河南省開(kāi)封市2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題【含答案解析】

2024—2025學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末調(diào)研考試高一英語(yǔ)試題本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和第II卷(非選擇題)兩部分。共150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上,并將自己的準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在本試卷上。2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用2B-鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑;如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再涂選其他答案標(biāo)號(hào),涂寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.作答非選擇題時(shí),請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米的黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效,在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無(wú)效。第I卷(選擇題,共95分)第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時(shí),先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后;你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Startworking.B.Goandhavelunch.C.Discusstheproject.2.Howistheweathernow?A.Cloudy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Giveaperformance.B.Dresssmartly.C.Gotothetheatre.4.WhatisSally’snewinterest?A.Music.B.Dolls.C.Boxing.5.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Shecan’tcarrytheboxesupstairs.B.Shebrokeherarmyesterday.C.Shefailedtofindbigboxes.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6至7題。6.Whatwillthemandonextweek?A.Takeabusinesstrip.B.Bookatrainticket.C.Goonholiday.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftravellingbytrain?A.Cheap.B.Slow.C.Comfortable.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whoisthemanmostlikely?A.Anewsreporter.B.Alocalresident.C.Alibrarian.9.Wherearethe‘speakers?A.InaTVstation.B.Inalibrary.C.Inthestreet.10.Whatdoesthewomanlikebestaboutthenewlibrary?A.Itsopeninghours.B.Itsmodernappearance.C.Itsconvenientlocation.聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Toinvitehimtoamatch.B.Toknowaboutbaseball.C.Tointroduceastadium.12.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Checkaschedule.B.Leavetheofficeearly.C.Usepublictransport.13.Whatwillthewomanmostlikelydonext?A.Sendanemail.B.Booktwotickets.C.Printsomedocuments.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.WhatdoesDavidhavetodoforhisscienceclass?A.Buildamodel.B.Reviewlessons.C.Doanexperiment.15.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Thewomanfoundsomeballsinhergarage.BThemanofferedtogivethewomansomeballs.C.Judymadeasolarsystemmodellastmonth.16.WhoisJudyprobably?A.David’steacher.B.David’smother.C.David’sschoolmate.17.Whatistheman’sopiniononthesolarsystemproject?A.Boring.B.Interesting.C.Difficult.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.Howlonghasthespeakerspentrecordingpeople’sfacialexpressions?A.Twoyears.B.Threeyears.C.Tenyears.19.Whatarepeople’sfacialexpressionslikeintheworld?A.Culturallydiverse.B.Verysimilar.C.Individuallydifferent.20.Whydoesthespeakerenjoytakingpicturesofchildren?A.Theyalwayswanttoplay.B.Theyexpresstheiremotionsopenly.C.Theylikehavingtheirpicturestaken.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卷上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATeenswhoarejustabouttoenterhighschoolwillfaceaproblem—whichsporttochoose.Someteenagershaveneverbeeninvolvedinorganizedsportsandlotsofstressmaycomeintoplay.Ifthissoundslikeyourteen,encouragethemtotrythesportthatmostattractsthem.HereisalistofsomeofthetopfavoredsportsbyteenagersintheUSA.Basketball:Itisthemostpopularsportwithalmosthalfamilliongirlsplayinginschoolteams.Andmorethan5.8millionboysandgirlsplaycompetitively,choosingitastheirfavoritesportandplayinginschoolteams.It’sagoodteamsport.Americanfootball:Itisnolongerthenumberonesportplayedamongteenagers,mainlybecauseoftheriseofothersports.Someparentsbelieveittobeadangeroussportbut,withtherightcoachandenvironmentaswellastheequipment,itshouldbeperfectlysafetotakepartin.Volleyball:Itisexcellentforgirlsandisagoodgametoplayinateam.Itisthefifthfavoredsportforgirlsandtheygetconfidenceinthesport.It’salsoagoodideatoinvolvethemincompetitivevolleyball.Trackandfield:ifyourteenlikesindividualsport,trackandfieldisgoodtotakepartin.Trackandfieldincludesrunning,throwingandjumping.Trackandfieldcanprovideachanceforalmostanyyouthtogetoutandcompete.1.WhichsportisthemostpopularamongteenagersintheUSA?A.Americanfootball. B.Volleyball. C.Basketball. D.Trackandfield.2.WhyisAmericanfootballnolongerthenumberonesportamongteenagers?A.Becauseitisadangeroussport.B.Becauseoftheriseofothersports.C.Becausetheequipmentisnotgood.D.Becausetherearen’trightcoachesandenvironment.3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toencourageteenagerstoplaysports.B.Tocomparedifferentsportsforteenagers.C.Toexplainthebenefitsofsportsforteenagers.D.Tointroducesomepopularsportstoteenagers.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一些在美國(guó)青少年中受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，并分析了它們的特點(diǎn)和適合的人群?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Basketball:Itisthemostpopularsportwithalmosthalfamilliongirlsplayinginschoolteams.Andmorethan5.8millionboysandgirlsplaycompetitively,choosingitastheirfavoritesportandplayinginschoolteams.(籃球是最受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)，有將近五十萬(wàn)名女孩在學(xué)校團(tuán)隊(duì)中打籃球。此外超過(guò)580萬(wàn)的男孩和女孩將其作為最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)并在學(xué)校隊(duì)中打籃球)”可知，籃球是美國(guó)青少年中最受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Americanfootball:Itisnolongerthenumberonesportplayedamongteenagers,mainlybecauseoftheriseofothersports.(美式橄欖球不再是青少年中排名第一的運(yùn)動(dòng)，主要是因?yàn)槠渌\(yùn)動(dòng)的興起)”可知，美式橄欖球不再是青少年中最受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)是因?yàn)槠渌\(yùn)動(dòng)的興起。故選B。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“HereisalistofsomeofthetopfavoredsportsbyteenagersintheUSA.(以下是美國(guó)青少年最喜歡的一些運(yùn)動(dòng)的列表)”和后文中對(duì)幾項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的介紹可推知，本文是為了向青少年介紹一些流行的運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選D。BThesceneinthestandsatRolandGarros’sCourtPhilippe-Chatrierwasdottedwithredbanners,addingaglowtothealreadyorangeyairspreadingtheredclaycourt.TherewerehundredsofChinesewavingflagstosupportQinwenZheng,21,whowouldsoontakegoldbydefeatingCroatia’sDonnaVekicinthewomen’ssinglestennisfinal.Asshelaydownonthedirt,eyesskywardandfistsextendedintotheParishaze,thewin’sgravityseemedtoregister:ThiswasChina’sfirst-everOlympicgoldmedalinthissport.WhentalkingabouttheOlympics,Zhengsaid,“ItreatedtheGamesdifferently—theemotion,thefight,thementality.Ifyouaskedmetostaythreemorehourstofight,Icoulddoit.”Bornin2002,Zhengstartedplayingtennisatageseven.Atageeight,shemovedaloneforbettercoaching.Sinceadolescence,shehasdeeplyadmiredChineseathletes,suchasthetennisstarLiNa,whojoinedthe2008BeijingGames,andtherunnerLiuXiang,whowongoldatthe2004AthensGames.“Itwasreallytough,”Zhengsaid,lookingbackatthoseearlydays.“Mymomusedtocomevisitonweekends.Whensheleft,Iwouldholdherlegandcry.After13,shedecidedtostaywithmefull-timetoletmehavebettergrowthandcare.Afterthat,itgoteasier.AndwemovedtoEuropewhenIwas17.”InParis,Zhengperformedexceptionallywellonherroadtogold,includingtopplingworldnumberoneIgaSwiatek.“WithIga,Iwasclear,”Zhengsaid.“IknowwhyIlosttoherbefore.Iplayed,rushed,madetoomanyunforcederrors,andwantedtohitfasterthanher.Iwantedtoprovemypower.ButintheseGames,Ididn’tthinklikethis.”Zhengisconscious,too,oftheeffectsthathermilestoneachievementinPariswillhave.Aswewrappedupourchat,shesaid,softly,“Iwasreadingcommentslastnightandsomeofthemweretalkingaboutinspiration,andthismakesmefeelproud.Ifyouwatchmytennisanditbringsyousomeextrastrengthinyourlife,thatwillmakemehappy.”4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisTRUEaboutQinwenZheng?A.ShesecuredthefirstChineseOlympictennischampionship.B.Sheconsideredalltennisgamestobeequallyimportant.C.Asateenager,shewantedtogobeyondotherChineseathletes.D.Shefeltconfidenttolivealoneatherearlydaysoftraining.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“toppling”inthe6thparagraphmean?A.Challenging. B.Defeating. C.Discouraging. D.Declining.6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeQinwenZheng?A.Strong-willedandreflective. B.Creativeandindependent.C.Sincereandambitious. D.Competentandidealistic.7.WhatcanweinferfromQinwenZheng’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.ShetakesprideinattainingtheOlympicgoldmedal.B.Shehopesthatherachievementwillearnherfame.C.Sheexpectsherachievementtomotivatemorepeople.D.Shefeelsdelightedtoreadnumerouscommentsonhermatch.【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。報(bào)道了鄭欽文作為一名網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽中的表現(xiàn)和她的個(gè)人故事，特別強(qiáng)調(diào)了她在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上為中國(guó)贏得首枚網(wǎng)球金牌的成就?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TherewerehundredsofChinesewavingflagstosupportQinwenZheng,21,whowouldsoontakegoldbydefeatingCroatia’sDonnaVekicinthewomen’ssinglestennisfinal.(數(shù)百名中國(guó)人揮舞著旗幟為21歲的鄭欽文助威。鄭欽文不久將在網(wǎng)球女子單打決賽中擊敗克羅地亞選手DonnaVekic，奪得金牌。)”及第三段“ThiswasChina’sfirst-everOlympicgoldmedalinthissport.(這是中國(guó)在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目上的首枚奧運(yùn)金牌)”可知，她獲得了第一個(gè)中國(guó)奧運(yùn)網(wǎng)球冠軍。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第六段“InParis,Zhengperformedexceptionallywellonherroadtogold,includingtopplingworldnumberoneIgaSwiatek.(在巴黎，鄭欽文在她的奪金之路上表現(xiàn)異常出色，包括toppling世界排名第一的IgaSwiatek)”可知，鄭欽文獲得了奧運(yùn)會(huì)金牌，所以她在贏得金牌的道路上應(yīng)該是擊敗之前排名第一的IgaSwiatek，所以劃線單詞的意思應(yīng)與“擊敗”意義相近。故選B項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“WhentalkingabouttheOlympics,Zhengsaid,“ItreatedtheGamesdifferently—theemotion,thefight,thementality.Ifyouaskedmetostaythreemorehourstofight,Icoulddoit.”(在談到奧運(yùn)會(huì)時(shí)，鄭說(shuō)：“我對(duì)比賽有不同的對(duì)待——情感、拼搏、心態(tài)。如果你讓我再多堅(jiān)持三個(gè)小時(shí)去拼搏，我也能做到?！?”及第六段““IknowwhyIlosttoherbefore.Iplayedrushed,madetoomanyunforcederrors,andwantedtohitfasterthanher.Iwantedtoprovemypower.ButintheseGames,Ididn’tthinklikethis.”(“我知道為什么以前會(huì)輸給她。我打得急躁，出現(xiàn)了太多非受迫性失誤，想比她更快地?fù)羟?。我想證明自己的實(shí)力。但在本屆比賽中，我沒(méi)有這樣想?！?”可知，鄭欽文是一位意志堅(jiān)定且善于反思的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Aswewrappedupourchat,shesaid,softly:“Iwasreadingcommentslastnightandsomeofthemweretalkingaboutinspiration,andthismakesmefeelproud.Ifyouwatchmytennisanditbringsyousomeextrastrengthinyourlife,thatwillmakemehappy.”(當(dāng)我們結(jié)束聊天時(shí)，她輕聲說(shuō)道：“我昨晚看了些評(píng)論，有些人談到了激勵(lì)，這讓我感到自豪。如果你看了我的網(wǎng)球比賽，這能給你生活中帶來(lái)一些額外的力量，那我會(huì)很高興?！?”可知，她希望她的成就能激勵(lì)更多的人。故選C項(xiàng)。CThinkbacktoyourfirstmemory.Howoldwereyouatthetime?Chancesareyoucan’trememberanythingearlierthankindergartenorprimaryschool—nothingaboutyourfirstwords,steps,orsolidfoodotherthanwhatyourparentshavelatertoldyou.Thisphenomenoniscalled“infantileamnesia”,duetowhichthemajorityofadultsrarelyrememberthingsthathappentothembeforetheageofthree.Sowhyisitthatwecan’trememberbeingababy?Theanswerliesinthewaythatourbrain’sabilitytostorememorieschangesaswegrow.Atbirth,ababy’sbrainisonlyaquarterofitsadultsize,growingtothree-quartersthesizeofanadultbrainbyagetwo.Thisincreaseisassociatedwithagrowthinthenumberofbraincells—calledneurons(神經(jīng)元)—andtheconnectionsbetweenthesecells.Apartofthebrainthatisparticularlyimportantinformingmemoriesisthehippocampus(海馬體),saysDrDhanishaJhaveri,aresearcheratTheUniversityofQueensland.Thisregionstoresautobiographicalmemoriesfromspecificeventsinourlives.“Inthehippocampus,newneuronsareconstantlybeingcreated.Inadulthood,newcellsarestillbeingproduced,buttherateofproductioninthehippocampusslowsdown,”saysDrJhaveri.Neuroscientistsbelievethattherapidrateatwhichbraincellsarebeingproducedinchildhoodcouldbethecauseofinfantileamnesia.Becausesomanynewneuronsarebeingproducedandformconnectionswitheachotherinmemorycircuits,theymightdisrupt(擾亂)existingnetworksofmemoriesthathavealreadyformed.Despitethismemoryloss,childhoodexperienceshavebeenfoundtoinfluenceadultbehaviouryearslater,whichsuggeststhattracesofthesememoriescouldbestoredsomewhereinthebrainthatisn’teasytoaccess.Inresearchinanimals,scientistshavefoundthatlatent(潛在的)tracesofearlyexperiencesremaininthebrainforalongtime,andcanlaterbetriggered(觸發(fā))byareminder.Ithighlightstheimportantinfluenceofearlylifeexperiencesonmentalandemotionalwell-beinglaterinlife.8.Whatisinfantileamnesia?A.Theinabilitytoformmemoriesduringadulthood. B.Theinabilitytorecallearlyexperiences.C.Theinfluenceonexistingmemorynetworks. D.Theinfluenceonmentalandemotionalwell-being.9.Whatdowelearnaboutthebrainaccordingtothepassage?A.Newneuronsdisruptexistingmemorycircuits. B.Thehippocampusplaysapassiveroleinone’smemory.C.Ababy’sbrainisthree-quartersthesizeofanadultbrain. D.Braincellsarebeingproducedmorerapidlyinadulthood.10.Whatdoestheresearchinanimalsshow?A.Memoriesarestoredseparatelyintheirbrain. B.Memoriesaremainlyformedwhentheyareyoung.C.Earlyexperienceshavealong-termimpactonlife. D.Earlyexperiencesareeasytobetriggeredbyareminder.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheFormationofEarlyChildhoodMemoriesB.TheImpactofInfantileAmnesiaonMemoryNetworksC.TheRoleoftheHippocampusinMemoryFormationD.TheInfluenceofEarlyLifeExperiencesonMentalWell-being【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了什么是嬰兒健忘癥并分析了嬰兒健忘癥的原因以及嬰兒健忘癥對(duì)人體記憶網(wǎng)的影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Chancesareyoucan’trememberanythingearlierthankindergartenorprimaryschool—nothingaboutyourfirstwords,steps,orsolidfoodotherthanwhatyourparentshavelatertoldyou.Thisphenomenoniscalled“infantileamnesia”,duetowhichthemajorityofadultsrarelyrememberthingsthathappentothembeforetheageofthree.(你很可能記不起幼兒園或者小學(xué)前的任何事情了——你對(duì)第一個(gè)單詞、走的第一步和吃的第一個(gè)固體食物一無(wú)所知。除了父母后來(lái)告訴你的那些東西。這種現(xiàn)象被稱為“嬰兒健忘癥”，因此大多數(shù)成年人很少記得三歲前發(fā)生的在他們身上的事情。)”可知，“嬰兒健忘癥”指的是很少有人記得三歲前發(fā)生在他們身上的事情，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Becausesomanynewneuronsarebeingproducedandformconnectionswitheachotherinmemorycircuits,theymightdisrupt(擾亂)existingnetworksofmemoriesthathavealreadyformed.(因?yàn)樘嗟男碌纳窠?jīng)元正在產(chǎn)生，并在記憶電路中相互連接，它們可能會(huì)擾亂已經(jīng)形成的現(xiàn)有記憶網(wǎng)。)”可知，太多的神經(jīng)元產(chǎn)生了，可能會(huì)擾亂現(xiàn)有的記憶網(wǎng)，故選A。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Inresearchinanimals,scientistshavefoundthatlatent(潛在的)tracesofearlyexperiencesremaininthebrainforalongtime,andcanlaterbetriggered(觸發(fā))byareminder.Ithighlightstheimportantinfluenceofearlylifeexperiencesonmentalandemotionalwell-beinglaterinlife.(在對(duì)動(dòng)物的研究中，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)潛在的早期經(jīng)歷的痕跡會(huì)在大腦中保留很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間，以后可能會(huì)被提醒出來(lái)。它強(qiáng)調(diào)了早期生活經(jīng)歷對(duì)以后生活的心理和情感健康的重要影響。)”可知，早期的經(jīng)歷會(huì)在大腦中保留很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，對(duì)以后的心理和情感造成了一定的影響，故早期的經(jīng)歷對(duì)生活有著長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的影響，故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Chancesareyoucan’trememberanythingearlierthankindergartenorprimaryschool—nothingaboutyourfirstwords,steps,orsolidfoodotherthanwhatyourparentshavelatertoldyou.Thisphenomenoniscalled“infantileamnesia”,duetowhichthemajorityofadultsrarelyrememberthingsthathappentothembeforetheageofthree.(你很可能記不起幼兒園或者小學(xué)前的任何事情了——你對(duì)第一個(gè)單詞、走的第一步和吃的第一個(gè)固體食物一無(wú)所知。除了父母后來(lái)告訴你的那些東西。這種現(xiàn)象被稱為“嬰兒健忘癥”，因此大多數(shù)成年人很少記得三歲前發(fā)生的在他們身上的事情。)”以及后文對(duì)嬰兒健忘癥對(duì)人的影響的介紹可知，文章主要介紹了什么是嬰兒健忘癥并分析了嬰兒健忘癥的原因以及嬰兒健忘癥對(duì)人體記憶網(wǎng)的影響，故B項(xiàng)“嬰兒健忘癥對(duì)人體記憶網(wǎng)的影響”符合文章標(biāo)題，故選B。DChatGPT,designedbyOpenAItocarryonconversationsjustlikehumans,hasbecomeaviralexcitement.TheAI-poweredtoolwentfromzerotoamillionusersinjustfivedays!Itsabilitytoprovidein-depthanswerstouserquestionshasevendrawntheattentionofdistinguishedtechnologycompanies.Theintelligentrobotunderstandswhattheusersaysortypesandthenrespondsinawaythatmakessense.Itsvastbodyofknowledgehasbeengatheredfromtheinternetandarchivedbooks.Itisfurthertrainedbyhumans.ThismakesChatGPTausefultoolforresearchingalmostanytopic.“Wehavealotofinformationontheinternet,butyounormallyhavetoGoogleit,thenreaditandthendosomethingwithit,”saysRicardo,chiefscienceofficerandco-founderofAIcompanyErudit.“Nowyou’llhavethisresourcethatcanprocessthewholeinternetandalloftheinformationitcontainsforyoutoansweryourquestion.”ChatGPTcannotthinkonitsown.Itdependsontheinformationthatithasbeentrainedon.Asaresult,theAItoolworkswellforthingsthathaveaccuratedataavailable.However,whenunsure,ChatGPTcangetcreativeandflowoutincorrectresponses.OpenAIcautionsuserstochecktheinformationnomatterhowlogicalitsounds.Also,ChatGPThasonlybeentrainedwithinformationtill2021.Hence,itcannotberelieduponforanythingthathappenedafterthat.ExpertsbelieveChatGPThaslimitlesspotentialtosolvereal-worldproblems.Itcantranslatelongtextsintodifferentlanguages,createcontentonalmostanytopic,andevensummarizebooks.However,ChatGPThasreceivedmixedreactionsfromeducators.Somebelieveitcouldserveasavaluabletooltohelpbuildliteracyskillsintheclassroom.Itcouldalsobeusedtoteachstudentsdifficultscienceormathconcepts.ButothereducatorsthinkChatGPTwillencouragestudentstocheat.Theyfearthiswillpreventthemfrombuildingcriticalthinkingandproblem-solvingskills.Asaresult,manydistrictsarestartingtobanitsuseinschools.12.WhatistheuniquefeatureofChatGPT?A.Ithasartificialintelligence. B.Itcananswerusers’questions.C.Ithasthelargestnumberofusers. D.Itcanengageinmeaningfulconversations.13.WhatmakesChatGPThelpfultoresearchvarioustopics?A.Itscapabilityofinformationprocessing. B.Itsaccurateinformation.C.Itsavailabilityofup-to-datedata. D.Itsvastbodyofquestions.14.WhydoChatGPTusershavetobecautiouswhenusingit?A.ChatGPTisunabletothinkitself. B.ChatGPTlackscreativity.C.ChatGPToffersillogicalinformation. D.ChatGPTisnotproperlytrained.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsChatGPT?A.Favorable. B.Disapproving. C.Objective. D.Intolerant.【答案】12.D13.A14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了人工智能ChatGPT，介紹了其特點(diǎn)、存在的問(wèn)題以及人們對(duì)ChatGPT的看法?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Itsabilitytoprovidein-depthanswerstouserquestionshasevendrawntheattentionofdistinguishedtechnologycompanies.(它對(duì)用戶問(wèn)題提供深入解答的能力甚至引起了知名科技公司的注意)”以及第二段中“Theintelligentrobotunderstandswhattheusersaysortypesandthenrespondsinawaythatmakessense.(這個(gè)智能機(jī)器人能理解用戶所說(shuō)或鍵入的內(nèi)容，然后以合理的方式做出回應(yīng))”可知，ChatGPT的獨(dú)特之處是它可以參與有意義的對(duì)話。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theintelligentrobotunderstandswhattheusersaysortypesandthenrespondsinawaythatmakessense.Itsvastbodyofknowledgehasbeengatheredfromtheinternetandarchivedbooks.Itisfurthertrainedbyhumans.ThismakesChatGPTausefultoolforresearchingalmostanytopic.(這個(gè)智能機(jī)器人能理解用戶所說(shuō)或鍵入的內(nèi)容，然后以合理的方式做出回應(yīng)。它的大量知識(shí)來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和存檔書(shū)籍。它由人類進(jìn)一步訓(xùn)練。這使得ChatGPT成為研究幾乎任何主題的有用工具)”可知，信息處理能力使ChatGPT有助于研究各種主題。故選A。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ChatGPTcannotthinkonitsown.Itdependsontheinformationthatithasbeentrainedon.Asaresult,theAItoolworkswellforthingsthathaveaccuratedataavailable.However,whenunsure,ChatGPTcangetcreativeandflowoutincorrectresponses.OpenAIcautionsuserstochecktheinformationnomatterhowlogicalitsounds.Also,ChatGPThasonlybeentrainedwithinformationtill2021.(ChatGPT不能獨(dú)立思考。這取決于它所接受的訓(xùn)練信息。因此，人工智能工具可以很好地處理有準(zhǔn)確數(shù)據(jù)的事情。然而，當(dāng)不確定時(shí)，ChatGPT可能會(huì)變得有創(chuàng)意，并給出不正確的回答。OpenAI提醒用戶，無(wú)論這些信息聽(tīng)起來(lái)多么符合邏輯，都要檢查。此外，ChatGPT的信息培訓(xùn)只進(jìn)行到2021年)”可知，ChatGPT用戶在使用時(shí)必須謹(jǐn)慎因?yàn)镃hatGPT本身無(wú)法思考。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ChatGPTcannotthinkonitsown.(ChatGPT不能獨(dú)立思考)”；第五段“ExpertsbelieveChatGPThaslimitlesspotentialtosolvereal-worldproblems.(專家認(rèn)為ChatGPT在解決現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題方面具有無(wú)限潛力)”以及最后一段“However,ChatGPThasreceivedmixedreactionsfromeducators.(然而，教育工作者對(duì)ChatGPT的反應(yīng)不一)”可推知，作者主要列舉了其他人對(duì)ChatGPT的看法，沒(méi)有提到自己對(duì)ChatGPT的態(tài)度，故對(duì)ChatGPT是客觀態(tài)度。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhatToDoWhenYou’reJealousOfYourBestFriends’Grades?You’vejustreceivedyourfinalgradesandthey’renotexactlywhatyouwerehopingfor.Tomakemattersworse,yourbestfriends’gradeshavegotyougreenwithenvy.Trynottopanic.We’veputtogethersometipstohelpyoumanage.Behappyforthem.Firstthingsfirst,makesureyoustartthingsoffrightbycongratulatingthemfordoingwellthissemester.We’renotgoingtolie,thiscanbehardwhenyou’refilledwithjealousy(忌妒),butyourbestfriendhasworkedforitandtheydeservetobecelebrated.Don’thatethemfortheirachievements.___16___Faceuptoyourfeelings.Insayingthat,beinghappyforyourbestfrienddoesn’tmeanyoushouldrepress(壓抑)yourfeelings.___17___Askyourselfwherethisjealousyiscomingfromandwhetheryourbestfriendgettingabettergradethanyouactuallymattersinthelongrun.Gettingtotherootofthesefeelingsisanimportantfirststeptoovercomingyourjealousy.Useitasmotivation.Feelingjealousdoesn’thavetobeabadthing.Thefactthatyou’reenviousofyourfriend’sgradesmeansyoucareaboutyourstudies.Thebestthingtodointhissituationistouseyourjealousyasmotivationtodobetterandmakeeffortstoimproveyourowngrades.Figureoutwhereyouwentwrongandlearnfromyourmistakes.Don’tfocusallyourenergyon’feelingupset.___18___Focusonwhatyoulearned,notthegradesyoureceived.___19___Ratherthanworryingaboutyourgrades,trytofocusontheknowledgeandskillsyoulearnedthroughoutthesemesterandhowtheyhelpedyouimproveasaperson.___20___Thefactthatyourbestfriendreceivedahighergradethanyoudoesn’tmeanyou’reafailure.Weneedtostopusingotherpeople’ssuccessesasameasureforourownself-worth.Lifeisn’tacompetition.Focusonyourownstrengths,appreciateyourselfmore,andsoonenoughyourjealousywilljustmeltaway.A.Trynottocompareyourselftoothers.B.Trytobehonestwithhowyou’refeeling.C.Whilegradesareimportant,theyaren’teverything.D.Focusonthem,andsoonyourjealousywillmeltaway.E.Allowyourselftofeelgenuinelyhappyforyourfriend.F.Insteadtrytosettingnewgoalsandcreatingbetterstudyhabits.G.However,envycanquicklybecomeaproblemforyourfriendship.【答案】16.E17.B18.F19.C20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。好朋友成績(jī)比自己好，應(yīng)該怎么辦呢？文章給讀者提供了一些方法幫助管理看到期末成績(jī)的不良情緒?！?6題詳解】前文“Firstthingsfirst,makesureyoustartthingsoffrightbycongratulatingthemfordoingwellthissemester.We’renotgoingtolie,thiscanbehardwhenyou’refilledwithjealousy(忌妒),butyourbestfriendhasworkedforitandtheydeservetobecelebrated.Don’thatethemfortheirachievements.(重要的是，確保你的開(kāi)始是正確的，祝賀他們這學(xué)期做得好。我們不想撒謊，當(dāng)你充滿嫉妒的時(shí)候，這可能很難，但是你最好的朋友已經(jīng)為此付出了努力，他們值得慶祝。不要因?yàn)樗麄兊某删投骱匏麄儭?”提到要為朋友取得好成績(jī)而祝賀，不要因?yàn)樗麄兊某删投憛捤麄?。E選項(xiàng)“Allowyourselftofeelgenuinelyhappyforyourfriend.(讓自己由衷地為朋友感到高興。)”與前文內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)，承接自然，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Faceuptoyourfeelings”(正視自己的感受)以及上文“ beinghappyforyourbestfrienddoesn’tmeanyoushouldrepress(壓抑)yourfeelings(為你最好的朋友感到高興并不意味著你應(yīng)該壓抑你的感情)”可知，要正視自己的感受，不要壓抑自己的情緒；B選項(xiàng)“Trytobehonestwithhowyou`refeeling.(試著誠(chéng)實(shí)地面對(duì)自己的感受。)”符合段落主旨，即不要壓抑自己的感受，要誠(chéng)實(shí)地面對(duì)。故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Useitasmotivation.(把它當(dāng)作動(dòng)力。)”以及上文中“Thebestthingtodointhissituationistouseyourjealousyasmotivationtodobetterandmakeeffortstoimproveyourowngrades.(在這種情況下，最好的辦法就是把你的嫉妒作為做得更好的動(dòng)力，努力提高自己的成績(jī)。)”可知本段建議把嫉妒當(dāng)作動(dòng)力。前文“Don’tfocusallyourenergyon’feelingupset.(不要把你所有的精力都集中在感到沮喪上。)”提到不要把精力都集中在難過(guò)上，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Instead,trytosettingnewgoalsandcreatingbetterstudyhabits.(相反，試著設(shè)定新目標(biāo)并養(yǎng)成更好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣。)”闡述了與上文相反的的做法，是對(duì)如何利用嫉妒作為動(dòng)力的具體做法的闡述，與前文邏輯連貫。故選F。【19題詳解】由小標(biāo)題“Focusonwhatyoulearned,notthegradesyoureceived(關(guān)注你學(xué)到了什么,而不是你得到的分?jǐn)?shù))”可知，本段建議關(guān)注自己所學(xué)的知識(shí)，而不是分?jǐn)?shù)，C選項(xiàng)“Whilegradesareimportant,theyaren`teverything.(雖然成績(jī)很重要，但它們不是一切。)”指出成績(jī)不是一切，符合語(yǔ)境，引出后面關(guān)于關(guān)注所學(xué)知識(shí)和技能的內(nèi)容，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?0題詳解】此空為小標(biāo)題；最后一段“Thefactthatyourbestfriendreceivedahighergradethanyoudoesn’tmeanyou’reafailure.Weneedtostopusingotherpeople’ssuccessesasameasureforourownself-worth.Lifeisn’tacompetition.Focusonyourownstrengths,appreciateyourselfmore,andsoonenoughyourjealousywilljustmeltaway.(你最好的朋友成績(jī)比你高并不意味著你是個(gè)失敗者。我們不能再用別人的成功來(lái)衡量自己的價(jià)值。生活不是一場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽。關(guān)注自己的長(zhǎng)處，多欣賞自己，很快你的嫉妒心就會(huì)消失。)”可知本段主要闡述不要和別人比較。A選項(xiàng)“Trynottocompareyourselftoothers(盡量不要把自己和別人作比較)”符合這一段的主題，是對(duì)內(nèi)容的恰當(dāng)概括。故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ApartfromGermany,thefirstforeignlanguageIeverlearntwasFrench,butitdidn’tgoverywell.MymotheraskedourneighbourtoteachmewhenIwasseven.Frenchwasn’this___21___language,butheusedtoliveinParis,sohecouldspeakwithfluency.However,___22___hishelp,thewordsfeltstrangeonmytongue,andIcouldn’tkeepthenew___23___straightinmymind.Also,Ijustdidn’tthinkthatit___24___mydailylifeinanyway.Thus,Ieventually___25___.Duringthenewsemesterofmyseniorhighschool,my___26___towardslanguagelearningchanged.OurGermanyteacherwasMrs.Hans:atall,slim,gracefullady.I’llneverforgetthefirstclassshe___27___herselftous.Sheneveronce___28___hervoice,butthemomentshebegantospeak,theroomfellsilent.The___29___wasthatMrs.HanslovedGermanlanguageandculture—andeverybodyinherclassescouldn’thelpbutlovethelanguage,too.Weall___30___thewayshetalkedaboutGermanfoodandtraditions.AndIrealizedwhat___31___agoodteacher.Agoodteacherissomeonewhoisinlovewithwhatsheorheis___32___.Amazingly,learningGermanwasn’ta___33___formelikelearningFrench.SoonIbegantoread___34___booksinGermany.Itcertainlywasn’teasy,butIgottoreadanumberofinterestingstories.ReadingGermanclassicsopenedawindowformetoanotherworldandgavemeanewpointof___35___onmyownworld.21.A.basic B.specific C.systematic D.native22.A.despite B.with C.for D.besides23.A.system B.character C.vocabulary D.dialect24.A.referredto B.ledto C.datedfrom D.rebatedto25.A.fellapart B.gaveup C.droppedout D.carriedon26.A.attitude B.appreciation C.description D.reference27.A.commented B.regarded C.stressed D.introduced28.A.lengthened B.raised C.affected D.destroyed29.A.reason B.factor C.summary D.symbol30.A.appreciated B.delivered C.suffered D.based31.A.shocks B.makes C.equals D.symbolises32.A.demanding B.teaching C.carving D.begging33.A.gap B.means C.variety D.struggle34.A.characteristic B.major C.classic D.global35.A.affair B.equality C.base D.view【答案