2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit4Globalwarming單元加餐練含解析新人教版選修6

PAGE1-單元加餐練Ⅰ.閱讀理解Whenpolicyexpertsdebateclimatechangesolutions,theyoftentalkabout“apriceoncarbon”.Theyarearguingaboutwhethercompaniesshouldpaywhentheyputcarbonpollutionintheair.Buthere'sthesecretthatmostpeopleseemtobemissing:Therealreadyisapriceoncarbon,andit'spaidbythetaxpayers.Carbonpollution,likeeveryotherformofpollution,hasanimpactontheenvironment.Throwingwasteintoariverwillcausethefishtodieandthepeoplewhodrinkthewatertogetsick.Andwhenyouproducecarbonpollution,yougetclimatechange—sealevelrise,strongerstorms,severedroughts,damagetoagriculture,andmore.Allofthoseimpactscostmoney.Insuranceratesgoupwhenstormsgetmoredestructive.Taxesincreasewhencitieshavetorebuildbridgesandroads.Militarybudgetsgoupwhendroughtsandpopulationchangescauseconflicts.Nottomentionimpactsonagricultureandhealthcarecosts.Inotherwords,thepriceoncarboniswhatweallpaywhenthereisnomarketforcetolimitthepollutionthatcausesclimatechange.Sothedebateisreallyaboutwhowillpaythatprice—thecompanieswhoaremakingaprofitfromthefossilfuels,orthetaxpayerswhopickupthecostnow.Rightnow,wehaveprivateprofitandpubliccost.It'sjustlikeifweallowedeverybusinesstothrowitsgarbageinthestreetbecauseit'stooexpensivetohaveitmovedawayproperly.Doesitaddalittlebittoyourdinnerchecktorequirethatrestaurantsthrowawaytheirtrashproperly?Sure.Butitwouldbemoreexpensiveforyouifthecityhadtocleanthestreetsoftheirgarbageeveryday.Sojustlikeweputa“priceongarbage”weneeda“priceoncarbonpollution”.Now,a“priceoncarbonpollution”canmeanalotofthings.Youcouldtaxcompaniesbasedontheamountofcarbonpollutiontheyproduce,andreturnthemoneytotaxpayers.Youcouldputalimitonhowmuchtheycanproduce,therebyrequiringthemtoinvestinwaystoconductbusinessinalesspollutingway.語(yǔ)篇解讀：誰(shuí)該為碳污染買單？是企業(yè)還是納稅者？事實(shí)上納稅者已經(jīng)在為碳污染買單，這好像是人們忽視了的一個(gè)隱私。政策專家希望公司為碳污染買單。1．Whatdothepolicyexpertsargueaboutcarbonpollution?A．Whethertaxpayerscouldgetprofitfromit.B．Whetherthecompaniesshouldpayforit.C．Whohavetheabilitytochangeit.D．Howmuchshouldbepaidforit.解析：選B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Theyarearguingaboutwhethercompaniesshouldpay”可知，政策專家探討的是公司是否應(yīng)為碳污染買單。2．What'sthemainideaofParagraph2?A．Someotherformsofpollution.B．Theeffectsofcarbonpollution.C．Thesignsofcarbonpollution.D．Thewaytoreducecarbonpollution.解析：選B段落大意題。其次段第一句“Carbonpollution,likeeveryotherformofpollution,hasanimpactontheenvironment”為該段的主題句，所以該段主要講碳污染的影響。3．Theauthorreferredtorestaurantsinthepassagemainlyto________.A．proveeverybusinessdoesn'tperformitsdutyB．warnreaderstoprotecttheenvironmentaroundC．explainthedamageofnopolicyoncarbonpollutionD．showsomerestaurantsthrowawaytheirtrashrandomly解析：選C推理推斷題。由倒數(shù)其次段中的“Sojustlikeweputa‘priceongarbage’weneeda‘priceoncarbonpollution’”可知，作者談及飯店是為了說(shuō)明沒(méi)有有效政策來(lái)約束碳污染的危害。4．Accordingtothepassage,whatdoesthe“priceoncarbonpollution”mean?A．Tellingthetaxpayerstorefusetopaytaxesoncarbonpollution.B．Makingthegovernmentinvesttoreducecarbonpollution.C．Increasingpricesoftheproductsfromcompanies.D．Taxingcompaniesoncarbonpollutiontheyproduce.解析：選D推理推斷題。通讀全文，尤其是最終一段可知，作者建議向排放碳的公司征稅，故D項(xiàng)正確。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Wanttoliveinaperfectlycleanenvironmentandmakeitshinebrightly?__1__Thenyouwillnotneedtopurchaseexpensivecleaningproducts.CleanthetoiletwithCoke.It'samazinghowpowerfulCokemightbeasatoiletcleaner.__2__You'llsaveyourhealthbynotconsumingchemicalsthatCokecontainsandsavemoneybynotpurchasingprofessionalcleaners.Poursomecolaoverthestainsandleaveitallforafewhours.Thenletwaterwashthetoilet!Removewaterstainswithorangepeels.You'vejusteatenanorange.__3__Donotthrowawaythoseorangepeels.Youcanusetheskinstocleanstainlesssteel.Yourapplianceswillshineagainafteryourub(擦)themwiththeskins.Thepeelscaneasilymakethosestubbornstainsdisappearinasecond.Usebananapeelstopolishleatherfurniture.Expertsclaimthatbananapeelsaregreatforpolishingleathersofasandarmchairs.Bananaskinsarerichinoilsandhavetherighttexturetodothetask.__4__Afterwards,removetheleftoverwithacloth.Thistrickissimpleandcheap.Useitifyouwantyourleatherfurnituretolookbrandnewagain.__5__Whywouldyouwanttobuyonewhenyoucanmakeyourownproductthatischeapandnon-toxic(無(wú)毒的)?Justpour2litersofslightlywarmwaterintoadeepbowl.Thenadd50mlwhitevinegarandhalfateaspoonofdishwashingliquid.Shakethebowlandthenfillupaplasticspraywiththemixture.Useittocleanwindowsandmirrors.Makeyourglasssurfacescleanandshiny.A．Waitaminute!B．Makeyourownglasscleaner.C．Followthestepsgivenbelow.D．Ofcourseyouransweris“yes”．E．Theyleavenomarksorscratches.F．Insteadofdrinkingit,useittocleanthetoiletbowl.G．Theyareeconomicalandsafetouseonalloffurniture.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。想生活在一個(gè)干凈的生活環(huán)境中、讓一切光滑發(fā)亮嗎？那就依據(jù)以下步驟來(lái)做吧。無(wú)須購(gòu)買昂貴的清潔用品，只須要一些小妙招。1．選C依據(jù)空前的“Wanttoliveinaperfectlycleanenvironmentandmakeitshinebrightly？”和空后的“Thenyouwillnotneedtopurchaseexpensivecleaningproducts”以及接下來(lái)列舉的幾條小妙招可知，C項(xiàng)“跟著以下步驟做”能起到承上啟下的作用。2．選F本段講的是用可樂(lè)清潔廁所，故F項(xiàng)“不是喝掉可樂(lè)，而是用之清潔馬桶”符合語(yǔ)境。3．選A依據(jù)下文中的“Donotthrowawaythoseorangepeels”可知，吃了橘子后，稍等片刻，不要扔掉橘子皮，你可以用之清理不銹鋼。所以選A。4．選E依據(jù)上文中的“Bananaskinsarerichinoilsandhavetherighttexturetodothetask”可知香蕉皮富含油脂，材質(zhì)也特別適合擦拭皮質(zhì)，不會(huì)留下污痕或劃痕。所以選E。5．選B依據(jù)下文中的“youcanmakeyourownproductthatischeapandnon-toxic(無(wú)毒的)...”“Useittocleanwindowsandmirrors.Makeyourglasssurfacescleanandshiny”可知，本段講的是如何自制玻璃清潔劑，故B項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。Ⅲ.完形填空Conservationistsarebreeding(飼養(yǎng))lionsintheSouthernAfricannationofZimbabwe.Thewildlifeexpertshopetoincreasethelionpopulationtokeepthegreatcatsfrom__1__.Insomeareas,lionsandhumanbeingsare__2__controlofland.Researchersbelievesomethingmustbedonequicklyto__3__theanimals.TheAfricanLionandEnvironmentalResearchTrust(ALERT)hasmorethan100__4__initsbreedingprogram.AntelopeParkFarmisoneoftwositesALERToperatesinZimbabwe.GaryJonesheadstheAntelopeParkFarm.HesaysALERThasbecomeinvolved__5__asharpdropinthenumberoflions.Hisgroupbelievesthishasbeen__6__mainlybyhumans.Therearemorepeoplemovingtothisareaeveryyear.Thelionshave__GaryJonessaysthedecreaseinthelionpopulationaffectsthewhole__8__.HeaddsthatotherAfricannationsarealsoseeingthe__9__effectsofthis.Therearecountries,__10__incentralandnorthAfrica,wherethelionpopulationhasreacheda(n)__11__level.Burundi,acountryofeast-centralAfrica,forinstance,doesnothavelionsinitsnationalparks.It__12__wantstohavelionsreintroducedbackintoitsnationalparks.Thereasonisthatwhenyoutakethelionoutoftheequation(平衡),suddenlyyougetall__13__thingsstarthappeningwiththebalanceof__14__.Forexample,yougettoomanyprey(獵物)species,likegiraffesandzebras.TheUnitedNations'FoodandAgricultureOrganizationsays__15__animalsarethreatenedwhenfarmerstryto__16__theirplantsoranimals.ReneCzudekworksfortheUNagency.Hesayshisorganizationhas__17__ahuman-wildlifetoolkit(成套工具)thatsomecountriesareusingtoreduce__18__betweenhumansandwildlife.“Infact,thetoolkitisakindofinstrumentthatextensionworkerscanusewiththe__19__—explaintothemhowwildlifebehaves,andthenshowthemwhattheriskybehaviorsare,andhowtheyshould__20__theirfieldsaccordingly，”Mr.Czudeksaid.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是說(shuō)明文。生態(tài)愛(ài)護(hù)者設(shè)法愛(ài)護(hù)非洲的獅子。1．A.disappearing B．a(chǎn)ttackingC．changing D．a(chǎn)rriving解析：選A由上文的“increasethelionpopulation”可推斷，野生動(dòng)物愛(ài)護(hù)專家希望增加獅子的數(shù)量以防止獅子“消逝(disappearing)”。2．A.waitingfor B．cheeringforC．competingfor D．lookingfor解析：選C在一些地方，獅子和人類正在“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)(competingfor)”對(duì)土地的限制。3．A.train B．observeC．catch D．save解析：選D由第四段中的“asharpdropinthenumberoflions”可推斷，探討人員認(rèn)為必需盡快實(shí)行措施“挽救(save)”獅子。4．A.giraffes B．lionsC．zebras D．a(chǎn)ntelopes解析：選B由文章開(kāi)頭的“breeding(飼養(yǎng))lions”可知答案。5．A.insteadof B．becauseofC．inplaceof D．inspiteof解析：選B由于獅子數(shù)量驟減，所以ALERT要愛(ài)護(hù)它們。故選becauseof。6．A.known B．studiedC．caused D．prevented解析：選C由下文的“Therearemorepeoplemovingtothisareaeveryyear”可推斷，獅子數(shù)量削減主要是人類“造成(caused)”的。7．A.less B．worseC．more D．better解析：選A由上文的“Therearemorepeoplemovingtothisareaeveryyear”可推斷，獅子賴以生存的土地削減了。故選less。8．A.environment B．backgroundC．industry D．position解析：選A由下段末的“yougettoomanyprey(獵物)species,likegiraffesandzebras”可推斷，獅子數(shù)量削減影響整個(gè)“自然環(huán)境(environment)”。9．A.immediate B．possibleC．magical D．disastrous解析：選D由下段可知，其他非洲國(guó)家也看到了獅子數(shù)量削減所帶來(lái)的“災(zāi)難性的(disastrous)”影響。10．A.usually B．finallyC．gradually D．particularly解析：選D參見(jiàn)下題解析。11．A.acceptable B．worryingC．reasonable D．necessary解析：選B在一些國(guó)家，“尤其(particularly)”是位于非洲中部和北部的國(guó)家，獅子數(shù)量已經(jīng)達(dá)到了“令人擔(dān)憂的(worrying)”地步。12．A.frequently B．simplyC．naturally D．desperately解析：選D布隆迪“極度(desperately)”想將獅子再次引入到國(guó)家公園。13．A.small B．similarC．strange D．ideal解析：選C由下文的“yougettoomanyprey(獵物)species,likegiraffesandzebras”可知，沒(méi)有獅子會(huì)導(dǎo)致一系列“驚奇的(strange)”事情發(fā)生。14．A.nature B．bodyC．power D．trade解析：選A由下文所舉的獵物增多的例子可推斷，此處是說(shuō)“自然生態(tài)平衡”。故選nature。15．A.live B．wildC．large D．trapped解析：選B由下文的“whenfarmerstryto________theirplantsoranimals”可推斷，此處是說(shuō)“野生的(wild)”動(dòng)物受到威逼。16．A.protect B．moveC．use D．improve解析：選A農(nóng)夫設(shè)法“愛(ài)護(hù)(protect)”他們的植物或動(dòng)物。17．A.putupwith B．caughtupwithC．comeupwith D．keptupwith解析：選CReneCzudek所在的組織已經(jīng)“創(chuàng)建出(comeupwith)”一套緩解人類和野生生物沖突的工具。18．A.pressure B．distanceC．speed D．conflict解析：選D由下文的“explaintothemhowwildlifebehaves,andthenshowthemwhattheriskybehaviorsare,andhow...”可知，這套工具可以用來(lái)緩解人類和野生生物之間的“沖突(conflict)”。19．A.farmers B．workersC．gardeners D．experts解析：選A由下文可知，這套工具是供推廣人員向“農(nóng)夫(farmers)”宣揚(yáng)有關(guān)環(huán)保學(xué)問(wèn)時(shí)運(yùn)用的。20．A.clear B．waterC．find D．plan解析：選D上文多次提到獅子(或野生生物)和人類爭(zhēng)奪土地，因此，要緩解二者之間的沖突就須要教化農(nóng)夫如何規(guī)劃他們的土地。Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法填空GlobalwarmingreferstothefactthattheEarth'satmosphereiswarmingnear__1__(it)surface—inotherwords,it'sgettinghotter.Somescientistssayitishumanactivity__2__hascausedglobalwarming.However,thereareothertheoriesaswell.Onepopulartheoryrelatestothe“greenhouseeffect”.Gasesthatmakeuptheatmospherearesimilarto__3__greenhousebecausetheyallowsunlight__4__(pass)through,andthentrapmuchoftheheatfrom__5__(escape).Thisnaturallyoccurringphenomenon,__6__iscalledgreenhousewarming,keepstheearth'ssurface__7__(warm)thanitwouldbe.Whilescientistsagreethathumanproducedcompounds(化合物)likecarbondioxideandothersarebeingreleasedintotheatmosphere,someargueit'snotclearhowthisresults__8__thechangesintemperature.Globalwarmingcan__9__(great)affecthumanlifeonmanylevels.Scientistshavemadegreat__10__(contribute)tofindingouthowlongtheearthhasbeenwarming,atwhatrateitiswarming,andwhatfactorsarecausingit.Theseanswersmaybetterpreparepeopletohandleitseffects.語(yǔ)篇解讀：全球氣候變暖對(duì)人們的生活有很大的影響。而造成全球變暖的緣由主要是人類活動(dòng)。1．its考查形容詞性物主代詞。設(shè)空處修飾su