2021-2022學(xué)年貴州省銅仁市高中教育集團高一（下）第一次月考英語試卷（附答案詳解）

202L2022學(xué)年貴州省銅仁市高中教育集團高一（下）第

一次月考英語試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

A

Dune

OnlybigscreenscanactuallymatchFrankHerbert'sscience-fictionworks.DirectedbyDenis

Villeneuve,Duneisasadfilmaboutsuper-poweredyoungheroesonadesertplanet.ltrunsfor

155minutes,butstillonlycoversthefirsthalfofthebook.Alargeamountofmoneyisspenton

thefilmlandthecast（演員陣容）ispackedwithbignames.

Antlers

ThefrighteningstoryofthisfilmisfromnativeAmericantalesaboutWendigo.The

director,Scot（Cooper,askedProfessorGraceLDillonjhemostfamousexpertonthesubject."I

wastoldthatitmaynotbeanunrealstoryfbrnativeAmericans,"Coopersaid."Theytruly

believeinit.anditmeansgreed（貪婪）andcrueltywhenwerobbedalltheresourcesfromthe

locals."

TheFrenchDispatch

TheIOthfilmbyWesAnderson,awriterdirector,bringsgreatjoytohisfans.Inthisfilm,he

takeshiscarefulstyletonewextreme.Behindallthesecarefullypreparedskillisacollectionof

threefunnyshortstories,whicharesetinaFrenchtownprobablyfromthemagazineNew

Yorkerin（hemid-20thcentury.

Ron'sGoneWrong

Thecartoonisafamilycomedy（喜居lj）.Itshero,Barney,isgivenwhatseemstobeaperfect

toy-ashinyrobotwhichisprogrammedtobehisfriend.Buttheproblemisthatthis

robot.hardlyworksatall.Thcfilm'sco-writerandco-director,SarahSmith,said/'Itis

completelyoutofcontrolanddoesn'tfollowBarney'sdirections.Sotheyhavetobuildtheir

relationshipfromthatpoint."

1.WhoistheauthorofDune?

A.FrankHerbert.B.DenisVillereuve.

C.WesAnderson.D.SarahSmith.

2.Whichfilmprobablymakesviewersfeelafraid?

A.Dune.B.Antlers.

C.Ron'sGoneWrong.D.TheFrenchDispatch.

3.WhatdoTheFrenchDispatchandRon'sGoneWronghaveincommon?

A.Theyhavethemostfamousstars.

B.Theirstoriesarebasedonlocals.

C.Theybringmuchpleasuretoviewers.

D.TheyaresetinaFrenchtown.

B

WhenJaneGoodallwas6,duringWorldWarH,shewasoftenwokenbyalarms（警報）.The

soundwarnedthatenemyplaneswereflyingoverhertown.Herlittlesisterwouldruntothe

bombshelter.ButGoodallrefusedtomove."Ididnotwanttoleavemybed."shesaid."They

hadtotakemedownwithallmybedclothesfrommybed."

Thatsamestubbornness（?）ledhertobecometheworld'sbest-knownbiologist.In1960,

shestayedformonthsintheforestsofTanzaniainAfrica.wailingforchimpanzees（黑猩猩）

toaccepther.Whentheydid,Goodallwasabletoobservethemupcloseanddiscoverthatthey

couldusetools.In1962,universityprofessorscriticized（指責(zé)）Goodallforusinghuman

namesandemotionstodescribechimps."Iwasnotagainstthem,"shesays."Ijustquietlywent

ondoingwhatIknewwasright."Shebelievesthatchimpsaresmartsocialanimals,whichis

nowwidelyaccepted.

In1986,Goodallwenttoameetingonhabitatloss（hatchangedherideasaboutnaturc.Shcnot

onlyjustdidresearch,butalsobeganascheduleoftravelandcharitywork.After35years,she's

stillonthejob.Goodallsharesherlifestorytogetpeopleawareofenvironmentalprotection.

Before（heCOVID-19,Goodalltraveled300daysayear.Shespokea（schoolgatheringsand

talkshows.SinccMarch2020,Goodallhashertravels.However,shchastakenhotelsand

lecturehallsasherbedroomforthepastyearandahalf.Herdeterminationtospreadher

messagekeepsherthereforhourseachday.Goodalldoes.onaverage.threevirtuallecturesor

interviewsbetweenbreakfastandbedtime.Herstoriesleaveaudiencesfeelinghopefulabout

ourplanet.

4.WhatdoestheauthorwarniotellusinparagraphI?

A.Goodallhasbeendeterminedsinceherchildhood.

B.Goodall'sfamilywerenotpleasedwithher.

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C.Goodalllivedapoorifewhenshewaslittle.

D.Goodallsbeautifulchildhoodwasruined.

5.WhatdidGcxxlalldotogetalongwithchimpanzees?

A.Sheobserxedtheminthedistance.

B.Shetaughtthemtousetools.

C.Shetrainedthemtobecomesmart.

D.Shetreatedthemalmostashumans.

6.WhydidGoodallstarthertravelandcharitywork?

A.Tofurtherherresearchaboutnature.

B.Tohaveameetingonhabitatloss.

C.ToshareherlifestoriesinTanzania.

D.Tomakepeopleprotecttheenvironment.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"suspended"inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Remembered.B.Planned.C.Stopped.D.Increased.

c

OverthelasttwodaysinDecemberlastyear,nearly30tornadoescausedgreatdamageacross

sixstates—fromArkansasinihcsouthtoIllinoisinthemidwcst.Morcthan100tornado

warningswereissued-themosteverfbraday.ThctornadoinKentuckycausedatleast50

people'sdeaths,whichwasdescribedastheworstinthisstate'shistory.

Asoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld.theUnitedStatesisalsooneofthemost

geographicallyvariouscountries—fromdesertstoforests(omilesofcoastlinc.Whilcthis

comeswithmanyadvantages,itunfortunatelyleavesthecountryeasilydamagedbyallkindsof

naturaldisasters.

DifferentpartsoftheUnitedStatesfacedifferenttypesofnaturaldisasters/I,hewestcoastisat

riskofwildfires,earthquakes,andevenvolcaniceruptions.Thesouthernpartofthecountryis

frequentlyhitbytornadoes.andtheeastcoastfacesthethreatofserioushumcanesevery

year.Midwesternareasnearriversareoftenfloodedbyhugefloods.andthesearetheworst

floodsinAmericanhistory.

Thegovernmentsreviewedthsweathereventineachstate'shistorythatcausedthehighest

numberofdeathstodeterminetheworstnaturaldisasterineverystate.Thankstotheirlocation

andgeographicresearch.somestatesmadepreparationsaheadoflimetoavoidmass-casualty

（重大傷亡的）weatherevents.

Uowever,nianyotherpartsofthecountryhavebeenlessfortunate,experiencingmassivestorms

andfloods.Manysuchevents,!ikethe19（XJhurricanethathitGalvestonofTexas,killedso

manypeoplethatitwasimpossibletogetanexactnumberoffinaldeaths,especially,duringthat

time.

Americanweathercontinuestobecomemorechangeable.In2018,therewere14weather

eventsthatcausedover$1bil.ionindamage.Andinmanypartsofthecountry.theseweather

eventscouldbecomeevenmeredestructive（毀滅性的）becauseofglobalwanning.

8.WhatdoweknowfromthefiguresinparagraphI?

A.LessandlessnaturaldisastershitAmerica.

B.TornadoeswerethegreatestthreattoAmericans.

C.ThetornadoinKentuckywastheworstinAmerica.

D.Americasufferedfromseriousnaturaldisasters.

9.Whatdocsparagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.ThenaturaldisastersindifferentpartsofUS.

B.TheearthquakesinthewestcoastofUS.

C.ThehurricanesalongtheeastcoastofUS.

D.TheworstfloodsinAmericanhistory.

10.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAmerican'sweatherinthefuture?

A.Controllable.B.Unchangeable.C.Pleasant.D.Worrying.

11.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AserioustornadoinKentucky

B.AweatherreportfromtheUS

C.CommonnaturaldisastersintheUS

D.Tornadoescausinggreatdamage

D

Underwaterexplorershavediscoveredanancientshipwreck（沉船）intheruinsofalong-lost

sunkenEgyptiancityHeracleion.offthecoastofAlexandriainEgypt.Researchershaveproved

theshiptobeover2,000yearsoldamongtheruins.

AlthoughHeracleionwasonesanimportanteconomiccentenitwasdestroyedbytheforcesof

nature.sinking（下沉）rapidlyinthewater.Theremainsofthecity'shouses,teniples,and

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marketshavelaintenmetersdeepintheAbuQirBay,eastofpresent-dayAlexandria.Asa

result,underwaterexplorersregularlymakeexcitingdiscoveriesthere.Amongthen】,statuesand

stonetabletswithwordsmadeitpossibletofigureoutthecity'sname：Heracleion.

Researchersexplainedthattheshipwas25meterslong.Thediscoveryoftheshipwreckwas

fascinatingbecauseshipsfromthatperiodinhistorywereveryseldom.Theundenvater

researchshowedthattheshipwasstruckbyseveralbigstonesfromthenearbytemplejnaking

theshipatthebottomofthesea.Dr.MustafaWaziri,Secretary-GeneraloftheHigher

ArchaeologyCouncil,saidtheshipwasinthecanal（運河）whichflowedalongthesideofthe

TempleofAmun.Anearthquakestruckthecity.makingthetempledestroyedandtheshipsink.

Whiletheshipwreckdiscoverywasexciting,underwaterexplorersdiscoveredtheremainsofa

Greekcemetery（慕地）datingbacktothe4thcenturyBCduringtheunderwater

exploration.ResearchersexplainedthatthediscoveiyshowstheGreektraderslivedinthe

city.TheybuilttheirowntemplesnearthetempleofAmun,andtheremainsofbothhavebeen

foundtogetherandingoodconditioninthesunkencitysome7milesoffthecoastofEgypt.

ItisworthnotingthatthecityofHeracleionhadbeenthelargestport-cityinEgyptacrossthe

NileDelta,beforethecityofAlexandriawasfoundedin331BC.Severalearthquakesdestroyed

it.

12.WhydidthecityHeracleiondisappear?

A.ItwasdestroyedbytheGreektraders.

B.Itwasdestroyedandsankintothesea.

C.Itwasunimportantandwasdeserted.

D.Itwashitandcoveredbyabigflood.

13.Whatcausedtheshiptosinkintothesea?

A.Itsownlength.B.Thebuildingofatemple.

C.AterribleearthquakeD.Carryingtoomanystones.

14.WhatcanbeinferredfromthediscoveiyofaGreekcemetery?

A.TheGreekcemeterywasdestroyed.

B.GreektradersbuiltthetempleofAmun.

C.GreekhasalongerhistorythanEgypt.

D.Heracleionwasprobablyatradecenter.

15.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanwefindthetext?

A.History.B.Environment.C.Sport.D.Education.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)

HowtoMemorizeaLongTextintheShortestTime

Ifyou'veevertriedtomemorizealongtext,youarelikelytojustrepeatthesentencesoverand

overagain.(1)lnstead,usingineniorizationtechniquesthatsuitycurlearningstylecanmakea

difference.

Dividethetextintoseparateparts.(2)Useittodividethetextintosmallerparts.Yourpartswon

tnecessarilyagreewithwholeparagraphs.Instead,eachofthemshoulddiscussasingle

idea.Nowthatyou'vefoundyourparts,startonebyoneuntilyoucanmemorizeitwithout

lookingatthetext.

(3)Addthemelody(旋律)ofasongtothetexttomakeiteasierforyoutoremember.Choose

afamiliarmelodyoryourfavoritesongthatyoucanfitthetextinto.ltdoesn'tmatterwhether

thewordsoftextsoundstrange,aslongasyoucanmakeitworkasasong.

Recordyourreadingthetextifyou'reanauditory(聽覺型的〉learner.Anauditorylearnercan

moreeasilystorethingstomemorybylisteningtothemoverandoveragain.Ifthat'syou,then

themosteffectivewayforyoutomemorizeatextisbyhearingit.Recordyourreadingthetext

youwanttomemorize,soyoucanlistentoit.⑷

Memorizethefirstletterofeachwordofthetexttocreateashortcut(捷徑).Theabilityto

memorizesomethingsometimesmeanstheabilitytorecalltheinformationinyourmemory.To

exerciseyourabilitytorecall,makeanewpagewithonlythefirstletterofeachsentencein(he

text.(5)

A.Thentrytorecall(hetextusingonlythosefirstletters.

B.Turnthewordsintoasongtohelpyourememberthem.

C.Theactofspeakingandlisteningmayimproveyourmemory.

D.Howeverjhisisn'tnecessarlythequickestwayinshorttime.

E.Lookforwordsthatyouwcn'thavetoworkhardtomemorize.

F.Onceyougothroughthetext,youmayknowitsgeneralstructure.

G.It'stimetoput(hemtogethersoyoucanmemorizethewholetext.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

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17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)

WhenIwasten,Ilivedinaneighborhoodwithapubliclibrarynearbywhichopenedinthe

evening.IenjoyedreadingandafterschoolIwould(21)thereaheadofitsopeningtime.Without

waitingforthingstheretobe(22),Iwouldjusttunionthelightsinkids'sectionandstartmy

reading.

The(23)didn'tlookapproachable.Iusedtohearhimbeing(24)onpeoplewhohadlatereturns

ordamagedthebooks,soIwasafraidofhim.Everyday,fif(eenminutesbeforethe(25)closing

time,hewouldstartannouncementsandaskpeopleto(26).1didn'thavealibrarycardand

couldn'ttakemyhalf-readbockswithme,simplyputtingthebookback(27).Thelibrarianmust

havesilently(28)mylongface,becausehestarted(29)theclosureonlyinothersections.This

(30)meminutestoread.

Forfiveyears,!hadreadmostofthebooksinthelibrary.Thelibrarian,stillseriousand(31)on

words,butwouldsmileandpointatnewbookstome.IfImissedgoingtothelibrary.hewould

be(32)andaskwhyIhadmissedmyroutine(常規(guī)).Thenonedaythelibrarianaskedme

to(33)formyownborrower'saccountandpennedmynameonmyfirst-everlibrarycard.

Aftermygraduation,!movedawayand(34)thatlibrary.WhenIwenttothelibrary

again.unfortunately,!wasinformedthatthelibrarianhadretiredandthelibraryhassmartcards

insteadof(hosewith(helibrarian's(35)!

21.A.rushB.flyC.driveD.think

22.A.smartB.terribleC.readyD.possible

23.A.managerB.librarianC.waiterD.audience

24.A.basedB.impressedC.dependantD.hard

25.A.formerB.actualC.longD.quiet

26.A.sitB.imagineC.leaveD.speak

27.A.unwillinglyB.happilyC.strangelyD.nervously

28.A.ignoreB.touchedC.observedD.painted

29.A.imaginingB.noticingC.missingD.announcing

30.A.sparedB.wastedC.costD.reduced

31.A.fastB.honestC.kindD.limited

32.A.annoyedB.inspiredC.worriedD.excited

33.A.standB.waitC.searchD.apply

34.A.referredtoB.watchedover

C.madeuseofD.losttouchwith

35.A.orderB.styleC.handwritingD.design

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.In2010,KevinSystromandMikeKriegerlaunched(發(fā)布)Burbn,anapp(1)allowed

userstomakefutureplans,hangoutwithfriendsandpostpictures.However,itwas

difficultforusers(2)(understand)theapp,sotheyneededt;>simplifyit.Throughmarket

researchjheyfoundpeoplelovedtopostphotosonBurbn.Sotheydecidedtofocus(3)this

onething.

KevinSystromsaid,"We(4)(actual)gotBurbnfullydoneasaniPhoneapp.butit

seemedconfusingwithsomanyfeatures.ltwasreallydifficulttodecidetostartfromthe

very(5)(begin),butwemadeit.WenearlycuteverythingintheBurbnappexceptfor

⑹(it)functionsofph;)to,comment(評論)，andlike.Then(7)newappwascieated.lt

wasInstagram."

Theresultwasreally⑻(amaze).Within2monthsoflaunchingInstagram.itturnedout

tobeahugesuccess,attractingover1millionusers.Sincethenjhisapp⑼(win)over

onebillionmonthlyactiveusers.NowInstagramisstillcontinuingtochangeandimprove

itselfto(10)(well)meetusers'differentneedsthanbefore.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

⑸

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(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、書面表達(dá)(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)

37.假定你是李華，本學(xué)期你校成立了中國象棋俱樂部。請你給交換生Edward寫一封

郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.成立俱樂部的目的；

2.下中國象棋的好處；

3.邀請他加入俱樂部。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearEdward,

Yours,

LiHua

38.Beinga12-year-oldgirlishard,andbeinga12-year-oldgirlwhohastroubleinlearning

mathmakesitevenharder.

Iwasstandinginfrontofmymomwithmyunfinishedmathhomeworkinmy

hand.feelinglikeIwasstandinginfrontofaroadblock（路障）thatwastallerthanmy

imagination.

"Ican'tdodon'tunderstandit!"AlthoughIcouldn'tseeclearlythroughmyteary

eyes.Icouldstillfeelmymom'sfacewasfilledwithconcern.

"It'sokay.Iunderstandit'shard.YouknowthatIstruggledwiththesameissuebefore,butit

can'tdecidewhoyouareorhowsmartyouare!Nowrepeata'terme!"Momsaidinakind

butdemandingvoice,"Ididit!"Shewaitedformetofollowher.WhenItriedtospeak,the

onlythingthatescapedmymouthwasasmallsob（抽噎）.Withonestronglovingarm

aroundme.mymomusedtheotherhandtodrythe（earsthatIwasnolongerableto

control.

"CanIseeyourhomework.honey?”Asinstructed,!slowlyhandedoverthepaper.Aftera

shortwhile,sheexcitedlyannounced/'Yougotthefifthquestionright!"Shrugging（聳肩）

myshoulders,!replied,"Yeah,buttherestareprobablywrong."Momsmiled,"Although

yougotsomeanswerswrong,itdoesn'tmaketheansweryougotrightanylessimportant!"

Iwantedtobelieveher.ltwasalmosteasytoletherpositivewordsaffectmeinthe

momentswhenitwasjustherandme.However,everytimeIwassittingnexttothekidsof

myageandwatchingthemcompleteworkthatIcouldn'tunderstand,theconfidencemy

momgavemeseemedtodisappearsuddenly.

注意:

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Itoldthattomymother,feelingupset..

Hearingmymother'swcrdsjbecameinspired.

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答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、B、C

【解析】（I）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Dune部分OnlybigscreenscanactuallymatchFrank

Herbert'sscience-fictionworks.只有大屏幕才能與弗蘭克?赫伯特的

科幻作品相媲美?？芍娪癉une的作者是FrankHerbert,故選A。

（2）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Anders部分Thefrighteningstoryofthisfilmisfromnative

AmericantalesaboutWendigo.這部電影的可怕故事來自印第

安人關(guān)于雪怪的故事。可知，電影Anllcrs可能會讓觀眾感到害怕。故選B。

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)TheFrenchDispatch介紹內(nèi)容The10thfilmbyWes

Anderson.awritcr-dircctor.bringsgreatjoytohisfans.這部由編劇兼

導(dǎo)演韋斯?安德森執(zhí)導(dǎo)的第一部電影給他的粉絲們帶來了巨大的歡樂：Ron'sGoneWrong

介紹內(nèi)容Thecartoonisafamilycomedy（喜劇）［lshcro.Bamcyjsgivenwha（

seemstobeaperfecttoy-ashinyrobotwhichisprogrammedtobehis

friend.這部動畫片是一部家庭喜劇。故事的主人公巴尼得到了一個

看似完美的玩具一一個發(fā)光的機器人，它被設(shè)定為巴尼的朋友?？芍?，TheFrench

Dispatch和Ron'sGoneWrong的共同之處在于他們給觀眾帶來了很多樂趣。故

選C。

本文是一篇廣告布告類應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了幾部電影的基本情況。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找

出相關(guān)語句進行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項填寫出正確答案。

4~7.【答案】A、D、D、C

【解析】（1）A.目的意圖題。根據(jù)文的第二段首句"Thalsamestubbornness（固執(zhí)）led

hertobecometheworld'sbcsi-knownbiologist."（相同的固執(zhí)讓她成為了世界上著名的牛

物學(xué)家。）可知，本句話承,啟下，總結(jié)第一段內(nèi)容，故在第一段作者想要表達(dá)Goodall

從小就是一個有決心的人，故選A。

（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段"In1960,shestayedformonthsiniheforestsof

Tanzaniain/Xfrica,waitingforchimpanzees（黑猩猩）toaccepther."（在20世紀(jì)60年代，

她在非洲塔桑尼亞森林待了幾個月，等著黑猩猩接受她。）以及“In1962,universily

professorscriticized（指責(zé)）Goodallforusinghumannamesandemotionstodescribe

chimps."（在1962年，大學(xué)教授指責(zé)Goodall用人類的名字和情感來描述黑猩猩。）可

知，為了和黑猩猩相處，Goodall兒乎像對待人類一樣對待它們，故選D。

（3）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第一段"Shenolonlyjustdidresearch,bulalsobegan

ascheduleoftravelandcharitywork.After35years,she'sstillonthejob.Goodallsharesherlife

storytogetpeopleawareofenvironmentalprotection."（她不僅從事研窕，而且開始定期旅

游，做慈善。35年后，她仍然在這么做。Goodall分享她的故事是為了讓人們意識到環(huán)

境保護。）可知，Goodall開始她的旅行，做慈善是為了讓人們保護環(huán)境，故選D。

（4）C.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章最后一段"BeforetheCOVID-19,Goodalltraveled300days

ayear.Shespokeatschoolgatheringsandtalkshows.SineeMarch2020,Goodallhas___her

travels."（在COVID-19之前，Goodall每年旅行300天。她在學(xué)校聚會和脫口秀上發(fā)表

演講。自2020年3月以來，Goodall就—她的旅行。）可知，因為疫情于2020年1

月初大面積爆發(fā)，因此不得不停止她的旅行，繼而轉(zhuǎn)向賓館，通過視頻方式宣講，故此

處suspended意為"停止"，A.Remembered記??；B.Planned計劃；C.Stopped停止；

0.Increased增加。故選C。

本文為一篇記敘文，講述了Goodall是如何與大猩猩相處，如何研究大猩猩，并且展開

旅行宣講，提升人們保護環(huán)境的意識。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因為閱讀理解題

一般沒有標(biāo)題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡可能

多地捕獲信息材料；其次細(xì)讀題材，各個擊破，掌握仝文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材

料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，帶著問題,再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息，要善

于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時，要有較強的針對性，對于捕獲到的信息，要做認(rèn)真分析，

仔細(xì)推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，才能做到德、準(zhǔn)。

8?11.【答案】D、A、D、C

【解析】（1）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"OverthelasttwodaysinDecemberlastyear,nearly

30tornadoescausedgreatdamageacrosssixstates-fromArkansasinthesouthtoIllinoisin

themidwest.Moiethan100tornadowarningswereissued-their.osteverforaday/Ihe

tornadoinKentuckycausedatleast50people'sdeaths.whichwasdescribedastheworstinthis

statedhistory.（在去年12月的最后兩天里，從南部的阿肯色州到中西部的伊利諾伊州，

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近30次龍卷風(fēng)在六個州造成了巨大的破壞，發(fā)布了100多個龍卷風(fēng)警告，這是有史以

來最多的一天。肯塔基州的龍卷風(fēng)造成至少50人死亡，這被描述為該州歷史上最嚴(yán)重

的一次。）"可知，文章第一段列舉的數(shù)字說明美國遭受了嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害，造成了極

大的破壞，故選D。

（2）A.段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段"DifferenlpartsofIheUnitedStatesfacedifferenttypesof

naturaldisasters.Thewestcoastisatriskofwildfires,earthquakes,andevenvolcanic

eruptions.Thesouthempartofthecountryisfrequentlyhitbytornadoes,andtheeastcoast

facesthethreatofserioushurricaneseveryyear.Midwesternareasnearriversareoftenflooded

byhugefloods,andthesearetheworstfloodsinAmericanhistory.（美國不同地區(qū)面臨不同

類型的自然災(zāi)害。西海岸面臨野火、地震甚至火山爆發(fā)的風(fēng)險。該國南部地區(qū)經(jīng)常受到

龍卷風(fēng)的襲擊，東海岸每年都面臨嚴(yán)重颶風(fēng)的威脅。靠近河流的中西部地區(qū)經(jīng)常被巨大

的洪水淹沒，這些都是美國歷史上最嚴(yán)重的洪水。）”可知，第三段主要講述美國不同

地區(qū)面臨不同類型的自然災(zāi)害，并主要介紹美國不同地區(qū)的自然災(zāi)害，故選A。

（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Americanweathercontinuestobecomemore

changeable.In2018,therewere14weathereventsthatcausedover$1billionin

damage.Andinmanypartsofthecountrj\theseweathereventscouldbecomeevenmore

destructive（毀滅性的）becauseofglobalwarming.（美國的天氣繼續(xù)變得更加多變。

2018年，有14個天氣事件，造成超過10億美元的損失。在該國的許多地方，由于全球

變暖，這些天氣事件可能會變得更具毀滅性。）"可知，美國的天氣多變，可能會變得

更具毀滅性。故推知美國未來的天氣是令人擔(dān)心的、不容樂觀的,AControllable可控的；

B.Unchangeable不可改變的；C.Pleasant令人愉快的；D.Worrying令人擔(dān)心的“故選D。

（4）C.標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段"Asoneofthelargestcountriesintheworld,theUnited

Statesisalsooneofthemostgeographicallyvariouscountries——fromdesertstoforeststomiles

ofcoastline.（作為世界上最大的國家之一，美國也是在地理環(huán)境上最多樣化的國家之

一，從沙漠到森林再到數(shù)英里的海岸線。）”及第三段"DiffemlpartsoftheUnitedStates

facedifferenttypesofnaturaldisasters.Thewestcoastisatriskotwildfires.earthquakes.and

evenvolcaniceruptions.TheSDUthernpartofthecountryisfrequentlyhitbytornadoes,andthe

eastcoastfaces（hethreatofserioushurricaneseveryyear.Midwesternareasnearriversare

oftenfloodedbyhugeilo（xls,andthesearetheworstfltxxlsinAmericanhistory.（美國不同

地區(qū)面臨不同類型的自然災(zāi)害。西海岸面臨野火、地震甚至火山爆發(fā)的風(fēng)險。該國南部

地區(qū)經(jīng)常受到龍卷風(fēng)的襲擊，東海岸每年都面臨嚴(yán)重颶風(fēng)的威脅?？拷恿鞯闹形鞑康?/p>

區(qū)經(jīng)常被巨大的洪水淹沒，這些都是美國歷史上最嚴(yán)重的洪水。）”可知，本文主要介

紹美國地理環(huán)境多樣化，常年遭遇很多自然災(zāi)害，并且不同地區(qū)常年面臨不同的自然災(zāi)

害。故文章的標(biāo)題是美國常見的自然災(zāi)害。A.AserioustornadoinKentucky行塔基州發(fā)

生嚴(yán)重龍卷風(fēng)；B.AweatherreportfromtheUS來自美國的天'l報告；

C.CommonnaturaldisastersintheUS美國常見的自然災(zāi)害：

D.Tornadoescausinggreatdamage造成巨大破壞的龍卷風(fēng)。故選C。

這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了美國地理環(huán)境多樣化，天氣多變，常年遭受自然災(zāi)害，

不同地區(qū)遭受不同的自然災(zāi)害。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推現(xiàn)能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯

關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷：或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章

未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息“準(zhǔn)確把握作

者觀點。

12?15.【答案】B、C、D、A

【解析】（1）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句"AlthoughHeracleionwasonceanimportant

economiccenter,itwasdestroyedby（heforcesofnature,sinking

（下沉）rapidlyinthewater.（盡管Heracleion曾經(jīng)是一個重要的經(jīng)濟中心，但它

被大自然的力量摧毀，迅速沉入水中）"，第三段最后一句"Anearthquakestruckthe

city,makingthetempledestroyedandtheshipsink.（一場地震襲

擊了這座城市，寺廟被毀，船沉了。）”可知，Heracleion這座城市因地震而沉入水中。

故選

（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句"Theunderwaterresearchshowedthattheshipwas

struckbyseveralbigstonesfromthenearbytemple.makingtheshipatthebottomofthesea.

（水下研究表明，這艘船是被附近寺廟的幾塊大石頭擊中的，使得這艘船沉入了海底。）

”以及第二段最后一句"Anearthquakestruckthecity,makingthetempledestroyedandthe

shipsink.（一場地震襲擊了這座城市，寺廟被毀，船沉了?！?/p>

"可知，地震中巨石砸到了這條船，使船沉入海底。故選C。

（3）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句"AlthoughHeracleionwasonceanimportant

economiccenter,（盡管Heracleion曾經(jīng)是一個重要的經(jīng)濟中心。）"第四

段第二句"ResearchersexplainedthatthediscoveryshowstheGreektraderslivedinthe

city.TheybuilttheirowntemplesnearthetempleofAmun

（研究人員解釋說，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)表明希臘商人曾居住在這座城市，他們在阿蒙神廟附近建

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造了自己的廟宇。）“可知，有希臘商人住在Heracleion這座埃及的重要經(jīng)濟中心的城

市，還修了了自己的廟宇，可見這些希臘商人長久定居在此，可推斷Heracleion的貿(mào)易

發(fā)達(dá)，可能是個商業(yè)城市。故選D。

（4）A.文章出處題。根據(jù)第一一段"Underwaterexplorershavediscoveredanancient

shipwreck（沉船）intheruinsofalong-lostsunkenEgyptiancity

Heracleion,offt