【高三寒假檢測(cè)卷】06 互聯(lián)網(wǎng) 現(xiàn)代科技 太空探索主題專練 （解析版）

2/2第06練互聯(lián)網(wǎng)~現(xiàn)代科技~太空探索主題專練ALikethemovefromhorse-drawncarriagestovehiclespoweredbyinternal-combustionengines,thechangefromcarspoweredbyfossilfuelstoelectricvehicles(EVs)willhaveaprofoundeffectonpersonaltransport.TheEpidemicworldwidecauseda20%dropingloballightvehiclesalesin2020,toabout70m,buttheypickupin2021.Andtheproportionofvehiclespoweredbybatterieswillgrowquickly.TheincreasingsharepriceofTesla,providesabigmotivationfornewcomerstocatchup.Teslamayleadinbatterytechnologyandsoftware,buttomakethoseadvantagesstick,itmustprovethat“productionhell”isbehindit.ScalingupmanufacturinghascausedTeslaitsbiggestheadaches.Bignamecarmakersfaceanequallydiscouragingchallenge:Learninghowtowritesoftware.Electriccarsrequireintegratedsoftware,notjusttoensurethatbatteriesandmotorsworktogethertoprovidethebestperformance,buttoconnectthecartotheoutsideworld.AndwhatoftheTeslafollowers,fromChina’sli,NioandXpengtoAmericanfirmssuchasFisker,LucidandNikola?Cashfromexcitableinvestorshaspouredinanditisthesamewithbignamecarmakers—asaretechgiants,keentogetinvolvedastransportgoesdigital.Canthefollowerspersuadeinvestorsthattheyhavepatenttechnologythatwillgivethemalong-termadvantage?Eye-catchingAdvertisementsofvehiclesareonething,butastheindustry’stroubleshows,workingouthowtomakecarsatscale,whensoftwaresareasimportantasbrakesandbodywork,isquiteanother.ThecomingyearwillmakeclearerwhichofTesla’scompetitors,newandold,canstayinrace.1．Whatisthetrendofelectriccarsindustry?A．Uncertain. B．Challenging. C．Promising. D．Disappointing.2．WhatisthebiggestchallengeTeslafacesnow?A．Learninghowtowritethesoftware. B．Expandingitsproductioncapacity.C．Connectingthecartotheoutsideworld. D．Competingwithmanynewcomers.3．WhichstatementaboutTesla’scompetitorsisTRUE?A．TheirsharepricesarecatchingupwiththoseofTesla.B．Theyaremostlyestablishedcompanies.C．Theirbiggestproblemistechnicalonelikeimprovingbrakesandbodywork.D．Theyareattractinginvestment.4．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．TheBattleWithintheElectric-VehicleIndustryB．ExpandingProductionCapacity—theHeadacheofElectricCarsIndustryC．NewCompaniesAreCatchingupinElectric-VehicleIndustryD．ElectricCars—YourFutureChoice【答案】1．C2．B3．D4．A【語(yǔ)篇分析】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了近年來特斯拉快速崛起，刺激了不同規(guī)模，甚至不同行業(yè)的“新選手們”投身電動(dòng)汽車領(lǐng)域，電動(dòng)汽車行業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)加劇?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Andtheproportionofvehiclespoweredbybatterieswillgrowquickly.(電池驅(qū)動(dòng)汽車的比例將迅速增長(zhǎng))”可知，電動(dòng)汽車行業(yè)未來前景良好。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ScalingupmanufacturinghascausedTeslaitsbiggestheadaches.(擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)規(guī)模是特斯拉最頭疼的問題)”可知，特斯拉目前面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)是擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)能力。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“AndwhatoftheTeslafollowers,fromChina’sli,NioandXpengtoAmericanfirmssuchasFisker,LucidandNikola?Cashfromexcitableinvestorshaspouredinanditisthesamewithbignamecarmakers—asaretechgiants,keentogetinvolvedastransportgoesdigital.(那么，從中國(guó)的li、蔚來和Xpeng到美國(guó)的Fisker、Lucid和Nikola，特斯拉的追隨者們又如何呢？興奮的投資者帶來的現(xiàn)金源源不斷地涌入，大牌汽車制造商也是如此——隨著交通數(shù)字化，科技巨頭也熱衷于參與其中)”可知，關(guān)于特斯拉競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的說法中，D選項(xiàng)“他們正在吸引投資”正確。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“TheincreasingsharepriceofTesla,providesabigmotivationfornewcomerstocatchup.Teslamayleadinbatterytechnologyandsoftware,buttomakethoseadvantagesstick,itmustprovethat“productionhell”isbehindit.ScalingupmanufacturinghascausedTeslaitsbiggestheadaches.(特斯拉不斷上漲的股價(jià)，為新來者提供了巨大的動(dòng)力。特斯拉可能在電池技術(shù)和軟件方面處于領(lǐng)先地位，但要保持這些優(yōu)勢(shì)，它必須證明“生產(chǎn)地獄”已經(jīng)過去。擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)規(guī)模是特斯拉最頭疼的問題)”結(jié)合本文主要介紹了近年來特斯拉快速崛起，刺激了不同規(guī)模，甚至不同行業(yè)的“新選手們”投身電動(dòng)汽車領(lǐng)域，電動(dòng)汽車行業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)加劇?？芍?，A選項(xiàng)“電動(dòng)汽車行業(yè)內(nèi)部的斗爭(zhēng)”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。BDoyouknow5G?Itisthefifthgenerationofmobilenetworktechnology.Thesenewnetworksarecoming.Chinajustissuedcommerciallicensesfor5GonJune6,2019.ThismeansthatChina'stelecomcompanieswillbeabletooffer5Gnetworksformobilephoneusers.Eachmobilenetworkgenerationisfasterandmorepowerfulthantheonebeforeit.1Gletustalktoeachother.2Gletussendmessages.3GgaveusdataandtheInternet.And4Gmadeallofthesethingsfaster.What'sspecialabout5G?5Ghasaveryshortdelaybetweensendingandreceivinginformation.Now,4Gtakesabout100to200millisecondstosendandreceivedata.But5Gwillgetitdownto1millisecondorless-thisisalmostreal-time.ThisbigchangewillnotonlymakeourmobileInternetfaster,butalsodeeplychangeourlives.Readontofindouthow.5G+entertainment5Gnetworksareabout100timesfasterthan4G.Thismeansyoucandownloadamovieinsecondsusing5G.Also,virtualreality(VR)gameswillbecomemorepopularwith5G.Theshortdelayof5Gwillmakethegamesfeelevenmorereal.5G+transport5Gwillalsobringussaferself-drivingcars.Thesecarscansendsignalstoeachother.Theyalsotalktotrafficlightsandroadsensors.5Gwillallowcarstoreactevenfasterthanhumandrivers.5G+smarthomes5GalsomakestheInternetofthingspossible.InternetofthingsisalargenetworkthatconnectseverythingtotheInternet.Smarthomesarepartofit.Forexample,yourtoastercanautomaticallystartmakingbreakfastafteryouralarmrings.Andifitssensorfeelstheairbecomingdry,asmartsprinklercouldwateryourplantsbyitself.5．What'sthewriter'spurposeinwritingthethirdparagraph?A．Toexplain5Gisthebestofall.B．Tosharehisknowledgeabout5G.C．Toencouragepeopletousethenewnetworktechnology.D．Toshowthedevelopmentofmobilenetworktechnology.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“delay”inparagraph4meaninChinese?A．卡頓 B．延時(shí) C．暫停 D．掉線7．Whichofthefollowingwaysisnotmentionedthat5Gwillchangepeople'slives?A．Healthcare B．Entertainment. C．Transport. D．Smarthomes.8．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．5Gwillchangeourlivesinmanyways. B．Mobilenetworksarechangingforbetter.C．5GwillmaketheInternetofthingspossible. D．5Gnetworksformobilephoneusersarecoming.【答案】5．D6．B7．A8．A【語(yǔ)篇分析】這是一篇說明文。文中主要介紹了5G技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢(shì)以及會(huì)影響生活的哪些方面?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Eachmobilenetworkgenerationisfasterandmorepowerfulthantheonebeforeit.1Gletustalktoeachother.2Gletussendmessages.3GgaveusdataandtheInternet.And4Gmadeallofthesethingsfaster.What'sspecialabout5G?(每一代移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)都比上一代更快、更強(qiáng)大。1G讓我們互相交談。2G讓我們發(fā)送信息。3G為我們提供了數(shù)據(jù)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。4G讓所有這些都變得更快。5G有什么特別之處？)”可推知，作者寫第三段的目的是展示移動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的發(fā)展。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“Now,4Gtakesabout100to200millisecondstosendandreceivedata.But5Gwillgetitdownto1millisecondorless-thisisalmostreal-time.”以及“betweensendingandreceivinginformation”可知，現(xiàn)在，4G發(fā)送和接收數(shù)據(jù)大約需要100到200毫秒。但5G將把時(shí)間縮短到1毫秒或更短——這幾乎是實(shí)時(shí)的。說明5G在發(fā)送和接收信息之間有很短的延時(shí)。故畫線詞意思是“延時(shí)”。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“5G+entertainment；5G+transport；5G+smarthomes(5g+娛樂；5g+運(yùn)輸；5G+智能家居)”可知，A選項(xiàng)“衛(wèi)生保健”沒有提到。故選A。

【8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段中“ThisbigchangewillnotonlymakeourmobileInternetfaster,butalsodeeplychangeourlives.(這個(gè)巨大的變化不僅會(huì)讓我們的移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)更快，也會(huì)深刻地改變我們的生活)”結(jié)合文中主要介紹了5G技術(shù)的優(yōu)勢(shì)以及會(huì)影響生活的哪些方面。可知，這篇文章的主旨是5G將在許多方面改變我們的生活。故選A。

Ⅰ.七選五Apps(shortforapplications)arebecomingincreasinglypopularnowadays,andwithgoodreason.Theycanhelpyououtinjustabouteveryareaofyourlife,whetherit'skeepingfit,communicatingwithothers,orevenlearningalanguage.1Hereiswhatyoushouldthinkaboutbeforedownloadinganappforlanguagelearning.Learnfromdifferentsources(notjustapps).Anyexperiencedlanguagelearnerswilltellyouthatthebeautyofmasteringaforeignlanguageistheworldwhichitopensuptoyou.Thisisaworldofdifferentsourcesofinformation,fromnewspapersandbookstoradio,TV,theInternet,andevenrealpeople.Wouldyoulimityourselftoonemediuminyournativelanguage?2Establishyourpurposeandplanyourhabits.Doyouwanttobefluentinweeksordoyouuseappsforgoalsettingandhabitforming?Goodappsaredesignedtohelpyoufityourstudiesintoyourtimetable.3Theseappsencouragehabitbuilding,becausethesuccessfulformationofahabitensuresyourstableandregularreturn.4Idon’tmeanpostingyourprogressonline.Imeansocialforreal.IowethespeedofprogressImadeinItaliantothesupportofJim,mypartnerinstudytime.Findafriendtoaccompanyyou.Takeaneveningclass.Borrowabook.Buyabook.Bookaweekawayandattendalanguageschool.Justdon'tforgetyourphone!Franklyspeaking,thecombinationofapps,alanguageschool,Jim’ssupport,eveningclassesandachosenbookortwoprovedextremelyeffective.5Irecommendit.Rememberthatanappisjustatool.Makeitsocial.Iencourageyoutouseappsasoftenasyoucan.Probablynot,sowhydoyoudosoinyournewlanguage?Thebestappsadaptthemselvesbaseduponyourbehavior.However,youneedtoknowhowtousethemproperlytoreallybenefit.【答案】1.G2.E3.F4.C5.A【語(yǔ)篇分析】這是一篇說明文。如今，應(yīng)用程序正變得越來越流行，這是有原因的。他們可以在你生活的方方面面幫助你，無論是保持健康，與朋友交流，甚至是學(xué)習(xí)一門語(yǔ)言。文章主要介紹了一些在下載一款語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用程序之前應(yīng)該考慮的事情?！?題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Apps(shortforapplications)arebecomingincreasinglypopularnowadays,andforgoodreason.Theycanhelpyououtinjustabouteveryareaofyourlife,whetherit’skeepingfit,communicatingwithfriends,orevenlearningalanguage.(如今，應(yīng)用程序正變得越來越流行，這是有原因的。他們可以在你生活的方方面面幫助你，無論是保持健康，與朋友交流，甚至是學(xué)習(xí)一門語(yǔ)言)”以及后文“Here'swhatyoushouldthinkaboutbeforedownloadinganappforlanguagelearning.(以下是你在下載一款語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用程序之前應(yīng)該考慮的事情)”可知，上文提到了應(yīng)用程序的好處，后文則提到在下載之前應(yīng)該考慮一些事情，故本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，說明需要知道如何正確使用應(yīng)用程序才能真正受益。G選項(xiàng)中them指代上文Apps。故G選項(xiàng)“然而，你需要知道如何正確地使用它們才能真正受益”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Anyseasonedlanguagelearnerwilltellyouthatthebeautyofmasteringaforeignlanguageistheworldwhichitopensuptoyou.Thisisaworldofdiversesourcesofinformation,fromnewspaperandbookstoTV,radio,musicandevenrealpeople.Wouldyoulimityourselftoonemediuminyournativelanguage?(任何一個(gè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)者都會(huì)告訴你，掌握一門外語(yǔ)的美妙之處在于它為你打開的世界。這是一個(gè)信息來源多樣的世界，從報(bào)紙、書籍到電視、廣播、音樂，甚至是真實(shí)的人。在你的母語(yǔ)中，你會(huì)把自己限制在一種媒介上嗎)”可知，上文提到了學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言有各種不同的媒體可供選擇，且上文提出了一個(gè)反問句“你會(huì)把自己限制在一種媒體上嗎？”，本句位于本段最后一句，應(yīng)當(dāng)承接上文回答這一問題，故E選“也許并不會(huì)，那么為什么不在你的新語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)中也這么做呢？”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。【3題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Doyouwanttobefluentinweeksorareyouinitforthebraintraining?Thegoodappsaredesignedtohelpyoufityourstudiesaroundyourtimetable.(你是想在幾周內(nèi)流利地說英語(yǔ)，還是想?yún)⒓哟竽X訓(xùn)練？好的應(yīng)用程序是設(shè)計(jì)來幫助你適應(yīng)你的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間表)”以及后文“Theseappsencouragehabitbuilding,becausethesuccessfulformationofahabitensuresyoursafeandregularreturn.(這些應(yīng)用程序鼓勵(lì)養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，因?yàn)槌晒︷B(yǎng)成習(xí)慣可以確保你的安全定期回歸)”可知，上文提到好的應(yīng)用程序是設(shè)計(jì)來幫助你適應(yīng)你的學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間表，即好的應(yīng)用程序可以自我調(diào)整，來適應(yīng)使用者的習(xí)慣，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)中thebestapps對(duì)應(yīng)后文中Theseapps。故F選項(xiàng)“最好的應(yīng)用程序會(huì)根據(jù)你的行為進(jìn)行自我調(diào)整”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。【4題詳解】空處為本段小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)下文“Idon’tmeanpostingyourprogressonline.Imeansocialforreal.IowethespeedofprogressImadeinItaliantothesupportofJim,mypartnerinstudytime.Findafriendtoaccompanyyou.Takeaneveningclass.Borrowabook.Buyabook.Bookaweekawayandattendalanguageschool.Justdon'tforgetyourphone!（我的意思不是把你的進(jìn)展公布在網(wǎng)上。我是說真正的社交。我在意大利語(yǔ)方面取得的進(jìn)步速度歸功于我的學(xué)習(xí)伙伴吉姆的支持。找個(gè)朋友陪你。上夜校。借一本書。買一本書。預(yù)訂一周的假期，然后去語(yǔ)言學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。別忘了你的手機(jī)?。笨芍径谓ㄗh我們要利用app進(jìn)行社交以幫助自己。C項(xiàng)“使其具有社交性”可以作為本段小標(biāo)題。故選C。【5題詳解】根據(jù)上文“IfImayspeaksincerely,thecombinationofapps,languageschool,Jim,eveningout,andachoicebookortwoprovedextremelyeffective.(坦率地說，app、languageschool、Jim、eveningout和一兩本精選書的結(jié)合證明是非常有效的)”可知，上文提到了一種有效的方法，言下之意，作者推薦這種做法，A選項(xiàng)中it指代上文thecombinationof。A選項(xiàng)“我推薦”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。Ⅱ.完型挺空Imaginesittinginsideawindowlesstrainthat'sshootingthroughatubeattwicethespeedofanairplane.Yourtrainhasnowheels,producesno1,makesitsownelectricity,andisn'taffectedbybadweather.Thisisthehyperloop,anewvisionfortheworld's2,safest,andgreenestformoftransportation.Manyhave3thisnewtechnology,butotherssaythehyperloopvisionisjustabunchofhotair.Hyperloopdevelopersplantousethepropertiesofmagnetstofloat,stabilize,anddrivethecapsulesorpodsforhundredsofmilesthrough4tubes.Withoutairorgroundtoslowdownthevehicles,whatwasonceafive-hourjourneywouldbecomeahalf-hourexcursion,engineerspromise.Supportersofthetechnologypromoteadditional5oftransportingpassengersandcargobyhyperloop.Forexample,theyfirmlystatethatunlikeothercity-to-citytransportthat's6,suchasplanesortrains,hyperloopvehicleswouldleaveasneeded,likeUbersandtaxis.Whilethe7wouldholdonly28to50passengerseach,developersplanforthemtodepartstationsingroupseveryminuteorsowhichtheysaycouldamounttoshuttling50,000peopleanhour.That'smorethantwicethepassenger8oftheworld'sfastesttrains.Developersalsosaythathyperlooptubeswouldbe9sotheywouldn'tinterferewithothertrafficorthreatenwildlife.Andtubeswouldbecoveredwithsolarpanelstopowerthehyperloop'ssystems.10,advocatesregardthehyperloopasthetransportationchoiceforthefuture.Butnoteveryoneisonboard.Engineershavecalculatedthatthehigh-speedvehicleswillneedtomakemuchwiderturnsthancurrentlyenvisioned,andotherwisetheywon'tbe11forpassengers.Thiswouldaddseveralmilestotheproposedtubetracks,Engineersalsosayplannershaven'tincludedenoughtimeforvehiclestosafelybrakeandtakeoffatstations.Someengineersbelieveitwilltakemuchlongerthanclaimedtopumpthe12outofthetubesbeforeeachvehicle'sdeparture.Criticsthussayhyperloopscan'tgoasfastorserveasmanypassengersperhourasadvertised,makingthem13existinghigh-speedtransportationoptions.Hyperloopcompaniessaythey're14theseconcerns.Theyclaimthattheycansafelymaintainhighspeedsbyhavingthevehiclesbankaroundtheturnsasaplanedoes.Andtheirhyperloopswillrelyonthesplit-secondreactiontimesofacomputerto15vehiclesquickly,frequently,andsafely.1．A．pollution B．sound C．energy D．wind2．A．cleanest B．lightest C．latest D．fastest3．A．a(chǎn)dapted B．exploited C．embraced D．developed4．A．totallyhollow B．nearlyairless C．steadilynarrow D．highlyflexible5．A．a(chǎn)dvantages B．costs C．qualities D．situations6．A．inconstantdemandsB．onstricttimetablesC．inchangeablestates D．onessentialservices7．A．cabins B．lorries C．tubes D．vehicles8．A．fare B．capacity C．speed D．comfort9．A．underground B．parallel C．elevated D．shared10．A．However B．Therefore C．Beside D．Otherwise11．A．a(chǎn)vailable B．economic C．easy D．safe12．A．force B．a(chǎn)ir C．heat D．water13．A．mostpopularofB．superiorto C．nobetterthan D．leastprofitableof14．A．a(chǎn)ddressing B．causing C．voicing D．releasing15．A．ride B．pilot C．park D．a(chǎn)lert【答案】1．A2．D3．C4．B5．A6．B7．D8．B9．C10．B11．D12．B13．C14．A15．B【語(yǔ)篇分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要是對(duì)未來交通工具超級(jí)高鐵的爭(zhēng)論?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你的火車沒有輪子，不產(chǎn)生污染，自己發(fā)電，也不受惡劣天氣的影響。A.pollution污染；B.sound聲音；C.energy精力；D.wind風(fēng)。根據(jù)“makesitsownelectricity,”可知，因?yàn)樽约嚎梢园l(fā)電，所以不產(chǎn)生污染。故選A?！?題詳解】考查形容詞最高級(jí)詞義辨析。句意：這就是超級(jí)高鐵，世界上最快、最安全、最綠色的交通方式的新愿景。A.cleanest最干凈的；B.lightest最輕的；C.latest最新的；D.fastest最快的。根據(jù)“Imaginesittinginsideawindowlesstrainthat'sshootingthroughatubeattwicethespeedofanairplane.”可知，這種超級(jí)高鐵是是飛機(jī)速度的兩倍，所以是世界上最快的交通方式。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：許多人已經(jīng)接受了這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)，但也有人說，超級(jí)高鐵的愿景只是一堆空話。A.adapted適應(yīng)；B.exploited利用；C.embraced接受；D.developed發(fā)展。根據(jù)“butotherssaythehyperloopvisionisjustabunchofhotair.”中轉(zhuǎn)折可知，許多人已經(jīng)接受了這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)。故選C。【4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：超級(jí)高鐵的開發(fā)人員計(jì)劃利用磁鐵的特性來漂浮、穩(wěn)定和驅(qū)動(dòng)膠囊或艙在幾乎沒有空氣的管道中行駛數(shù)百英里。A.totallyhollow完全空洞；B.nearlyairless幾乎沒有空氣的；C.steadilynarrow穩(wěn)步縮小；D.highlyflexible高度靈活的。根據(jù)“Withoutairorgroundtoslowdownthevehicles,whatwasonceafive-hourjourneywouldbecomeahalf-hourexcursion,engineerspromise.”可知，因?yàn)闆]有空氣，所以是在幾乎真空的管道中行駛。故選B?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的支持者宣揚(yáng)了使用超級(jí)高鐵運(yùn)送乘客和貨物的額外優(yōu)勢(shì)。A.advantages優(yōu)勢(shì)；B.costs花費(fèi)；C.qualities質(zhì)量；D.situations狀況。根據(jù)“Forexample,theyfirmlystatethatunlikeothercity-to-citytransportthat's____6____,suchasplanesortrains,hyperloopvehicleswouldleaveasneeded,likeUbersandtaxis.”可知，這里陳述超級(jí)高鐵的優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選A?！?題詳解】考查短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：例如，他們堅(jiān)定地表示，不像飛機(jī)或火車等其他有嚴(yán)格時(shí)間表的城市到城市的交通工具，超級(jí)高鐵車輛會(huì)在需要時(shí)離開，比如優(yōu)步和出租車。A.inconstantdemands不斷的需求；B.onstricttimetables按照嚴(yán)格的時(shí)間表；C.inchangeablestates在多變狀態(tài)；D.onessentialservices基本服務(wù)。根據(jù)“suchasplanesortrains,hyperloopvehicleswouldleaveasneeded,likeUbersandtaxis.”可知，超級(jí)高鐵像優(yōu)步和出租車一樣，不需要像飛機(jī)或火車一樣按照嚴(yán)格的時(shí)間表才能出發(fā)。故選B?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然每輛車只能搭載28至50名乘客，但開發(fā)商計(jì)劃讓這些車每分鐘分批從車站出發(fā)，他們說，這樣每小時(shí)可以運(yùn)送5萬人。A.cabins小木屋；B.lorries卡車；C.tubes地鐵；D.vehicles交通工具。這里指超級(jí)高鐵作為交通工具每輛車的運(yùn)載能力。故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是世界上最快列車載客量的兩倍多。A.fare車費(fèi)；B.capacity容量；C.speed速度；D.comfort安慰。根據(jù)“Whilethe____7____wouldholdonly28to50passengerseach,developersplanforthemtodepartstationsingroupseveryminuteorsowhichtheysaycouldamounttoshuttling50,000peopleanhour.”可知，超級(jí)高鐵載客容量是世界上最快列車的兩倍多。故選B?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：開發(fā)商還表示，超級(jí)高鐵管道將會(huì)升高，這樣它們就不會(huì)干擾其他交通或威脅野生動(dòng)物。A.underground地下的；B.parallel平行的；C.elevated抬高的；D.shared共享的。根據(jù)“sotheywouldn'tinterferewithothertrafficorthreatenwildlife.”可知，可以將超級(jí)高鐵管道升高建造，這樣不會(huì)干擾其他交通或威脅野生動(dòng)物。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，支持者把超級(jí)高鐵作為未來的交通選擇。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Beside在……旁邊；D.Otherwise否則。根據(jù)“advocatesregardthehyperloopasthetransportationchoiceforthefuture.”可知，前后句之間為因果關(guān)系。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：工程師們計(jì)算出，高速車輛需要比目前設(shè)想的大得多的轉(zhuǎn)彎，否則對(duì)乘客來說就不安全了。A.available可利用的；B.economic經(jīng)濟(jì)的；C.easy容易的；D.safe安全的。根據(jù)“Engineershavecalculatedthatthehigh-speedvehicleswillneedtomakemuchwiderturnsthancurrentlyenvisioned,”可知，為了乘客的安全，設(shè)計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)彎的時(shí)候需要很大的彎道。故選D。【12題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一些工程師認(rèn)為，在每輛車離開之前，將空氣從管道中抽出所需的時(shí)間將比他們聲稱的要長(zhǎng)得多。A.force力量；B.air空氣；C.heat熱；D.water水。根據(jù)“Withoutairorgroundtoslowdownthevehicles,whatwasonceafive-hourjourneywouldbecomeahalf-hourexcursion,engineerspromise.”可知，運(yùn)行時(shí)沒有空氣，所以需要從管道中抽取空氣。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：因此，批評(píng)人士說，超級(jí)高鐵的速度和每小時(shí)載客量無法達(dá)到廣告宣傳的水平，因此它們并不比現(xiàn)有的高速交通工具更好。A.mostpopularof最流行的；B.superiorto比……優(yōu)越；C.nobetterthan不比……好；D.leastprofitableof最無利可圖的。根據(jù)“Criticsthussayhyperloopscan'tgoasfastorserveasmanypassengersperhourasadvertised,”可知，批評(píng)人士認(rèn)為超級(jí)高鐵并不比現(xiàn)有的高速交通工具更好。故選C。【14題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：超級(jí)高鐵公司表示，他們正在解決這些問題。A.addressing處理；B.causing引起；C.voicing表達(dá)；D.releasing釋放。根據(jù)“Engineersalsosayplannershaven'tincludedenoughtimeforvehiclestosafelybrakeandtakeoffatstations.Someengineersbelieveitwilltakemuchlongerthanclaimedtopumpthe_____12_____outofthetubesbeforeeachvehicle'sdeparture.Criticsthussayhyperloopscan'tgoasfastorserveasmanypassengersperhourasadvertised,makingthem_____13_____existinghigh-speedtransportationoptions.”可知，超級(jí)高鐵公司正在解決所提出的這些問題。故選A。【15題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的超回路列車將依靠計(jì)算機(jī)瞬間的反應(yīng)時(shí)間來快速、頻繁、安全地駕駛車輛。A.ride乘坐；B.pilot駕駛；C.park停車；D.alert警報(bào)。根據(jù)“Andtheirhyperloopswillrelyonthesplit-secondreactiontimesofacomputer”可知，超級(jí)高鐵公司聲稱會(huì)依靠計(jì)算機(jī)瞬間的反應(yīng)時(shí)間來解決安全駕駛問題。故選B。Ⅲ.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Peopleneedtransportationtomovefromoneplacetoanother.Astimewentby,transportationmethodsimproved.Especiallyaftertheinventionofairplanes,theymadetravelmoreconvenientand1（easy）.Theairplane2（invent）byOrvilleandWilburWrightin1903.3firstairplane,WrightFlyerI,flew36.5metersin12seconds.Afterthat,thetwobrotherskept4（improve）theirairplanes.They5（fly）inpublicinFrancein1908,andstartedtakingpassengerswiththem.Eversince,manyotherpeoplemadeeffortstoimproveanddevelopairplanes.Thankstotheirefforts,airplanetechnologydeveloped6（extreme）fast.Today,airplaneshavemanydifferent7（apply）.Peoplecanuseairplanestotraveltoothercountries,sendurgentmailsandhelppeople8danger.Theyuseairplanestosendwater,food,medicine,etc.tocitiesthatneedhelp.However,airplanesarenotonlyusedinpositiveways,9theyarealsousedtofightwars.Manythings10（change）sincetheinventionoftheairplane.Airplaneshavemadetravelortransportfaster.Airplaneshavereallychangedourlives.【答案】1．easier2．wasinvented3．The4．improving5．flew/flied6．extremely7．a(chǎn)pplications8．in9．but10．havechanged【語(yǔ)篇分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是飛機(jī)的發(fā)明的用途?！?題詳解】考查比較級(jí)。句意：特別是在飛機(jī)發(fā)明之后，它們使旅行更加方便和容易。由前面的“moreconvenient”是比較級(jí)和“and”表并列可知，空格處是比較級(jí)easier，故填easier。【2題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：飛機(jī)是由Orville和WilburWright在1903年發(fā)明的。飛機(jī)是被發(fā)明，由“in1903”可知，空格處用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，即was/weredone，主語(yǔ)“airplane”是單數(shù)，因此空格處是wasinvented，故填wasinvented?！?題詳解】考查定冠詞。句意：第一架飛機(jī)WrightFlyerI在12秒內(nèi)飛行了36.5米?！癴irst”是序數(shù)詞，前面需加定冠詞the，位于句首，首字母大寫，故填The。【4題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：從那以后，兩兄弟不斷改進(jìn)他們的飛機(jī)。keepdoingsth.是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“保持做某事”，因此空格處用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，故填improving。【5題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：1908年，它們?cè)诜▏?guó)公開飛行，并開始搭載乘客。由“in1908”可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)用一般過去時(shí)，空格處用過去式flew/flied，故填flew/flied。【6題詳解】考查副詞。句意：由于他們的努力，飛機(jī)技術(shù)發(fā)展得非?？臁？崭裉幱酶痹~extremely修飾副詞fast，extremely意為“極度地”，故填extremely?！?題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：今天，飛機(jī)有許多不同的用途?！癿anydifferent”后用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，句子表示“飛機(jī)有許多不同的用途”，空格處是“用途”，是名詞application，復(fù)數(shù)是applications，故填applications?！?題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：人們可以使用飛機(jī)到其他國(guó)家旅行，發(fā)送緊急郵件和幫助處于危險(xiǎn)中的人。indanger是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“處于危險(xiǎn)之中”，因此空格處是介詞in，故填in?！?題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：然而，飛機(jī)不僅被用于積極的方面，它們也被用于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。“notonly...but(also)...”是固定搭配，意為“不但……而且……”，因此空格處是but，故填but?！?0題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：自從飛機(jī)發(fā)明以來，許多事情都改變了。由“since”可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)“things”是復(fù)數(shù)，因此空格處是havechanged，故填havechanged。Ⅳ.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Awomanwhohadastroke(中風(fēng))whileonaFaceTimevideocallwithhersister,saidthetechnologysavedherlife.EsmeeRussell,headoftheStrokeAssociation,said,“Astrokecanhappentoanyone,atanyage,atanytime.That’swhyit’ssoimportantthatpeopleknowhowtoactfast:itcouldsavealife.”Strokeshappenwhenthebloodsupplytopartofthebrainiscutoffbyaclot(凝塊),ordamagedbybleedingthatcausesbraincellsintheaffectedareatodie.OpokuaKwapong,wholivesaloneinNewYork,wasonacallwithhersister,AdumeaSapong,inManchester,whenMrsSapongnoticedthathereldersister“didn’tlookright”.Andshealsonoticedhersister’svoicewasslurred(口齒不清).MsKwapongsaidshehadnotrealisedhowseriousthesituationwas.The58-year-oldKwaponghadwokenfromanafternoonsleepwhenMrsSapongcalledheronFaceTime.MsKwapongsaid“Mysisterlookedatmeandsaidshecouldseethatmyfacedidn’tlookright.ShealsosaidthatIwasslurringmywords,butIthoughtshewasmakingafuss(大驚小怪)andIdidn’tbelieveher.”MrsSapongsaidWhenIcalledKwapong,shesaidthatshe'dnotbeenfeelingwellandhadbeenfeelingtiredandwasalsohavingsomedifficultywalking.Isaid,‘Perhapsyouneedtotakesomemedicine.’Shetriedtopickupaglassofwaterandwasn’tableto.ThenInoticedontheFaceTimevideocallthatherfacewasdrooping.Itoldhersheneededtohangupandimmediatelyseeadoctor.ShethoughtIwasmakingafusssoIthencalledoneofmyothersisters,whoisadoctor,andshecouldhearherspeakingandcouldalsotellthatherspeechwasslurred.Webothtoldhertocallforhelpatonce.”注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Para.1:MsKuaponghungupthecallandthendialedtheemergencyservices._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________