河南省部分示范性高中2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省部分示范性高中2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期12月聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheConradChallengeisaninnovationcompetitioncreatingthenextgenerationofentrepreneurs(企業(yè)家)whowillchangetheworld!Studentsbecomeentrepreneursandmakenewfriendsbyapplyingscience,technology,andinnovationtosolveproblemswithglobalimpact.WiththeChallenge’sstep-by-stepguidanceandthesupportofindustryexperts,weexpandstudents’creativity,criticalthinking,andcommunicationskills.Youareallowedtojoinifyou’reastudentbetweentheagesof13and18.Youmustparticipateasamemberofateamof2—5students.Youandyourteammatesmaycompetefromanycorneroftheglobe.Ifyou’vecompetedinapreviousyear,youmaycompeteagainifyoustillmeettheagecriteriaandotherrequirements.The2023—2024ConradChallengehadrecordparticipationtotallingover4,000studentsfromover50countries!GetreadyfortheConradChallengethisyear!Youandyourteamwillturnyourinnovativeideasintorealsolutionstobigchallenges.The2024—2025competitionhasfourexcitingstagestoguideyoualongtheway:ActivationStageStartbygatheringyourteamof2—5studentsandacoach,andcompleteyourregistration.It’stimetogatheryourcrewandgetreadytoinnovate!LeanCanvasStageBrainstormgroundbreakingideas,pickyourinnovationandcategoryandcreateyourLeanCanvas.Laythefoundationforyourbigidea!InnovationStageWriteanInnovationBrief,createanengagingInnovationVideo,andbuildadynamicwebsitetoshowcaseyouridea.Thisisyourchancetobringyourvisiontolife!PowerPitchStageThetopteamsfromtheInnovationStagewillbenamedFinalistsandinvitedtopresenttheircreationsliveatthe2025ConradChallengeInnovationSummit.Joinusforamulti-dayeventwithdynamicworkshops,excitingtoursandinspiringspeakers.Competeforscholarshipsandtheprestigious(有聲望的)titleofPeteConradScholar.1.What’sarequirementfortheparticipantsoftheConradChallenge?A.Theycompeteasateam. B.Theyaresciencestudents.C.TheyareEnglishspeakers. D.Theyhavepreviousexperience.2.Inwhichstagewillinnovativeideasbecreated?A.ActivationStage. B.LearnCanvasStage.C.InnovationStage. D.PowerPitchStage.3.What’sthetext?A.Anexhibitionguide. B.Anartshowreview.C.Anannouncement. D.Anofficialreport.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了ConradChallenge的相關(guān)事宜?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Youmustparticipateasamemberofateamof2—5students.(你必須作為2-5名學(xué)生組成的小組的一員參加。)”可知，參加挑戰(zhàn)賽的要求之一是必須組隊(duì)參賽。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LeanCanvasStage部分“Brainstormgroundbreakingideas,pickyourinnovationandcategoryandcreateyourLeanCanvas.Laythefoundationforyourbigidea!(頭腦風(fēng)暴開創(chuàng)性的想法，選擇你的創(chuàng)新和類別，并創(chuàng)建你的LeanCanvas。為你的大想法打下基礎(chǔ)！)”可知，在LeanCanvasStage階段學(xué)生們創(chuàng)造出新的創(chuàng)意。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“TheConradChallengeisaninnovationcompetitioncreatingthenextgenerationofentrepreneurs(企業(yè)家)whowillchangetheworld!(ConradChallenge是一項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新競賽，旨在培養(yǎng)改變世界的下一代企業(yè)家！)”可知，文章介紹了ConradChallenge的相關(guān)事宜，最有可能是一則公告。故選C。BAnamateurmagician-turnedLongIslandteacherwhohasbeenpullingeverytrickoutofthehattoinspirestudentsjustscoredthe“OscarofTeaching”.JohnMelandro,athird-andfifth-gradeteacheratTangierSmithElementarySchoolinMastic,saidhehadnoideahewasevennominated(提名)fortheMilkenEducatorAwardandits$25,000cashprizeuntiltheschoolmeetinglastweek.Melandroisthefirstrecipientoftheaward,knownasthe“OscarsofTeaching”inthisschooldistrict.Thenationalawardisgiventoasmanyas45outstandingteachersacrossthecountryandlimitedtojustoneNewYorkerperacademicyear.MelandrocomesfromafamilyofLongIslandeducators,withhismotherbeingthechairpersonofsocialstudiesatSachemEastHighSchool,andhisfather,aglobalhistoryteacher,beingawardedtheTeacheroftheYearinCentreMorichesjustfourmonthsago.“Ihadafront-rowseattowatchsomeofthebesteducatorsgrowingup,andthebarwasextremelyhigh,”Melandrosaid.“Attheendofthisday,teachingismoretothemthanjustajob.”ThelittleLongIslanderscalltheirteacherthe“MagicMan”fordevelopingtheirloveoflearningbyusingmagictricks.“He’sveryuniquethewayheteaches,”Malaki,10,toldthemedia.EmmaO’Neill,also10,creditedMelandro’suniquestyleofteachingforinspiringhertobecomeateacheroneday.He’susedmagictrickstohelpherandherclassmatesbuildastrongergraspontheirmathswork,shesaid.Melandro,wholovedmagicwhenhewasyoung,saidhesharedthispassiontohelpmotivatehisstudents.“Idotricksforthem.It’sgreatforpublicspeakingandbuildingconfidence,”hesaid.“Soit’sreallybroughtalotofthosehard-to-reachkidsintotheeducationalprocess.Ifyoucandrawtheminwiththat,thenyoucangetthemintotherealmagic—themagicoflearning.”4.WhatdoweknowabouttheMilkenEducatorAward?A.Itisusedtoawardthebestactors.B.ItisspeciallyintendedforNYstate.C.Itdonatesmoneytoschoolsinneed.D.Ithonourseducatorsfortheireffort.5.WhatmayinspireJohnMelandrotobeabetterteacher?A.Themodernteachingtechniques. B.Theloveofmagictricks.C.Theinfluenceofparentsonhim. D.Thestablesalaryhewillget.6.WhatdoMelandro’sstudentsthinkofhim?A.Humble. B.Generous. C.Outgoing. D.Creative.7.WhichofthefollowingmightMelandroagreewithaboutmagictricks?A.Theydon’tfitintoregularclassstructures.B.Theyoffermorethanonebenefittostudents.C.Theyworkwondersforkidswithspecialneeds.D.Theymotivatestudentstobecomefuturemagicians.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了從一位業(yè)余魔術(shù)師轉(zhuǎn)行做教師的JohnMelandro憑借其獨(dú)特的教學(xué)方法贏得了“教學(xué)界的奧斯卡”——米爾肯教育者獎?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Melandroisthefirstrecipientoftheaward,knownasthe“OscarsofTeaching”inthisschooldistrict.Thenationalawardisgiventoasmanyas45outstandingteachersacrossthecountryandlimitedtojustoneNewYorkerperacademicyear.(Melandro是這個學(xué)區(qū)首位獲得該獎項(xiàng)的人，該獎項(xiàng)在這個學(xué)區(qū)被稱為‘教學(xué)界的奧斯卡’。這項(xiàng)全國性獎項(xiàng)每年授予全國多達(dá)45名杰出教師，每個學(xué)年僅限一名紐約人獲得)”可知，米爾肯教育者獎是為了表彰教育工作者的努力。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“MelandrocomesfromafamilyofLongIslandeducators,withhismotherbeingthechairpersonofsocialstudiesatSachemEastHighSchool,andhisfather,aglobalhistoryteacher,beingawardedtheTeacheroftheYearinCentreMorichesjustfourmonthsago.(Melandro來自一個長島教育工作者家庭，他的母親是SachemEastHighSchool的社會學(xué)系主任，他的父親是一名全球歷史老師，四個月前在CentreMoriches被評為年度最佳教師)”和“Ihadafront-rowseattowatchsomeofthebesteducatorsgrowingup,andthebarwasextremelyhigh,”Melandrosaid.“Attheendofthisday,teachingismoretothemthanjustajob.”(Melandro說：‘我從小就坐在前排，看著一些最優(yōu)秀的教育工作者成長，他們的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)非常高。說到底，對他們來說，教學(xué)不僅僅是一份工作?！?”可推知，父母的影響可能激勵了JohnMelandro成為一名更好的老師。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“ThelittleLongIslanderscalltheirteacherthe“MagicMan”fordevelopingtheirloveoflearningbyusingmagictricks.(這些小長島人把他們的老師稱為‘魔術(shù)師’，因?yàn)樗媚g(shù)技巧培養(yǎng)了他們對學(xué)習(xí)的熱愛)”和“EmmaO’Neill,also10,creditedMelandro’suniquestyleofteachingforinspiringhertobecomeateacheroneday.He’susedmagictrickstohelpherandherclassmatesbuildastrongergraspontheirmathswork,shesaid.(同樣10歲的EmmaO’Neill說，是Melandro獨(dú)特的教學(xué)方式激勵了她，讓她立志將來成為一名教師。她說，他用魔術(shù)技巧幫助她和她的同學(xué)們更好地掌握數(shù)學(xué))”可知，Melandro的學(xué)生們認(rèn)為他的教學(xué)方法獨(dú)特，很有創(chuàng)造性。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Melandro,wholovedmagicwhenhewasyoung,saidhesharedthispassiontohelpmotivatehisstudents.“Idotricksforthem.It’sgreatforpublicspeakingandbuildingconfidence,”hesaid.“Soit’sreallybroughtalotofthosehard-to-reachkidsintotheeducationalprocess.Ifyoucandrawtheminwiththat,thenyoucangetthemintotherealmagic—themagicoflearning.”(Melandro年輕時就很喜歡魔術(shù)，他說，他分享這份熱情是為了幫助激勵他的學(xué)生?！覟樗麄儽硌菽g(shù)。這對公開演講和建立自信非常有幫助，”他說?！八赃@真的把很多難以接觸到的孩子帶入了教育過程。如果你能用這個吸引他們，那么你就可以把他們帶入真正的魔法——學(xué)習(xí)的魔法?！?”可知，Melandro認(rèn)為魔術(shù)技巧給學(xué)生們帶來很多好處，所以他會贊同“Theyoffermorethanonebenefittostudents.(它們?yōu)閷W(xué)生提供了不止一種好處)”這一說法。故選B項(xiàng)。CThousandsofpeopleshoweduptoWashingtonSquareParkinNewYorkCityonSundaytotakepartinandobservewhatwaspromotedasa“TimothéeChalametLookalikeContest”.Theresultingchaos,includingapolicepresenceandtheappearanceoftherealTimothéehimself,wasdocumentedextensivelyonsocialmedia,andmanyfoughtoverwhoshouldhavereallywon.WhyisitthatsomanyguysouttherelookstrikinglylikeTimothée?ManelEsteller,ageneticistbasedattheCarrerasLeukaemiaResearchInstituteinSpain,testedthegeneticsimilaritiesbetweenthelookalikesshowninFrench-CanadianphotographerFran?oisBrunelle’spicturesoflookalikes.BrunelleputEstellerintouchwiththepairsof“twinstrangers”fromhisphotographs,whosenttheresearchersgeneticsamplesintheformofmouthswabs(拭子).Estellerandhisteamspentfouryearscollectingandanalyzingthegeneticdata.Esteller’sconclusionwasthatthelookalikessharedthesamevariationsofDNAandthattheirsimilaritiesinappearanceandgenome(基因組)werepurelyaccidental.Estellerpointsoutthatthereareonlysomanywaystoputahumanfacetogether.Byprovingthatpeoplewholookalikesharecertaingenes,Estellerhopestoadvancediagnostic(診斷的)sciencebyusingfacialrecognitiontoidentifyearlierraregeneticdiseasesinchildren.AnotherscientistNancySegal,aprofessorattheUniversityofCaliforniamainlyfocusesontwins.EventhoughSegalhasprovedthatpersonalitiesbetweenlookalikesarefarmoredissimilarthanpersonalitiesbetweentwins,the“twinstrangers”sharedmorefeaturesthansimilarfaces.“Ifonewasasmoker,theotherwaslikelyasmoker”andviceversa(反之亦然),Segalsaid,becauseaddictivehabitsareageneticquality,asishandednessandshortsightedness.Humansbroadlytendtobeattractedtopeoplewholooklikethemselves.“Ithinkittellsusabouthumannatureinthesensethatwealllongforsimilarity,”Segalsays.“Whenyoungchildrenhaveimaginaryfriends,they’realwayslikethem.”EstellerheardthattwoofthelookalikesfromoneofBrunelle’sphotosevenbecameacoupleandgotmarried.8.WhydoestheauthormentiontheeventinWashingtonSquarePark?A.Tointroducepeople’sinterestinlookalikes.B.Toemphasizethechaosofthecompetition.C.ToshowthepopularityofTimothéeChalamet.D.Toexplaintherulesofthewell-knowncontest.9.What’sthepurposeofManelEsteller’sresearch?A.TofinddifferentvariationsofDNA.B.Towarnparentsofkids’mentalhealth.C.Totestthegeneticsimilaritiesofstrangers.D.Tohelpdiagnosechildren’sgeneticdiseases.10.WhatdidNancySegalfindoutinherstudy?A.“Twinstrangers”sharesimilarinterests.B.Twinsaredissimilarinpersonalities.C.“Twinstrangers”sharesomequalities.D.Twinshavethesameaddictivehabits.11.Whydohumansfeelattractedtotheirlookalikes?A.Theywanttohaveanimaginaryequal.B.Theyarebornwithhungerforlikeness.C.Theyhaveastrongdesireforfriendship.D.Theyarecuriousabouttheirpersonality.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了研究人員們對長得極像的陌生人的研究結(jié)果?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ThousandsofpeopleshoweduptoWashingtonSquareParkinNewYorkCityonSundaytotakepartinandobservewhatwaspromotedasa“TimothéeChalametLookalikeContest”.Theresultingchaos,includingapolicepresenceandtheappearanceoftherealTimothéehimself,wasdocumentedextensivelyonsocialmedia,andmanyfoughtoverwhoshouldhavereallywon.WhyisitthatsomanyguysouttherelookstrikinglylikeTimothée?(成千上萬的人周日聚集在紐約市的華盛頓廣場公園，參與或觀看了一場被宣傳為“提莫西·夏拉梅相似者大賽”的活動?；顒右l(fā)了混亂，包括警方到場和真正的提莫西本人的出現(xiàn)，并且在社交媒體上廣泛記錄下來，許多人爭論誰應(yīng)該真正獲勝。為什么有這么多男性看起來非常像提莫西？)”可知，第一段提到公園里的大賽，主要是介紹人們對這類大賽很感興趣，借此引出話題。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Byprovingthatpeoplewholookalikesharecertaingenes,Estellerhopestoadvancediagnostic(診斷的)sciencebyusingfacialrecognitiontoidentifyearlierraregeneticdiseasesinchildren.(通過證明長相相似的人共享某些基因，埃斯特勒希望推進(jìn)診斷科學(xué)，利用面部識別技術(shù)來更早地在兒童中識別罕見的遺傳疾病。)”可知，埃斯特勒的研究目的是識別、診斷孩子早期罕見基因疾病。故選D。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“EventhoughSegalhasprovedthatpersonalitiesbetweenlookalikesarefarmoredissimilarthanpersonalitiesbetweentwins,the“twinstrangers”sharedmorefeaturesthansimilarfaces.(盡管西格爾已經(jīng)證明了相似者之間的性格遠(yuǎn)不如雙胞胎之間的性格相似，但“陌生人雙胞胎”之間不僅有著類似的面容，還分享了更多的特征。)”可知，西格爾發(fā)現(xiàn)長得像的陌生人有一些共有的特征。故選C?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Humansbroadlytendtobeattractedtopeoplewholooklikethemselves.“Ithinkittellsusabouthumannatureinthesensethatwealllongforsimilarity,”Segalsays.(人類普遍傾向于被那些看起來像自己的人所吸引?！拔艺J(rèn)為這告訴我們關(guān)于人性的一面，即我們都渴望相似性”，西格爾說。)”可知，人類天生渴望相似性。故選B。DSeeingpeopleinpersonmatters.Informationpoursoffthem:notjustwhattheysaybuthowtheysayitandwhethertheylisten.Relationshipsformmorenaturally.Studieshavedemonstratedhowmuchproximity,ornearness,mattersintheworkplace.Onepaperpublishedin2020byDiegoBattistonofStockholmUniversityandhisco-authorslookedathowthepoliceforceinManchesterfieldsemergencycalls.Theprocessinvolvestwopeople.Ahandlertakesthecallandwritesuptheincident.Anoperatorthenallocates(分配)policeofficers.Someoperatorshappenedtobeinthesameroomasthehandlerwhohadtakendownthecalldetails.Becausetheycouldtalkface-to-face,theseoperatorswereabletoknowvitaldetailsandallocatepoliceofficerstocasesmorequicklythanthosewhowerelefttoscandescriptionsforthemselves.InaworkingpaperpublishedinNovember,NataliaEmanueloftheFederalReserveBankofNewYorkdemonstratedthatproximitycanbegoodforinstructing,too.Theystudiedsoftwareprogrammersandfoundthatsittingclosertoco-workersincreasedtheamountofonlinefeedbackjuniorengineersreceivedontheircode(代碼)frommoreseniorco-workers.Thisisnotanargumentfordemandingthateveryonecomeintotheofficefivedaysaweekandsitsinasingle,jam-packedroom.Proximitycanexactcostsaswellasproducebenefits,asbothofthesepapersdemonstrate.IntheManchesterpoliceforce,handlerswhospentmoretimetalkingtooperatorshadlesstimefreetotakenewincomingcalls.Inthecaseofthesoftwareengineers,too,onlinecommentstaketimetogiveandtoreceive.Senioremployeesinparticularwrotemorecodewhentheywerenotsittingneartojuniorcolleagues.Employeesshouldbecapableofkeepingthebalanceandadministratorscanmakeinterventionstoregulatethesituationsoastoensurethecollectiveefficiency.Ifhandlersarebeingevaluatedonhowmanycallstheyfield,theyhavelessreasontohelpoperators.Similarly,seniorworkersinteamsthatsitclosewerelesslikelytoreceivepayrisesbecausetheiroutputwaslower.Inthiscase,theywillinstructless,too.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fields”inParagraph2mean?A.Initiates. B.Watchesover. C.Records. D.Dealswith.13.WhatcanwelearnfromNataliaEmanuel’sstudy?A.Proximitypromotesprofessionalinteractionsatwork.B.Face-to-facetalkenablespoliceofficerstoreactquickly.C.Productivityisimprovedwithoutcoworkers’disturbance.D.Facilitatingyoungprogrammersisseniorcoworkers’maintask.14.Howcanadministratorsinterveneinthesituation?A.Bykeepingtheirworkerscloser.B.Byadjustingtheassessmentcriteria.C.Bylengtheningtheworkingduration.D.Bymeetingtheneedsoftheirworkers.15.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Thetrade-offsofnearnessintheworkplace.B.Theapproachestoimprovingworkefficiency.C.Thestudiesonthedisadvantagesofproximity.D.Thestrategiestopromoterelationshipofco-workers.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了在工作場所中，近距離（即近距離工作或面對面交流）的利弊，以及如何通過管理手段來平衡這些因素以提高集體效率?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測題。分析劃線詞所在句“Onepaperpublishedin2020byDiegoBattistonofStockholmUniversityandhisco-authorslookedathowthepoliceforceinManchesterfieldsemergencycalls.(斯德哥爾摩大學(xué)的DiegoBattiston和他的合著者在2020年發(fā)表的一篇論文研究了曼徹斯特警方如何fields緊急呼叫)”可知，fields是賓語從句謂語動詞。結(jié)合下文“Theprocessinvolvestwopeople.Ahandlertakesthecallandwritesuptheincident.Anoperatorthenallocates(分配)policeofficers.(這個過程涉及兩個人。接線員接聽電話并記錄事件。然后，操作員分配警察)”可知，這是警方“處理”緊急呼叫的過程，所以動詞fields的意思是“處理”，與Dealswith同義。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“InaworkingpaperpublishedinNovember,NataliaEmanueloftheFederalReserveBankofNewYorkdemonstratedthatproximitycanbegoodforinstructing,too.Theystudiedsoftwareprogrammersandfoundthatsittingclosertoco-workersincreasedtheamountofonlinefeedbackjuniorengineersreceivedontheircode(代碼)frommoreseniorco-workers.(在11月發(fā)表的一篇工作論文中，紐約聯(lián)邦儲備銀行的NataliaEmanuel證明，近距離也對指導(dǎo)有好處。他們研究了軟件程序員，并發(fā)現(xiàn)坐得離同事更近會增加初級工程師從資深同事那里收到的關(guān)于他們代碼的在線反饋數(shù)量)”可知，從NataliaEmanuel的研究中，我們可以了解到近距離可以促進(jìn)工作中的專業(yè)交流。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Employeesshouldbecapableofkeepingthebalanceandadministratorscanmakeinterventionstoregulatethesituationsoastoensurethecollectiveefficiency.Ifhandlersarebeingevaluatedonhowmanycallstheyfield,theyhavelessreasontohelpoperators.(員工應(yīng)該能夠保持平衡，管理者可以進(jìn)行干預(yù)來調(diào)節(jié)情況，以確保集體效率。如果接線員的評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是他們接聽了多少電話，那么他們就沒有太多理由去幫助操作員了)”可知，管理者可以通過調(diào)整評估標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來干預(yù)這種情況。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Studieshavedemonstratedhowmuchproximity,ornearness,mattersintheworkplace.(研究表明，在工作場所中，近距離或靠近程度有多重要)”和最后一段中“Proximitycanexactcostsaswellasproducebenefits,asbothofthesepapersdemonstrate.(這兩篇論文都表明，近距離既會產(chǎn)生成本，也會帶來好處)”可知，本文主要講述了在工作場所中，近距離的利弊，即“Thetrade-offsofnearnessintheworkplace.(工作場所中近距離的權(quán)衡)”。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Expeditions(探險(xiǎn))offerunforgettableexperiences,butcapturing(捕捉)thosemomentswithasmartphonecameracanbechallenging,especiallyforamateurphotographers.____16____However,theydon’treallyknowhowtousetheircameras.Herearesometipstohelpamateurphotographersimprovetheirshotswithouthavingtoinvestinafancycamera.Knowyourcamerabeforethetrip.Oneofthemostvaluablepiecesofadviceistobecomefamiliarwithyourcamerabeforestartingyourexpeditionbecausedifferentcamerashavedifferentfunctionsandfeatures,likethelong-exposureoptionorthewide-anglelens.____17____Themorecomfortableyouarewithyourdevice,thequickeryou’llbeabletocapturebriefmomentslikeabirdinmidflightorawhalebreakingthroughthewater’ssurface.Focusoncompositionandscale(比例)fordramaticshots.Compositioniskeywhenphotographinglandscapesandwildlife.____18____Dramaticlighting,highcontrastandincorporatingelementsprovideasenseofscaletoyourimages.Forinstance,whenphotographingamountainrange,includingaperson,boatorbuildingintheframe(畫面)canhighlightthevastnessofthelandscape.____19____Capturingwildlifeoncameracanbeoneofthemostrewardingbutchallengingaspectsofanexpedition.Thekeytotakinggreatwildlifephotosisunderstandinganimalbehaviour.Observinghowanimalsinteractwiththeirenvironmentwillallowyoutoanticipatetheirmovementsandcapturetheperfectshot.It’snotaboutfastreactions.Wildlifecanbeunpredictable,soinsteadofrushingtowardsyoursubject,approachslowlyandgivetheanimaltimetoadapttoyourpresence.____20____Italsocreatesbetteropportunitiesforcapturinggenuine,unguardedmoments.Anexpeditionisanexcitingopportunitytowitnesswildlifeandlandscapesandcapturingthosemomentscanmaketheexperiencemorememorable.A.Understandanimalbehaviour.B.Thismethodresultsinrelaxedanimals.C.Peopledopayalotofmoneyforthesephones.D.Soyoudon’thandleitawkwardlybeforeanincredibleview.E.It’sexactlywhattransformsagoodphotointoanimpressiveone.F.Peopleusuallydon’treadtheirphone’sinstructionsverycarefully.G.It’saboutbeingpatientandknowingwhattheanimalwilldonext.【答案】16.C17.D18.E19.A20.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了如何利用智能手機(jī)相機(jī)提高業(yè)余攝影技巧，強(qiáng)調(diào)熟悉設(shè)備、構(gòu)圖和理解動物行為的重要性?！?6題詳析】由上文“Expeditions(探險(xiǎn))offerunforgettableexperiences,butcapturing(捕捉)thosemomentswithasmartphonecameracanbechallenging,especiallyforamateurphotographers.(探險(xiǎn)提供了難忘的經(jīng)歷，但用智能手機(jī)相機(jī)捕捉這些瞬間可能具有挑戰(zhàn)性，尤其是對于業(yè)余攝影師來說。)”及下文“However,theydon’treallyknowhowtousetheircameras.(然而，他們真的不知道如何使用相機(jī)。)”對業(yè)余攝影師不會使用相機(jī)的情況可知，本空需要強(qiáng)調(diào)業(yè)余攝影師為了拍攝對智能手機(jī)的投入。C選項(xiàng)“Peopledopayalotofmoneyforthesephones.(人們確實(shí)為這些手機(jī)支付了很多錢。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選C?！?7題詳析】由上文“Knowyourcamerabeforethetrip.Oneofthemostvaluablepiecesofadviceistobecomefamiliarwithyourcamerabeforestartingyourexpeditionbecausedifferentcamerashavedifferentfunctionsandfeatures,likethelong-exposureoptionorthewide-anglelens.(出行前要了解你的相機(jī)。最有價(jià)值的建議之一是在開始探險(xiǎn)之前熟悉你的相機(jī)，因?yàn)椴煌南鄼C(jī)有不同的功能和特點(diǎn)，比如長時間曝光選項(xiàng)或廣角鏡頭。)”可知，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)了在探險(xiǎn)前熟悉相機(jī)的重要性點(diǎn)。D選項(xiàng)“Soyoudon’thandleitawkwardlybeforeanincredibleview.(這樣，在面對令人驚嘆的景色時，你就不會笨拙地操作相機(jī)了。)”承接上文，進(jìn)一步說明了熟悉相機(jī)的好處，即能夠更流暢地捕捉美景，符合題意。故選D?！?8題詳析】由上文“Focusoncompositionandscale(比例)fordramaticshots.Compositioniskeywhenphotographinglandscapesandwildlife.(專注于構(gòu)圖和比例，以拍出引人入勝的照片。在拍攝風(fēng)景和野生動物時，構(gòu)圖是關(guān)鍵。)”可知，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)了構(gòu)圖在拍攝中的重要性。E選項(xiàng)“It’sexactlywhattransformsagoodphotointoanimpressiveone.(這正是把一張好照片變成一張令人印象深刻的照片的關(guān)鍵。)”承接上文，進(jìn)一步解釋了構(gòu)圖的重要性，即能夠提升照片的質(zhì)量，使其更加引人注目，符合題意。故選E?！?9題詳析】由下文“Capturingwildlifeoncameracanbeoneofthemostrewardingbutchallengingaspectsofanexpedition.(用相機(jī)捕捉野生動物是探險(xiǎn)中最有收獲但也最具挑戰(zhàn)性的事情之一。)”可知，本段主要討論的是拍攝野生動物。A選項(xiàng)“Understandanimalbehaviour.(了解動物行為。)”作為本段的主旨句，能夠概括本段的主要內(nèi)容，即了解動物行為對于拍攝野生動物的重要性，符合題意。故選A?！?0題詳析】由上文“Wildlifecanbeunpredictable,soinsteadofrushingtowardsyoursubject,approachslowlyandgivetheanimaltimetoadapttoyourpresence.(野生動物是不可預(yù)測的，所以不要急著靠近拍攝對象，要慢慢靠近，給動物一些時間來適應(yīng)你的存在。)”可知，這里提到了接近野生動物時要慢慢靠近，給動物時間適應(yīng)你的存在，這樣做不僅是為了安全，也是為了創(chuàng)造更好的機(jī)會捕捉到自然、未受干擾的瞬間。因此，空格處需要一個句子來補(bǔ)充說明這種方法的結(jié)果。B選項(xiàng)“Thismethodresultsinrelaxedanimals.(這種方法可以使動物放松。)”承接上文，進(jìn)一步解釋了拍攝野生動物時需要有耐心的原因，符合題意。故選B。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Manners,37,amountaineerfromBedford,andDvorak,31,aclimatescientistfromSeattle,hadsetoutwith___21___ofconquering(征服)ChaukhambaⅢ,a6,995mHimalayasmountain.However,at6,000m,arockfall____22____theropeattachedtoabagcontainingfoodandequipment,leavingthemonanarrowrocknearthemountaintop.TheyhadmanagedtosendanSOSbeforetheirmobilephonebatteryranout.Afteronefreezingnight,theyheardthesoundofa____23____.ButtheIndianairforcefailedtospotthem.____24____,whattheydidnotknowwasthatarescueplanwasbeing____25____bythreemembersoftheFrenchmountaineeringgroupwhohad,untilthatmoment,been____26____themountain.Luckily,afriendofMannersreceivedherSOSand____27____informedIndianofficials,whotoldChevallierandhistwoothermembersthewomen’ssituation.Thenextnight,Chevallier____28____alightonthemountainside.Nowthattheyhadarescueplan,theFrenchmountaineersfelt____29____.Butwhathappenednextwassomethingunexpected.TheFrenchmenlookedonin____30____astheysawtwofiguresclimbdownadangerous150mdrop.____31____thatthethreedistantfiguresweretheirownrescueparty,thewomenhaddecidedtoclimbdown.WhentheFrenchmenreachedthem,oneofthem,Clovis,toldherin____32____English:“Wearehereforrescueyou.”Mannerscriedtearsofrelief.Herbrushwith____33____didn’tcoolherpassionforclimbing.SheattendedtheNorthFaceAthleteSummitinColoradothisweekbutsaidshewould“finallytakea____34____”.AlthoughtheFrenchmenhadto____35____theirattempttoreachthesummit,theywerehappytohavethembackalive.21.A.ambitions B.resources C.emotions D.companions22.A.pulledon B.cutoff C.leftout D.stuckto23.A.bomb B.rescuer C.phone D.plane24.A.However B.Anyway C.Somehow D.Thus25.A.approved B.rejected C.hatched D.canceled26.A.cleaning B.climbing C.admiring D.describing27.A.currently B.suddenly C.frequently D.immediately28.A.spotted B.reflected C.flashed D.displayed29.A.disturbed B.relieved C.discouraged D.moved30.A.anger B.confusion C.curiosity D.horror31.A.Unaware B.Joyful C.Anxious D.Ashamed32.A.literary B.rude C.broken D.technical33.A.fame B.admiration C.storm D.death34.A.rest B.risk C.shot D.pill35.A.resist B.make C.abandon D.celebrate【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.A25.C26.B27.D28.A29.B30.D31.A32.C33.D34.A35.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。兩名女子登山時遇落石被困，發(fā)出求救信號后印度空軍未發(fā)現(xiàn)，法國登山隊(duì)成員策劃救援，女子不知救援人員已到而自行爬下，最終獲救，法國登山者雖放棄登頂?shù)苄牢?，其中一名女子?jīng)歷此事后仍熱愛登山但決定休息?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：來自貝德福德的登山者曼納斯（Manners），37歲，和來自西雅圖的氣候科學(xué)家德沃夏克（Dvorak），31歲，懷揣著征服喬坎巴三世峰（ChaukhambaⅢ）的雄心壯志出發(fā)了，這是一座海拔6995米的喜馬拉雅山脈山峰。A.ambitions雄心，野心；B.resources資源；C.emotions情感；D.companions同伴。由下文“conquering（征服）ChaukhambaⅢ”以及語境可知，她們帶著征服山峰的雄心出發(fā)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：然而，在海拔6000米處，一場落石切斷了系著裝有食物和裝備袋子的繩子，使她們被困在山頂附近的一塊狹窄巖石上。A.pulledon穿，戴，拉；B.cutoff切斷；C.leftout遺漏，省去；D.stuckto堅(jiān)持。由上文“arockfall”及下文“theropeattachedtoabagcontainingfoodandequipment”以及語境可知，這里指落石導(dǎo)致繩子被切斷，cutoff符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個寒冷的夜晚過后，她們聽到了飛機(jī)的聲音。A.bomb炸彈；B.rescuer救援者；C.phone電話；D.plane飛機(jī)。由下文“ButtheIndianairforcefailedtospotthem”可知，她們聽到的是飛機(jī)的聲音。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，她們不知道的是，一個救援計(jì)劃正在由法國登山隊(duì)的三名成員策劃，在此之前，他們一直在攀登這座山。A.However然而；B.Anyway無論如何；C.Somehow不知怎么地；D.Thus因此。由下文“whattheydidnotknowwasthatarescueplanwasbeingbythreemembersoftheFrenchmountaineeringgroup”以及語境可知，她們不知道有救援計(jì)劃，與前文聽到飛機(jī)聲音但未被發(fā)現(xiàn)形成轉(zhuǎn)折，However符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，她們不知道的是，一個救援計(jì)劃正在由法國登山隊(duì)的三名成員策劃，在此之前，他們一直在攀登這座山。A.approved批準(zhǔn)；B.rejected拒絕；C.hatched策劃，孵化；D.canceled取消。由上文“arescueplanwasbeing”及下文“bythreemembersoftheFrenchmountaineeringgroup”以及語境可知，此處表示救援計(jì)劃正在被策劃。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，她們不知道的是，一個救援計(jì)劃正在由法國登山隊(duì)的三名成員策劃，在此之前，他們一直在攀登這座山。A.cleaning打掃；B.climbing攀登；C.admiring欽佩；D.describing描述。由最后“theirattempttoreachthesummit”以及語境可知，這里指法國登山隊(duì)成員當(dāng)時正在攀登這座山。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，曼納斯的一個朋友收到了她的求救信號，并立即通知了印度官員，印度官員將這兩名女子的情況告訴了謝瓦利埃（Chevallier）和他的另外兩名隊(duì)員。A.currently當(dāng)前；B.suddenly突然；C.frequently頻繁地；D.immediately立即。由下文“informedIndianofficials”可知，朋友收到求救信號后應(yīng)是立即通知官員。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天晚上，謝瓦利埃在山腰上看到了一道光。A.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)，看見；B.reflected反射；C.flashed閃爍；D.displayed展示。由下文“alightonthemountainside”以及語境可知，這里指謝瓦利埃在山腰上看到了一道光。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在他們有了一個救援計(jì)劃，法國登山者感到寬慰。A.disturbed不安的；B.relieved寬慰的；C.discouraged氣餒的；D.moved感動的。由上文“Nowthattheyhadarescueplan”可知，有了救援計(jì)劃，他們會感到寬慰。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)法國登山者看到兩個身影從危險(xiǎn)的150米高處爬下來時，他們驚恐地看著。A.anger憤怒；B.confusion困惑；C.curiosity好奇；D.horror恐懼，驚恐。由下文“theysawtwofiguresclimbdownadangerous150mdrop”以及語境可知，看到這兩人從危險(xiǎn)高度爬下，法國登山者感到驚恐。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考