialphobic（恐懼的）patient.B.Kate'sdistinctpersonalityisnormal.C.Kateoftenloseshertemperwithherclassmates.D.Kate'sstrangepersonalityaffectsherdailylife.【答案】B【分析】詳見高考英語聽力試題文字稿10．A.Heneedstofixthebudgetofthehotel.B.HemustgettoBeijingontime.C.Hecanstayatherparents'house.D.HewantstovisithisparentsinBeijing.【答案】C【分析】詳見高考英語聽力試題文字稿SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.11．A.About1，400.B.About3，000.C.About1，900.D.About2，000.12．A.Ithasalonghistory.B.Ithasnotyetachievedcommercialsuccess.C.Itonlysellsfruitatitsstall.D.Itstartedfromnothing.13．A.ThesuccessstoryofKittenCoffee.B.ThehistoryofEverbrown.C.Thesecretofbusinesssuccess.D.Theadvantagesofdiversifiedproducts.【答案】BDA【分析】詳見高考英語聽力試題文字稿14．A.Itneedsscissorstobeopenedforuse.B.Ithaslaunchedmorethan30products.C.Itismaterial﹣efficientandenvironmentallyfriendly.D.Itsreputationamongsellersisverypoor.15．A.Ithasputforwardeffectiveinitiatives.B.Ithasreachedthepeakofproductupgrading.C.Ithasofferedawiderangeofproducts.D.Itonlyintroducestheproductthroughvideoclips.16．A.Diversifieddesignofpackagingmaterials.B.Workinghardtopromoteproductdevelopment.C.Innovativeinitiativesofe﹣commercepioneers.D.Anewwayofpackaging：that'sfrustration﹣free.【答案】CCD【分析】詳見高考英語聽力試題文字稿17．A.Theman'stripinParisasanexchangestudent.B.Theman'saccommodationinParisasanexchangestudent.C.Theman'scourseplaninParisasanexchangestudent.D.Theman'sdailydietinParisasanexchangestudent.18．A.Thetalentapartmentoutsidetheschoolischeaper.B.Thehostfamilyiswillingtoprovidehimwithaccommodation.C.Theroommatehassharedanapartmentwithhim.D.Theschooldoesn'thaveanon﹣campusdormitoryforexchangestudents.19．A.Hemaywanttovisitfamousscenicspots.B.Hemayhaveatightschedule.C.Hemaywanthisfamilytoaccompanyhim.D.Hemayneedachauffeurtotakehimtoschool.20．A.Helikestofinishtheexperimentwithhisclassmates.B.Hewantstosplittherenttosavemoney.C.Hehopestohavethesameschedulewithhisroommate.D.Hejustwantstohitchhike（搭順風(fēng)車）toclass.【答案】BDBC【分析】詳見高考英語聽力試題文字稿2022年高考英語聽力試題文字稿SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.M:I'mbakingcupcakes,butI'verunoutofsugar.Wouldyoupleasesparemeaspoonful?W:Sure,I'llfetchyouapacket.Q:Whatwillthewomanoffertotheman?Apacketofsugar.2.W:Haven'tseenthedogfortwodays.Idon'tknowifanythingterriblehashappenedtoit.M:We'dbetterpreparefortheworst.Q:Howdoesthewomanmostprobablyfeel?Worried.3.M:Canyourecommendsomethingthataschoolboyofsevenoreightwillreallylike?W:I'dsuggestthistoytrain,sir.Thisnewbrandispopularthesedays.Q:Whatisthemanmostprobablydoing?Buyingagiftforhisson.4.M:Iputmynotebookonthebenchawhileago,butnowit'sgone.W:Well,youshouldhavekeptaneyeonit.Q:Whatdoesthemanimplyaboutthewoman?Thewomanshouldhavebeenmorecarefulandshecanonlyblameherself.5.W:Asyoucanseefromthecitymap,thegalleryistoofarawayfromhere.Wedon'thaveenoughtimetogothere.M:HowabouttheMemorialHallnearby?Iheardit'sbreathtaking.Q:Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?Theirtravelplaninthecity.6.M:Linda,you'llhaveyourchessgametomorrow.You'dbetterstayathometodomorepractice.W:Dad,itwasyesterday.Q:WhatdowelearnaboutLindafromtheconversation?Shehadherchessgameyesterday./Sheisachessplayer./Shesignedupforthechessgame.7.W:Charles,whatdoyouthinkofthestageplay?M:Thestorylinefascinatesmealot,yetthelightingandsettingstillneedimproving,letalonethemusic.Q:Whichaspectofthestageplaydoesthemanlike?Thestoryline.8.M:Theflowershowintheforestparkclosestoday.Doyouwanttojoinmeforthelastchance?W:Goodidea.Um,themoviecanwait.Q:Whereisthewomanmostprobablygoing?Theflowershowintheforestpark.9.W:Ican'tgetonwellwithmyroommate,Kate.She'ssoweird.M:Well,she'sjustdifferent.Afterall,diversityisafactoflife.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?Kate’sbeingdistinctfromothersisnormal.10.M:I'mgoingtoBeijingnextweek,butIhaven'tfoundahotelwithinmybudget.W:Whybother?Myparentscanputyouupforacoupleofdays.Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?Hecanstayatherparents’house.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Everbrownisasmalltownwithahistoryof1400years.Eachsummer,the300hotspringsnearbyattractabout40000tourists.Fortherestoftheyear,itishometojust3000people.Itisnotthekindofplaceyou'dexpecttofindKittenCoffee,afamousfoodcompany.

Afteruniversityin1992,MissRosemary,founderofthecompany,wantednothingmorethantoliveinasmalltown.WithjobshardtocomebyinEverbrown,sheandherhusbandhadtomoveintoacabinwithnoelectricityorrunningwater,andbegantorunafruitstandspecificallyfortouristsduringthesummermonths.Theyquicklyrealizedthattheyneededtosetupabusinessthatcouldbesuccessfulallyearround.In1996,theybeganroastingcoffeebeansintheirgarage,givingthebusinessthename

KittenCoffee.Assalesquicklytookoff,itsoonbecameapparentthattheirproductwasgoingtobebetterknownthanthetownfromwhichitcame.Sincethen,

KittenCoffee

hasbecomeoneofthebiggestsuccessstories.Itsspecialimageofabrownkittenappearsingrocerystoresandcafésacrossthecountry.Questions:11.WhatisthepopulationofthetownEverbrown?About3,000.12.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthecompany?Itstartedfromnothing/inagarage./It’sbetterknownthanthetown./It’soneofthebiggestsuccessstories.13.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?HowthebusinessKittenCoffee

hasbecomesuccessful./Thesuccessstoryof

KittenCoffee.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Breakingthroughtightlysealedpackagingcanexhaustandfrustrateyou.Fiveyearsago,asapioneerine-commerce,wesetupateamandannouncedamulti-yearinitiativetoreduceyourfrustration.Wenamedit‘KeepItSimple’packagingor‘KIS’packagingforshort.Atthattimewemadeanintroductionvideoandgotagreatmanycommentslikethis:“Theoldpackagingtookscissorsandsweattoopen.Thenewwayisperfect.”Sincethelaunchfiveyearsago,ourKISteamhasworkedhard.Welaunchedwith29products.Todayweoffermorethan300,000differentproductsinKISpackaging,andthey’vebeenorderedmorethan85milliontimes.Inadditiontobeingfrustration-free,thispackagingisalsobetterfortheenvironment﹣noclearplasticmaterialsandit’ssmaller.KISpackaginghassofareliminatedover27.4millionpoundsofpackagingmaterial.Westillhavefurthertogoonthisinitiativeandwe’llkeepafterit.Wewanttosaythankyoutothemillionsofcustomersandthousandsofsellerswhohavesupportedusonthisjourneysofar.Ifyou’dliketoshareyourfeedbackandsuggestionswithusthisholidayseason,youcanreachusanytimeatourwebsite.Yourcommentsarethedrivingforcebehindhundredsofpackagingimprovementseveryyear.Questions:14.WhatcanbelearnedaboutKISpackaging?Itmakespackagessimpletoopen./Itismaterial-efficientandenvironmentallyfriendly./Ithasbeenhugelypopularamongcustomersandsellers.15.WhathastheKISteamdonesofar?Ithasofferedawiderangeofproducts.16.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?Anewwayofpackagingthat’sfrustration-free.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.W:Hey,Steven!IheardyouaregoingtoParisasanexchangestudent,butyoudon’tseemexcited.M:Theschooldoesn’thaveanon-campusdormitoryforexchangestudents.I’mthinkingofrentinganapartment.W:Goodidea!M:Buttheplacesclosetocampusareexpensive,andtheaffordableonesaretoofar.W:Can’tyoutakebuses?M:SometimesIhavetostayoncampuslatefortonsoflaboratoryworkandassignmentsafterbusesstoprunning.W:Hmm…That’sapointforbeingclosetocampus.Whynotfindahomestayfamily?M:Youmeanlivingwithalocalfamily?W:Yeah,yougetyourmealsaswell.M:Buttheproblemismyschedule.Imightnotbeabletohavedinneratusualtime.AndImaywakepeopleupwhenIcomebacklate.W:That’strue.M:Nowmyonlyhopeistofindaroommate.Together,wecanaffordaplacecloseenoughtotheschool.W:Butyoumayhavedifferentschedules.Youcouldwakeupyourroommateaswell.M:IhopeIcanfindoneamongmyclassmates.Sowesharethesameschedule,andhemightevengivemearideifhecoulddrive.W:Brilliant.(Nowlistenagain.)Questions:17.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?Theman’saccommodationinParisasanexchangestudent.18.Accordingtotheman,whydoeshehavetoliveoutsidethecampus?Becausetheschooldoesn’thaveanon-campusdormitoryforexchangestudents.19.WhatdoesthemanexpecthislifetobelikeinParis?Hemaybeverybusy./Hemayhaveatightschedule./Hemaystayoncampuslateforworkandmaynotbeabletohavedinneratusualtime.20.Whydoesthemanwanttochooseaclassmateashisroommate?Becausetheycansharethesamescheduleandhisclassmatemaygivehimaridetocampus.II.GrammarandVocabulary?SectionA?Directions：Afterreadingthepassagebelow，fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword，fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword；fortheotherblanks，useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.14．HowtoStartaNewBusinessAnentrepreneurisapersonwhocreates，launches，andbeginsanewbusiness，typicallyinresponsetoamarketdemandthathasnotbeenmet.Entrepreneursareoftenimaginative，self﹣motivatedindividualswhodevelopfull﹣time，successful，andsustainablebusinesses.Successfulentrepreneursfrequentlyhaverelevantinsights，expertise，andadvicetheymayofferaspiringentrepreneurstoaid（1）themontheirrespectivepaths.Interviewingentrepreneursmightprovideinsightintothestepstheytook（2）toachieve（achieve）success.Hereistheinterviewofentrepreneur﹣relatedquestions，andyouwillfindmorepreparationsforit.Question：Howwouldyoudescribeanentrepreneur？Answer：Anindividualwhoestablishesandexpandstheirowncompanythroughinnovativestrategies（3）isknown（know）asanentrepreneur.Duringtheexpansionoftheircompanies，entrepreneursareresponsibleforseveralimportanttasksinadditiontocashgeneration.Anentrepreneurperceivesacommercialneedintheirsociety，（4）develops（develop）anideaforabusiness，andthentakestheinitiativetostarttheirfirm.Supposeabusinessideadoesnotcenteronproducingaproductthatfillsagapinthe（5）existing（exist）market.Inthatcase，itmostoftencentersonapplyingtechnicaladvancementstosimplifytheprocessofobtainingaproductorservice.Question：Howdoentrepreneursidentifybusinessprospects？Answer：Entrepreneursroutinelyseekchancestoexpandorincreasetheircompany'srevenues.Theydeterminewhichproducttoincludeandwhichmarkettoenter.Anentrepreneurshouldlistentoprospectivecustomersandlookforchancestobuilditemsthatmeettheirdemands.Anentrepreneurcandetermine（6）whatotherbusinessesintheareaaredoingandhowtheysucceedbyconductingacompetitiveanalysis.Thistechniquemayinvolveconductingaphysicalsurveyorreadingindustry﹣specificmaterials.Conversationswithconsumersalsofacilitatetheidentificationoftheirfrustrationsandnegativeexperiences，（7）whichtheymayusetoenhanceafirm.Question：Whatmakesanentrepreneursuccessful？Answer：（8）Asanentrepreneur，youarebothyourmanagerandthemanagerofothers.Toachievesuccess，youmustpossessawiderangeofabilities.Anentrepreneurmustbeabletomanagepeople，abudget，operations，andincertaincases，investors.Itnecessitatesaworkstyle（9）characterized（characterize）bymultitaskingandplanningforthefirm'sshort﹣andlong﹣termgoals.（10）Asuccessfulentrepreneurmustbeabletospendhistimewisely，regularlyanalyzingandprioritizingprojectsbasedontheirrelevanceandsignificance.Itincludesengaginginshort﹣andlong﹣termplanning，economicforecasts，andmarketresearch.【答案】（1）them（2）toachieve（3）isknown（4）develops（5）existing（6）what（7）which（8）As（9）characterized（10）A【分析】本文是一篇采訪，介紹了如何成為一名成功的企業(yè)家?！窘獯稹浚?）考查代詞：句意：成功的企業(yè)家通常有相關(guān)的見解、專業(yè)知識(shí)和建議，他們可以為有抱負(fù)的企業(yè)家提供幫助，幫助他們走上各自的道路。根據(jù)句意可知空處作aid的賓語，指的是上文提到的aspiringentrepreneurs，用them。故填them。（2）考查不定式：句意：采訪企業(yè)家可能會(huì)讓你了解他們?nèi)〉贸晒λ扇〉牟襟E。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，企業(yè)家所采取的步驟是為了獲得成功，所以這里應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式表目的。故填toachieve。（3）考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)：句意：通過創(chuàng)新戰(zhàn)略建立并擴(kuò)大自己公司的人被稱為企業(yè)家。beknownas被認(rèn)為是……，固定搭配；根據(jù)Anindividual可知此處的be動(dòng)詞是單數(shù)的，文章的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，而且根據(jù)句子主語individual后的who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，空格處的動(dòng)詞為謂語動(dòng)詞。故填入isknown。（4）考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)：句意：企業(yè)家在他們的社會(huì)中發(fā)現(xiàn)了商業(yè)需求，發(fā)展出了一個(gè)商業(yè)想法，然后主動(dòng)創(chuàng)辦了自己的公司。此句的主語是Anentrepreneur，該空是一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞，且與前面的perceives并列，時(shí)態(tài)還是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)。故填入develops。（5）考查形容詞：句意：假設(shè)一個(gè)商業(yè)想法的中心不是生產(chǎn)填補(bǔ)現(xiàn)有市場空白的產(chǎn)品。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞market，表示"現(xiàn)存的"。故填existing。（6）考查賓語從句：句意：企業(yè)家可以通過進(jìn)行競爭分析來確定該地區(qū)的其他企業(yè)在做什么以及他們是如何成功的。根據(jù)后面的howtheysucceed（他們是如何成功的）可以推測出這里要表達(dá)的意思是"其他企業(yè)在做什么"。故填what。（7）考查非限制性定語從句。：句意：與消費(fèi)者的對(duì)話也有助于識(shí)別他們的沮喪和負(fù)面體驗(yàn)，他們可能會(huì)利用這些來增強(qiáng)公司。此處考查的是定語從句，theirfrustrationsandnegativeexperiences在后面的從句中作賓語，屬于事物。故填which。（8）考查介詞：句意：作為一名企業(yè)家，你既是自己的管理者，也是他人的管理者。后面的youarebothyourmanagerandthemanagerofothers是個(gè)完整的句子，anentrepreneur為名詞。結(jié)合語境，此處要表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)是"作為一名企業(yè)家"。故填A(yù)s。（9）考查：句意：它需要種多任務(wù)處理和為公司的短期和長期目標(biāo)規(guī)劃的工作風(fēng)格。根據(jù)句子的謂語動(dòng)詞necessitates判定空格處的提示動(dòng)詞為非謂語動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)，而且由by可知，此處應(yīng)用過去分詞修飾名詞詞組aworkstyle。故填characterized。（10）考查冠詞：句意：一個(gè)成功的企業(yè)家必須能夠明智地利用他的時(shí)間，根據(jù)項(xiàng)目的相關(guān)性和重要性定期分析和優(yōu)先考慮項(xiàng)目。此處泛指一名成功的企業(yè)家，且successful以輔音音素開頭，使用不定冠詞a修飾，句首單詞首字母大寫。故填A(yù)n?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】語法填空考查學(xué)生英語綜合知識(shí)的運(yùn)用，做題時(shí)要首先明確短文大意，從詞語搭配，固定句型，語法，時(shí)態(tài)等方面綜合考慮，結(jié)合上下文語境找出正確答案。SectionBDirections：Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.15．A.pursuitsB.interestsC.comparableD.innovationE.scheduleF.optionsG.realizationH.routesI.subjectsJ.recipesK.motivatedCreativityIsaHumanQualityThatExistsinUsWhenyouthinkaboutcreativity，itmightbehighlycreativepeoplelikeMozart，DaVinciorEinsteinwhospringtomind.Theywereallconsideredtobe"geniuses"fortheirsomewhatuniquetalentsthatledtoglobal（1）Dintheirfields.Theirtypeofcreativityiswhat'sknownas"BigCcreativity"（orhistorical）andisnotverycommonineverydaylife.Notallofuscancreateworksofartormusicorscientifictheoriesthatarenewtotheworld.Butwhilewecan'tallbeMozart，DaVinciorEinstein，manypeopledoenjoycreativeactivity—throughhobbiessuchaswatercolourpaintingorplayingthepiano.Andthesetypesof（2）Aareoftenwhatpeoplethinkofwhenaskedwhatbeingcreativelookslike.Ourfinishedpiecesmaynotbe（3）Cwiththelikesofthegreatmasters，butoftentheprocessistherapeuticandtheendresultcanbeaestheticallypleasing.Ontopofhobbiesand（4）B，weallpossesscreativeattributesthatcanhelpaswesolvelife'sproblemsandmakedecisions.Itisthistypeofcreativitythatenablesustoplandifferent（5）Htogettothesamedestination，orhowtofitinatriptothesupermarketwhenour（6）Elooksfull.Itmightnotsoundverycreative，butthisaspectofcreativityreliesonourabilitytoconsider（7）Fandassesstheirsuitability，aswellashowtomakedecisionsbasedonpersonalpriorexperienceorwhatwehavelearntformallyorinformally.Theseexamplesareknownas"SmallCcreativity"or"personaleverydaycreativity".WhileBigCcreativityisvaluedandcelebrated，itisoftenSmallCcreativitythathasallowedhumanstoflourishoverthousandsofyears.Itsetsusapartfromotheranimalsanditisalsothetypeofcreativitywhichcanbefosteredthroughoureducationsystemandbeyondintotheworkplace.Traditionally，researchtellsusthatcreativityhasbeenlargelyassociatedwiththearts.Ourpreviousresearchhasshownthatteachersareoftenabletogiveexamplesofcreativeactivityinarts（8）I，butfindithardertodosowhenaskedtodescribecreativityinsubjectssuchasscience.Butthereisagrowing（9）Gthatopportunitiestobecreativearefoundacrossabroaderrangeofsubjects.Forinstance，engineeringprovidesopportunitiestobeCreativethroughproblemsolving，andhistorygivestheopportunitytothinkcreativelyaboutwhyeventshappened，andwhat（10）Kthoseinvolved.【答案】DACBHEFIGK【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了什么是創(chuàng)造力?！窘獯稹浚?）考查名詞。句意：他們都被認(rèn)為是"天才"，因?yàn)樗麄兊莫?dú)特才能導(dǎo)致了他們所在領(lǐng)域的全球創(chuàng)新?？仗幈恍稳菰~global修飾，使用名詞；根據(jù)句意可知此處用innovation表示"創(chuàng)新"，不可數(shù)名詞，故填innovation。故選D。（2）考查可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：當(dāng)被問及創(chuàng)造力是什么樣子時(shí)，人們通常會(huì)想到這些類型的追求?？仗幾鹘樵~of的賓語使用名詞，根據(jù)句意可知此處使用pursuit表示"追求"，由typesof可知名詞使用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填pursuits。故選A。（3）考查形容詞。句意：我們完成的作品可能無法與大師的作品相提并論，但通常這個(gè)過程是有治療作用的，最終的結(jié)果是令人賞心悅目的?？仗幾鱞e的表語使用形容詞，根據(jù)thelikesofthegreatmasters可知此處是指無法相比，becomparablewith與……可比較的，故填comparable。故選C。（4）考查可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：除了愛好和興趣，我們都有創(chuàng)造性的屬性，可以幫助我們解決生活中的問題和做出決定?？仗幾鹘樵~of的賓語使用名詞，根據(jù)hobbies可知此處是指興趣，用interest，由句意可知名詞使用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填interests。故選B。（5）考查可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：正是這種創(chuàng)造力使我們能夠計(jì)劃不同的路線到達(dá)同一個(gè)目的地，或者當(dāng)我們的日程安排看起來很滿時(shí)，如何適應(yīng)去超市的旅行?？仗幈恍稳菰~different修飾，應(yīng)用名詞；由gettothesamedestination可知此處是指路線，用route，根據(jù)different可知名詞使用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填routes。故選H。（6）考查可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。句意：正是這種創(chuàng)造力使我們能夠計(jì)劃不同的路線到達(dá)同一個(gè)目的地，或者當(dāng)我們的日程安排看起來很滿時(shí)，如何適應(yīng)去超市的旅行。空處作主語使用名詞，根據(jù)looksfull可知此處表示日程表，用schedule，由looks可知名詞使用單數(shù)形式，故填schedule。故選E。（7）考查可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：這聽起來可能不是很有創(chuàng)意，但創(chuàng)造力的這一方面依賴于我們考慮選擇和評(píng)估其適用性的能力，以及如何根據(jù)個(gè)人之前的經(jīng)驗(yàn)或我們正式或非正式學(xué)到的東西做出決定?？仗幾鱟onsider的賓語，使用名詞，根據(jù)句意可知使用option表示"選擇"，由句意可知名詞使用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填options。故選F。（8）考查可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：我們之前的研究表明，教師通常能夠在藝術(shù)科目中給出創(chuàng)造性活動(dòng)的例子，但當(dāng)被要求描述科學(xué)等科目的創(chuàng)造力時(shí)，就很難做到了。空處作介詞in的賓語使用名詞，根據(jù)arts可知此處使用subject表示"科目"，且句意可知名詞使用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填subjects。故選I。（9）考查可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)。句意：但越來越多的人意識(shí)到，在更廣泛的學(xué)科中都有發(fā)揮創(chuàng)造力的機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)thereis可知空處使用名詞作表語，由句意可知此處表示"意識(shí)"，用realization，根據(jù)a可知名詞使用單數(shù)形式，故填realization。故選G。（10）考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：例如，工程學(xué)提供了通過解決問題來發(fā)揮創(chuàng)造力的機(jī)會(huì)，而歷史則提供了機(jī)會(huì)來創(chuàng)造性地思考事件發(fā)生的原因，以及是什么激發(fā)了參與者?？仗幦鄙僦^語，由句意可知此處使用motivate表示"激發(fā)"；由happened可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，動(dòng)詞使用過去式，故填motivated。故選K。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】如何做選詞填空1.根據(jù)語法，判斷詞性一般的空缺都可以通過其所在的句式結(jié)構(gòu)和句法成分來判斷其詞性，從而正確的選詞，進(jìn)一步縮小詞的選擇范圍。2.利用語境，確定詞形當(dāng)確定了一個(gè)單詞的詞性后，可通過上下文來幫助判斷其形式，如動(dòng)詞的人稱數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)，固定短語；名詞的數(shù)和所有格，形容詞，副詞的比較級(jí)等。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.16．Afillerwordisanapparentlymeaninglessword，phrase，orsoundthatmarksapauseorhesitationinspeech.Alsoknownasapausefillerorhesitationform.SomeofthecommonfillerwordsinEnglishareum，uh，er，ah，like，okay，right，andyouknow.Althoughfillerwords"mayhavefairlyminimallexical（詞匯的）content，"noteslinguistBarbaraA.Fox，"theycanplayastrategicsyntactic（句法的）roleina（n）（1）Dconversation".Whatappearstobeafillerwordmayalsobeaholophrase（整句字）（2）Athecontext."Hey，hey，shh，shh，shh.Comeon.Besensitivetothefactthatotherpeoplearenotcomfortabletalkingaboutemotional（3）C.Um，youknow，Iam，I'mfinewiththat，but...otherpeople"."ModernlinguistsledbyLeonardBloomfieldin1933callthese'hesitationforms'—thesoundsofstammering（uh），stuttering（um，um），throat﹣clearing（ahem!），stalling（well，um，thatis），interjectedwhenthespeakerissearchingwordsor（4）Bforthenextthought."Youknowthaty'knowisamongthemostcommonofthese（5）Cforms.Itsmeaningisnottheimperious'youunderstand'oreventheoldinterrogatory'doyougetit'？Itisgivenas，andtakentobe，merelyafillerphrase，（6）Atofillabeatintheflowofsound，notunlikelike，initsnewsenseof，like，afillerword…Thesestaplesofmodernfillercommunication—Imean，y'know，like—canalsobeusedas'tee﹣upwords'.Inoldentimes，pointerphrasesortee﹣upwordsweregetthis，wouldyoubelieve？andareyouready？The（7）Doftheserib﹣nudgingphraseswas—areyouready—tomakethepoint，tofocusthelistener'sattentiononwhatwastofollow...Ifthe（8）Bistoteeupapoint，weshouldaccepty'knowanditsfriendsasamildly（9）Aspokenpunctuation，thearticulatedcolon（冒號(hào)）thatsignals'focusonthis'…Ifthepurposeistograbamomenttothink，weshouldallowourselvestowonder：Whyarefillerphrasesneededatall？What（10）Dthespeakertofillthemomentofsilencewithanysoundatall？Whydosomepeoplefilltheairwithnon﹣wordsandsounds？Forsome，itisasignofnervousness；theyfearsilenceandexperiencespeaker（11）B.RecentresearchatColumbiaUniversitysuggestsanotherreason.Columbiapsychologistsguessedthatspeakersfillpauseswhen（12）Cforthenextword.Toinvestigatethis（13）A，theycountedtheuseoffillerwordsusedbylecturersinbiology，chemistry，andmathematics，wherethesubjectmatterusesscientificdefinitionsthatlimitthevarietyofwordchoices（14）Dtothespeaker.TheythencomparedthenumberoffillerwordsusedbyteachersinEnglish，arthistory，andphilosophy，wherethesubjectmatterisless（15）Bandmoreopentowordchoices.（1）A.undertakingB.discoveringC.dislikingD.unfolding（2）A.dependingonB.holdingupC.takingoverD.arrangingfor（3）A.appliancesB.substancesC.disturbancesD.finances（4）A.onthecontraryB.atalossC.atdawnD.onnoaccount（5）A.perseveranceB.complexityC.hesitationD.obligation（6）A.intendedB.attendedC.pretendedD.extended（7）A.interestB.experienceC.advantageD.function（8）A.architectureB.purposeC.completionD.random（9）A.annoyingB.strikingC.entertainingD.embarrassing（10）A.oppressesB.recyclesC.highlightsD.motivates（11）A.dangerB.anxietyC.figureD.sculpture（12）A.botheringB.inspectingC.searchingD.accomplishing（13）A.ideaB.chanceC.basisD.feedback（14）A.feasibleB.credibleC.considerableD.available（15）A.well﹣matchedB.well﹣definedC.well﹣bredD.well﹣perceived【答案】DACBCADBADBCADB【分析】這段短文主要講述了填充詞的定義和使用。填充詞是在說話中標(biāo)志著停頓或猶豫的似乎沒有意義的詞、短語或聲音。一些常見的英語填充詞有um、uh、er、ah、like、okay、right和youknow。填充詞在對(duì)話中可能起到戰(zhàn)略句法作用。填充詞也可以用作"準(zhǔn)備詞"，用于引起聽者的注意力。填充詞的使用可能是因?yàn)榫o張或者為了尋找下一個(gè)詞?！窘獯稹浚?）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.undertaking承擔(dān)，從事；B.discovering發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.disliking不喜歡；D.unfolding展開。句意：它們可以在展開的對(duì)話中扮演戰(zhàn)略句法的角色。根據(jù)空后的conversation可知此處是指開展對(duì)話。故選D。（2）考查動(dòng)詞短語及語境理解。A.dependingon取決于；B.holdingup支撐；C.takingover接管；D.arrangingfor安排。句意：根據(jù)上下文的不同，看起來像是填充詞的詞也可能是一整個(gè)句子。根據(jù)空后thecontext可知此處是指取決于上下文。故選A。（3）考查名詞及語境理解。A.appliances家用電器，裝置；B.substances物質(zhì)；C.disturbances干擾；D.finances資產(chǎn)。句意：對(duì)其他人不愿意談?wù)撉榫w困擾的事實(shí)要敏感。根據(jù)空前peoplearenotcomfortabletalkingaboutemotional可知此處是指清晰困擾的事實(shí)。故選C。（4）考查介詞短語及語境理解。A.onthecontrary恰恰相反；B.ataloss不知所措；C.atdawn黎明時(shí)分；D.onnoaccount無論如何不要。句意：當(dāng)說話者正在尋找單詞或不知道下一個(gè)想法時(shí)。根據(jù)空后forthenextthought可知此處是指不知道要說什么。故選B。（5）考查名詞及語境理解。A.perseverance毅力；B.complexity復(fù)雜性；C.hesitation猶豫；D.obligation義務(wù)，責(zé)任。句意：你知道y'know是最常見的猶豫形式之一。根據(jù)上文callthese'hesitationforms'可知此處指的是猶豫形式。故選C。（6）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.intended計(jì)劃，打算；B.attended參加；C.pretended假裝；D.extended擴(kuò)大。句意：它被認(rèn)為是，也被認(rèn)為是，僅僅是一個(gè)填充詞，用來填補(bǔ)音流中的節(jié)拍，就像它的新意義上的like一樣，是一個(gè)填充詞……根據(jù)空后fillabeatintheflowofsound可知此處指的是用來填補(bǔ)。故選A。（7）考查名詞及語境理解。A.interest興趣；B.experience經(jīng)歷；C.advantage優(yōu)點(diǎn)；D.function作用。句意：這些挑逗性的短語的作用是——你準(zhǔn)備好了嗎？——把聽眾的注意力集中在接下來的內(nèi)容上。根據(jù)空后tomakethepoint，tofocusthelistener'sattentiononwhatwastofollow.可知此處是指這些短語的作用。故選D。（8）考查名詞及語境理解。A.architecture建筑設(shè)計(jì)；B.purpose目的；C.completion完成；D.random隨意。句意：如果目的是為了提出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，我們應(yīng)該接受"知道"和它的朋友們作為一種稍微令人討厭的口語標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，即表示"專注于此"的連音冒號(hào)。根據(jù)下文Ifthepurposeistograbamomenttothink可知此處是指目的。故選B。（9）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.annoying使惱怒；B.striking打，撞；C.entertaining使快樂；D.embarrassing使尷尬。句意：如果目的是為了提出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，我們應(yīng)該接受"知道"和它的朋友們作為一種稍微令人討厭的口語標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，即表示"專注于此"的連音冒號(hào)。根據(jù)空后spokenpunctuation可知此處是指令人討厭的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。故選A。（10）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.oppresses壓迫；B.recycles回收；C.highlights強(qiáng)調(diào)；D.motivates促使。句意：是什么促使說話者用聲音來填補(bǔ)沉默的時(shí)刻？根據(jù)空后tofillthemomentofsilencewithanysoundatall可知此處是指促使說話者這樣做。故選D。（11）考查名詞及語境理解。A.danger危險(xiǎn)；B.anxiety焦慮；C.figure數(shù)字；D.sculpture雕像。句意：他們害怕沉默，會(huì)感到說話焦慮。根據(jù)空前itisasignofnervousness可知此處是指說話焦慮。故選B。（12）考查動(dòng)詞及語境理解。A.bothering煩擾；B.inspecting檢查；C.searching搜索；D.accomplishing完成。句意：哥倫比亞大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家猜測，說話者在尋找下一個(gè)單詞時(shí)，會(huì)填補(bǔ)停頓。根據(jù)空后thenextword可知此處是指尋找下一個(gè)單詞。故選C。（13）考查名詞及語境理解。A.idea觀點(diǎn)；B.chance機(jī)會(huì)；C.basis基礎(chǔ)；D.feedback反饋。句意：為了研究這一觀點(diǎn)，他們統(tǒng)計(jì)了生物、化學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)講師使用填充詞的情況，這些學(xué)科使用科學(xué)的定義，限制了說話者選擇詞匯的多樣性。根據(jù)空前Toinvestigatethis可知此處是指研究這個(gè)觀