2023-2024學(xué)年河南省焦作市高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題 （解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省焦作市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AGroupVisitsandToursTheMuseumofFineArtsHouston(MFAH)welcomesgroupstoexperiencetheMuseum’scollectionsandexhibitions.Discounts(折扣)forself-guidedgroupvisitsandexpert-guidedgrouptoursarethereforthosewhobook10ormoretickets.FromthegreatartcollectionsoftheMuseumofFineArtsHouston—withobjectscrossingtheworldandhumancreativehistory—totheever-changingscheduleofthematicexhibitions,theMuseumoffersalotoftourtopicstosuityourinterests.Visitasaself-guidedgroup,andyouandyourguestscanexploreatyourownpace.Foradeeperexplorationintothegalleries,request(要求)anexpert-guidedtour.PolicyTheMuseumofferstoursandpackagestogroupsof10ormorefortheMuseum’scollectionsandselectedexhibitions.Membershipbenefitsandfreeindividualadmissionmaynotbeusedatthesametimewithschoolorgroupvisits.Toursledbyguideswhodon’tworkintheMuseumarenotallowed;pleasecontactgroupsales@inadvanceofyourvisitforalltourrequests.ReservationsForpriceinformation,contactgroupsales@or713-639-7878.Tomakeareservation(預(yù)定)request,completethegroupvisitrequestform.Atleastone-weekadvancenoticeisneededforself-guidedvisitsandtwoweeksforexpert-guidedtours.Reservationsareconfirmedwithanordernumberanddecidedbyadvancepayment.Lookingforschooltours?Findinformationhereoremailschooltours@withyourquestions.Mainaddress:1001Bissonnet,Houston,Texas77005MFAHInformationLine:713-639-73001.HowcanyougetdiscountedticketsfortheMuseum?A.Byvisitingitwithanexpert. B.Bybuyingatleasttentickets.C.Bybookingticketsinadvance. D.Bypayingavisitwithyourfamily.2.WhowillfailtovisittheMuseum?A.Groupsledbyaguidetheybring. B.Childrenwithouttheirparents’company.C.Thosecomingwithaclearvisitplan. D.Visitorswithoutmembership.3.Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttohaveaself-guidedvisit?A.Call713-639-7878. B.Buythetickettwoweeksahead.C.Visitschooltours@. D.Payforyourticketinadvance.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了休斯頓美術(shù)館歡迎團(tuán)體參觀，并提供自助參觀和專(zhuān)家導(dǎo)游參觀的折扣。文章還介紹了參觀政策，最后還提供了聯(lián)系方式?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Discounts(折扣)forself-guidedgroupvisitsandexpert-guidedgrouptoursarethereforthosewhobook10ormoretickets.(預(yù)訂10張或以上門(mén)票的人可以享受自助團(tuán)游和專(zhuān)家團(tuán)游的折扣。)”可知，通過(guò)購(gòu)買(mǎi)至少十張門(mén)票可以獲得折扣。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Policy部分中“Toursledbyguideswhodon’tworkintheMuseumarenotallowed(不允許由非博物館工作人員帶領(lǐng)參觀。)”可知，帶有自己的導(dǎo)游來(lái)參觀的團(tuán)隊(duì)不允許進(jìn)入博物館。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Reservations部分中“Atleastone-weekadvancenoticeisneededforself-guidedvisitsandtwoweeksforexpert-guidedtours.Reservationsareconfirmedwithanordernumberanddecidedbyadvancepayment.(自助游至少需要提前一周通知，專(zhuān)家導(dǎo)游團(tuán)需要提前兩周通知。預(yù)訂以訂單號(hào)確認(rèn)，并通過(guò)預(yù)付款決定。)”可知，如果你想進(jìn)行自助參觀，需要提前支付門(mén)票費(fèi)用即通過(guò)預(yù)付款決定。故選D。BMissEngland,JessicaGagen,isnotyourordinarybeautywinner.Shejustaddedanimpressivetitle,arocketscientist,tohercareer.The27-year-oldjustgraduatedfromtheUniversityofLiverpoolwithadegreeinAerospaceEngineeringandshehassethersightsonbecominganastronaut(宇航員).ButwinninghertitlejustafewmonthsbeforecompletingherdegreewasnoeasytaskfortheenergeticredheadfromKelmersdale.Sheisthefirstred-headedwoman—andthefirstrocketscientist—tobecrowned(加冕)MissEngland.Gagenwasabletomanagebothhercompetitionandherschoolworkbutthestressofdoingbothleftherwithchestpainsandsleeplessness.However,shedidn’tgiveup,justasshehadbeentreatedbadlyandalwaysbeenmadefunofasachildforhavingredhair.“Itwasatoughfive-yearjourneytogettothispoint,andIfacedchallengesbeforeIevenbegan,”Gagensaid.“Ithinkit’simportantthattoday’syouthknowthatsometimesthingsdon’tgoentirelytoplan,andthat’sperfectlyokay.”Beforestartingattheuniversity,Gagenstudiedafoundationyearinphysicswhileworkingonweekendsbecauseshedidn’thaveallthecoursessheneededfortheprogram.Shebeganstudyingattheuniversityin2019andwhenthepandemic(流行病)hit,allthecourseworkwentonline.Shedidthiswhileworkingfulltimeatnight.Duringthecourseofherstudies,GagensawthattherewereveryfewfemalesinSTEManddecidedtomakeithertasktopromote(提升)careersinSTEMforwomenandgirlsonhersocialmedia.Inthefirstyear,shewonMissLancashireandplacedsecondinthenationalcontestbutshereallywantedtowintopromotehertask.“There’salotofworkthatgoesintobecomingMissEngland,andIreallywantedtowinbecauseIknewIcouldusetheplatformtogetmoregirlsintoengineering,”shesaid.4.WhatisspecialaboutMissEnglandmentionedinthetext?A.Sheisalsoascientist. B.Shewasonceanastronaut.C.Shehadahappychildhood. D.Shehasgreatpressureatpresent.5.WhywasGagenlaughedatwhenshewasyoung?A.Shehadtroublewithherstudy. B.Shewasinpoorhealth.C.Thecolorofherhairwasunusual. D.Herclotheswerenotbeautiful.6.WhatdoweknowaboutGagenfromparagraph6?A.Herlifestyleinhighschool. B.Someofhercollegeeducation.C.Herattitudetoherclassmates. D.Thesupportfromherfamily.7.WhatisGagen’spurposeinwinningMissEngland?A.Tocontinuehercollegeeducation.B.Torealizeherdreamsincechildhood.C.Togetconfidencetodealwithdifficulties.D.ToencouragemoregirlstolearnSTEM.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了英格蘭小姐杰西卡·加根的故事，她不僅獲得了英格蘭小姐的稱(chēng)號(hào)，還在航空航天工程領(lǐng)域取得了學(xué)位，并立志成為一名宇航員。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“MissEngland,JessicaGagen,isnotyourordinarybeautywinner.Shejustaddedanimpressivetitle,arocketscientist,tohercareer.(英格蘭小姐，杰西卡·加根，不是一般的選美冠軍。她剛剛為自己的職業(yè)生涯增添了一個(gè)令人印象深刻的頭銜——火箭科學(xué)家)”可知，英格蘭小姐杰西卡·加根的特別之處是她還是一名科學(xué)家。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“However,shedidn’tgiveup,justasshehadbeentreatedbadlyandalwaysbeenmadefunofasachildforhavingredhair.(然而，她并沒(méi)有放棄，就像她小時(shí)候因?yàn)榧t頭發(fā)而受到虐待和嘲笑一樣)”可知，加根年輕時(shí)因頭發(fā)的顏色特別而被嘲笑。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Beforestartingattheuniversity,Gagenstudiedafoundationyearinphysicswhileworkingonweekendsbecauseshedidn’thaveallthecoursessheneededfortheprogram.Shebeganstudyingattheuniversityin2019andwhenthepandemic(流行病)hit,allthecourseworkwentonline.Shedidthiswhileworkingfulltimeatnight.(在進(jìn)入大學(xué)之前，加根在周末工作的同時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)了物理學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)課程，因?yàn)樗龥](méi)有完成該項(xiàng)目所需的所有課程。她于2019年開(kāi)始在這所大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，當(dāng)疫情爆發(fā)時(shí)，所有的課程作業(yè)都在網(wǎng)上進(jìn)行。她一邊在晚上全職工作，一邊完成大學(xué)學(xué)業(yè))”可知，從第六段中我們可以了解到加根的大學(xué)教育經(jīng)歷。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段中“GagensawthattherewereveryfewfemalesinSTEManddecidedtomakeithertasktopromote(提升)careersinSTEMforwomenandgirlsonhersocialmedia.(加根發(fā)現(xiàn)STEM領(lǐng)域的女性很少，于是決定在她的社交媒體上推動(dòng)女性和女孩在STEM領(lǐng)域的職業(yè)發(fā)展)”和最后一段中“There’salotofworkthatgoesintobecomingMissEngland,andIreallywantedtowinbecauseIknewIcouldusetheplatformtogetmoregirlsintoengineering(要成為英格蘭小姐還有很多工作要做，我真的很想贏，因?yàn)槲抑牢铱梢岳眠@個(gè)平臺(tái)讓更多的女孩進(jìn)入工程學(xué))”可推知，加根在求學(xué)過(guò)程中發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)STEM領(lǐng)域的女性很少，所以她想通過(guò)贏得英格蘭小姐頭銜來(lái)鼓勵(lì)更多女孩學(xué)習(xí)STEM。故選D項(xiàng)。CThebigFrenchpetcarecompanyAgroBiothersLaboratoirewillnolongersellverysmallcontainersforraisingfish.Thecompanyhasa27percentshareoftheFrenchmarketforproductsusedbypeoplewhoraiseanimalsathome.Butitsaiditwouldnolongersellanyfishbowlsthatholdlessthan15litersofwater.Theywillonlyofferfour-sidedones.Thecompanysaiditwasanimalabuse(虐待)toputfishinsmallbowlswithoutaddedoxygenandfiltration.Filtrationistheprocessofremovingsmallwastefromthewaterwithadevice.AgroBiotherschiefMatthieuLambeauxrecentlyusedtheterm“impulse”—meaningasuddenstrongdesiretodosomething—todescribewhymanyadultsbuygoldfish.“Peoplebuyagoldfishfortheirkidsonimpulse,butiftheyknewwhattortureitis,theywouldnotdoit.Turningroundandroundinasmallbowldrivesfishcrazyandkillsthemquickly,”Lambeauxadded.Goldfishcanliveupto30yearsandgrowtoabout25cminlargeaquariums(養(yǎng)魚(yú)缸)oroutdoorponds.Butinverysmallbowlstheyoftendiewithinweeksormonths.Lambeauxsaidgoldfisharesocialanimalsthatneedotherfish,lotsofspaceandcleanwater.Headdedthathavinganaquariumrequiressomespecialequipmentandknowledge.GermanyandseveralotherEuropeancountrieshavelongbanned(禁止)fishbowls,butFrancehasnolawsontheproblem.Lambeauxexplainedthecompany’sdecisionfurtherbysaying,“Wecannoteducateallourcustomersbyexplainingthatkeepingfishinabowlisterrible.Weconsiderthatitisourresponsibilitytonolongergivecustomersthatchoice.”“Thereisdemandforfishbowls,”hesaid,“buttherealityisthatwhatweofferchildrenisthepossibilityofseeinggoldfishdieslowly.”8.WhatmakestheFrenchcompanystopsellingcertainfishbowls?A.Theirsize. B.Theirprice.C.Theirweight. D.Theirpopularity.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“torture”probablyinparagraph4mean?A.Progress. B.Pleasure.C.Difficulty. D.Suffering.10.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Theagegoldfishcanreach. B.Costsofkeepinggoldfish.C.Properlivingconditionsforgoldfish. D.Theadviceonhowtochoosefishbowls.11.WhatdoesthecompanyprefertodobasedonLambeaux’swords?A.Raisethepriceofthefishbowls. B.Removethechancesofharminggoldfish.C.Keepgoldfishoutsideinthewild. D.Educateparentstocareforgoldfish.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了法國(guó)寵物護(hù)理公司AgroBiothersLaboratoire決定停止銷(xiāo)售特小的魚(yú)缸。該公司認(rèn)為把魚(yú)放在沒(méi)有增氧和過(guò)濾的小缸里是虐待行為。該公司決定不再給顧客提供這種選擇，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為這是一種責(zé)任?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butitsaiditwouldnolongersellanyfishbowlsthatholdlessthan15litersofwater.Theywillonlyofferfour-sidedones.(但該公司表示，將不再銷(xiāo)售容量低于15升水的魚(yú)缸。他們只提供四邊的。)”以及第三段中“Thecompanysaiditwasanimalabuse(虐待)toputfishinsmallbowlswithoutaddedoxygenandfiltration.(該公司表示，將魚(yú)放在沒(méi)有添加氧氣和過(guò)濾的小碗中是虐待動(dòng)物。過(guò)濾是用一種裝置從水中去除小廢物的過(guò)程。)”可知，該公司表示，將魚(yú)放在沒(méi)有添加氧氣和過(guò)濾的小碗中是虐待動(dòng)物，因此該公司表示，將不再銷(xiāo)售容量低于15升水的魚(yú)缸，即他們停止銷(xiāo)售某些魚(yú)缸是因?yàn)樗鼈兊拇笮?。故選A?！?題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)詞后面的內(nèi)容“Turningroundandroundinasmallbowldrivesfishcrazyandkillsthemquickly(在一個(gè)小碗里轉(zhuǎn)來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)去，會(huì)讓魚(yú)發(fā)瘋，很快就會(huì)死掉)”可知，人們會(huì)沖動(dòng)地給孩子買(mǎi)一條金魚(yú)，但如果他們知道小魚(yú)在一個(gè)小碗里轉(zhuǎn)來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)去，會(huì)讓魚(yú)發(fā)瘋，很快就會(huì)死掉，這對(duì)魚(yú)來(lái)說(shuō)是一種折磨，這樣他們就不會(huì)這么做了。故劃線(xiàn)詞與D選項(xiàng)“Suffering.(折磨，痛苦)”為同義詞。故選D?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段中“Goldfishcanliveupto30yearsandgrowtoabout25cminlargeaquariums(養(yǎng)魚(yú)缸)oroutdoorponds.

(金魚(yú)可以活到30歲，在大型水族館或室外池塘里可以長(zhǎng)到25厘米左右。)”以及“Lambeauxsaidgoldfisharesocialanimalsthatneedotherfish,lotsofspaceandcleanwater.(蘭比克斯說(shuō)，金魚(yú)是群居動(dòng)物，需要其他魚(yú)類(lèi)、大量的空間和干凈的水。)”可知，此處提到金魚(yú)需要大量的空間和清潔的水，即本段主要談?wù)摰氖墙痿~(yú)適宜的生活環(huán)境，故選C。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Lambeauxexplainedthecompany’sdecisionfurtherbysaying,“Wecannoteducateallourcustomersbyexplainingthatkeepingfishinabowlisterrible.Weconsiderthatitisourresponsibilitytonolongergivecustomersthatchoice.”(Lambeaux進(jìn)一步解釋了公司的決定，他說(shuō)：“我們不能通過(guò)解釋把魚(yú)放在碗里很糟糕來(lái)教育所有的顧客。我們認(rèn)為，我們有責(zé)任不再給客戶(hù)這樣的選擇?！?”可知，公司更愿意做的是消除對(duì)金魚(yú)的傷害。公司認(rèn)為將金魚(yú)放在小魚(yú)缸中是一種折磨，所以他們決定不再提供這個(gè)選擇。故選B。DGooglesaysanAI-poweredsystemitcreatedishelpingimprovetrafficflowinmajorcities.Thesystem,calledProjectGreenLight,isnowinusein12cities.Theprojectaimstosaveenergyandreduceairpollution,oremissions(排放量),fromcars.Googlefirstannouncedtheprogramin2021,whenitwastestingthesysteminfourareasofBritain.Sincethen,thecompanyhaskeptincreasingProjectGreenLight.AmongcitiesnowtakingpartintheprogramareBangalore,Budapest,Jakarta,Manchester,Haifa,Hamburg,RiodeJaneiro,andSeattle.Inanonlineannouncement,Google’sYossiMatiasexplainedthelatestprogress.Henotedthatthesystemisbeingtestedinareaswithserioustrafficproblems.Generally,thisisatmajorcrossingswithheavytrafficandcomplextrafficlights.Theseareaswherevehiclesstartandstopareknownascrossroads.Thecompanysaidresearchhasshownthatatsuchcrossroads,caremissionscanbe29timeshigherthanonopenroads.Inaddition,Google’sownresearchfoundthatvehiclesthatmuststopandstartaccountforabouthalfofthoseemissions.ProjectGreenLightusesindividual(個(gè)人的)driverdatafromGoogleMaps.ThisdataisconnectedwithAImethodstoproducemodelsofeachcrossroadswherethesystemisinplace,thecompanysays.ThedatafromGoogleMapsisalsousedtocreateanothermodelonhowdifferenttrafficlightsinteract(相互作用).Themodelingprocessforcrossroadsconsidersseveralthings.Theseincludethestructureofstreets,trafficconditions,signalschedulingandhowthevehiclesinteractwithlights.Themodelsareusedtoreducestopandstarttimesandsavemoredrivingtime,aprocesscalledoptimization(最優(yōu)化).Googlesaysonegoalistoimproveseveralcrossroadsatthesametimetocreate“wavesofgreenlights”forvehiclesontheroad.12.WhatdidYossiMatiasintendtotellus?A.Whenthesystemstarted. B.Wherethesystemisused.C.Howadvancedthesystemis. D.Howheavythecitytrafficis.13.What’stheproblemwiththecarsatthecrossroads?A.Theyslowdownthetraffic. B.Theycausemoretrafficaccidents.C.Theyoftenbreaktrafficrules. D.Theymakemuchpollution.14.WhatisthegoalofProjectGreenLight?A.Tomakedrivingcarssafer. B.Tomakethestreetcleaner.C.Tomakethetrafficsmoother. D.Tomakepeopledrivemore.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AIIsChangingLooksofCitiesB.AI-PoweredSystemIsImprovingCityTrafficC.City’sTrafficLightSystemNeedsImprovementD.CityStreetsAreGettingMoreandMoreCrowded【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了Google開(kāi)發(fā)的一個(gè)名為“綠燈計(jì)劃”的人工智能系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)旨在改善大城市的交通流量，節(jié)約能源并減少汽車(chē)排放造成的空氣污染，對(duì)于減少城市污染和改善交通狀況具有重要意義?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inanonlineannouncement,Google’sYossiMatiasexplainedthelatestprogress.Henotedthatthesystemisbeingtestedinareaswithserioustrafficproblems.Generally,thisisatmajorcrossingswithheavytrafficandcomplextrafficlights.(在一份在線(xiàn)聲明中，谷歌的YossiMatias解釋了最新的進(jìn)展。他指出，該系統(tǒng)正在交通問(wèn)題嚴(yán)重的地區(qū)進(jìn)行測(cè)試。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，這是在交通繁忙和交通信號(hào)燈復(fù)雜的主要十字路口)”可知，YossiMatias想告訴我們這一系統(tǒng)在哪些地方使用。故選B項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thecompanysaidresearchhasshownthatatsuchcrossroads,caremissionscanbe29timeshigherthanonopenroads.(該公司表示，研究表明，在這樣的十字路口，汽車(chē)的排放量可能比開(kāi)放道路高出29倍)”可知，汽車(chē)在十字路口排放量可能比開(kāi)放道路高出29倍，會(huì)制造了很多污染。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“GooglesaysanAl-poweredsystemitcreatedishelpingimprovetrafficflowinmajorcities.Thesystem,calledProjectGreenLight,isnowinusein12cities.(谷歌表示，他們開(kāi)發(fā)的人工智能系統(tǒng)正在幫助改善大城市的交通狀況。該系統(tǒng)被稱(chēng)為“綠燈計(jì)劃”，目前已在12個(gè)城市投入使用)”和最后一段中“Themodelsareusedtoreducestopandstarttimesandsavemoredrivingtime,aprocesscalledoptimization(最優(yōu)化).(這些模型被用來(lái)減少停車(chē)和啟動(dòng)時(shí)間，節(jié)省更多的駕駛時(shí)間，這一過(guò)程被稱(chēng)為優(yōu)化)”可推知，綠燈計(jì)劃的目標(biāo)是改善大城市的交通狀況，使交通更順暢。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“GooglesaysanAl-poweredsystemitcreatedishelpingimprovetrafficflowinmajorcities.Thesystem,calledProjectGreenLight,isnowinusein12cities.(谷歌表示，他們開(kāi)發(fā)的人工智能系統(tǒng)正在幫助改善大城市的交通狀況。該系統(tǒng)被稱(chēng)為“綠燈計(jì)劃”，目前已在12個(gè)城市投入使用)”和最后一段中“Themodelsareusedtoreducestopandstarttimesandsavemoredrivingtime,aprocesscalledoptimization(最優(yōu)化).Googlesaysonegoalistoimproveseveralcrossroadsatthesametimetocreate“wavesofgreenlights”forvehiclesontheroad.(這些模型被用來(lái)減少停車(chē)和啟動(dòng)時(shí)間，節(jié)省更多的駕駛時(shí)間，這一過(guò)程被稱(chēng)為優(yōu)化。谷歌表示，目標(biāo)之一是同時(shí)改善多個(gè)十字路口，為道路上的車(chē)輛創(chuàng)造“綠燈波”)”可知，本文主要介紹了Google開(kāi)發(fā)的一個(gè)名為“綠燈計(jì)劃”的人工智能系統(tǒng)，它可以幫助改善大城市的交通狀況。由此可知，“AI-PoweredSystemIsImprovingCityTraffic(人工智能系統(tǒng)正在改善城市交通)”是文章的最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。BenefitsofWalkinginColdWeatherAswinterblanketstheworldinacoatoficeandfreshcoldair,theideaofgoingoutdoorsforawalkmightseemlessattractive.____16____Walkingincoldweathercomeswithalotofhealthbenefitsthatmightjustmakeittheperfectseasontoputonyourshoesandhittheroadway.StrengthenedImmuneSystemRemainingincoldertemperaturescanactuallyimproveyourimmune(免疫的)system.Asyourbodyadaptstothecold,itproducesmorewhitebloodcells.____17____Regularcold-weatherwalksmighthelpmakeastrongerimmunereaction,lettingyoustayhealthierthroughoutthewinterseason.HighSpiritsThewinterblues,alsoknownasSeasonalAffectiveDisorder(SAD),canaffectmanyindividualsduringthecoldermonths.Fortunately,walkingincoldweatherhasbeenlinkedtoimprovedemotionandreducedsignsofsadness.Thefreshairandphysicalactivityinspiretheproductionofendorphins,thebody’snaturalemotionenhancers(增強(qiáng)劑).____18____ImprovedhealthandenergylevelCold-weatherwalkingcanprovideanexcellentheartworkout.Thecombinationoflightmovementandthebody’sreactiontothecoldincreaseshearthealthbyimprovingcirculation(血液循環(huán))andloweringbloodpressure.Overtime,thiscanmakeyourbloodsystemhealthier.____19____Instead,walkinginthefreshaircanmakeyoursensesenergeticandincreaseoverallenergylevels.Thephysicalactivityandstayinnaturallightworktogethertoreducefeelingsoftiredness,leavingyoufeelingmoreactiveandreadytodealwiththeday.So,asthewinterwindsblowandsnowflakesfall,considerwearingyourwarmclothesandtakingawalkoutside.____20____Itisalsohelpfultomentalwellbeingandoverallenergy.A.Thecoldweatherdoesnotcostenergy.B.Theyplayakeyroleinfightingoffdiseases.C.Winter,especially,isanopportunitytogoslowly.D.Theyleaveyoufeelingmorepositiveandexcited.E.However,don’tletthecoldtemperaturespreventyou.F.Leteachwalkbeabigsteptowardsahealthier,happieryou.G.Thebenefitsofwalkingincoldweathergobeyondphysicalhealth.【答案】16.E17.B18.D19.A20.G【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了在寒冷天氣散步的好處?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Aswinterblanketstheworldinacoatoficeandfreshcoldair,theideaofgoingoutdoorsforawalkmightseemlessattractive.(當(dāng)冬天給世界覆蓋上一層冰和新鮮的冷空氣時(shí)，到戶(hù)外散步的想法似乎不那么有吸引力了)”以及后文“Walkingincoldweathercomeswithalotofhealthbenefitsthatmightjustmakeittheperfectseasontoputonyourshoesandhittheroadway.(在寒冷的天氣里散步對(duì)健康有很多好處，這可能會(huì)讓它成為穿上鞋子上路的完美季節(jié))”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出寒冷的天氣不應(yīng)該阻止你外出。故E選項(xiàng)“然而，不要讓寒冷的氣溫阻止你”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。【17題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Asyourbodyadaptstothecold,itproducesmorewhitebloodcells.(當(dāng)你的身體適應(yīng)寒冷時(shí)，它會(huì)產(chǎn)生更多的白細(xì)胞)”可知，本句承接上文說(shuō)明白細(xì)胞的作用。故B選項(xiàng)“它們?cè)诘挚辜膊》矫嫫鹬P(guān)鍵作用”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。【18題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thefreshairandphysicalactivityinspiretheproductionofendorphins,thebody’snaturalemotionenhancers(增強(qiáng)劑).(新鮮的空氣和體育活動(dòng)激發(fā)內(nèi)啡肽的產(chǎn)生，內(nèi)啡肽是身體自然的情緒增強(qiáng)劑)”可知，本句為本段最后一句，故承接上文“內(nèi)啡肽是身體自然的情緒增強(qiáng)劑”具體說(shuō)明內(nèi)啡肽帶來(lái)的情緒感受。故D選項(xiàng)“他們會(huì)讓你感覺(jué)更積極、更興奮”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Instead,walkinginthefreshaircanmakeyoursensesenergeticandincreaseoverallenergylevels.Thephysicalactivityandstayinnaturallightworktogethertoreducefeelingsoftiredness,leavingyoufeelingmoreactiveandreadytodealwiththeday.(相反，在新鮮空氣中散步可以使你的感官充滿(mǎn)活力，提高整體能量水平。體育鍛煉和在自然光下鍛煉可以減少疲勞，讓你感覺(jué)更有活力，準(zhǔn)備好迎接新的一天)”可知，后文提到在新鮮空氣中散步可以使你的感官充滿(mǎn)活力，提高整體能量水平，即不會(huì)消耗精力。故A選項(xiàng)“寒冷的天氣不消耗精力”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“So,asthewinterwindsblowandsnowflakesfall,considerwearingyourwarmclothesandtakingawalkoutside.(所以，當(dāng)冬天的風(fēng)吹著，雪花飄落的時(shí)候，考慮穿上保暖的衣服，到外面走走)”以及后文“Itisalsohelpfultomentalwellbeingandoverallenergy.(它也有助于心理健康和整體能量)”可知，本句是在說(shuō)明寒冷天氣散步的好處，后文提到了對(duì)心理健康的好處，可知本句是在說(shuō)明對(duì)身體的好處。故G選項(xiàng)“在寒冷的天氣里散步的好處不僅僅是身體健康”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Aherosheepdogbecametheguidinglightofhopeforthreetrappedsheepasitswamacrossdangerousfloodedfieldsto____21____themtosafety.LlyrDerwydd,a44-year-oldfarmercomingfromtheareaofRuthin,____22____himselfinadangeroussituationonaFridayafternoon.While____23____hissheepinFlintshireasusual,herealizedasadfact—threesheepwerehelplesslytrappedonasmallpieceoflandwithinthefield,cutoffbythe____24____.Consideringthedangerousconditionsthatthefloodcaused,the____25____requiredaspecialhero.Inthisseriousmoment,____26____thatherowasnoneotherthanthequick-thinkingsheepdog,Patsy.Mr.Derwyddtalkedaboutthesadexperience,stating,“Werealizedweneededtoact____27____toensurethesafetyofthetrappedsheep.Thepieceoflandtheywereonwas____28____veryfast,andthegreatdangerwasincreasing.”Inordertorescuethesheep,hemadea____29____.Withasenseofurgency(緊急)intheair,hewonderedwhetherPatsy,hiscleversheepdog,woulddealwiththeproblem.Asilent_____30_____wasmade,andPatsy,withstrongdetermination,tookabravetry.Itwasamomentfilledwith_____31____,asthetruedepthofthewaterremainedunknown.Yet,Patsy’sbornswimming_____32_____andstrongdeterminationpushedherforward.Withouthesitation(猶豫),shebravedthedangerouswatersto_____33_____thetrappedsheep.Mr.Derwyddsharedhis_____34_____,saying,“Iknewshewasagoodswimmer,orIwouldn’ttakethe_____35_____.However,Iwasquitesurprisedbyhercourageandskill.”21.A.force B.carry C.guide D.attract22.A.hid B.found C.imagined D.reminded23.A.checking B.describing C.comparing D.selling24.A.snow B.water C.fire D.smoke25.A.lecture B.recovery C.rescue D.experiment26.A.equally B.suddenly C.luckily D.obviously27.A.inreturn B.intime C.inperson D.insecret28.A.reducing B.improving C.rising D.sliding29.A.call B.promise C.decision D.comment30.A.wish B.order C.warning D.suggestion31.A.danger B.regret C.hope D.fun32.A.goals B.curiosity C.ways D.ability33.A.catch B.feed C.reach D.stop34.A.responsibility B.amazement C.confidence D.awkwardness35.A.risk B.time C.lead D.place【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.B25.C26.D27.B28.A29.C30.B31.A32.D33.C34.B35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了牧羊犬帕齊勇敢地游過(guò)洪水淹沒(méi)的田野，成功帶領(lǐng)三只被困小羊到達(dá)安全的地方的故事。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一只英雄牧羊犬成為三只被困羊的希望之光，它游過(guò)危險(xiǎn)的被洪水淹沒(méi)的田地，帶領(lǐng)它們到達(dá)安全的地方。A.force力量；B.carry攜帶；C.guide帶領(lǐng)；D.attract吸引。根據(jù)上文“Aherosheepdogbecametheguidinglightofhopeforthreetrappedsheepasitswamacrossdangerousfloodedfields”可知，三只羊被洪水所困，所以牧羊犬是帶領(lǐng)它們走出困境到達(dá)安全的地方。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)周五的下午，44歲的農(nóng)民萊爾·德懷德發(fā)現(xiàn)自己陷入了危險(xiǎn)的境地。A.hid隱藏；B.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.imagined想象；D.reminded提醒。根據(jù)下文“...himselfinadangeroussituation”可知，德懷德發(fā)現(xiàn)自己陷入困境；findoneselfin...“(突然)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己陷入”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他像往常一樣在弗林特郡檢查他的羊時(shí)，他意識(shí)到一個(gè)可悲的事實(shí)——三只羊無(wú)助地困在田野里的一小塊被洪水隔斷土地上。A.checking檢查；B.describing描述；C.comparing比較；D.selling出售。根據(jù)下文“herealizedasadfact—threesheepwerehelplesslytrappedonasmallpieceoflandwithinthefield”可知，德懷德是檢查清點(diǎn)自己的羊。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他像往常一樣在弗林特郡檢查他的羊時(shí)，他意識(shí)到一個(gè)可悲的事實(shí)——三只羊無(wú)助地困在田野里的一小塊被洪水隔斷土地上。A.snow雪；B.water水；C.fire火；D.smoke煙。根據(jù)下文“Consideringthedangerousconditionsthatthefloodcaused”可知，是洪水造成的險(xiǎn)境，所以田野里的小塊土地是被水分隔斷。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：考慮到洪水造成的危險(xiǎn)情況，這次救援需要一位特殊的英雄。A.lecture演講；B.recovery康復(fù)；C.rescue援救；D.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)下文“aspecialhero”可知，需要特殊英雄來(lái)援救三只羊。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在這個(gè)危急的時(shí)刻，這位英雄顯然不是別人，正是思維敏捷的牧羊犬帕齊。A.equally平等地；B.suddenly突然地；C.luckily幸運(yùn)地；D.obviously顯然地。根據(jù)下文“noneotherthanthequick-thinkingsheepdog,Patsy”可知，思維敏捷的牧羊犬帕齊是顯而易見(jiàn)的最佳人選。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我們意識(shí)到我們需要及時(shí)采取行動(dòng)，以確保被困羊群的安全。A.inreturn作為回報(bào)；B.intime及時(shí)地；C.inperson親自；D.insecret秘密地。根據(jù)下文“Thepieceoflandtheywereonwasveryfast,andthegreatdangerwasincreasing.”可知，危險(xiǎn)在增加，所以必須及時(shí)采取行動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。【28題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們所在的那塊土地正在迅速縮小，巨大的危險(xiǎn)正在增加。A.reducing減少；B.improving改善；C.rising上升；D.sliding滑動(dòng)。根據(jù)下文“thegreatdangerwasincreasing”可推知，那小塊土地面積在縮小，所以危險(xiǎn)在增加。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了救羊，他做了決定。A.call呼叫；B.promise承諾；C.decision決定；D.comment評(píng)論。根據(jù)上文“thegreatdangerwasincreasing”和“Inordertorescuethesheep”可知，情況緊迫，為了救羊，德懷德做出了營(yíng)救決定。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們默默地下了命令，帕齊懷著堅(jiān)定的決心，勇敢地試了試。A.wish祝愿；B.order命令；C.warning警告；D.suggestion建議。根據(jù)下文“andPatsy,withstrongdetermination,tookabravetry”可知，德懷德下了命令，帕齊開(kāi)始行動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)充滿(mǎn)危險(xiǎn)的時(shí)刻，因?yàn)樗恼嬲疃热匀晃粗?。A.danger危險(xiǎn)；B.regret后悔；C.hope希望；D.fun樂(lè)趣。根據(jù)下文“asthetruedepthofthewaterremainedunknown”可知，不知道水的真正深度，所以是一個(gè)充滿(mǎn)危險(xiǎn)的時(shí)刻。故選A項(xiàng)。【32題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，帕齊天生的游泳能力和堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的決心推動(dòng)著她前進(jìn)。A.goals目標(biāo)；B.curiosity好奇心；C.ways方法；D.ability能力。根據(jù)上文“born”可知，帕齊有天生的游泳能力。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她毫不猶豫地冒著危險(xiǎn)的洪水去幫助被困的羊。A.catch捕捉；B.feed喂養(yǎng)；C.reach為……提供幫助；D.stop停止。根據(jù)上文“Yet,Patsy’sbornswimmingandstrongdeterminationpushedherforward.Withouthesitation(猶豫),shebravedthedangerouswaters”可知，帕齊向被困的三只羊游去，去幫助它們。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：德懷德也很驚訝，他說(shuō)：“我知道她游泳游得很好，否則我不會(huì)冒這個(gè)險(xiǎn)。然而，我對(duì)她的勇氣和技巧感到驚訝?！?。A.responsibility責(zé)任；B.amazement驚訝；C.confidence自信；D.awkwardness尷尬。根據(jù)下文“However,Iwasquitesurprisedbyhercourageandskill.”可知，德懷德對(duì)帕齊的勇氣和技巧感到吃驚。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：德懷德也很驚訝，他說(shuō)：“我知道她游泳游得很好，否則我不會(huì)冒這個(gè)險(xiǎn)。然而，我對(duì)她的勇氣和技巧感到驚訝。”。A.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；B.time時(shí)間；C.lead領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；D.place地點(diǎn)。根據(jù)上文“Iknewshewasagoodswimmer,orIwouldn’ttakethe”可知，德懷德對(duì)帕齊的能力充滿(mǎn)信心，否則不會(huì)讓它去冒險(xiǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分15分)語(yǔ)法填空Acupuncture(針灸),anancientChinesemedicalpractice,hasbeenthetreatmentforlotsofpatientsforthousandsofyears.Beforemodernmedicine____36____(final)cametolife,ancientChineseusedstonetools____37____(reduce)pain.Overtime,thismethodhasturned____38____amedicalsystemandformedthebaseofacupuncture.Asatreatment____39____aimstobetterthebody’sself-recoveringfunctions,acupuncturestressestreatingasickpersonasawhole,balancingbodilyfunctions____40____improvingoverallphysicalwell-being.Practicescanbedifferentinforms,includingneedleinsertion(扎針),cuppingandrubbing.Needleinsertion,themostcommonmethod,iscarriedoutby____41____(put)hair-thinneedlesintomeridians(經(jīng)絡(luò)),orspecificpointsonthebody.LookingbeyondChina,acupuncturehasbecomeaglobaltreatment.Inthepast50years,acupuncture____42____(see)manydevelopmentsinscientificresearchandmodernmedicine.Itisnowapopulartreatmentfor____43____varietyofdiseases.Accordingtoa2019WHOreport,acupunctureisusedin113ofthe120membercountries,showing____44____(it)widespreadapplication.AsanancientChinesemedicalpractice,acupuncturehasarichhistoryandmuchcultural_____45_____(important).【答案】36.finally37.toreduce38.into39.that/which40.and41.putting42.hasseen43.a44.its45.importance【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了針灸的起源、實(shí)踐、治療原則以及在全球的廣泛得到應(yīng)用和認(rèn)可?！?6題詳析】考查副詞。句意：在現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)最終出現(xiàn)之前，古代中國(guó)人使用石器來(lái)減輕疼痛。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用final的副詞finally作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞。故填finally。【37題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：同上。分析句子，句中構(gòu)成usesthtodosth的結(jié)構(gòu)。故填toreduce。【38題詳析】考查介詞。句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，這種方法已經(jīng)變成了一種醫(yī)療系統(tǒng)，并形成了針灸的基礎(chǔ)。分析句子，句中turninto為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“轉(zhuǎn)變，變?yōu)椤薄９侍頸nto?！?9題詳析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：作為一種旨在改善身體自我恢復(fù)功能的治療方法，針灸強(qiáng)調(diào)將病人作為一個(gè)整體來(lái)治療，平衡身體功能，提高整體身體健康。分析句子，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞treatment，為物。用that或者which。故填that或者which?！?0題詳析】考查連詞。句意：同上。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用連詞，將treating；balancing以及improving進(jìn)行連接，此處構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系。故填and?！?1題詳析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)