貴州省六盤水市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題【含答案解析】

六盤水市2024-2025學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)高二年級(jí)英語(yǔ)試題卷（考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，務(wù)必在答題卡上填寫姓名和準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)等相關(guān)信息并貼好條形碼。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試題卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatsportdidthemandolastweekend?A.Running.B.Volleyball.C.Ropeskipping.2.WhenisBettyleaving?A.ThisThursday.B.ThisFriday.C.ThisSaturday.3.HowdidthespeakerscometoSydney?A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Byplane4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aschoolmate.B.Acompetition.C.Thestudents’union.5.WhatdoesthemantellAvatodo?A.Cookdinner.B.Pickuptheclothes.C.Buysomefoods.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome.B.Inahospital.C.Intheoffice.7.Whatisthemanlikelytodonext?A.Takeawalk.B.Goforacheck-up.C.Prepareforameeting.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoesthemanthinktheamountofspeakinglargelydependson?A.Theworkcontent.B.Thefamilyatmosphere.C.Thepersonalcharacters.9.Whataremost-talkedtopicsbywomenaccordingtothestudy?A.Numbersandsports.B.Smalltoolsandpeople.C.Peopleandrelationships聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhoisLucky?A.Adog.B.Theman.C.TheirGrandma.11.WhatdoesthewomanfeelaboutleavingLucky?A.Annoyed.B.Anxious.C.Depressed.12.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.AccompanyLucky.B.Callhergrandmother.C.Packtheluggage.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhereisTheSuperBowlheld?A.InAustraliaB.InBrazil.C.IntheUS.14.WhichsportisalmostregardedasareligioninIndia?A.Cricket.B.Soccer.C.Tennis.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkabouttabletennis?A.It’saninterestingsport.B.It’sanationalsportinChina.C.It’sincrediblypopularinternationally.16.Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A.Notallsports.aroforeveryoneB.Sportsareareflectionofthespirit.C.Sportsareforentertainmentvalue.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Hastingaprogram.B.Conductingasurvey.C.Preparingacompetition.18.Whyshould“What’sinYourSchoolbag?”beheld?A.Tohelpstudentsbreaktheice.B.Toletthegroupfigureoutobjects.C.Tohavestudentsemptytheschoolbags.19.Whalisthepurposeofaneedsanalysisonthefirstday?A.Toenlargestudents’vocabulary.B.Tounderstandwhatstudentsexpect.C.Toevaluablestudents’previousknowledge.20.Howdoesdebatingclassrulesbenefitstudents?A.Itimprovestheirdebatingskills.B.Itmakesthemmoresuccessfulinthefuture.C.Itmakesthemmorelikelytofollowtherules.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheChinese-builtStandardGaugeRailway(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軌距鐵路)inKenyabasbeenwarmlywelcomedasafaster,saferalternativesinceitslaunch.The480-kilometerrailwayisthecountry’slargestbasicproject,connectingEastAfrica’slargestportcityofMombasaandthecapitalcityofNairobi.Hereisabriefintroduction.BoardingAnyliveanimals,batteriesandlightersaren’tallowedwhilefoodscanbetakenonboard.Foreignersareaskedtoproducepassportsbeforeentering.Carriageandseatnumbersareclearlymarkedontheticket,andthere’splentyofluggagestorageabovetheseats.Foods&DrinksAsmartlydressedattendantpassesbyoccasionallywithafoodanddrinkscart;onofferaresandwiches,snacks,softdrinks,tea,coffee,Kenyanbeerandasmallselectionofwine.Passengerscanalsoorderhotmealslikebeanorchickenstewwithchapati.PriceBright-colouredtrains,modernstationsanddeparturesontimeofferexcellentvalueformoney;onewayticketsareabout$25inFirstClassand$10inEconomyClass.Onthereturnjourneybookaleft-handseatsoyoucanwatchthesunsetoverMountKilimanjaro.WildlifepreservationMeasureshavebeenadoptedtohelppreservewildlife.Afristar,theoperatoroftheSGR,hastakenplentyofnoisereductionmeasuresontherailroad.ObedKirwa,atracktechnicalsupervisor,sayssoundbarriershavebeenfixedalongthewildlifepathwaystoreducedisturbancetotheanimalsandsoundabsorptionplates(吸音板)havebeenestablishedcloselowildlifehabitats.1.Whatareallowedwhileboarding?A.Pets. B.Foods. C.Batteries. D.Lighters.2.Howmuchdoyoupayforacheaperroundtrip?A.$20. B.$25. C.$35. D.$50.3.Wherehavesoundbarriersbeensetup?A.Atthemodernstations. B.Abovethecarriageseats.C.Onthestandardrailroad. D.Alongthewildlifepathways.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了中國(guó)在肯尼亞建造的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軌距鐵路，重點(diǎn)突出了其作為更快、更安全的交通方式所受到的熱烈歡迎。文章從登車規(guī)定、餐飲服務(wù)、票價(jià)以及野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)措施等方面，詳細(xì)描述了這條連接蒙巴薩和內(nèi)羅畢的480公里鐵路的特點(diǎn)和優(yōu)勢(shì)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Boarding部分的句子“Anyliveanimals,batteriesandlightersaren’tallowedwhilefoodscanbetakenonboard.(任何活體動(dòng)物、電池和打火機(jī)都不允許攜帶，而食物則可以帶上車。)”可知，上車時(shí)食物允許帶上車。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Price部分的句子“onewayticketsareabout$25inFirstClassand$10inEconomyClass.(單程票頭等艙約25美元，經(jīng)濟(jì)艙約10美元。)”可知，便宜一點(diǎn)的往返車票是10*2=20(美元)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Wildlifepreservation部分的句子“ObedKirwa,atracktechnicalsupervisor,sayssoundbarriershavebeenfixedalongthewildlifepathwaystoreducedisturbancetotheanimalsandsoundabsorptionplates(吸音板)havebeenestablishedcloselowildlifehabitats.(軌道技術(shù)主管ObedKirwa說(shuō)，為了減少對(duì)動(dòng)物的干擾，已經(jīng)在野生動(dòng)物通道沿線安裝了隔音屏障，并在野生動(dòng)物棲息地附近建立了吸聲板。)”可知，隔音屏障被設(shè)置在野生動(dòng)物通道沿線。故選D項(xiàng)。BJaneGoodallwasborninEngland,onApril3,1934.Asachild,shehadanaturallovefertheoutdoorsandanimals.InspiredbybookslikeTerzanandDr.Dolittleseries,shedreamedoftravelingtoAfricatoworkwithwildlife.At23,shevisitedafriendinAfrica,whichledtohermeetingDr.LouisLeakey,apaleoanthropologist(古人類學(xué)家)whoofferedherajobatalocalmuseum.LeakeysoonsentJanetotheGombeStreamGameReserveinTanzaniatostudychimpanzees(大猩猩),thinkingthatJane’spassionandopenmindmadeheridealforthetask.Theearlyweekswerechallengingduetoillnessanddifficultgeographicalenvironment,butsheeventuallygainedthetrustofahigh-rankingchimpanzeenamedDavidGreybeard,allowinghertoobservethechimps.Janemadegroundbreakingdiscoveries,includingchimps’useoftools,dietwithamixtureofmeatandgrass,whichchallengedcommonscientificideas.Janecontinuedtoworkinthefieldand,withLeakey’shelp,beganherdoctoralprogramwithoutanundergraduatedegreein1962.AtCambridgeUniversity,shefoundhermethodsandsuggestionsthatchimpshaveemotionsandpersonalitiescausedargumentsamongseniorscientists.In1966,sheearnedherPh.D.andcontinuedworkingatGombeforthenexttwentyyears.In1986,JaneshiftedherfocustoconservationafternoticingdeforestationinGombeStreamNationalPark.ShehelpedsetupsheltersforchimpsandestablishedtheJaneGoodallInstitute(JGI)in1977anditsRooks&Shootsprogramin1991,encouragingyoungpeopletoparticipateinconservationprojects.Janehasbeenanadvocateforprotectinganimalsandtheenvironment,meetingwithkeyliguresandtravelingtoraiseawarenessandfunds.Today,agedaround90,shecontinuestoprotectchimpanzees,theirhabitats,andtheplanet.4.WhatinspiredJanetoworkwithwildlifeinAfrica?A.Amuseumjob. B.Outdoortrips.C.AnAfricanfriend. D.Severalbooks.5.WhatdidJanesufferwhenstudyingchimpanzees?A.Thedoubtofyoungpeople. B.Thelackofadoctordegree.C.Thechallengeofbadconditions. D.Theattackofhigh-rankingchimps.6.Whatdoesparagraph4convey?A.HowJanefoundedRoots&Shoots.B.WhyJanesetupsheltersforchimpanzees.C.HowJaneprotectedwildlifeandtheenvironment.D.WhyJaneencouragedyoungpeopletojoinprojects.7.WhichwordsbestdescribeJane?A.Honestandkind-hearted. B.Determinedanddevoted.C.Considerateandeasy-going. D.Responsibleandtraditional.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了簡(jiǎn)·古道爾博士在非洲研究黑猩猩的職業(yè)經(jīng)歷和對(duì)保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物及環(huán)境所作出的貢獻(xiàn)。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Asachild,shehadanaturallovefortheoutdoorsandanimals.InspiredbybookslikeTerzanandDr.Dolittleseries,shedreamedoftravelingtoAfricatoworkwithwildlife.(小時(shí)候，她天生對(duì)戶外和動(dòng)物有著熱愛。受到《泰山》和《杜立德醫(yī)生》系列書籍的啟發(fā)，她夢(mèng)想著前往非洲與野生動(dòng)物一起工作)”可推知，簡(jiǎn)受幾本書的啟發(fā)，希望在非洲從事野生動(dòng)物工作。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theearlyweekswerechallengingduetoillnessanddifficultgeographicalenvironment,butsheeventuallygainedthetrustofahigh-rankingchimpanzeenamedDavidGreybeard,allowinghertoobservethechimps.(最初的幾周因生病和惡劣的地理環(huán)境而充滿挑戰(zhàn)，但她最終贏得了一只名叫DavidGreybeard的高等級(jí)黑猩猩的信任，使她能夠觀察黑猩猩)”可推知，Jane研究黑猩猩時(shí)遭遇的困難是惡劣的環(huán)境條件帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ShehelpedsetupsheltersforchimpsandestablishedtheJaneGoodallInstitute(JGI)in1977anditsRoots&Shootsprogramin1991,encouragingyoungpeopletoparticipateinconservationprojects.Janehasbeenanadvocateforprotectinganimalsandtheenvironment,meetingwithkeyfiguresandtravelingtoraiseawarenessandfunds.(她幫助建立了黑猩猩庇護(hù)所，并于1977年成立了簡(jiǎn)·古道爾研究所（JGI），并于1991年創(chuàng)建了Roots&Shoots項(xiàng)目，鼓勵(lì)年輕人參與保護(hù)項(xiàng)目。Jane一直倡導(dǎo)保護(hù)動(dòng)物和環(huán)境，與關(guān)鍵人物會(huì)面并旅行以提高意識(shí)和資金)”可知，第4段主要講述了Jane如何保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物和環(huán)境。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文以及結(jié)合文章第二段“LeakeysoonsentJanetotheGombeStreamGameReserveinTanzaniatostudychimpanzees(大猩猩),thinkingthatJane’spassionandopenmindmadeheridealforthetask.Theearlyweekswerechallengingduetoillnessanddifficultgeographicalenvironment,butsheeventuallygainedthetrustofahigh-rankingchimpanzeenamedDavidGreybeard,allowinghertoobservethechimps.(Leakey很快就把Jane送到坦桑尼亞的貢貝溪野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)去研究黑猩猩，他認(rèn)為Jane的熱情和開放的思想使她成為這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的理想人選。最初的幾周，由于疾病和惡劣的地理環(huán)境，她受到了挑戰(zhàn)，但最終獲得了一只名叫大衛(wèi)·格雷比爾德的高級(jí)黑猩猩的信任，允許她觀察黑猩猩)”以及第五段“Today,agedaround90,shecontinuestoprotectchimpanzees,theirhabitats,andtheplanet.(今天，近90歲的她繼續(xù)保護(hù)黑猩猩，它們的棲息地和地球)”可知，Jane在艱難條件下堅(jiān)持研究黑猩猩且在90歲的她繼續(xù)保護(hù)黑猩猩。所以推斷出簡(jiǎn)是一個(gè)堅(jiān)定和奉獻(xiàn)的科學(xué)家。故選B。CPixar’sInsideOut(頭腦特工隊(duì))tellsthestoryofhowourbrainsworkandwhywesometimesfeelsad.Releasedin2015,thisfilmmightbethemostimaginativeonePixarhasevermade.It’slikeadreamy,amazingmovieandisdefinitelythebestanimationthestudiohasmadesinceToyStory3in2010.Thestoryisaboutan11-year-oldgirlnamedRileyAndersen,wholoveshockeyandherparents.Buttherealfocusisonfivecomplexemotions—Joy,Sadness,Angert,Fear,andDisgust,turnedintofivelittle“kids”—andhowtheyhelpRileydealwithmovingtoSanFranciscowithherfamily.In2024InsideOut2,it’snowsummerbeforeRileystartshighschool.She’s13andgoestohockeycampwithhertwobestfriends.Rileyhasalsoenteredherteenageyears,whichbringsfournewemotions:Envy,Embarrassment,Boredom,andAnxiety.Anxietyisprobablythemostcomplexofthem,oftenshownasamessyhairkidwithlotsofbaggage.AsRileytriestokeepherfriends,beacceptedbyolderkids,andmakethehighschoolhockeyteam,thefilmshowsbothherouterlifeandherinnerstruggles.Thishappensbecausethenewemotionsarecausingproblemsforherandconfusingthosearoundher.InsideOut2becameasuccessassoonasitcameout,anditgreatlyoutperformedPixar’sboxofficeexpectations,possiblybecauseitinspiresteenstoaccepttheiremotions,andunderstandthecomplexityofemotions.Afterrealizingtheimportanceofemotionalhealthforyouth,theycanbettergothroughtheupsanddownsinlife.8.WhatisthefocusofInsideOut?A.Dailyroutines. B.Humanemotions.C.Personalhobbies. D.Familyrelationships.9.WhatcanwelearnfromInsideOut2?A.Rileyappearswithmessyhair.B.Rileycausesgreattroubleforherfriends.C.Rileyfightswithherinnerworldsomuch.D.Rileyleadstheschoolhockeyteamtowin.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outperformed”inparagraph3referto?A.Wentbeyond. B.Ledto. C.Builtup. D.Brakedown.11.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.People. B.Science. C.Sports. D.Entertainment.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了《頭腦特工隊(duì)》和《頭腦特工隊(duì)2》兩部電影的內(nèi)容及其影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的句子“Buttherealfocusisonfivecomplexemotions—Joy,Sadness,Angert,Fear,andDisgust,turnedintofivelittle“kids”—andhowtheyhelpRileydealwithmovingtoSanFranciscowithherfamily.(但真正的焦點(diǎn)在于五種復(fù)雜的情緒——快樂、悲傷、憤怒、恐懼和厭惡，它們被擬人化為五個(gè)“小孩”，并展示了它們?nèi)绾螏椭鶵iley應(yīng)對(duì)與家人搬到舊金山的生活變化)”可知，《頭腦特工隊(duì)》的重點(diǎn)是人類情緒。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子“Rileyhasalsoenteredherteenageyears,whichbringsfournewemotions:Envy,Embarrassment,Boredom,andAnxiety.(Riley也進(jìn)入了她的青少年時(shí)期，這帶來(lái)了四種新的情緒：嫉妒、尷尬、無(wú)聊和焦慮)”和“AsRileytriestokeepherfriends,beacceptedbyolderkids,andmakethehighschoolhockeyteam,thefilmshowsbothherouterlifeandherinnerstruggles.Thishappensbecausethenewemotionsarecausingproblemsforherandconfusingthosearoundher.(Riley試圖留住她的朋友，被年長(zhǎng)的孩子接受，并加入高中曲棍球隊(duì)，這部電影展示了她的外在生活和她的內(nèi)心掙扎。這是因?yàn)樾碌那榫w給她帶來(lái)了麻煩，讓她周圍的人感到困惑)”可知，Riley進(jìn)入青春期后，新的情緒給她帶來(lái)了內(nèi)心的掙扎，并導(dǎo)致她與周圍人的關(guān)系出現(xiàn)問題。因此，Riley在電影中與自己的內(nèi)心世界進(jìn)行了很多斗爭(zhēng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“InsideOut2becameasuccessassoonasitcameout(《頭腦特工隊(duì)2》一上映就大獲成功)”可知，《頭腦特工隊(duì)2》一上映就大獲成功，所以其票房肯定是超出了皮克斯的預(yù)期。劃線單詞outperformed的意義為“超出”，與wentbeyond意義一致。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了《頭腦特工隊(duì)》和《頭腦特工隊(duì)2》兩部電影的內(nèi)容及其影響，屬于電影評(píng)論或娛樂新聞的范疇，因此最可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的“娛樂”版塊。故選D項(xiàng)。DMostofusknowthateatingtoomuchsugarisn’tgoodforus.Butthefirstthingtounderstandisthatnotallsugarisbadforyoubecausethere’sabigdifferencebetweennaturalandaddedsugars.Amedium-sizedmangocontainsmorethan20gramsnaturalsugarsthanalmostanyotherfruit.Asingle20-ouncebottleofCoca-Colacontains65gramsofaddedsugars.Bulthatsamemangoalsocontainsprotein,calcium,iron,magnesium,potassium,vitaminC,andmostimportantly,plentyofdietaryfiber,whichcanabsorbthesugarslowlyandhelpyourenergylast.However,addedsugarsarooftenregardedas“emptycalories”,becausetheyarecaloriesthatlacknutrientsandwillbestoredasfat,leadinglocertaindiseases.A2023BMCMedicinestudyshowsthatevena5percentincreaseinaddedsugarscomeswitha6percenthigherriskofheartdiseaseanda10percenthigherriskofstroke(中風(fēng)).Droppingorlimitingaddedsugarsinthedietcanhelpyounotonlyavoidsuchoutcomesbutcanalsoimproveyourqualityoflife.Limitingcanalsobringaboutsurprisingoutcomesyouwon’thavetowaitlongtobenefitfrom.Theseinclude“improvedmood,skinhealth,andevenathleticperformance,”saysAmyGoodson,anutritionistandregistereddietitian.Togetthebenefitsofreducingaddedsugars,startbyidentifyingwhereyoumaybeconsumingtoomanyaddedsugars.Abasicandmostimportantstepistoavoidcookie,sodaorothersugar-sweetenedfoodsanddrinks—orhavethemonlyoccasionally.“Bymakingsmall,consistentchangestoloweryoursugarintake,”saysGoodson,“you’llfeelbetter,havemoreenergy,andimproveyourhealthinboththeshortandlangterm.”12.Whichcontainsnaturalsugar?A.Cola. B.Soda. C.Mango. D.Cookie.13.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph2?A.Bymakingcontrast. B.Bytellingstories.C.Bygivingdefinitions. D.Byaskingquestions.14.What’sthemainideaofparagraph3?A.Thefunctionsofnaturalsugars. B.Thesideeffectsofaddedsugars.C.Thepotentialcausesofheartdisease. D.Thebenefitsoflimitingaddedsugars.15.WhatcanweinferfromthewordsofAmyGoodson?A.Takinginsugarhaslittleeffectonlooks.B.Consumingsugarscanhelpgainnutrients.C.Givingupsugarisasimpleandfastaction.D.Reducingsugarintakecanimprovehealth.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章探討了糖分?jǐn)z入對(duì)健康的影響，重點(diǎn)區(qū)分了天然糖和添加糖的不同。文章建議通過(guò)識(shí)別并減少高添加糖食物的攝入，逐步降低糖分?jǐn)z入量，從而在短期和長(zhǎng)期內(nèi)改善健康?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的句子“Amedium-sizedmangocontainsmorethan20gramsnaturalsugarsthanalmostanyotherfruit.Asingle20-ouncebottleofCoca-Colacontains65gramsofaddedsugars.(一個(gè)中等大小的芒果比幾乎任何其他水果含有20克以上的天然糖。一瓶20盎司的可口可樂含有65克添加糖。)”和最后一段的句子“Togetthebenefitsofreducingaddedsugars,startbyidentifyingwhereyoumaybeconsumingtoomanyaddedsugars.Abasicandmostimportantstepistoavoidcookie,sodaorothersugar-sweetenedfoodsanddrinks-orhavethemonlyoccasionally.(為了獲得減少添加糖的好處，首先要確定你可能在哪里攝入了過(guò)多的添加糖。最基本也是最重要的一步是避免吃餅干、蘇打水或其他含糖的食物和飲料，或者偶爾吃。)”可知，芒果含有天然糖分，而可樂、蘇打水和餅干等則含有添加糖。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Amedium-sizedmangocontainsmorethan20gramsnaturalsugarsthanalmostanyotherfruit.Asingle20-ouncebottleofCoca-Colacontains65gramsofaddedsugars.Bulthatsamemangoalsocontainsprotein,calcium,iron,magnesium,potassium,vitaminC,andmostimportantly,plentyofdietaryfiber,whichcanabsorbthesugarslowlyandhelpyourenergylast.(一個(gè)中等大小的芒果比幾乎任何其他水果含有20克以上的天然糖。一瓶20盎司的可口可樂含有65克添加糖。但同樣的芒果也含有蛋白質(zhì)、鈣、鐵、鎂、鉀、維生素C，最重要的是，含有大量的膳食纖維，它可以慢慢吸收糖，幫助你保持精力。)”可知，第二段通過(guò)對(duì)比芒果和可樂的糖分含量及營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分，說(shuō)明了天然糖和添加糖的區(qū)別。因此，作者是通過(guò)對(duì)比來(lái)展開論述的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“However,addedsugarsarooftenregardedas“emptycalories”,becausetheyarecaloriesthatlacknutrientsandwillbestoredasfat,leadinglocertaindiseases.A2023BMCMedicinestudyshowsthatevena5percentincreaseinaddedsugarscomeswitha6percenthigherriskofheartdiseaseanda10percenthigherriskofstroke(然而，添加糖通常被視為“空熱量”，因?yàn)樗鼈兪侨狈I(yíng)養(yǎng)的卡路里，會(huì)以脂肪的形式儲(chǔ)存，導(dǎo)致某些疾病?！队?guó)醫(yī)學(xué)委員會(huì)醫(yī)學(xué)》2023年的一項(xiàng)研究表明，即使添加糖的攝入量增加5%，患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也會(huì)增加6%，患中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也會(huì)增加10%)”可知，第三段主要討論了添加糖的負(fù)作用，包括其作為“空熱量”會(huì)導(dǎo)致脂肪堆積，并增加心臟病和中風(fēng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。因此，本段的主要內(nèi)容是添加糖的副作用。故選B項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的句子“Droppingorlimitingaddedsugarsinthedietcanhelpyounotonlyavoidsuchoutcomesbutcanalsoimproveyourqualityoflife.Limitingcanalsobringaboutsurprisingoutcomesyouwon’thavetowaitlongtobenefitfrom.Theseinclude“improvedmood,skinhealth,andevenathleticperformance,”saysAmyGoodson,anutritionistandregistereddietitian.Theseinclude“improvedmood,skinhealth,andevenathleticperformance,”saysAmyGoodson,anutritionistandregistereddietitian.(減少或限制飲食中的添加糖不僅可以幫助你避免這些后果，還可以提高你的生活質(zhì)量。限制也能帶來(lái)意想不到的結(jié)果，你不用等太久就能從中受益。這些包括“改善情緒、皮膚健康，甚至運(yùn)動(dòng)表現(xiàn)，”營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)家和注冊(cè)營(yíng)養(yǎng)師AmyGoodson說(shuō)。)”和最后一段的句子““Bymakingsmall,consistentchangestoloweryoursugarintake,”saysGoodson,“you’llfeelbetter,havemoreenergy,andimproveyourhealthinboththeshortandlangterm.”(Goodson說(shuō)：“通過(guò)不斷地做出小的改變來(lái)降低你的糖攝入量，你會(huì)感覺更好，更有活力，并在短期和長(zhǎng)期內(nèi)改善你的健康?！?”可知，AmyGoodson提到減少添加糖的攝入可以改善情緒、皮膚健康甚至運(yùn)動(dòng)表現(xiàn)，并帶來(lái)長(zhǎng)期的健康益處。因此，可以推斷出減少糖分?jǐn)z入有助于改善健康。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題25分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtostayfocusedwhentheInternetwantsyourattentionInthedigitalage,stayingfocusedisundoubtedlyachallenge,butit’sonethatyoucanovercomewithintentionalactionsandmindfulchoices.Eitheryouruntheday,orthedayrunsyou.____16____.LimitdistractionsOften,itisanautomaticreaction:whenhearinga“ding”sound,mostpeopleimmediatelyreachforphones.Whilesomeoftheseareimportant,manyarenoturgentandcanwait.____17____.Thissimpleactreducesthedesiretocheckiteverytimethescreenlightsup.Structureandmanagetime____18____.OneeffectivetechniqueisTimeboxing:Setapartspecificperiodsoftimeforparticulartasksoractivities.Forexample,from9AMto10AM,focusonrespondingtoemails.From10AMto12PM,workonyourmainproject.GetphysicalPhysicalactivityisn’tjustgoodforyourbody;it’sessentialforyourmind.Takeshortbreakstostretchorwalkaround.____19____.Exerciseincreasesbloodflowtothebrain,whichcanimprovecognitivefunctionslikememoryandconcentration.____20____Inaworldmanagedbydigitalexperiences,reconnectingwiththephysicalworldcanbeincrediblyimportant.Engageinactivitiesthatrequirefocusandbringyoujoy—painting,playingamusicalinstrument,crafting,cooking,orgardening.Theseactivitiesinspiredifferentpartsofyourbrainandcandevelopcreativityandproblem-solvingskill.Choosetofocusonwhattrulymatters,andyouwillfindlifemoremeaningful.A.ThepowerisinyourhandsB.Engageinreal-lifeactivitiesC.TimelostcannotberecalledD.CreatingascheduledplancountsE.KeepyourphonefacedownoroutofsightF.ButdoingsportsforalongtimeisnotnecessaryG.Evenstandingupforafewminutescanmakeadifference【答案】16.A17.E18.D19.G20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了在數(shù)字時(shí)代保持專注的一些方法和建議。【16題詳解】上文“Eitheryouruntheday,orthedayrunsyou.(要么你掌控這一天，要么這一天掌控你)”說(shuō)明掌控一天的主動(dòng)權(quán)在自己手中，空處承上啟下，引出下文保持專注的方法，A選項(xiàng)“主動(dòng)權(quán)在你手中”與上文相呼應(yīng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主動(dòng)性的重要性，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。【17題詳解】上文“Often,itisanautomaticreaction:whenhearinga“ding”sound,mostpeopleimmediatelyreachforphones.Whilesomeoftheseareimportant,manyarenoturgentandcanwait.(通常，這是一種自動(dòng)反應(yīng)：當(dāng)聽到“叮”的一聲時(shí)，大多數(shù)人會(huì)立即伸手去拿手機(jī)。雖然其中一些信息很重要，但很多并不緊急，可以等一等)”及下文“Thissimpleactreducesthedesiretocheckiteverytimethescreenlightsup.(這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的行為減少了每次屏幕亮起時(shí)查看手機(jī)的欲望)”說(shuō)明要減少手機(jī)的干擾，由此可知，此空介紹一個(gè)減少手機(jī)的干擾的做法；E選項(xiàng)中的“Keepyourphonefacedownoroutofsight”與下文“Thissimpleact”相呼應(yīng)，所以E選項(xiàng)“把你的手機(jī)面朝下放置或者放在看不見的地方”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。【18題詳解】下文“OneeffectivetechniqueisTimeboxing:Setapartspecificperiodsoftimeforparticulartasksoractivities.(一種有效的技巧是時(shí)間箱法：為特定的任務(wù)或活動(dòng)留出特定的時(shí)間段)”可知，可以通過(guò)制定時(shí)間計(jì)劃來(lái)管理時(shí)間，空處引出下文，D選項(xiàng)中的“Creatingascheduledplan”與下文“Timeboxing”相呼應(yīng)，所以D選項(xiàng)“制定一個(gè)日程計(jì)劃很重要”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?9題詳解】上文“Takeshortbreakstostretchorwalkaround.(進(jìn)行短暫的休息來(lái)伸展身體或者四處走走)”及下文“Exerciseincreasesbloodflowtothebrain,whichcanimprovecognitivefunctionslikememoryandconcentration.(鍛煉增加了大腦的血液流動(dòng)，這可以改善像記憶力和注意力這樣的認(rèn)知功能)”說(shuō)明短暫的身體活動(dòng)也對(duì)大腦有益，G選項(xiàng)中的“standingupforafewminutes”與上文“Takeshortbreaks”相呼應(yīng)，“makeadifference”與下文“improvecognitivefunctions”相呼應(yīng)，所以G選項(xiàng)“即使站起來(lái)幾分鐘也會(huì)有作用”，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。【20題詳解】下文“Inaworldmanagedbydigitalexperiences,reconnectingwiththephysicalworldcanbeincrediblyimportant.Engageinactivitiesthatrequirefocusandbringyoujoy—painting,playingamusicalinstrument,crafting,cooking,orgardening.(在一個(gè)由數(shù)字體驗(yàn)主導(dǎo)的世界里，與現(xiàn)實(shí)世界重新建立聯(lián)系可能極其重要。參與一些需要專注并且能給你帶來(lái)快樂的活動(dòng)——繪畫、演奏樂器、手工藝制作、烹飪或者園藝)”說(shuō)明，這段主要講的是參與現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的活動(dòng)，B選項(xiàng)中的“Engageinreal-lifeactivities”與下文“Engageinactivities”相一致，所以B選項(xiàng)“參與現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的活動(dòng)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Aminahadfledherwar-tornhomeland,leavingbehindeverythingsheknew.Notknowingwhatthe___21___wouldbelike,shearrivedinthenewtownofacountrywhoselanguageshe___22___spoke.Thatfirstweek,frightenedbythestrangesightsandsounds,shehadseldom____23____hertinyapartment.Butontheeighthday,____24____byadesiretoadapttothelifehere,Aminaputonthewornrunningshoesthatshe’dcarriedwithherfromhomeand____25____outside.Atfirst,sherantoescapefromthe____26____memoriesofthewar,fromthestruggleofanewstart,fromthepityinglooksofhernewneighbors.Butwitheachday,eachmile,somethingbeganto____27____.Thepaceofherfeetbecameacomfort,andawayto___28___thesadnessshe’dexperienced.Asweekspassed,Amina’sroutesgrew____29____.Sheexploredeverystreetofhernewtown.Thenshegotfamiliarwithits_____30_____—theearlymorningdogwalkers,theafternoonschoolrush,the_____31_____eveningswhenonlytheoccasionaldeerkepthercompany.Gradually,shestarted_____32_____facesonherruns—theelderlymanwhoalwayswavedfromhisyard,theyoungmotherwhowouldsmileinpeace.Oneday,tohersurprise,shefoundherself_____33_____.Now,runninghadbecomeherlifeline,awayto_____34_____thegapbetweenherpastandherpresent.Itwasonthesequietstreetsthatshehadfinallybeguntofeela_____35_____ofbelonging.21.A.future B.scenery C.tradition D.education22A.largely B.usually C.eventually D.hardly23.A.cleaned B.repaired C.left D.decorated24.A.moved B.caught C.driven D.controlled25.A.stepped B.jumped C.flew D.slipped26A.short B.bad C.precious D.unclear27.A.fade B.shake C.change D.flow28.A.forget B.remember C.express D.share29.A.safer B.nearer C.narrower D.longer30.A.spots B.scenes C.people D.animals31.A.busy B.quiet C.exciting D.boring32.A.admiring B.imagining C.describing D.recognizing33.A.wavingback B.runningback C.lookingback D.turningback34.A.leave B.expand C.bridge D.create35.A.love B.sense C.desire D.magic【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.C25.A26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了阿米娜逃難來(lái)到一個(gè)國(guó)家的新城鎮(zhèn)，陌生的環(huán)境讓她感到害怕，為了適應(yīng)新環(huán)境，她開始跑步，跑步讓她獲得了安慰，讓她熟悉了環(huán)境和周圍的人，有了一種歸屬感。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她不知道未來(lái)會(huì)是什么樣子，來(lái)到了一個(gè)國(guó)家的新城鎮(zhèn)，她幾乎不會(huì)說(shuō)那里的語(yǔ)言。A.future未來(lái)；B.scenery風(fēng)景；C.tradition傳統(tǒng)；D.education教育。根據(jù)上文“Aminahadfledherwar-tornhomeland,leavingbehindeverythingsheknew.”可知，阿米娜是逃難來(lái)到這里的，由此可知，在這里她舉目無(wú)親，不知道未來(lái)會(huì)是什么樣子。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她不知道未來(lái)會(huì)是什么樣子，來(lái)到了一個(gè)國(guó)家的新城鎮(zhèn)，她幾乎不會(huì)說(shuō)那里的語(yǔ)言。A.largely在很大程度上；B.usually通常；C.eventually最后；D.hardly幾乎不。根據(jù)上文“Aminahadfledherwar-tornhomeland,leavingbehindeverythingsheknew.”可知，阿米娜是逃難來(lái)到這里的，由此可知，這里不是她的家鄉(xiāng)，她幾乎不會(huì)說(shuō)這里的語(yǔ)言。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第一周，她被奇怪的景象和聲音嚇壞了，很少離開她的小公寓。A.cleaned打掃；B.repaired修理；C.left離開；D.decorated裝飾。根據(jù)句中“frightenedbythestrangesightsandsounds”可知，在新環(huán)境里，她被奇怪的景象和聲音嚇壞了，由此可知，她不敢離開她的小公寓。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但在第八天，被適應(yīng)這里生活的愿望所驅(qū)使，阿米娜穿上了從家里帶過(guò)來(lái)的破舊跑鞋，走到了外面。A.moved移動(dòng)；B.caught抓住；C.driven驅(qū)使；D.controlled控制。根據(jù)句中“adesiretoadapttothelifehere”可知，她想適應(yīng)這里的生活，由此可知，被這個(gè)愿望所驅(qū)使，她走出了公寓。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但在第八天，被適應(yīng)這里生活的愿望所驅(qū)使，阿米娜穿上了從家里帶過(guò)來(lái)的破舊跑鞋，走到了外面。A.stepped行走，邁步；B.jumped跳躍；C.flew飛；D.slipped滑倒。根據(jù)句中“adesiretoadapttothelifehere”可知，她想適應(yīng)這里的生活，由此可知，她穿上跑鞋，走到了外面。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，她跑步是為了逃離戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的糟糕記憶，逃離新開始的掙扎，逃離新鄰居的憐憫目光。A.short短的；B.bad糟糕的；C.precious珍貴的；D.unclear不清楚的。根據(jù)句中“thewar”可知，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)帶給她的是糟糕的記憶，由此可知，她跑步是為了逃離戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的糟糕記憶。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但隨著每一天，每一英里，一些事開始發(fā)生改變。A.fade褪色；B.shake搖動(dòng)；C.change改變；D.flow流動(dòng)。根據(jù)下文“Thepaceofherfeetbecameacomfort”可知，隨著時(shí)間推移，跑步變成了一種安慰，不再是一種逃離，由此可知，一些事開始發(fā)生改變。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她的腳步成了一種安慰，一種忘記她所經(jīng)歷的悲傷的方式。A.forget忘記；B.remember記得；C.express表達(dá)；D.share分享。根據(jù)句中“Thepaceofherfeetbecameacomfort”可知，隨著時(shí)間推移，跑步變成了一種安慰，由此可知，跑步能夠讓她忘記所經(jīng)了悲傷。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幾周過(guò)去了，阿米娜的路線越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)。A.safer更安全的；B.nearer更接近的；C.narrower更狹窄的；D.longer更長(zhǎng)的。根據(jù)下文“Sheexploredeverystreetofhernewtown.”可知，她探索了新城鎮(zhèn)的每一條街道，由此可知，阿米娜的跑步路線越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，她熟悉了路上的場(chǎng)景——清晨遛狗的人，下午放學(xué)高峰期，只有偶爾有鹿陪伴的安靜夜晚。A.spots地點(diǎn)；B.scenes場(chǎng)景；C.people人們；D.animals動(dòng)物。根據(jù)句中“theearlymorningdogwalkers,theafternoonschoolrush”可知，“清晨遛狗的人”和“下午放學(xué)高峰期”都是跑步路上遇到的場(chǎng)景，由此可知，她熟悉了路上的場(chǎng)景。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，她熟悉了路上的場(chǎng)景——清晨遛狗的人，下午放學(xué)高峰期，只有偶爾有鹿陪伴的安靜夜晚。A.busy忙碌的；B.quiet安靜的；C.exciting令人興奮的；D.boring無(wú)聊的。根據(jù)句中“whenonlytheoccasionaldeerkepthercompany”可知，夜晚只偶爾有鹿陪伴，由此可知，這是安靜的夜晚。故選B項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，她開始認(rèn)出跑步時(shí)遇到的面孔——那個(gè)總是在院子里揮手的老人，那個(gè)會(huì)平靜地微笑的年輕母親。A.admiring欽佩；B.imagining想象；C.describing描述；D.recognizing認(rèn)出。根據(jù)上文“Thenshegotfamiliarwithits_____”可知，她在跑步時(shí)逐漸放松下來(lái)，開始熟悉路上的場(chǎng)景，認(rèn)出遇到的人，由此可知，她開始認(rèn)出跑步時(shí)遇到的面孔。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：有一天，令她驚訝的是，她發(fā)