廣東省2024屆高三下學(xué)期3月一模英語試卷（含答案）

廣東省2024屆高三下學(xué)期3月一模英語試卷姓名：__________班級：__________考號：__________題號一二三四五六總分評分一、閱讀理解閱讀理解WelcometoWSULibraries!Inthisguide,we'llunlockthemysteriesofcallnumbersandlocationprefixes.KnowingthesehelpsyouquicklylocateandaccessyourdesiredCallNumbersBooksandmaterialarearrangedonourshelvesaccordingtotheLibraryofCongress(LC)classificationsystem.Thesecallnumbersuniquelyidentifyandorganizeitemsnearothermaterialonthesameorsimilarsubjects.Considerthecallnumber:LB2395C651991.●LBdefinesthesubjectarea.Thecalllettersaretypicallyarrangedinalphabetical(字母的)order,startingfromAandcontinuingthroughthealphabet.Knowingtheletter(s)foryoursubjectareagivesyouaplacetostartbrowsingtheshelves.Forexample:A—SpecialrequestGeneralWorks;B—SpecialrequestSpecialrequestPhilosophy,Psychology,Religion;D—SpecialrequestWorldHistory;G—Geography;H—SpecialrequestSocialSciences;J—SpecialrequestPoliticalScience;K—SpecialrequestLaw;L—SpecialrequestEducation;M—SpecialrequestMusic;N—SpecialrequestArts;P—SpecialrequestLanguageandLiterature;Q—SpecialrequestScience...Formore,clickhere.●2395istheclassificationnumber,whichfurtherdistinguishesthesubjectmatter.Readasawholenumber:1,2,3,45,100,2430...●C65istheCutternumberandusuallyrepresentstheauthor'slastname.FindC,then65.Readthenumberasadecimal(小數(shù)).●1991istheyearofpublication.LocationPrefixesSomecallnumbershavealocationprefix.Iocationprefixesmeanthatthebookormaterialisshelvedinaspecialplace,andmayhaveloanrestrictions.WSUusesthefollowingprefixes:PrefixCollectionLibraryLocationLoanPeriod[Blank]CirculatingCollection2ndfloor,3rdfloor,and4thfloor21-dayloanRefReferenceCollection1stfloor,ReferenceAreaLibrary-useonlyResReserveCollection1stfloor,CirculationAreaLibrary-useonlyVideoAudiovisuals2ndfloor,LearningResourcesCenterSpecialrequest1．Whichbookmaybeidentifiedunderthecallnumber"NU238C7192013"?A．AnIntroductiontoModernArt.B．TheABCofComputerScience.C．TheRecyclingofWasteOils.D．AShortHistoryofFrance.2．WhatwouldbeheCutlernumberifyouarelookingforabookbyWhitneySherman?A．C78. B．S53. C．W67. D．L59.3．Wherecanyoufindthebook"ResAG243G871992"?A．Onthe2ndor4thfloorofthelibrary.B．IntheReferenceAreaonthe1slfloor.C．IntheCirculationAreaonthe1stfloor.D．AttheLearningResourcesCenteronthe2ndfloor.閱讀理解ALetterfromWillaCathertoPresidentTomaSMasarykHonoredSir,Yourletter,senttomethroughyourLegationatWashington,confersuponmegreathonorandgivesmegreatpleasure.IamgladtohavecarriedamessagefromtheBohemian(波希米亞)neighbors,whomIgrewupwith,totheirhomecountryoftheCzechRepublic.IhavejustreturnedtoNewYork,whereIhadthepleasureoftakingAnniePavelka,theliving"Antonia"inmybookMyAntonia,andsixofherchildrentothefirstscreeningofALostLady.Ihavethegoodfortunetoproserverelationswithmostofmycharacters."Antonia"andhersplendidchildrenarefleshandbloodrealities.EverytimeIgobacktothem,Ifeelhowmuchmoreinterestingandlovabletheyarethanmypictureofthem.IwishIcouldpresentthemtoyouinperson.IregretthatIcannotsatisfactorilymeetyourkindrequestforbiographical(傳記的)material.Iavoidbiographers,askingthemtowaituntilIgetmyworkfurtheralong.Myfirstnovelwaspublishedin1912,andaperiodoftwelveyearsishardlylongenoughforawritertofindtheformbestsuitedforwriting.IwasnotyoungwhenIbegantowrite,andthoughlivingisagoodpreparationforwriting,Idoneedmoretimetoacquireasimpleandmodestwayofpresentingmywork,howeverwellIknowwhatIwishtopresent.Iamabletosendyouaverygoodphotographtakenrecently.Iencloseashortbiographicalaccountwhichmypublishersuseforpublicitypurposes,andsomecasualreviews.Biographiesusuallybegintocomealongjustaboutthetimeawriterhasnomoretosay,andIdonotfeelthattimehasyetcometome.Ibegyou,PresidentMasaryk,tobelieveinmygratefulappreciationofyourletter.Respectfullyyours,WillaCather4．WhoisAntonia?A．Adirectorofamovie.B．Acharacterinabook.C．Cather'srelativeinNewYork.D．Cather'sneighborfromBohemia.5．Whatdoestheauthorneedforamostsuitablewritingstyleaccordingtoparagraph3?A．Time. B．Youth.C．Publishers'advice. D．Financialsupport.6．Whatdoeswritingabiographymeantotheauthoraccordingtoparagraph4?A．Aninspirationtoherreaders.B．Arecordofherachievements.C．Awindowintoawriter'sworld.D．Anendpointinawriter'scareer.7．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthisletter?A．TorebuildherBohemianconnection.B．Todeclinethepresident'srequest.C．Toexplainherphilosophyofwriting.D．Toappreciatethepresident'sinterest.閱讀理解Ifyou'venoticedyou'regettinglesswhileyourbillalmoststaysthesame,it'snotjustyou."Shrinkflation"—reducingaproduct'ssizeorquantitywhilekeepingitspricestableisshowingupinshopsaroundtheworld.Astheglobaleconomystruggleswithinflation(通貨膨脹),risingmaterialcostsandhigherhumancost,consumersarebearingtheincreasingproductionprices."Consumersaremorelikelytonoticehowtheirpurchasesareaffectingtheirwalletsthantheamountofproductlost'whensizesdecrease,"saysMarkStiving,thechiefpricingeducatoratImpactPricing.Asaresult,companiesuseshrinkflationtomakeconsumers"lesspainful"Yetevenasshrinkflationcomeswithinflation,theproblemdoesn'tendafterinflationdoes.Oncethenewsizesareontheshelf,theyarelikelytostaythatway."Shoppersdon'thaveachoice.Theyhavetoadaptthemselvestothechanges,"addsStiving.Therearerareexceptions,butcompaniesgenerallytaketheopportunitytogetmoreprofits.Formanycompanies,shrinkflationseemstobeunavoidable.Infoodindustry,forexample,wherecustomersarehighlysensitivetoprice,liftingpricesmightmakecustomersjumpshiptoanotherbrand.Butfacingthecontinuousinflation,thecompanieshavetodosomethingtomaintaintheirprofits.Introducingsmallreductioninthesizeoftheirgoodsshouldenablethemtoimproveprofitswhilekeepingtheirpricescompetitive.Butoncecustomersnoticethechange,theymightfeelfooled,leadingtoalossoftrustandconfidence.Somegrocersareusingstickerstoremindshoppersofshrinkflation,butstill,it'satoughhittothebottomline--especiallybecausethepriceofproductsgenerallydoesn'tfallasinflationdoes.Consumersmayneedtoexaminebothpriceandsizesensiblyastheyshop,andmakesuretheydon'tfallintothetrapofthatsupersizeontheshelf.8．Whydoesshrinkflationmakeconsumers"lesspainful"accordingtoStiving?A．Shrinkflationreduceshumancost.B．Shrinkflationraisespurchasingpower.C．Consumersbecomemoreawareofsize.D．Consumersexperiencelittleincreaseincost.9．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．Theconcernsofshoppers. B．Theinterestsofcompanies.C．Theimpactofshrinkflation. D．Thephenomenonofinflation.10．Whatistheauthor'saliudetotheshrinklationinparagraph4?A．Favorable. B．Objective. C．Dismissive. D．Unclear.11．Whatshouldconsumersdoaccording10thelastparagraph?A．Drawabottomline. B．Putwarningstickers.C．Choosesmallerpacks. D．Makeaconsciousdecision.閱讀理解Welearnabouttheworldthroughtheknowledgeaccumulated(積累)overthousandsofyears.Standingontheshouldersofgreatmen,wedon'thavetoexperienceendlesstrialanderror,justasthewheelsdonothavetobereinventedeachtimetorunacar.Butwheredoesourabilitytolearnfromotherscomefrom?AstudyledbyMarkusPaulus,professoratLoyolaMarymountUniversity,showsthattheabilityhasitsrootsinearliestchildhood."I'sgenerallyassumedthatchildren'sabilitytoimitate(模仿)isinborn,butaccordingtoourobservation,childrenimitatebecausetheythemselvesareimitatedbycaregivers.Thisinteractionenablesaculturaltransferofknowledge,which,throughgenerations'efforts,consequentlyleadstothedevelopmentofhumanbeings,"saysMarkusPaulus.Inthisresearch,Paulusrecordedtheinteractionbetweenmotherandchildoverseveralmonths.Thebabiescameintothelabforthefirsttimeattheageof6months,whiletheirfinalvisitwaswhentheywere18monthsold.Astheyengagedinvariousplaysituations,theinteractionsandimitationsofmotherandchildwereanalyzed.Thelong-termstudyshowedwhatthemoresensitiveamotherwasinherinteractionswithhersix-month-oldchildandthemoreoftensheimitatedthebaby,thegreaterthechild'soverallabilitywasattheageof18months.Paulus'researchshowsthatmutualimitationisthekeystoneofknowledgetransfer,throughwhichchildrensuccessfullylearnvariousskills,suchashowtouseobjects,wavingandacquisitionoflanguage."Thisinteractionisthenucleusoflearningand,finally,givesrisetoevolutionarysuccessofhuman,"saysPaulus."Culurallearningisanessentialpartofhumanevolution,anditisrootedintheimitationofothers,particularlyouncaregiversduringourearliestchildhood,"saysPaulus."Throughthis,welearnfromeachotherandpassonknowledgetothenextgeneration,socertainactionsortechniquesdonothavetobeconstantlyinventedagain."12．Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleofwheels?A．Topraisetheinventionofcarwheels.B．Todescribetheprocessoftrialanderror.C．Toemphasizethenecessityofnewtools.D．Toshowtheimportanceofpriorknowledge.13．WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulus'research?A．Children'simitationwasrecordedbymothers.B．Sensitivemothersencouragedchildren'simitation.C．Children'sabilitywasanalyzedthroughinteraction.D．Effectiveinteractionpromotedchildren'sdevelopment.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"nucleus"meaninparagraph4?A．Core. B．Result. C．Aim. D．Content.15．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．WhydoesEvolutionMatter?B．HowtoInteractwithChildren?C．Imitation:TheEngineofEvolutionD．CulturalLearning:TheRootofImitation二、七選五七選五Gettingoldermeansgreatermaturityandwisdom.16．Inasocietythatisagingfast,ithasbecomecrucialtofindwaystopreventrelatedmentalandemotionaldisorders.Musicemergesasapromisinglookforpromotingwell-beingoftheelderly.Musichasagreatpowertocausestrongemotionsandintensepleasure.17．Singinganddancingtomusicwithothersisnotonlyfunbutalsoimprovesmood.Musicalactivitiesaregreatwaystoreducestressbecausetheytakeourmindsoffproblems.Theyalsohelpusfeellesslonelyandmoreconnectedwithotherpeople.18．Asongmaybecomeasoundtrackforaparticulartime,suchasadelightfulpartywithfriendsthatyouhadalongtimeago.Listeningtothatsongallowsyoutorememberallthehappymemoriesfromthattime.Finally,musiccontributestokeepingourthinkingskillssharp.Itmakesourbrainsworkhardinuniquewaystounderstandtherhythmandmelody.19．Forexample,exposuretobackgroundmusic,particularlyclassicalmusic,duringcognilive(認(rèn)知的)tasksisshownloimproveolderpeople'scognitiveprocesses,suchasprocessingspeedandworkingmemory.Inconclusion,musicisapowerfullooklofightagainstaging-relatedemotionalandcognitiveproblems.Itisanenjoyableandsocialactivily,availabletoanyoneregardlessoftheirbackgroundorpreviousmusicalexperience.20．A.Musiccanalsoopenforgottendoorsloourmemories.B.Recallinghappymemoriescanliftourmoodonabadday.C.Evenpassivemusiclisteningcanhelpelderlyadultsthinkbetter.D.Thishelpspeoplefeelbetterwhentheyaredepressedoranxious.E.However,itofteninvolvesaseriesofphysicalandmentalchallenges.F.Theabilitytoformnewmemoriesisessentialforprocessinginformation.G.Thus,thisaccessibleinterventionshouldbecomeamajorpolicypriorityforhealthyaging.三、完形填空（15空）完形填空SummerClaylonmaynothavechildreninreallife,buthe'sa"prouddad"to2.8millionpeopleontheInternet.Everyweek,hesitsdowntodinnerandhasa21．chatwithhis"kids".Helooksintothecameraandasksabouttheirday.He22．themhowtoshave,andremindsthemit'sOKtobe23．whenlifehurls.Tosome,hisone-wayconversationsmayseem24．Buthiseffortshavestruckachord(引起共鳴)amongpeoplewho25．a(chǎn)fatherfigure—orjustsomeonewholistenslotheir26．inthedailylife.Claytonisacivilianfitnesstrainerinreallife.Hestarted27．ontheInternetinlate2020with-inspirationalandhow-tovideos,and28．jokinglycalledhim"dad"Hisfirstvideotogoviralwasashavinghow-10-a29．tosomeonewhosenthimamessageasking,"heyDad,canyouteachmehowtoshave?"Thevideo30．,earninghimlensofthousandsofnewfanswithinhours.Clayton'sextendedfamilycomesinall31．.Manyofhis"kids"areoldenoughtobehisparents.Clayton's32．doesn'tseemtobotherhisfans.Al58,SarahD'ImperiomaynotseemlikeClaylon'slargeaudience,butshebelievesthatit'sa(n)33．—idea,especiallyforyoungsterswhomaynothaveapaternal(父親的)rolemodelthatlistensorhas34．tolisten."It'sjustheartwarmingtoseesomeone,tryingto35．a(chǎn)smallpartofthatroleforanyone,"shesays.21．A．quick B．formal C．secret D．virtual22．A．trains B．convinces C．teaches D．supports23．A．painful B．peaceful C．shameful D．hopeful24．A．dull B．lough C．silly D．brief25．A．find B．need C．a(chǎn)dmit D．start26．A．decisions B．hobbies C．excuses D．troubles27．A．posting B．profiting C．searching D．donating28．A．critics B．followers C．experts D．reporters29．A．suggestion B．promise C．reward D．responise30．A．caughtup B．cameout C．blewup D．heldout31．A．places B．a(chǎn)ges C．types D．classes32．A．faith B．experience C．youth D．a(chǎn)ppearance33．A．brilliant B．a(chǎn)mbitious C．complicated D．a(chǎn)bstract34．A．luck B．time C．energy D．honor35．A．value B．create C．define D．fill四、短文填空語法填空（短文）BornintoanethnicMiaofamilyinruralGuizhouProvince,ZhangwasexposedfromayoungagetotherichtraditionofMiaoembroidery(刺繡)一36．culturalcraftthathasbeenpasseddownthroughgenerations.Shespentcountlesshoursasachild37．(observe)hermotherandgrandmotherstitchingfancypatternsontofabricsbyhand.In2003,hopingtomodermizeandsharethisheritage,sheopenedherfirstclothingshopintheprovincialcapital.Adecade,later,Zhang38．(establish)herownclothingbrandfoousedoncombiningtraditionalChinese-styleqipaodresseswithcolorfulcustomizedembroiderypatterns."WehavetrainedhundredsoflocalMiaowomenintheancientneedleworktechniques,"Zhang39．(proud)remarked."Theclothinglinecelebratesthebreathtakinghandiwork,40．Ihopeadvancesmyhomevillage'srevitalization."Her41．(commit)toculturalpreservationandruraldevelopmentwasrecognizedin2019,whentheChinaWomen'sHandicraftInnovationandEntrepreneurshipCompetition42．(hold)andZhang'sinnovativedesigncollectionwontophonors.Ianinterviewafterwards,shereflectedonbothpreservingtraditionalskillsthroughnewmedia,43．expandingeconomicopportunitiesforartisans."Weattachequalimportance44．culturalinheritanceandmarketexpansion,"Zhangstated."Inthefuture,we'llcontinueinnovatingdesigns45．(display)Miaoembroidery'sbeautyanddiversity.五、書面表達(dá)46．假定你是李華,你校將舉辦"經(jīng)典文化探索展",并通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)進行直播。請你給外國筆友Hans寫封郵件,邀請他在線觀看。內(nèi)容包括:1.活動介紹;2.觀看時間、方式;3.你的期待。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearHans,Yours,LiHua六、讀后續(xù)寫47．閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。WhenMaryenteredtheSouthPolePenguinResearchLab,shesawherfriendTomgentlystroking(輕撫)apenguininhisarms.Aschildrenofthelabscientists,MaryandTomoftenobservedtheemperorpenguinsthatwerestudiedtounderstandhowtheyadaptedtoextremetemperatures--insightsthatcouldaidhumansurvival."We'rethirteen,Tom.It'stimetogrowupandstopplayingwiththelabpenguins,"saidMaryasshestartedcleaning."They'reresearchanimals,notpets.""Butthebirdslistentome!"insistedTom,hisbreathformingatcloudinthefreezingair."You'rejusttryingtobeapenguinwhispereragain,"Maryreplied,shakingherheadwithagentlesmile.Thepenguinsseemedplayful,astheywalked,dove,swamandchasedtheirlivefishforsportbeforeeating.Suddenly,analarmrangoutandredlightsflashed,signalingaproblem.Thekidsrushiedovertolookintoit."I'scolderthanbefore-there'siceformingonthewater,"notedTom.Thoughalwayscold,Maryhadneverseeniceherebefore.Shecheckedthehabitatmonitorandfoundthatthetemperaturehadgonedownalot."Theheatermustbebroken!"Maryquicklysentamessagetotheirparents'researchteam;whowereconductingoutdoorstudies.Withtheadultsaway,thekidswouldhavetodealwiththefreezingconditionsuntilhelparrived.TimedraggedasMaryandTomanxiouslywaited.Theincreasingcoldcausedthemtoshake."Iwonderwhatemperorpenguinsdoinextremecold,sincetheystayinthePoleallwinterinsteadofgoing,somewherewarmer,"askedMary."Theyhuddle(擠作一團),"Tomanswered."Theyhuddletogethertightlysothatthebirdsinthemiddlewillbewarmenough.""Whatabouttheonesontheedge?"Maryasked."Theypushtheirwaytowardsthecenter,andthenmovebackouttotheedge,andstrugglebackagain.Scientistsintheearly21stcenturyrecordedit."Herepliedashestaredatthelargecrowdofthepenguinsinthelab.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。"Ihaveanideatostaywarm!"Tomshoutedexcitedly.Twoandahalfhourslater,theparentsreturnedwithhelp.

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．B3．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，是WSU圖書館使用指南，詳細(xì)解釋了如何利用圖書館的藏書系統(tǒng)，特別是如何通過書目的索書號和位置前綴來快速定位并獲取所需的書籍。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進行理解。1．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)CallNumbers部分中的"Forexample:A—Generalworks;B—Philosophy,Psychology,Religion;D—worldHistory;G—Geography;H—socialsciences;J—Politicalscience;K—Law;L—Education;M—Music;N—Arts;P—LanguageandLiterature;Q—science."例如：A.一般作品；B.哲學(xué)、心理學(xué)、宗教；D.世界歷史；G.地理；H.社會科學(xué)；J.政治學(xué)；K.定律；L.教育；M.音樂；N.藝術(shù)；P.語言文學(xué)；Q.科學(xué)?？芍?，索書號N代表了藝術(shù)類書籍，"現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)概論"的索書號可能為"NU238C7192013"。故選A。2．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)CallNumbers部分中的"?C65istheCutternumberandusuallyrepresentstheauthor'slastname.FindC,then65.Readthenumberasadecimal(小數(shù))."C65是卡特號，通常代表作者的姓氏。先找到C，然后找到65。這個號碼需要作為小數(shù)來讀取?？芍?，如果想找WhitneySherman的書，我們可以使用卡特號索引，用作者的姓氏開頭字母S。故選B。3．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)表格中Res部分中的"1stfloor,CirculationArea"可知，Res開頭的索書號存放在圖書館一樓CirculationArea；書號為"RESAG243G871992"的書可以圖書館一樓CirculationArea找到。故選C?！敬鸢浮?．B5．A6．D7．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，美國作家WillaCather寫信禮貌謝絕TomasMasaryk總統(tǒng)索要詳盡的個人傳記資料的請求。

【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個題型的考查，是一封信，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的"IhavejustreturnedtoNewYork,whereIhadthepleasureoftakingAnniePavelka,theliving‘Antonia'inmybookMyAntonia,andsixofherchildrentothefirstscreeningofALostLady."我剛剛回到紐約，在那里我有幸?guī)е业臅鳰yAntonia中活生生的"安東尼婭"安妮·帕維爾卡和她的六個孩子去看了《迷失的女人》的第一場放映?？芍?，Antonia是書中的人物。故選B。5．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"IwasnotyoungwhenIbegantowrite,andthoughlivingisagoodpreparationforwriting,Idoneedmoretimetoacquireasimpleandmodestwayofpresentingmywork,howeverwellIknowwhatIwishtopresent."我開始寫作的時候并不年輕，雖然生活是寫作的一個很好的準(zhǔn)備，但我確實需要更多的時間來掌握一種簡單而謙虛的方式來展示我的作品，無論我多么清楚我想展示什么?？芍髡弑磉_(dá)了拒絕的遺憾，并解釋她需要時間去完善寫作風(fēng)格。故選A。6．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的"Biographiesusuallybegintocomealongjustaboutthetimeawriterhasnomoretosay,andIdonotfeelthattimehasyetcometome."傳記通常是在作家無話可說的時候開始出現(xiàn)的，而我卻不覺得時機已經(jīng)到了?？赏浦?，寫傳記對作者來說意味著作家生涯的終點。故選D。7．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"IregretthatIcannotsatisfactorilymeetyourkindrequestforbiographical(傳記的)material."很遺憾，我不能滿意地滿足您對傳記資料的要求；以及文章內(nèi)容可知，這封信的目的是謝絕Masaryk總統(tǒng)索要詳盡的個人傳記資料的請求。為此，作者首先感謝總統(tǒng)的來信；分享與過去的人和小說中的人物聯(lián)系的喜悅；解釋不能提供傳記材料的原因；附上一張近照和一段簡短的傳記以示對該請求的尊重和感激。故選B?！敬鸢浮?．D9．C10．B11．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，作者客觀地介紹了縮水型通貨膨脹這一現(xiàn)象及其成因，并給消費者提出了貼合實際的建議。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。細(xì)節(jié)題、觀點態(tài)度題和主旨題從題型上看屬于有難度的題型，細(xì)節(jié)題需要根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞從文中找出答案；觀點態(tài)度題需要考生根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞，推斷出所需要的信息；主旨題，則需要考生掌握全文結(jié)構(gòu)和行文脈絡(luò)，重點關(guān)注每段的中心句或首句，利用關(guān)鍵詞獲取主旨大意。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中"Consumersaremorelikelytonoticehowtheirpurchasesareaffectingtheirwalletsthantheamountofproductlost'whensizesdecrease當(dāng)尺寸減小時，消費者更有可能注意到他們的購買對他們錢包的影響，而不是產(chǎn)品損失的數(shù)量"，可知縮水式通貨膨脹讓消費者"不那么痛苦"的原因是消費者的成本幾乎沒有增加，故選D。9．段落大意題。根據(jù)本段第一句"Yetevenasshrinkflationcomeswithinflation,theproblemdoesn'tendafterinflationdoes然而，即使縮水式通脹伴隨著通脹而來，問題也不會在通脹結(jié)束后才結(jié)束"，可知本段介紹的是通脹結(jié)束后縮水型通貨膨脹的影響，故選C。10．觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第四段中"Formanycompanies,shrinkflationseemstobeunavoidable對許多公司來說，縮水式通脹似乎是不可避免的"，可知作者作者對縮水式通脹的態(tài)度是客觀的，故選B。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中"Consumersmayneedtoexaminebothpriceandsizesensiblyastheyshop,andmakesuretheydon'tfallintothetrapofthatsupersizeontheshelf消費者在購物時可能需要理智地檢查價格和尺碼，并確保自己不會落入貨架上超大號商品的陷阱"，可知作者建議消費者要做處有意識的決定，故選D?！敬鸢浮?2．D13．D14．A15．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了模仿對于人際互動，學(xué)習(xí)和人類文明演進的重要性。

【點評】本題考點涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和標(biāo)題歸納四個題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，掌握大意，然后結(jié)合具體的題目，再讀短文，從中找出相關(guān)信息，就可以確定正確答案。12．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段"Welearnabouttheworldthroughtheknowledgeaccumulated(積累)overthousandsofyears.Standingontheshouldersofgreatmen,wedon'thavetoexperienceendlesstrialanderror,justasthewheelsdonothavetobereinventedeachtimetorunacar.Butwheredoesourabilitytolearnfromotherscomefrom?"我們通過幾千年積累的知識來了解世界。站在偉人的肩膀上，我們不必經(jīng)歷無盡的嘗試和錯誤，就像汽車的輪子不必每次都重新發(fā)明一樣。但是我們向別人學(xué)習(xí)的能力從何而來呢？；以及第二段中的"It'sgenerallyassumedthatchildren'sabilitytoimitate(模仿)isinborn,butaccordingtoourobservation,childrenimitatebecausetheythemselvesareimitatedbycaregivers.Thisinteractionenablesaculturaltransferofknowledge,which,throughgenerations'efforts,consequentlyleadstothedevelopmentofhumanbeings"人們通常認(rèn)為孩子的模仿能力是天生的，但根據(jù)我們的觀察，孩子模仿是因為他們自己被照顧者模仿。這種相互作用使知識的文化轉(zhuǎn)移成為可能，通過幾代人的努力，知識的文化轉(zhuǎn)移最終導(dǎo)致了人類的發(fā)展?？赏浦?，作者提到輪子的例子是為了強調(diào)先前知識的重要性。正是站在巨人的肩膀上，我們不必再重新進行研究和試驗。故選D。13．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"Thelong-termstudyshowedthatthemoresensitiveamotherwasinherinteractionswithhersix-month-oldchildandthemoreoftensheimitatedthebaby,thegreaterthechild'soverallabilitywasattheageof18months."這項長期研究表明，母親在與6個月大的孩子互動時越敏感，她模仿孩子的次數(shù)越多，孩子在18個月大時的整體能力就越強?？芍琍aulus的研究表明，媽媽越頻繁地模仿孩子，孩子的發(fā)育水平越好。所以說，有效的互動促進了孩子們的發(fā)展。故選D。14．考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第四段中的"oflearningand,finally,givesrisetoevolutionarysuccessofhuman"可知，這種相互作用最終導(dǎo)致了人類進化的成功，說明是學(xué)習(xí)的核心，劃線詞nucleus意思是"核心"。故選A。15．考查標(biāo)題歸納。根據(jù)最后一段"‘Culturallearningisanessentialpartofhumanevolution,anditisrootedintheimitationofothers,particularlyourcaregiversduringourearliestchildhood,'saysPaulus.‘Throughthis,welearnfromeachotherandpassonknowledgetothenextgeneration,socertainactionsortechniquesdonothavetobeconstantlyinventedagain.'""文化學(xué)習(xí)是人類進化的重要組成部分，它植根于對他人的模仿，尤其是我們童年早期的照顧者，"保盧斯說。"通過這種方式，我們相互學(xué)習(xí)，并將知識傳授給下一代，因此某些動作或技術(shù)不必不斷地重新發(fā)明。"；結(jié)合文章主要講述了模仿在人類進化中的重要性，強調(diào)了模仿對于人類進化的推動作用。"模仿：進化的引擎"適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選C?！敬鸢浮?6．E；17．D；18．A；19．C；20．G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。論述了音樂對于老年人身心健康的好處，音樂能夠引起強烈的情感和愉悅感、音樂活動有助于減輕壓力、音樂能夠觸發(fā)記憶以及音樂有助于保持思維敏銳。

【點評】考查七選五，本文是一篇科普類閱讀，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空后"Inasocietythatisagingfast,ithasbecomecrucialtofindwaystopreventrelatedmentalandemotionaldisorders."在一個快速老齡化的社會中，找到預(yù)防相關(guān)精神和情感障礙的方法變得至關(guān)重要?？芍?，老年人情感方面會產(chǎn)生問題。E.However,itofteninvolvesaseriesofphysicalandmentalchallenges."然而，它通常涉及一系列身體和精神上的挑戰(zhàn)。"指出變老會在身體和心理上出現(xiàn)問題，與空前形成轉(zhuǎn)折，同時自然引出下文內(nèi)容，符合語境。故選E。17．根據(jù)空前"Musichasagreatpowertocausestrongemotionsandintensepleasure."音樂有一種巨大的力量，能引起強烈的情感和強烈的快樂?？芍魳纺軌蛞饛娏业那楦泻涂鞓?。D.Thishelpspeoplefeelbetterwhentheyaredepressedoranxious."這有助于人們在抑郁或焦慮時感覺好一些。"其中的"this"指的正是上文提到的音樂所具有的力量，而這種力量能讓人們在抑郁或焦慮時感覺好一些。故選D。18．根據(jù)空后"Asongmaybecomeasoundtrackforaparticulartime,suchasadelightfulpartywithfriendsthatyouhadalongtimeago.Listeningtothatsongallowsyoutorememberallthehappymemoriesfromthattime."一首歌可能成為某一特定時刻的配樂，比如很久以前你和朋友一起參加的一個愉快的聚會。聽那首歌會讓你想起那時候所有的快樂回憶。可知，本段主要講述的是音樂可以讓你想起曾經(jīng)的快樂的回憶。A.Musiccanalsoopenforgottendoorsloourmemories."音樂也可以打開被遺忘的記憶之門。"指的是音樂可以讓我們想起曾經(jīng)的記憶，與本段內(nèi)容相符，適合作為主旨句，引領(lǐng)下文。故選A。19．根據(jù)空后"Forexample,exposuretobackgroundmusic,particularlyclassicalmusic,duringcognitive(認(rèn)知的)tasksisshowntoimproveolderpeople'scognitiveprocesses,suchasprocessingspeedandworkingmemory."例如，在認(rèn)知任務(wù)中，暴露在背景音樂中，特別是古典音樂，被證明可以改善老年人的認(rèn)知過程，如處理速度和工作記憶?？芍?，下文例子想要表達(dá)的是置身于音樂之中就可以改善老年人的認(rèn)知過程。C.Evenpassivemusiclisteningcanhelpelderlyadultsthinkbetter."即使是被動聽音樂也能幫助老年人更好地思考。"與下文內(nèi)容一致，指的是音樂可以提高老年人的思維能力。故選C。20．根據(jù)空前"Inconclusion,musicisapowerfultooltofightagainstaging-relatedemotionalandcognitiveproblems.Itisanenjoyableandsocialactivity,availabletoanyoneregardlessoftheirbackgroundorpreviousmusicalexperience."總之，音樂是對抗與衰老相關(guān)的情感和認(rèn)知問題的有力工具。這是一項令人愉快的社交活動，任何人都可以參加，無論他們的背景或以前的音樂經(jīng)歷如何?？芍?，本段是全文的總結(jié)，指出音樂是延緩老年人衰老的重要方式。G.Thus,thisaccessibleinterventionshouldbecomeamajorpolicypriorityforhealthyaging."因此，這種可獲得的干預(yù)措施應(yīng)成為健康老齡化的主要政策優(yōu)先事項。"是上文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，指出既然音樂可以延緩老年人衰老，那么我們可以讓這種干預(yù)措施成為健康老齡化的主要政策優(yōu)先事項。故選G?！敬鸢浮?1．D；22．C；23．A；24．C；25．B；26．D；27．A；28．B；29．D；30．C；31．B；32．C；33．A；34．B；35．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了SummerClayton雖然在現(xiàn)實世界中沒有孩子，但他通過在網(wǎng)上扮演父親的形象和孩子說話，發(fā)布了許多具有啟發(fā)性、指導(dǎo)性的的視頻，成為網(wǎng)上280萬人的"驕傲爸爸"。

【點評】考查完形填空，本題考點涉及動詞，名詞，形容詞，固定短語等多個知識點的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行分析推理，從而選出正確答案。21．句意：每周，他都會坐下來吃飯，并與他的"孩子們"進行虛擬聊天。A.quick"快速的"；B.formal"正規(guī)的"；C.secret"秘密的"；D.virtual"虛擬的"。根據(jù)上文"he's‘a(chǎn)prouddad'to2.8millionpeopleontheInternet"；以及下文"Helooksintothecameraandasksabouttheirday."他看著鏡頭，詢問他們一天的情況。可知，他在網(wǎng)上和孩子們進行虛擬聊天。故選D。22．句意：他教他們?nèi)绾喂魏?，并提醒他們在生活造成傷害時痛苦是正常的。A.trains"訓(xùn)練"；B.convinces"使相信"；C.teaches"教"；D.supports"支持"。根據(jù)下文"Hisfirstvideotogoviralwasashavinghow-to"可知，他教孩子們?nèi)绾喂魏?。故選C。23．句意：他教他們?nèi)绾喂魏?，并提醒他們在生活造成傷害時痛苦是正常的。A.painful"困難的，令人痛苦的"；B.peaceful"和平的"；C.shameful"丟臉的"；D.hopeful"抱有希望的"。根據(jù)空后"whenlifehurts"可知，在生活中受傷時，感到痛苦是沒什么的。故選A。24．句意：對一些人來說，他的單向?qū)υ捒赡芸雌饋砗苡薮?。A.dull"枯燥無味的"；B.tough"艱難的"；C.silly"傻的，愚蠢的"；D.brief"簡潔的"。根據(jù)下文But可知，前后句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；以及"Buthiseffortshavestruckachord(引起共鳴)amongpeoplewho5afatherfigure—orjustsomeonewholistenstotheir6inthedailylife."可知，他的努力在一些人當(dāng)中能夠引起共鳴，再結(jié)合常識可知，他單方面的對話可能在一些人看來很愚蠢。故選C。25．句意：但在需要一個父親形象或者只是一個在日常生活中傾聽他們煩惱的人的那些人當(dāng)中——他的努力引起了共鳴。A.find"發(fā)現(xiàn)"；B.need"需要"；C.admit"承認(rèn)"；D.start"開始"。根據(jù)空后"afatherfigure—orjustsomeonewholistenstotheir6inthedailylife"；以及下文"especiallyforyoungsterswhomaynothaveapaternal(父親的)role