2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語Unit5Firstaid單元加餐練新人教版必修5

PAGE1-單元加餐練Ⅰ.閱讀理解Sunstrokeisaconditionthatcanquicklygofromdangeroustodeadly,especiallyifpropercareisn'tgivenimmediately.Sunstroke,sometimescalledheatstroke,isaresultofthebodytemperaturerisingabovethesafelimit.Thiscausesthebody'snecessaryfunctionstostopworking.It'susuallyprettyeasytoavoidsunstroke,aslongasproperactionistaken.Inthatcase,youneedtoactasquicklyaspossibletoreturnthatperson'sbodytoasafetemperature.Hereareafewtipstohelptreatsunstroke.CallforhelpCalltogetanambulanceasquicklyaspossible.Thisshouldbethefirstthingyoudo,especiallyifthesunstrokepersonhasfainted(昏倒).Also,callforhelpfromanyonenearbyifyou'reinapublicplace.Ifthere'snoonearound,callsomeonenearbyiftheycangettheresoonerthananambulance.Askeveryonetobringyouasmuchwateraspossible,ifthereisn'tmuchnearby.GetthepersontoacoolerareaIfthere'sabuildingnearby,aimforthat.Anywherewithplentyofairconditionersandwaterisperfect.Ifabuildingisn'tavailable,bringthepersontoawell-shadedarea.GetthewaterflowingIfthepersonisstillconscious,gethimorhertodrinkwater.Ifthere'sabathtubavailable,fillitwithcoolwaterandputthepersoninit.Ifyourwatersupplyislimited,youhavetosaveit.Dampenatowelorshirtandputitontheperson'sbody.Focusontheface,neck,andchest.FanthepersonGettingmovingairoverthepersoncoolshimorherdown.Useanything,atowelorsheet,ashirt,yourhands,orapieceofboard.Thisiswherehavingmanypeoplearoundreallyhelps,astheycancombinetofantheentirebody.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中暑的危害以及中暑后的一些急救措施。)1．Whendoesapersongetsunstroke?A．Whenthebodydoesn'tfunction.B．Whenpropercareisgivenimmediately.C．Whensomeoneisexposedtothesuntoolong.D．Whenthebodytemperaturegoesupbeyondwhatonecanbear.解析：選D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的第一句可知，當(dāng)人體的體溫超過所能承受的平安極限時，就會中暑，即D項正確。2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthetext?A．Callforassistancefromothers.B．Leavethesunstrokepersonintheshade.C．Putawettowelontheperson'sface.D．Helpthepersontakesomemedicine.解析：選D細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Callforhelp下的“callforhelpfromanyone”可知A項提到；依據(jù)Getthepersontoacoolerarea中的第三句可知B項提到；依據(jù)Getthewaterflowing中的其次段的其次、三句可知C項提到；D項在文章中沒有提到。3．Whatismainlydiscussedinthepassage?A．Thefirstaidforsunstroke.B．Thecausesofsunstroke.C．Thechiefsymptomsofsunstroke.D．Theessentialpreventionofsunstroke.解析：選A主旨大意題。文章首先介紹了何為中暑以及中暑的危害，結(jié)合第三段的最終一句“Hereareafewtipstohelptreatsunstroke.”可知，下文講解并描述的是中暑時須要實行的急救措施，即A項正確。4．Thetextprobablycomesfroma(n)________.A．guidebook B．bookreviewC．medicalmagazine D．officialdocument解析：選C文章出處題。文章主要介紹了中暑以及中暑后如何急救的相關(guān)學(xué)問，故有可能選自一本醫(yī)學(xué)雜志，即C項正確。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五DoPeopleNeedSmallTalktoBeHappy?Psychologists(心理學(xué)家)havelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersisanimportantpartofhappiness,butjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderexamination.Inonestudy,researchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheirconversationrelatedwithhappiness.__1__Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotebonding.Latelastyear,Princetonresearchersreportedthatsmalltalkkeepsclosenesswithlovedones,andisn'tmerelythestuffofawkwardexchangeswithstrangers.Still,chattingwithstrangerscouldbrightenyourmorning.Inaseriesofexperiments,psychologistsgaveChicagopassengersdifferentdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowpassengers—somethingtheytypicallyavoided.__2__Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected.Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedtooursurroundings.Peoplewhosmiledat,madeeyecontactwith,andbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristas(咖啡師)reportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction(交易).__3__Onereportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoers,thevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedtotheexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.__4__Inonestudy,peoplewhowererated“l(fā)esscurious”byresearchershadtroublegettingaconversationrollingontheirown,andhadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswhentheyweresuppliedwithquestionsthatencouragedpersonaldisclosure(透露).Butpeoplewhowereconsidered“curious”needednohelpwhentransformingconversationsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges.__5__A．Thesameistrueofgallerygoers.B．Butdon'tplaydownsmalltalkjustyet.C．Theyfoundthatsmalltalkisrelatedwithhappiness.D．Thosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourney.E．Makingsmalltalkisanimportantskillforallthesocialsituations.F．A“curiousmindset”，theauthorconcluded,canleadto“positivesocialinteractions”．G．Ofcourse,somepeoplearebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomethingbigger.語篇解讀：閑談能夠促進人與人之間的關(guān)系，使人變得歡樂。1．選B設(shè)空前一句提到閑談只占與歡樂相關(guān)的對話的10%，設(shè)空后一句又提到科學(xué)家認為閑談可以促進人與人之間的關(guān)系，設(shè)空處應(yīng)說明要重視閑談，故B項(但不能貶低閑談)符合語境。2．選D依據(jù)設(shè)空前一句可知，心理學(xué)家在芝加哥的乘客中做了一項試驗，故此空應(yīng)描述試驗結(jié)果，故D項(那些被告知要和其他人閑聊的乘客覺得旅途更開心)符合語境。3．選A依據(jù)下文中的“gallerygoers”定位至A項(這種狀況也同樣出現(xiàn)在常去畫廊的人身上)，分析設(shè)空前和設(shè)空后的兩個例子可知，兩者均是為了證明閑談能幫助人們與四周環(huán)境產(chǎn)生聯(lián)系。故選A項。4．選G依據(jù)下文中的“l(fā)esscurious”和“curious”可知，本段存在比較關(guān)系，G項中的betterthan與之相呼應(yīng)。故選G項。5．選F依據(jù)設(shè)空前一句可知，被認為帶著“新奇心”的人在把一般對話轉(zhuǎn)變成個人溝通時并不須要外在幫助，故F項(作者得出結(jié)論：帶著新奇心往往會引起主動的社交互動)符合語境，該項中的curious及interactions與本段中的curious及closeness相照應(yīng)。Ⅲ.完形填空Notsolongago,aterriblefirebrokeoutinanapartmentinthecityofPitesti,justwestofBucharest.Innotime,__1__werewelcomedby5-meter-tallflamesandroaringsmoke.__2__，usingtheiradvancedequipment,theyquicklybroughtthebeastunder__3__.Theapartment'sownerMr.Petriandhislovelydog,Sandy,werethe__4__ofthebigfire.Localfirefightinghero,CostacheMugurel__5__hiswaythroughthecruelflamestorescuethemanandhispet.Mr.Petri,__6__injuredinthefire,wasrushedtohospital.Sandyfellover__7__breathingintoomuchsmokeandlifelesslylayontheroadside.Mugurel,rememberinghisCPR(心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù))training,passionately__8__thechestofthedog,desperatelytryingto__9__hislife.Andhebegantolosehopeaftermany__10__.Hewasphysicallyandmentally__11__.Finallyheperformedmouth-to-mouthonthedog,screaming“__12__getsleftbehind！”Unexpectedlythedog__13__himselfandbeganpanting(喘氣).TheonlookingcrowdcheeredandMugurelbegantoweepwith__14__.Hehurriedlycarriedhimtotheawaitingvet(獸醫(yī))．Like__15__，thestoryofMugurelandhisnewfoundfriendspreadaroundthecity.HisFacebookwas__16__wordsofgratitude,lovingemoticons(表情符號)andnotesfromfriendsandfansalike.Accordingtovetexperts,recoveringanimalsviaCPRisrather__17__.TheAmericanHeartAssociationcalculatesthatonlylessthan6percentofcatsanddogssurviveifthey__18__heartattacks.Therehavebeenmanystoriesrelatedto__19__inPitesti,butnonehavecaughtthe__20__ofthepopulationquitelikeSandy's.語篇解讀：皮特什蒂發(fā)生了一次大火災(zāi)，在這次火災(zāi)中房主和他的寵物狗桑迪受了傷，消防員穆古雷爾對昏迷的桑迪進行了心臟按壓、人工呼吸，最終把它從死亡的邊緣救回。這件事情感動了多數(shù)人。1．A.firefighters B．policemenC．friends D．neighbors解析：選A依據(jù)下文的“usingtheiradvancedequipment,theyquicklybroughtthebeastunder________”可知，他們利用先進的設(shè)備很快把火勢限制住了。由此可知，此處指消防員(firefighters)，故選A項。policeman意為“警察”；friend意為“摯友”；neighbor意為“鄰居”。2．A.Therefore B．BesidesC．However D．Moreover解析：選C上文提到消防員立即被5米高的大火和濃煙包圍，而設(shè)空后則說利用先進設(shè)備限制了火勢，由此可知，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。therefore意為“因此”；besides意為“此外；而且”；however意為“然而”；moreover意為“此外”。故選C項。3．A.treatment B．controlC．stress D．way解析：選B此處指消防員利用先進的設(shè)備將火勢限制住了。undercontrol是固定搭配，意為“得到限制”，符合語境。故選B項。4．A.causes B．resultsC．victims D．heroes解析：選C依據(jù)下文的“injuredinthefire”可知，房主在大火中受了重傷，故他和他的寵物狗是這場大火的受害者(victims)。故選C項。cause意為“緣由；理由”；result意為“結(jié)果”；hero意為“英雄”。5．A.battled B．lostC．pushed D．got解析：選A依據(jù)設(shè)空后的“cruelflames”可知，火勢猛烈，因此消防員是冒著極大的風(fēng)險沖進火海的。battleone'sway意為“一路奮戰(zhàn)”；loseone'sway意為“迷路”；pushone'sway意為“擠過去”；getone'sway意為“為所欲為”。故選A項。6．A.blindly B．hardlyC．slightly D．seriously解析：選D依據(jù)設(shè)空后的“wasrushedtohospital”以及他的寵物狗躺在路邊沒有了生命跡象可以推想，男主子受傷嚴(yán)峻(seriously)。故選D項。blindly意為“盲目地”；hardly意為“幾乎不”；slightly意為“稍微地”；seriously意為“嚴(yán)峻地”。7．A.after B．beforeC．inspiteof D．incaseof解析：選A“fellover”發(fā)生在“breathingintoomuchsmoke”之后，即吸入了太多的濃煙之后倒地。after意為“在……之后”，符合語境。故選A項。before意為“在……之前”；inspiteof意為“盡管”；incaseof意為“萬一”。8．A.patted B．beatC．examined D．touched解析：選B依據(jù)“rememberinghisCPR(心肺復(fù)蘇術(shù))training”可知，他要給寵物狗做心臟復(fù)蘇，因此要拍打(beat)它的胸部。故選B項。pat意為“輕拍”；examine意為“檢查”；touch意為“接觸；觸摸”。9．A.careabout B．takeawayC．save D．stop解析：選C依據(jù)下文中提到的消防員為了搶救寵物狗而對它進行人工呼吸可知，消防員迫切地要搶救寵物狗的生命。careabout意為“關(guān)切”；takeaway意為“拿走”；save意為“挽救”；stop意為“停止”。故選C項。10．A.beatings B．trainingsC．shouts D．a(chǎn)ttempts解析：選D依據(jù)上文他進行心臟復(fù)蘇可知，消防員為救寵物狗進行了多次嘗試(attempts)。故選D項。beating意為“痛打”；training意為“訓(xùn)練；培訓(xùn)”；shout意為“叫喊”。11．A.relaxed B．exhaustedC．concerned D．troubled解析：選B多次嘗試之后，他身心俱疲(exhausted)。relaxed意為“放松的”；exhausted意為“乏累的”；concerned意為“關(guān)切的”；troubled意為“憂慮的；苦惱的”。故選B項。12．A.Somebody B．EverybodyC．Nobody D．Anybody解析：選C消防員對寵物狗進行人工呼吸是因為不想放棄它的生命，因此他喊道：“一個都不能落下！”故選C項。13．A.cameup B．cameoverC．cameout D．cameto解析：選D依據(jù)設(shè)空后的“beganpanting(喘氣)”可知，寵物狗此時醒悟過來了。comeup意為“走近；被提到；被想起”；comeover意為“來訪；探望”；comeout意為“泄露；發(fā)行”；cometooneself意為“(昏迷后)醒來；復(fù)原知覺”。故選D項。14．A.joy B．pityC．stress D．fright解析：選A經(jīng)過多次嘗試，寵物狗最終醒過來了，人們歡呼雀躍，消防員應(yīng)當(dāng)是喜極而泣。故選A項。15．A.wildfire B．windC．disasters D．sounds解析：選A消防員和寵物狗的故事很快傳遍了全城，就像野火一樣。wildfire意為“野火”；wind意為“風(fēng)”；disaster意為“災(zāi)難”；sound意為“聲音”。spreadlikewildfire為固定短語，因此，A項最符合語境。16．A.informedof B．linkedwithC．remindedof D．floodedwith解析：選D依據(jù)設(shè)空后的“wordsofgratitude,lovingemoticons(表情符號)andnotesfromfriendsandfansalike”可知，這件事傳遍全城后，穆古雷爾的臉書網(wǎng)上滿是感謝的話語、可愛的表情符號和摯友及粉絲的留言。beinformedof意為“通知”；belinkedwith意為“與……有關(guān)”；beremindedof意為“被提示”；befloodedwith意為“充溢”。故選D項。17．Amon B．rareC．practical D．easy解析：選B依據(jù)獸醫(yī)說的話，這只寵物狗能活下來應(yīng)當(dāng)是比較少見的(rare)，因為據(jù)統(tǒng)計只有不到6%的寵物狗或貓在患心臟病之后能活下來。故選B項。common意為“常見的”；practical意為“實際的”；easy意為“簡單的”。18．A.cure B．a(chǎn)voidC．miss D．suffer解析：選D依據(jù)設(shè)空前的“survive”及空后的“heartattacks”可知，此處指患有心臟病。cure意為“治愈”；avoid意為“避開”；miss意為“錯過”；suffer意為“患(病)”。依據(jù)語境可知選D項。19．A.fires B．vetsC．dogs D．a(chǎn)ccidents解析：選C與最終的“l(fā)ikeSandy's”相對應(yīng)，此處指有許多關(guān)于寵物狗的故事，但是沒有一個像桑迪的故事這樣吸引公眾的留意力。故選C項。fire意為“火焰”；vet意為“獸醫(yī)”；accident意為“事故；意外”。20．A.attention B．meaningC．breath D．heart解析：選A上文提到了消防員和寵物狗的故事快速傳遍了全城，由此可知，這只寵物狗的故事勝利吸引了公眾的留意力。catchone'sattention是固定搭配，意為“吸引某人的留意力”。故選A項。Ⅳ.語法填空Davidwillneverforgetwhathappenedtohimthedaybeforeyesterday.He__1__(eat)somethingathomewhenhereceivedastrangephonecallfromahospital.Thecallersaidhisson__2__(fall)tothegroundunconsciousonthewaytoschooland__3__itwashewhotookhimtohospital.Davidhungupandrushedtohisson'sclassroom,only__4__(find)himlisteningtotheteacherattentively.Hesuddenlyrealizedthathe__5__(cheat),buthefeltrelieved.Justatthattimethephonerangagain,saying,“Yoursonisingreatdangerandheneedsanimmediateoperationwhichcosts48,000yuan.Thedoctorsheresaytheywillnotoperateonyoursonuntiltheyarepaid.”When__6__(ask)fromwherethecallerhadtakenhissontohospital,thecallerrangoff.Davidgaveabigsmileandsaid,“Whatapityitis！”ThecheatermighthavethoughthecouldgetmoneyfromDavid.If__7__，hewaswrong.Suchphonecallsarecommonthesedays,andmanyofDavid's__8__(colleague)havereceivedsimilarcallsrecently.Therefore,allparentsshouldbesensitive__9__suchtrickssoasnotto__10__(cheat)．語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。生活中存在一些騙子，他們通過打電話告知一些父母他們接電話的父母的孩子急需錢做手術(shù)等來騙取錢財。本文最終提示父母們不要上當(dāng)受騙。1.waseating依據(jù)下文的“whenhereceived...”推斷主句應(yīng)用過去進行時，構(gòu)成固定句式bedoing...when...“正在做……這時……”。2．hadfal