安徽省蚌埠市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末學(xué)業(yè)水平檢測(cè)英語試題【含答案解析】

蚌埠市2024—2025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末學(xué)業(yè)水平監(jiān)測(cè)高二英語時(shí)間:120分鐘分值:150分注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名和座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Practicetennis.B.Attendaviolinlesson.C.Takeadanceclass.2.WhereisGill?A.Inthegarden.B.Inthelibrary.C.Intheflowershop.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?AAthome.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inahotel.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkcausestheman'sproblem?A.Hislowchair.B.Hisbrokendesk.C.Hisoldmouse.5.Whywasthemanunabletovisitthewoman?A.Hegotawrongaddress.B.HefailedtostopinMaine.C.Hedidn'tknowheraddress.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Thebusstop.B.TheBakeryShop.C.TheCityBank.7.Whenwillthenextbusleave?A.Atabout7:30.B.Atabout8:30.C.Atabout9:30.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whendidthewomanplantotakehervacation?A.Thismonth.B.Nextmonth.C.Twomonthslater.9.Whatdoesthemanexpectthewomantodo?A.Travelwithhim.B.Postponehertrip.C.Comfortherhusband.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Roommates.11.WhatdoesBillsayabouttheapartment?A.Itwassmall.B.Itwasexpensive.C.Itwasmessy.12.WhatdoesthewomansuggestBilldo?A.Findmoreinformationonline.B.Turntohisclassmatesforhelp.C.Buysomefurniturebyhimself.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatistheman?A.Awriter.B.Anactor.C.Ashopassistant.14.Howarethejobsorganizedbytheman?A.Bycountry.B.Byindustry.C.Bysalary.15.Inwhichaspectdofoodstylistshelp?A.Transportation.B.Production.C.Advertising.16.WhichindustryisBradFieldsin?A.Thefoodindustry.B.Thecleaningindustry.C.Thefilmindustry.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatistheonlyrequirementonthephotosforthisyear'scompetition?A.Thecolor.B.Thetopic.C.Thesize.18.Whatisthefirstprize?A.Acamera.B.Aphotographybook.C.Freephotographylessons.19.Whatisthespeakerdoingnow?A.Hostingaprogram.B.Readinganewspaper.C.Havinganinterview.20.Howlongwilltheexhibitionlast?A.Twodays.B.Fivedays.C.Eightdays.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHerearefourofthemosticonicplacesworldwide.Besidesmanyincredibleattractions,theselandmarksalsohavegreatworkexchangeopportunities,forthoselookingtosavemoneyorhaveauniqueculturalexperience.GoldenGateBridge,USAKnownforitsrusticredcolor,theGoldenGateBridgewasbuiltinthe1930sandwasthetallestandlongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld.ThebridgeisoneofthebesticonicplacesinSanFrancisco,andyoucanstayinthecityonabudgetbyvolunteeringatayogastudio.BanffNationalPark,CanadaHometoalpinepeaks,glaciallakes,andthefamousIcefieldsParkwayscenicdrive,Banffisaheavenforloversofnaturalbeautyandadventure.Acoolworkexchangetotryisthisfamily-runicecreamshopinTwinButte,just3.5hoursawayfromBanffNationalPark.Stayinalocalfamilyhomeandhelpwithrunningtheshopaswellasanimalcare.BalboaPark,USATheBalboaParkisoneofthemostvisitedtouristattractionsinSanDiego,USA.Theparkisfullofhistory,architecture,art,andbeautifulnature.Youcouldspendanentiredayexploringthisoasis(綠洲)ofcultureinSanDiego.AnyexperiencedvideographersvisitingSanDiegoshouldconsiderthisworkexchange!TheGreatPyramidofGiza,EgyptAstheoldestoftheSevenWondersoftheAncientWorld,andtheonlyonethatstillremainswell-preservedtoday,theGreatPyramidofGizaisatrulyfantasticsight.It’sthelargestpyramidinEgyptandwasbuiltintheearly26thCenturyBC.YoucanactuallyworkataguesthouseinCairo,whereyoucanseethepyramidsdirectly!1.WhatcanweknowabouttheGoldenGateBridgeintheUSA?A.Thelongestbridgeintheworld. B.ThebestscenicspotinSanFrancisco.C.Manyvolunteersatyogastudios. D.Thebridgewithalmostacenturyofhistory.2.WhatdoBanffNationalParkandBalboaParkhaveincommon?A.Fullofamazingnaturalviews. B.Hometoglaciallakes.C.Suitableforadventuroustours. D.Idealsitesforvideographers.3.WhatmakestheGreatPyramidofGizatrulywonderful?A.Itslocationandview. B.Itscultureandactivities.C.Itsheightandhistory. D.Itshistoryandpreservation.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】文章體裁為應(yīng)用文，介紹了世界上四個(gè)標(biāo)志性的地點(diǎn)以及這些地點(diǎn)提供的工作交換機(jī)會(huì)。主旨是向讀者推薦這些著名旅游景點(diǎn)，同時(shí)提供了節(jié)約成本或有獨(dú)特文化體驗(yàn)的工作交換機(jī)會(huì)，讓讀者在游覽這些地方時(shí)能夠有更加豐富的體驗(yàn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一個(gè)小標(biāo)題“GoldenGateBridge,USA”下“theGoldenGateBridgewasbuiltinthe1930s(金門大橋建于上世紀(jì)30年代)”表明金門大橋建于上世紀(jì)30年代，使其幾乎有一個(gè)世紀(jì)的歷史。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二個(gè)小標(biāo)題“BanffNationalPark,Canada”下“Hometoalpinepeaks,glaciallakes,andthefamousIcefieldsParkwayscenicdrive,Banffisaheavenforloversofnaturalbeautyandadventure.(班夫國家公園擁有高山峰、冰川湖泊和著名的冰原公路風(fēng)景道，是自然美景和冒險(xiǎn)愛好者的天堂。)”和第三個(gè)小標(biāo)題“BalboaPark,USA”下“Theparkisfullofhistory,architecture,art,andbeautifulnature.(這個(gè)公園充滿了歷史、建筑、藝術(shù)和美麗的自然風(fēng)景。)”表明班夫國家公園和巴爾博亞公園都以其充滿令人贊嘆的自然之美而聞名，故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第四個(gè)小標(biāo)題“TheGreatPyramidofGiza,Egypt”下“AstheoldestoftheSevenWondersoftheAncientWorld,andtheonlyonethatstillremainswell-preservedtoday,theGreatPyramidofGizaisatrulyfantasticsight.(作為世界七大古跡中最古老的建筑，也是僅存并保存完好的一個(gè)，吉薩大金字塔是一個(gè)真正的奇觀。)”表明吉薩金字塔被認(rèn)為是真正的奇跡，因?yàn)樗瞧叽蠊糯澜缙孥E中最古老的建筑且保存完好。所以吉薩大金字塔的真正奇妙之處它的歷史和保護(hù)。故選D項(xiàng)。BWewerestandingatthetopofachurchtower.Isawtwistingstreetsleadingtothesquare.“See,mydear,”Fathersaidgently.“Thereismorethanonewaytothesquare.”Father’swordsalwaysguidedme.Dreamingofbecomingafashiondesigner,IcametoParis,butwithoutluck.ThenonedayImetafriendwearingabeautifulsweater.“Whataninterestingstitch!”Icried.“ItwasdonebyMrs.Vidian,”myfriendexplained.“ShelearnedthestitchinArmenia,hernativecountry.”SuddenlyIhadadaringidea.Whynotdesign,makeandsellmyownclothes?IdrewabutterflypatternandaskedMrs.Vidiantoknititintoasweater.Itprovedasuccess.ANewYorkstorewanted40sweaterstobereadyintwoweeks.Iacceptedtheorder.Myhappinessdisappeared,however,whenMrs.Vidiantoldmeittookheralmostaweektoknitonesweater.Iwascrushed.ThenIrememberedfather’swords.TheremustbeotherArmenianwomeninPariswhomasteredthespecialstitch.ThenIsearchedforanyArmenianslivinginParis.AtlastItrackeddownseveral.Twoweekslater,thefirstshipmentwasonitswaytotheUnitedStates!Fromthatdayonorderspouredin.Thencameanothertest.AsIwasbusygettingreadytoshowmywinterfashions,thesewinggirlswerecalledoutonstrike.Wherewasthewayoutthistime?Iwonderedandworried.Thenitdawnedonme.Iworkedhurriedly.Andrightontime,myshowtookplace.Somecoatshadnosleeves;somewereonlypatternsmadeofheavycottoncloth,butontheseIattachedmaterialtoshowwhatcolorsandtexturestheclotheswouldhavewhentheywerefinished.Whatashow!Onceagainfather’swordshelpedme.4.Whatproblemdidthewriterfaceafteracceptingtheorder?A.ItwasimpossibleforVidiantomeetthedeadline. B.Thesewinggirlswerecalledoutonstrike.C.ShefoundithardtotrackArmenianslivinginParis. D.Therewasashortageofsuitablecloth.5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thefirstshipment”refertoinParagraph4?A.Rawmaterials. B.Moreorders. C.Thefortysweaters. D.Thespecialstitch.6.Howdidthewriterdealwiththeshowproblem?A.Sheputofftheshow. B.Sheshowedtheclothesunfinished.C.Sheemployedmoresewinggirls. D.Shecompletedtheclothesinahurry.7.Whichofthefollowingmightthewriteragreewith?A.Practicemakesperfect. B.Likefather,likeson.C.Easiersaidthandone. D.AllroadsleadtoRome.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了父親說過的“通往廣場(chǎng)的路不止一條”的話一直在指引著作者，幫助作者度過一次次難關(guān)。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Myhappinessdisappeared,however,whenMrs.Vidiantoldmeittookheralmostaweektoknitonesweater.(然而，當(dāng)Vidian太太告訴我，她織一件毛衣幾乎要花一個(gè)星期的時(shí)間時(shí)，我的快樂消失了)”可知，作者在接受訂單后，Vidian不可能在最后期限前完成任務(wù)。故選A。【5題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“ANewYorkstorewanted40sweaterstobereadyintwoweeks.Iacceptedtheorder.(一家紐約商店希望在兩周內(nèi)準(zhǔn)備好40件毛衣。我接受了訂單)”以及劃線詞上文“ThenIsearchedforanyArmenianslivinginParis.AtlastItrackeddownseveral.”可知，作者找了幾個(gè)住在巴黎的亞美尼亞人來完成這四十件毛衣。故劃線詞指的是“四十件毛衣”。故選C。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Somecoatshadnosleeves;somewereonlypattersmadeofheavycottoncloth,butontheseIattachedmaterialtoshowwhatcolorsandtexturestheclotheswouldhavewhentheywerefinished.(有些外套沒有袖子；有些只是用厚棉布做成的圖案，但我在這些圖案上附上了布料，以顯示衣服完成后的顏色和質(zhì)地)”可知，作者通過展示了未完成的衣服處理展示問題。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Wewerestandingatthetopofachurchtower.Isawtwistingstreetsleadingtothesquare.“See,mydear,”Fathersaidgently.“Thereismorethanonewaytothesquare.”(我們站在教堂的塔頂上。我看到蜿蜒曲折的街道通向廣場(chǎng)。“看，親愛的，”父親溫柔地說。“通往廣場(chǎng)的路不止一條。”)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了父親說過的“通往廣場(chǎng)的路不止一條”的話一直在指引著作者，幫助作者度過一次次難關(guān)。可推知，作者認(rèn)同“條條大路通羅馬”。故選D。CTheElephantProjectisapurpose-drivencompanywhichtriestoprotectandrecovertheworld’selephantpopulation.Thisall-femaleorganizationbeganwhenfounderKristianMcKeansawtheinhumane(不人道的)treatmentofelephantsinThailand,andagainbackintheUnitedStateswithcircusanimals.Determinedtofindawaytosupportelephantcauses,Kristinausedherproductdevelopmentbackgroundtodesignadorable,huggableelephantdollsshenamedKikiandTembo.Childrenandmanyadultsaredrawntothestuffedanimals.Theseelephantscomewithfuneducationalmaterialstospreadthewordaboutthedangerousworldelephantslivein.Meanwhile,thecompany’smissionisclearandsupportedbyitsdonationstoorganizationsthatcareforelephantsinneed.Infact,100%oftheprofitfromeachsailofKikiandTembogoestosuppliesandaidforabusedandinjuredelephantsthroughTheSheldrickWildlifeTrustinKenyaandTheElephantNatureParkinThailand.TheElephantProjectalsocontributestoeffortstoendillegalelephanthunting.Ofcourse,evenwithoutthenotablemissionofthecompany,theselittledollsaregiftabletochildren.Kiki,whosenamemeans“newlife”,wearsalittlepinkoutfit(套裝).Meanwhile,Tembo,meaning“elephant”inSwahili,wearsagreenoutfit.AnewreleasefeaturesBabyChaba,ababyelephantnamedafterarealbabywhowasrescuedalongsidehermotherbyLekChailert,thefounderoftheTheElephantNaturePark,inAugust2021.ThepurchasecomeswithBabyChabaandabookthatexplainsherstory.TheElephantProjectwebsiteshowsalistofelephantsthathavealreadybenefitedfromthecompany,withabitofhistoryabouteachelephant’ssituationandprogress.Themissionhasnowalsospreadtosupportgtherescueandrehabilitation(修復(fù))ofbigcatswholikeelephantsandotherwildlife,sufferfromnhumanetreatment,competitionforresourcesandlossofhabitat.8.WhatdroveKristiantofoundTheElephantProject?A.Herdeeploveandempathyfortheabusedanimals.B.HerwitnesstotheabusedelephantsinThailandandAmerica.C.Herintentiontoprotectandrecovertheworld’swildanimals.D.Hercompany’smakingprofitfromthesailofKikiandTembo.9.WhatdoyouknowaboutKikiandTembo?A.OnlychildrenshowsomeadorationonKikiandTembo.B.KikiandTembowasnoteasytohuginwhenbeingdesigned.C.KikiandTemboaredesignedonlytomakesomemoney.D.ManyadultsalsoshowsomeinterestinKikiandTembo.10.WheredoestheprofitfromthesailofKikiandTembogo?A.Toprotecttheenvironmentinthedevelopingcountries.B.TosupplyandaidabusedelephantsinKenyaandThailand.C.ToprotectwildanimalsfrombeingillegallyhuntedinKenya.D.MainlytosupporttheoperationofTheElephantProject.11Whatmightbethebesttitleofthearticle?A.AnAbusedElephantwasRescuedbyaCompanyB.EveryoneshouldTrytoProtecttheAbusedElephantC.ACompanySetsouttoSaveAbusedElephantsD.KikiandTembohaveFoundaWayintotheMarket.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。這篇文章的主旨是介紹一個(gè)名為“TheElephantProject”的旨在保護(hù)和恢復(fù)世界象種群的公司。該公司由KristianMcKean創(chuàng)立，她目睹了泰國和美國馬戲團(tuán)中對(duì)待大象的不人道行為，因此決定以可愛的大象玩偶為媒介來提高人們對(duì)大象困境的認(rèn)識(shí)，并支持關(guān)心受虐和受傷大象的組織?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Thisall-femaleorganizationbeganwhenfounderKristianMcKeansawtheinhumane(不人道的)treatmentofelephantsinThailand,andagainbackintheUnitedStateswithcircusanimals.(這個(gè)全女性組織始于創(chuàng)始人克里斯蒂安·麥基恩（KristianMcKean）在泰國看到大象受到不人道的待遇，并再次回到美國與馬戲團(tuán)動(dòng)物在一起。)”可知，KristianMcKean在泰國以及回國后在美國的所見所聞使她創(chuàng)立了大象計(jì)劃，故選B項(xiàng)。9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Childrenandmanyadultsaredrawntothestuffedanimals.(兒童和許多成年人都被毛絨玩具所吸引。)”可知，很多成年人對(duì)KikiandTembo也感興趣，故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“Infact,100%oftheprofitfromeachsailofKikiandTembogoestosuppliesandaidforabusedandinjuredelephantsthroughTheSheldrickWildlifeTrustinKenyaandTheElephantNatureParkinThailand.(事實(shí)上，Kiki和Tembo號(hào)每艘船的利潤100%都通過肯尼亞的謝爾德里克野生動(dòng)物信托基金會(huì)和泰國的大象自然公園為受虐待和受傷的大象提供物資和援助。)”可知，銷售收益被用于求助被虐待的大象，故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通過全文可知，介紹一個(gè)名為“TheElephantProject”的旨在保護(hù)和恢復(fù)世界象種群的公司。該公司由KristianMcKean創(chuàng)立，她目睹了泰國和美國馬戲團(tuán)中對(duì)待大象的不人道行為，因此決定以可愛的大象玩偶為媒介來提高人們對(duì)大象困境的認(rèn)識(shí)，并支持關(guān)心受虐和受傷大象的組織。文章主要講述了KristianMcKean創(chuàng)立的組織志在救助被虐待的大象，故選C項(xiàng)。DWiththefastdevelopmentofastronomy,astronomersareeagertofindahintofthefamiliarplanetsthatresembleEarth.Bypushingtechnologytothelimits,astronomersarerapidlyapproachingthedaywhentheycanfindanotherEarth.Themostdirectapproachistotakeapictureofitwithatelescope.However,amoreeffectivewayistouse“theDopplertechnique”.Thisinvolvesanalyzingstarlightforevidencethatthestar’smovementisaffectedbythegravitationalpullofaplanet.Nowadays,astronomerscantellwhenaplanetispullingitsstarbyonlyonemeterasecond—abouthumanwalkingspeed.That’senoughtodetectagiantplanetinabigorbit,orasmallplanetifit’sclosetoitsstar.Anotherapproachistowatchastarforaslightdipinitsbrightness.Thisoccurswhenanorbitingplanetpassesinfrontofthestarandblockspartofitslight.Atmost,atenthofallplanetarysystemsareorientedsothatthesemini-eclipses(日食，月食)—calledtransits(凌日)—arevisiblefromEarth.So,astronomershavetomonitoralotofstarstocapturejustafewtransits.ThedreamofastronomersistodiscoverarockyplanetroughlythesizeofEarthorbitinginahabitablezone,onethatisneithertoohotnortoocoldtosupportlife.Iftheysucceed,theywillhavefoundwhatbiologistsbelievecouldbeapromisingresidenceforlife.Thebestplacestolookmaybedwarfstars.Smallerthanthesun,dwarfstarsareplentiful;sevenofthetenstarsnearesttoEartharedwarfstars.Theyalsoprovideasteadysupplyofsunlighttoanylife-bearingplanetswithintheirhabitablezone.Additionally,dwarfstarsaredim(昏暗的),sothehabitablezoneliescloserin.Iftheplanetisclosertothestar,it’seasierforastronomerstodetectatransitobservation.Aclose-inplanetalsohasastrongerpullonitsstar.ThatmakesiteasiertodetectwiththeDopplermethod.12.Whatareastronomerskeentofindout?A.Whyastronomydevelopssofast.B.Howtechnologyhelpsobservestars.C.WhereEarth-likeplanetsareinspace.D.Whatisthedirectapproachtofindingaplanet’sgravity.13.Whydoastronomershavetomonitoralotofstarstocapturetransits?A.Transitslastaveryshortperiodoftime.B.Mostplanetarysystemsdon’thavetransits.C.Transitsonlyoccurforasmallnumberofstars.D.Nomorethan10%planetarysystemshavevisibletransitsfromEarth.14.WhymaydwarfstarsbegoodplacestospotEarth-likeplanets?A.Dwarfstarsarelimitedinnumber.B.TheirplanetsareclosetotheEarth.C.Theclosenessofthehabitablezonetodwarfstarsaidsdetection.D.ThebrightnessofdwarfstarstoEarthimprovestheirvisibility.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothediscoveryofanotherEarth?A.Confident. B.Doubtful. C.Negative. D.Unconcerned.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了天文學(xué)家熱衷于尋找類地行星，主要使用兩種方法——多普勒方法和凌日觀測(cè)，并指出矮星可能是發(fā)現(xiàn)宜居行星的理想目標(biāo)，因?yàn)槠湟司訋Ц阌谟^測(cè)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Withthefastdevelopmentofastronomy,astronomersareeagertofindahintofthefamiliarplanetsthatresembleEarth.(隨著天文學(xué)的快速發(fā)展，天文學(xué)家渴望找到類似地球的熟悉行星的線索)”可知，天文學(xué)家渴望找到太空中類地行星的位置。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Atmost,atenthofallplanetarysystemsareorientedsothatthesemini-eclipses(日食，月食)—calledtransits(凌日)—arevisiblefromEarth.So,astronomershavetomonitoralotofstarstocapturejustafewtransits.(最多只有十分之一的行星系統(tǒng)是定向的，這樣在地球上就能看到這些被稱為“凌日”的迷你日食。所以，天文學(xué)家必須監(jiān)測(cè)很多恒星才能捕捉到一些凌日現(xiàn)象)”可知，天文學(xué)家必須這樣做是因?yàn)閺牡厍蛏嫌^測(cè)到凌日現(xiàn)象的行星系統(tǒng)不超過10%。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Additionally,dwarfstarsaredim(昏暗的),sothehabitablezoneliescloserin.Iftheplanetisclosertothestar,it’seasierforastronomerstodetectatransitobservation.Aclose-inplanetalsohasastrongerpullonitsstar.ThatmakesiteasiertodetectwiththeDopplermethod.(此外，矮星較為暗淡，因此其宜居帶更靠近恒星。如果行星更靠近恒星，天文學(xué)家更容易通過凌日觀測(cè)到它?？拷阈堑男行菍?duì)其恒星的引力也更強(qiáng)，這使得通過多普勒方法更容易觀測(cè)到它)”可知，矮星是發(fā)現(xiàn)類地行星的好地方，因?yàn)橐司訋щx矮星很近，有助于觀測(cè)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Bypushingtechnologytothelimits,astronomersarerapidlyapproachingthedaywhentheycanfindanotherEarth.(通過將技術(shù)推向極限，天文學(xué)家正迅速接近能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)另一個(gè)地球的那一天)”可知，文章首先提到天文學(xué)家有望發(fā)現(xiàn)類地行星，然后詳細(xì)介紹了兩種有效的觀測(cè)方法，并指出矮星的特性為發(fā)現(xiàn)宜居行星提供了有利條件。文章整體語氣積極且充滿期待，表明作者對(duì)天文學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)另一個(gè)地球的可能性抱有信心。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyou’vehadabadnight’ssleep,oryou’vejustgottoomuchtodo,thelastthingyouwanttobetoldisto“bepositive!”____16____.Ofcourse,developingapositiveattitudeiseasiersaidthandone-itdoesn’tcomenaturallytoeveryone.Whenyou’refeelingdown,itishardtobeoptimistic.Butastudyhasfoundthatpeoplewhoareoptimistsaremorelikelytolivelongerthanthosewhohaveamorenegativeapproachtolife.So,maybeonceyouthinkofalongerlife,____17____.Thestudyconcludedthatoptimistsmayfinditeasiertocontrolemotionsandgetlessstressed.Andasstressimpactsontheimmunesystem,____18____.ProfessorLewinaLeefromBostonUniversitysaid:“Ourfindingsspeaktothepossibilitythatraisinglevelsofoptimismmaypromotelongevityandhealthyaging.”Andsheadvisesthatpessimistscouldbenefitfromdoingthingslikeimaginingafuturewhereeverythingturnsoutwell.Butifyou’rea‘glasshalfempty’typeofperson,couldseeingtheworldthroughrose-tintedglassesworkforyou?Everybeanhasitsblack.____19____.Somepeoplesayit’sbesttocelebratethepositivesandignorethenegativepartsofourlives.____20____.VickiSiskasays“Musicfeedsmysoul,asenseofhumourkeepsthingsinperspective”.PippaKennedysays“beinggratefulforwhatyouhave!”O(jiān)therpeoplerecommenddoingyogaandmeditationaswellasstayingfittohelpmaintainapositiveoutlookonlife.A.AcceptingthishelpsuscontrolouremotionsB.AcceptitandmakeeffortstoimproveyourselfC.it’spossiblethatoptimistsbetterhandleinfectionsD.ButhavingthismindsetcouldhavemanybenefitsE.ButitcouldhelpyouhaveapositiveoutlookonlifeF.itmightencourageyoutohaveamorehopefuloutlookonlifeG.Peoplehavetheirpersonaladviceonkeepingapositiveapproachtolife【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.A20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。保持樂觀的生活態(tài)度有助于你長壽和控制情緒等好處以及保持樂觀的生活態(tài)度的幾點(diǎn)建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyou’vehadabadnight’ssleep,oryou’vejustgottoomuchtodo,thelastthingyouwanttobetoldisto“bepositive!”(如果你晚上睡得不好，或者你有太多事情要做，你最不想被告知的就是“保持積極！”)”并結(jié)合下文介紹保持樂觀的心態(tài)可以讓你長壽,更容易控制情緒和減少壓力等好處可知，雖然不想被告知要“保持積極”，但事實(shí)上“保持積極”這種心態(tài)有很多好處。D項(xiàng)“Buthavingthismindsetcouldhavemanybenefits(但擁有這種心態(tài)會(huì)有很多好處)”符合題意，承上啟下。故選D?！?7題詳解】空處位于段末應(yīng)承接上文。根據(jù)上文“Whenyou’refeelingdown,itishardtobeoptimistic.Butastudyhasfoundthatpeoplewhoareoptimistsaremorelikelytolivelongerthanthosewhohaveamorenegativeapproachtolife.So,maybeonceyouthinkofalongerlife,(當(dāng)你情緒低落時(shí)，很難樂觀。但一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，樂觀主義者比消極主義者更有可能長壽。所以，也許一旦你想到長壽)”可知，雖然情緒低落時(shí)很難保持樂觀，但一想到樂觀可以長壽，這可能鼓勵(lì)我們看生活積極的一面，對(duì)生活充滿希望。F項(xiàng)“itmightencourageyoutohaveamorehopefuloutlookonlife(它可能會(huì)鼓勵(lì)你對(duì)生活有更大的希望)”符合題意，選項(xiàng)和上句是明顯的因果關(guān)系。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thestudyconcludedthatoptimistsmayfinditeasiertocontrolemotionsandgetlessstressed.Andasstressimpactsontheimmunesystem,(研究得出的結(jié)論是，樂觀主義者可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)更容易控制情緒，壓力更小。隨著壓力對(duì)免疫系統(tǒng)的影響)”推知，空處應(yīng)陳述當(dāng)壓力影響免疫系統(tǒng)時(shí)，樂觀主義者更擅長處理由此引起的疾病或不適癥狀。C項(xiàng)“it’spossiblethatoptimistsbetterhandleinfections(樂觀主義者有可能更好地處理感染)”符合題意，與上文銜接自然，infections呼應(yīng)上文的immunesystem。故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Butifyou’rea‘glasshalfempty’typeofperson,couldseeingtheworldthroughrose-tintedglassesworkforyou?Everybeanhasitsblack.(但如果你是一個(gè)“半空的杯子”類型的人，那么透過玫瑰色的眼鏡看世界對(duì)你有用嗎?人人都有缺點(diǎn))”和下文“Somepeoplesayit’sbesttocelebratethepositivesandignorethenegativepartsofourlives.(有些人說，最好是慶祝我們生活中積極的一面，而忽略我們生活中消極的部分)”可知，人人都有缺點(diǎn)，我們應(yīng)該慶祝生活中積極的一面。由此可知，我們應(yīng)該接受人都不完美，這樣能控制好自己的情緒，在更大程度上做一個(gè)積極的人。A項(xiàng)“Acceptingthishelpsuscontrolouremotions(接受這一點(diǎn)有助于我們控制自己的情緒)”符合題意，this指代上文的“Everybeanhasitsblack.”。故選A?！?0題詳解】空處位于段首，是本段主旨句。根據(jù)下文“VickiSiskasays“Musicfeedsmysoul,asenseofhumourkeepsthingsinperspective”.PippaKennedysays“beinggratefulforwhatyouhave!”O(jiān)therpeoplerecommenddoingyogaandmeditationaswellasstayingfittohelpmaintainapositiveoutlookonlife.(VickiSiska說：“音樂滋養(yǎng)著我的靈魂，幽默感讓事情保持正確的視角?！盤ippaKennedy：“要感激你所擁有的！”其他人建議做瑜伽、冥想以及保持健康，以幫助保持積極的人生觀)”可知，本段主要介紹人們對(duì)如何保持樂觀態(tài)度的個(gè)人建議。G項(xiàng)“Peoplehavetheirpersonaladviceonkeepingapositiveapproachtolife(人們對(duì)保持積極的生活方式有自己的個(gè)人建議)”可以作為本段主旨句，下文是對(duì)本句的舉例說明。故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Itwasabeautifuldaywiththesunshiningbrightly.___21___tospendsometimeoutdoors,IwentupthemountainwithUncleJimmy.Themountainwasnoteasytoclimbandhadtoughrocksandstreamsonit.Intheend,tiredandhot,Icouldn’tgoanyfurther.___22___,wewentbackdownthemountainintheend.Onthewaybackdown,UncleJimmyaskedmeaquestion,which___23___mespeechlessforasecond:“What’syourdream,younglady?”“Ihavenoidea”,Iansweredafterthinkingforawhile.Thenhesmiledandtoldmeabouthis___24___.Hedidn’t___25___wellatschoolwhenhewasastudent.Although___26___thoughthecouldsucceed,heknew___27___thathisdreamwastobea___28___.“IknewIwasn’t___29___whenitcametostudying,soItriedtobuysnacksfromanearbymarketandsellthemafterclass,”hetoldme.Afterheleftschool,hestartedsellingdifferentgoodsto______30______whichonewasmostattractivetocustomers.Ofcourse,heoftenhadnomoneyinhispocket,buthoweverchallenginglifewas,henevergaveup.“Thereisnodoubtthatapersonwhoputsinagreatdealof______31______toreachhisorhergoalwillhavegoodluckatsomepoint.Themeaningoflifeisto______32______yourdream,”hesaidinagentlevoice.ThatnightIcouldnotfallasleep.Withmyeyeswideopen,Ilayinbedtossingandturningaskingmyself,“What’smymotivation?”Iwantedtobeatopstudent,butthehardworkmeantputtingeverythingintofollowingmypassion.IfIfindmyself______33______willpower,whatshouldIdo?Leavinghomeearlythenextmorning,Iclimbedthemountainagainallbymyself.Itmademethink:ifwedon’texperiencetheclimb,howcanwegettoenjoythesceneryonthetopofthemountain?Atlast,Ireachedthetopandwas______34______bythewarmbreezeandsunshine.Nothingcouldbemore______35______thanthat.21.A.Concerned B.Eager C.Satisfied D.Unwilling22.A.Therefore B.However C.Meanwhile D.Furthermore23.A.left B.caused C.pushed D.brought24.A.career B.story C.idea D.confusion25.A.behave B.revise C.perform D.impress26.A.somebody B.everybody C.nobody D.anybody27.A.rapidly B.directly C.shortly D.clearly28.A.worker B.officer C.deliveryman D.businessman29.A.skilled B.gifted C.graceful D.knowledgeable30.A.checkout B.takeout C.workout D.giveout31.A.talent B.pressure C.effort D.source32.A.follow B.change C.make D.control33.A.requesting B.sharing C.lacking D.holding34.A.shocked B.focused C.honored D.greeted35.A.unexpected B.pleasant C.relaxing D.challenging【答案】21.B22.A23.A24.B25.C26.C27.D28.D29.B30.C31.C32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者與叔叔一起爬山時(shí)因畏懼山路艱險(xiǎn)及天熱難受等原因而半途返回，返回途中叔叔以自己學(xué)生時(shí)期的追夢(mèng)經(jīng)歷開導(dǎo)她追求夢(mèng)想要永不放棄。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我渴望在戶外度過一段時(shí)間，于是和吉米叔叔一起上山了。A.Concerned擔(dān)心的；B.Eager渴望的；C.Satisfied滿意的；D.Unwilling不愿意的。根據(jù)上文“Itwasabeautifuldaywiththesunshiningbrightly.(這是美好的一天，陽光燦爛。)”和句中的“IwentupthemountainwithUncleJimmy”可知，這天陽光燦爛，作者想去戶外，于是和叔叔一起爬山。故選B。【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我們最終還是下山了。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Meanwhile同時(shí)；D.Furthermore此外。上文“Themountainwasnoteasytoclimbandhadtoughrocksandstreamsonit.Intheend,tiredandhot,Icouldn’tgoanyfurther.(這座山不容易爬，上面有堅(jiān)硬的巖石和溪流。最后，又累又熱，我再也走不動(dòng)了。)”講述了由于爬山艱難且又累又熱，作者爬不動(dòng)了，所以最終他們一起下山了。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在下山的路上，吉米叔叔問了我一個(gè)問題，讓我一時(shí)說不出話來。A.left離開，讓……處于（某種狀態(tài)）；B.caused導(dǎo)致；C.pushed推動(dòng)；D.brought帶來。根據(jù)空后的“mespeechless”可知，這里表示讓作者說不出話來，leavesb.+adj.意為“使某人處于某狀態(tài)”。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他笑著告訴我他故事。A.career事業(yè)；B.story故事；C.idea想法；D.confusion困惑。根據(jù)下文叔叔講述自己年輕時(shí)追求夢(mèng)想的經(jīng)歷可知，叔叔講述了自己的故事。故選B。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他還是學(xué)生的時(shí)候在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)不好。A.behave表現(xiàn)；B.revise修改；C.perform做，表現(xiàn)；D.impress使留下深刻印象。根據(jù)空后的“wellatschoolwhenhewasastudent”可知，這里指在學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)，應(yīng)用perform。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然沒有人認(rèn)為他能成功，但他清楚地知道他的夢(mèng)想是成為一名商人。A.somebody某人；B.everybody所有人；C.nobody沒有人；D.anybody任何人。根據(jù)上文中的“Hedidn’t___5___wellatschoolwhenhewasastudent.”可知，叔叔在校表現(xiàn)不好，所以沒有人認(rèn)為叔叔會(huì)成功。故選C。【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.rapidly迅速地；B.directly直接地；C.shortly不久；D.clearly清楚地。根據(jù)空后的“thathisdreamwastobea___8___”可知，叔叔清楚地知道自己的夢(mèng)想。故選D。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意參考第6題。A.worker工作者；B.officer官員；C.deliveryman送貨員；D.businessman商人，企業(yè)家。根據(jù)下文中的“Itriedtobuysnacksfromanearbymarketandsellthemafterclass”可知，作者的叔叔想成為一名商人。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道自己在學(xué)習(xí)方面沒有天賦，所以我試著從附近的市場(chǎng)上買零食，下課后賣掉。A.skilled有技能的，熟練的；B.gifted有天賦的；C.graceful優(yōu)雅的；D.knowledgeable知識(shí)淵博的。根據(jù)上文中的“Hedidn’t___5___wellatschoolwhenhewasastudent.”可知，叔叔在校學(xué)習(xí)不好，所以他知道自己在學(xué)習(xí)上沒有天賦。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他離開學(xué)校后，開始賣不同的商品，以弄清楚哪種最吸引顧客。A.checkout調(diào)查，核實(shí)，觀察；B.takeout去除，帶……出去；C.workout算出，弄清楚；D.giveout分發(fā)，發(fā)出，放出（熱、光等）。根據(jù)空后的“whichonewasmostattractivetocustomers”可知，叔叔賣不同的商品，想要弄清楚哪種商品對(duì)顧客最有吸引力。故選C。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：毫無疑問，一個(gè)為實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)付出巨大努力