原創(chuàng)題組練12025年高考總復習優(yōu)化設計二輪專題英語X課后習題挑戰(zhàn)外刊原創(chuàng)練含答案

原創(chuàng)題組練12025年高考總復習優(yōu)化設計二輪專題英語X課后習題挑戰(zhàn)外刊原創(chuàng)練含答案閱讀理解原創(chuàng)題組練(一)AProfessorDavidG.Evans,65,anOxfordUniversitygraduatewhohasbeenteachingchemistryinBeijingfornearlythreedecades,hasbrokenoutofcampuslifetobecomeanInternetstarinChina.Theoriginalintentionfromacademictoonlinecelebrityresultedfromhismissiontoinspirethegeneralpublicwiththewondersofchemistrybymakingscienceaccessibleandfun.Ontheshort-videoappKuaishou,hisvideosofchemicalexperimentshaveattractednearly10millionfollowers.“Themostimportantthingisnotwhichreactionyouchoosetoshow,buthowyoupresentthematerialtomakeitinterestingandtospreadsomeknowledge,”hesaid.“IwanttousetheInternettoawaketheirinterestinchemistry.”Evans,knownonsocialmediaasDrDaifromhisChinesenameDaiWei,hasbeeninBeijingsince1996.ButhisinterestinChinadatesbacktohischildhoodinBritain.HewantedtolearnmoreaboutChina,justashedidchemistry.Hetookupateachingpostthere—whathecalleda“onceinalifetimeopportunity”.Whenhefoundthecampuslabcouldn’tcontainhisdevotiontochemistry,hedecidedtoexpandhisfocus,takingscienceouttothepublic.“Inthisera,weareallbombedwithinformation,”hesaid.“Howdoyouactuallysortoutwhatistrueandwhatisfalse?Everybodythesedaysneedstothinkinascientificway.”EvansseeshiseffortstopopularizescienceasasupplementtoChina’seducationsystem,wherehefindssomestudentsarefedupwithtextbooksandlongingformorepractical,hands-onexperience.Sofar,hehasvisitedmorethan300citiesacrossChina,deliveringchemistrylessonsinschools,sciencemuseumsandothervenues.Hiseffortshavepaidoff.“Hopefully,Icangivestudentsachancetoactuallyseethebeautyofchemistry,andsomeofthemmayactuallybeinspiredtobecomescientists,”hesaid.ForhiscontributionsinChina,EvanswaspresentedtheFriendshipAward,thehighesthonorinChinaforforeigners,in2001.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述英國的埃文斯教授心系中國,普及化學知識,喚醒民眾對科學的興趣,自己也贏得了友誼獎的事情。1.What’sEvans’purposeofgivinglessonsonsocialmedia?A.Tosolvethestudents’problems.B.Todrawthepublic’swideattention.C.Topopularizethescienceofchemistry.D.Tosellhisnewworksonchemistry.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theoriginalintentionfromacademictoonlinecelebrityresultedfromhismissiontoinspirethegeneralpublicwiththewondersofchemistryby...”可知,埃文斯之所以爆紅網(wǎng)絡,是因為他想普及化學科學知識。2.WhydidEvanscalltheposta“onceinalifetimeopportunity”?A.Hevaluedhisjob.B.Hetookupteachingonce.C.Theopportunitywaseasytoget.D.Chemistrywashislifetimecareer.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段描述,埃文斯從童年時代就渴望來中國,了解中國。他來北京得到了教職。他不滿足于校內(nèi),走出校門,向大眾傳播化學知識,渴望喚醒更多的人對化學的興趣。由此可推知,他非常珍惜工作崗位,將得到這一崗位視作千載難逢的機會。3.WhatdothestudentsexpecttodoaccordingtoEvans?A.Recitetextbooks.B.Participateactively.C.Dolargeexercises.D.Visitmuseums.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“...somestudentsarefedupwithtextbooksandlongingformorepractical,hands-onexperience.”可知,在埃文斯看來,學生厭倦了書本,渴求實用的實踐知識,希望積極參與。4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.China’seducationsystem.B.Achemistrylessoninschools.C.FriendshipbetweenBritainandChina.D.AchemistryonlinehitinChina.答案D解析主旨大意題。文章開宗明義,指出埃文斯教授走出校門,成了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)明星。接下來敘述他在網(wǎng)絡或走街串巷,演示化學實驗,最終不負眾望,讓學生們領略到化學的美,也因此獲得了友誼獎。BDoesworkeverleaveyoufeelingunchangedwithlimitedopportunitiestobecreative?Toflyhigh,youmightwanttoincreaseyourbrain’sflexibility.Butisthisevenpossible,andifso,how?Mostjobsrequiretheabilitytosolveproblemsandcopewithchallenges,atleasttoacertainextent.Imagineateacherwhohasanewandverynervousstudentintheirclass.Ifthatteacherisaflexiblethinker,theywillbeabletoadapttheirclassroommanagement,eveniftheyhaven’tseenthissituationbefore.AccordingtoLeonardMlodinow,authorofElastic,flexiblethinkersrelyonideagenerationandimagination—theyarewillingtoexperimentandtakerisks.“Flexiblethinkingiswhatyouneedwhenthecircumstanceschange,andyouaredealingwithsomethingnew.It’snotaboutfollowingrules.”Therefore,insteadoffollowingthetypicalprocedureforinductinganewstudent,theteachermightcomeupwithatailoredresponse,basedonpredictionandpreviousexperience.So,howcanyoubecomeamoreflexiblethinker?AccordingtoDrLisaFeldmanBarrett,it’sallaboutexercisingthebrain.Onewayofdoingthis,shesays,isthroughexposuretoavarietyofexperienceswhichmakeiteasiertoadjusttonewsituations.Alotofcompaniesnowconsiderflexiblethinkingintheworkplace,especiallywhenitcomestodesign.Workspacesmayhavecoucheswhereworkerscanliedownandrelax,givingthemthespacetocomeupwithandprocessnewideas.Mlodinowsaysit’sveryimportanttotaketimetodaydream,listentoideasandconceptsyoudisagreewithandspendtimedoingactivitiesoutsideofyourcomfortzone.Thiswillhelpyouunderstandmultiplepointsofviewandthereforeblossominmanydifferentaspectsofyourcareer.So,ifyouwanttomakeachange,youcanbecomeaflexiblethinkertoo,withalittlepractice.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論在工作和生活中的彈性思維及其培養(yǎng)路徑。5.Whydoestheauthormentiontheteacherinparagraph2?A.Toindicateteachersaremoreflexible.B.Toexplainteachersarehighly-paid.C.Toprovethejobfaceslittlechallenges.D.Toshowthejobrequiresproblem-solvingskills.答案D解析推理判斷題。第二段首句為主題句,指出很多工作需要解決問題和應對挑戰(zhàn)的能力,然后以教師職業(yè)為例作為觀點的支撐。6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tailored”inparagraph2mean?A.Fixed. B.Suitable.C.Permanent. D.Designed.答案B解析詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上下文可知,此處指教師可能基于預測和以往經(jīng)驗想出一個合適的反應,tailored意思是“合適的”。7.Whatiscrucialforflexiblethinkers?A.Followingfixedrules.B.Lyingdownandsleep.C.Adjustingtonewsurroundings.D.Beingexposedtovariousdangers.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“...whichmakeiteasiertoadjusttonewsituations.”可知,對于擁有彈性思維的人來說,通過調(diào)適周圍環(huán)境來提高自己的變通能力是關鍵。8.Whatcanbeinferredaboutflexiblethinkingfromthetext?A.Itcanbetrainedbyexperiencingmore.B.Itleadspeopletostepintocomfortzone.C.Itencouragespeopletoperformtheroutine.D.Itemphasizestherisksofprocessingnewideas.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段陳述可推知,要想擁有彈性思維,可以通過鍛煉大腦、更多的體驗、靈活調(diào)適環(huán)境等方式獲取。COneofthemostimportantproductsofthearchitecturalspiritistheCraftsmanhome.Itemergedattheturnofthe20thcenturyoutoftheAmericanCraftsmanmovement.Whilelate19th-centuryVictorianhomesshowedofftheadvancesofAmericanmanufacturingthroughostentatious(裝飾豪華的)detailsanddecoration,theAmericanCraftsmanmovementemphasizedindividualistic,hand-workedgoodsandbuildings.Itwasareturntothebeautyofnaturalmaterialsandforms,andanencouragementofpersonaltalent.CraftsmanarchitecturebecamepopularthroughouttheAmericanMidwestandSouthernCalifornia,witharchitectslikeMyronHunt,Henryand,mostfamously,FrankLloydWrightheadliningthemovementandputtingtheirownstamponthestyle.Althoughtheymayvaryabitbyregion,youcanusuallyidentifyaCraftsmanhomefromtheoutsidebyitsroofthatextendspastthehome’swalls.Craftsmanhomeshaveplentyofopenspaceandwindowstoallownaturallighting,andaredesignedforeasyconstruction,andtendtohaveasmallfootprintofonlyoneortwostories.Thesecondstoryisoftennestledundertheroof.UnlikethesteeplypitchedgablesofVictorianhomes,Craftsmanhomeshavelesspronounced,softerpitchesontheirroofs.Theymayhavelargesingledormersabovewindowsorevenfeaturestainedglasswindows.Craftsmanhomescommonlyusenaturalbuildingmaterialslikewood,stucco,stone,orbrick.Craftsmanhomesarepopular.Theyarefairlycommon,oftenarchitecturallyinteresting,andprovideafunctionallayoutthatappealstomanypeople.ManyCraftsmanhomesalsohavesomehistoricappeal,especiallyifthey’rewell-maintained.Ifyou’relookingforalotoflivingspaceandmanybedroomsandbathrooms,aCraftsmanhomemightnotbeforyou.Butifyou’relookingforahomethatissimple,practical,andinteresting,aCraftsmanhomeisworthcheckingout.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了20世紀初出現(xiàn)的Craftsmanhouse,強調(diào)人與自然的和諧。9.WhatdidtheAmericanCraftsmanmovementfocuson?A.Personalizedlifestyle.B.Luxuryinteriordecoration.C.Harmonybetweenhumanandnature.D.Advancedtechnologyinhousebuilding.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Whilelate19th-centuryVictorianhomes...anencouragementofpersonaltalent.”可知,19世紀晚期的維多利亞式住宅通過奢華的細節(jié)和裝飾展示了美國制造業(yè)的進步,而美國工匠運動則強調(diào)個人主義、手工制作的商品和建筑。這是對自然材料和形式之美的回歸,也是對個人才能的鼓勵。10.WhichisthecharacteristicsofaCraftsmanhome?A.Beingeasytobuild.B.Narrowlivingarea.C.Beingopentotheair.D.Windowswithoutlights.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Craftsmanhomeshaveplentyof...onlyoneortwostories.”可知,工匠之家有足夠的開放空間和窗戶,允許自然采光,設計便于施工,往往占地面積小,只有一到兩層。11.WhyaretheVictorianhomesmentionedtwiceinthetext?A.Togiveexamples.B.Toexplainatheory.C.Topresentaconcept.D.Tomakecomparisons.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Whilelate19th-centuryVictorianhomes...emphasizedindividualistic,hand-workedgoodsandbuildings.”和第三段中的“UnlikethesteeplypitchedgablesofVictorianhomes,Craftsmanhomeshavelesspronounced,softerpitchesontheirroofs.”可知,兩次提及維多利亞式的建筑風格都是為了對比,以解釋說明新式工匠之家的建筑特色。12.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Scientists. B.Housebuyers.C.Architects. D.Historians.答案B解析推理判斷題。最后一段中的“Ifyou’relookingforalotof...worthcheckingout.”可知,如果你想要很大的生活空間和很多臥室和浴室,工匠之家可能不適合你。但如果你正在尋找一個簡單、實用、有趣的家,Craftsman是值得一試的。本文目的是為了解釋工匠之家的建筑特色,為購房者提供幫助。原創(chuàng)題組練(二)AAWorldOfWondersFromthepyramidsofGizatotheColossusofRhodes,BettanyHughesexploressomeoftheworld’smostthrillinglandscapes.Inalandscapethatvaluesconvenienceandquick-fireprogressoverallelse,it’satreattolookintotheBCEyearsanddiscovertheastonishingaccomplishmentsofleadersandkingslong,longdead,someofwhichstillpuzzlethemodernmind.HughestakesusthrougheachoftheSevenAncientWonders,notonlywonderingattheconstructionandgrandnessbut,perhapsmoreinterestingly,theexperiencesofthosewhoimagined,builtandenjoyedthem.Thisisnotabooktobequicklyswallowed,butenjoyedindeliciouspieces,regularlyglancingfromthepagetoinformwhomeverisincloseproximity(接近)ofthecuriositiesillustrated:“DidyouknowtheTempleofArtemiswasdestroyedandrebuiltthreetimes,eachmoreimpressivethanthelast?”or,“DidyouknowthatwhenthePyramidofGizawasbuilt,itwasawatersidefeature,andtheEgyptianlandscapewasgreen?”Thoroughlyresearchedandcited,Hughesalsoappearstohavevisitedmanyofthelocations,eventhosewecan’tbesureof,andthisfirst-handaccountingaddsamuch-neededelementofengagementtotheotherwisefact-anddate-heavynarrative.Recountingtheunpleasantsmellofbatdung(夜明砂)whilecrawlingthroughpyramidpassageways,doingherownon-footdetectiveworkatRhodestodiscoverthelocationoftheColossus,youcanimagineher,notinadustylibrarybutputtingonanIndianaJonesstylehatandadventuringfornumerouslegendarytreasures.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要向讀者推薦BettanyHughes關于古代奇跡的一本書。1.WhatdoesHughesfocusoninwriting?A.Quick-fireprogress.B.Commonsense.C.Ancientwonders.D.Modernminds.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Inalandscapethatvalues...whichstillpuzzlethemodernmind.”及第二段可知,在人們追求便利和短時間爆火的今天,Hughes的作品專注于探索發(fā)現(xiàn)古代帝王之謎,實屬難能可貴。她帶領我們穿越古代七大奇跡,不僅僅是宏偉的建筑,而且關注其中相關的人物。故選C項。2.WhatcanwelearnaboutHughes?A.Shepreferstodescribedeliciousfood.B.Sheisfondofquestioningthetruth.C.Sheisusedtoworkinginadustylibrary.D.Shehighlightshands-onexperiences.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段描述可知,經(jīng)過精心調(diào)查研究和引證,Hughes也實地去了我們不太了解的地方,這些第一手的資料又給本來單調(diào)的事實性敘述增添了生動的元素。詳述穿越金字塔通道時夜明砂的難聞氣味,為找到羅德島太陽神巨像位置而進行一系列的徒步探索,從中可以想象Hughes不是待在圖書館品味傳奇故事。由此可推斷,Hughes更注重親身體驗。故選D項。3.What’sthepurposeofwritingthetext?A.Torecommendabook.B.Tointroduceplacesofinterest.C.Toattracttourists.D.Tohuntfortreasures.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Thisisnotabooktobequicklyswallowed,but...”可知,本文寫作目的是為了推薦一本書。BDuringmywritingthisreview,Ilookedatfourseparatescreens.Therewasmylaptop,ontowhichItypedthistext;therewasmyphone,receivingmessagesfromfriendsandcolleagues;myiPad,forhuntingadditionaldetails;and,inthebackground,aTVpassivelyshowingprograms.Sofar,sonormalin2024.Butwhatdoallthosescreensandthetimespentwiththemdotous?Plentyofbooksandarticlesscreamwarningsabouttheimpactofthistechnologyonourlives.Wearebecomingimpatient,stupider,addicted,andweneedtodigitallydetox.

Exceptthatwearen’tandwedon’t,asPeteEtchells,apsychologistandsciencecommunicatoratBathSpaUniversity,UK,explainsinUnlocked:TheRealScienceofScreenTime.Init,hewalksacomplicatedtightrope(繃索),uncoveringsomeofthemostharmfulfictionsaboutoursmartphoneandscreen-dominatedlives,whileofferinggoodadviceabouthowtoimprovethetimewespendwithscreens.Asasociety,arguesEtchells,“wehavebecometoomentallyupset—andevenfearful—aboutscreens”.Hesaysthatourworriesare“deeplyunusual,groundedfirmlyinstoriesandlivedexperience”,ratherthanevidence.Toovercomethefearthathastakenhold,Etchellssuggestswestopthinkingaboutscreentimeandinsteadfocusonscreenhabits.Theformerworriesabouthowmuchistoomuch,whilethelatterismorerealistic.Afterall,4hoursspentworkingonscreensisdifferentfrom4hourslistlesslyscrollingthroughsocialmedia.Explainingallthisclearly,withusefulcomparisonsandhumors,iswhatmakesUnlockedamust-read.ItislikeapopularscienceTVseries:friendlyandcharming.Itisalsoacorrective,providingarealisticmedicineforhopelessness.IntheUK,asurveyfoundthattwo-thirdsofthepublicwouldsupportabanonsellingsmartphonestounder-16s.ButgovernmentofficialswoulddobettertoreadUnlocked.Thatway,theycanmakeinformeddecisionsaboutwhethersuchbansareneeded,andiftheywouldmakeadifference.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了人們對電子屏幕時代的看法。4.Forwhatpurposedoestheauthordescribethesceneinthefirstparagraph?A.Toshowtheexposuretoscreens.B.Toexplainthedevelopmentofscreens.C.Toevaluatedifferentelectricalproducts.D.Tointroducetheusageofelectricalproducts.答案A解析寫作手法題。根據(jù)文章第一段,作者描述了寫本文時的情形:同時使用了四種屏幕。再根據(jù)第二段描述可知,作者描述屏幕使用情景為的是引出下文屏幕使用問題的討論。故選A項。5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“digitallydetox”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Dependonelectronicdevices.B.Becomedigitalusers.C.Ignorethewarnings.D.Overcomedigitaladdition.答案D解析詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段描述可知,目前人們普遍使用多種電子屏幕。大量的書籍和文章警告電子屏幕給我們的生活帶來的影響。我們變得越來越不耐煩,越來越愚鈍,越來越上癮,因此我們需要克服對電子產(chǎn)品的過度依賴,戒除上癮。故選D項。6.WhatisthekeytothefearofscreensaccordingtoEtchells?A.Limitingscreentime.B.Concentratingonpracticaluse.C.Comparingsocialmedia.D.Makinganargument.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段描述可知,Etchells建議人們不要再考慮屏幕時間長短,而應該關注人們的屏幕使用習慣。前者的度不好把握,后者更具備現(xiàn)實意義。故選B項。7.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsEtchells’understandingofscreens?A.Critical.B.Tolerant.C.Supportive.D.Uncertain.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第三句“Itisalsoacorrective,providingarealisticmedicineforhopelessness.”及最后一段可推知,作者對于Etchells的觀點持贊同態(tài)度。故選C項。CCollingwood-Norriswasplayingwithhernewpetdog,Stitch,whilewearingafavouritesecond-handjumper.Stitchjumpedupandgrabbedhersleeveandtoreseveralholesinitwithhersharpteeth.Collingwood-Norris,now37,wasn’tabouttocasttheitemout.“Ican’tbeartothrowawayniceclothingjustbecauseofahole,”sheexplains.AsaknitweardesignerbasedinGalashiels,Scotland,shewasusedtomakingherownjumpers,butaftershewasleftwithahandfulofjumpersthathaddog-affectedholes,shedecidedtotackleanewskill:mending.ShebeganbyreadingabookcalledMakeDoandMend,abouttheinnovativethriftiness(節(jié)儉)thatemergedduringWorldWarⅡ.

Insteadoftryingtomaketherepairassmallaspossible,sheturnedto‘visiblemending’,atrendinrepairingclothesthatleavesanintentionallyobviousfix.Needleworkersaddflowers,brightsquaresorothersmalldesignstodamagedclothes.“Everytimeyoudoarepair,it’slikehavinganewgarmentinyourwardrobe,”saysCollingwood-Norris.She’sevenstartedtorepairotherthings—includingaholeintheredsofachairshe’ssittingonduringourvideointerview.Sadly,wehavebecomeaccustomedtoreplacingthingsinsteadofrepairingthem—andthegarbageispilingup.Worldwide,wecastout92milliontonnesoftextiles(紡織品)everyyear.Electronicwasteisanothergrowingproblem:anestimated50milliontonnesofitiscreatedeachyeararoundtheworld.Thegoodnewsisthatfixingthingscanhelpsolvethewasteproblem.It’spartofalargershifttowardsacirculareconomy—theideathatinsteadofcastingoutitemsoncetheyarebrokenoroutofdate,wereuseorrepairthem,keepingthemoutofthelandfillforaslongaspossible.Aboutone-thirdofgreenhousegasemissionscomefromman-madegoodsandconsumables.Accordingtoa2023reportfromCircleEconomy,aNetherlands-basedNGO,iftheworldswitchedtoacirculareconomywecouldlowertheamountofmaterialweneedtoextractfromnaturebyathird.Ofcoursethereisstillsomethingtodowiththewaste.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要敘述一種對老舊物品的處理方式——修補。而且進行花樣修補,修補后循環(huán)使用。8.WhydoestheauthormentionCollingwood-Norris’petdog?A.Toshowhowlovelythedogwas.B.Tointroducethetopicofmending.C.Tohighlightthesecond-handjumper.D.Totellaninterestingstoryofthedog.答案B解析寫作手法題。根據(jù)第一、二段描述可知,Collingwood-Norris家的寵物狗Stitch用伶俐的牙齒在連衣裙上撕了幾個洞,她決定不再扔掉,而是修補。由此可推知,開頭提到她家寵物狗是為了引出下文主題。故選B項。9.HowdidCollingwood-Norrisdowithdamagedclothes?A.Shethrewthemaway.B.Sheputthemawayinwardrobe.C.Shefixedthemskillfully.D.Shemadetherepairsassmallaspossible.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二、三段描述可知,作為當?shù)亟z織品設計者,Collingwood-Norris決定將被狗咬過的連衣裙進行修補,而且精心設計,將花朵、鮮艷的方塊等元素加入,有意識地將修補的地方顯現(xiàn)出來。故選C項。10.Whatcanwelearnaboutacirculareconomy?A.Itpromotessustainableuseofresources.B.Itleadstogreenhousegasemissions.C.Itpreventsproductioninnovation.D.Itextractsmorefromnature.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五、六段敘述可知,循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(circulareconomy)不是將廢舊用品扔掉,而是重新利用或修補。這樣,減少了我們從自然中攫取資源。由此可推知,循環(huán)經(jīng)濟促進資源的可持續(xù)利用。故選A項。11.Whatwillbediscussedinthefollowingparagraphs?A.Electronicwaste.B.Thevideointerview.C.Man-madegoods.D.Solutionstothewasteproblem.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一句“Ofcoursethereisstillsomethingtodowiththewaste.”可推知,接下來作者將介紹處理廢物的幾種辦法。故選D項。原創(chuàng)題組練(三)ASomemightsaythathandwritinghasbecomeadyingartsincetheappearanceofthetypewriterinthemid1880’s,evenmoresoduetocomputers.Infact,manyschoolsintheUnitedStatesnolongerrequiredteachingcursive(草體)asapartofthecorecurriculums.However,despitethesensethatwritingonpaperisoutoffashion,itactuallyhasanumberofveryimportantbenefits.Writingbyhandisnotonlyimportantforlanguageprocessingandmemory,itisalsoimportantforcognitive(認知)development.APsychologyTodaybloglaysoutthewaysinwhichlearningtowritebyhandteachesthebrain“functionalspecialization”orinotherwords,thebestefficiency.Inlearningtowritebyhand,thehumanbrainmustintegratesensation,movementcontrol,andthinking.Forwhateverreason,itdoesnotdosowhenlearningtotype.Writingbyhands’cognitivebenefitsarenumerousandtherearemanystudiesthatcanprovethat.A2021studybytheUniversityofTokyoshowsthatwritingonpapercouldhelpstudentsrecallmaterialsbetterthantypingonakeyboard.Likewise,a2014studyfromtheAssociationforPsychologicalScienceshowsthattakingnotesonalaptopasopposedtowritingthemlonghand,leadstoshallowerprocessingofthemateriallearned.Thisisbecausewhenusingalaptop,studentswilloftentypeoutlectureswordforword,asopposedtoprocessinginformationandrewordingitintheirownlanguage.Thesebenefitsactuallytranslatetohowyourecalltheinformation.Inthiscasewritingitbyhandinsteadoftypingalsohelpsstudentsdobetteronexams.AstudyledbyDr.VirginiaBerninger,aprofessoroftheUniversityofWashington,suggeststhatchildrenwrotelongerandmorecomplexessayswhentheywerewritingbyhand,asopposedtousingakeyboard.“Childrenconsistentlydidbetterwritingwithapenwhentheywroteessays.Theywrotemoreandtheywrotefaster,”BerningertoldFuturity.Sothenexttimeyousitdowntowriteanemailtoalovedone,considerthepossibilitythatitmightbebetterforyourbrainifyouwroteahandwrittenletterinstead.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論手寫的益處——用鍵盤的學習效果遠不如手寫。1.Whatdowelearnabouthandwritingfromparagraph1?A.Ithasitsuniquevalue.B.Ithasbecomeanewfashion.C.ItscursiveformisrequiredintheUS.D.Itsnaturehasbeenreplacedbycomputers.答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“However...itactuallyhasanumberofveryimportantbenefits.”可知,盡管手寫已經(jīng)過時,但它的確有很多重要的益處。故選A項。2.Accordingtoparagraphs2-3,whatcanweknowaboutwritingbyhand?A.Itcanresultinlessbrainconnectivity.B.Itcanboostmemoryandunderstanding.C.Itmighthavelittletodowithrecallingmaterials.D.Itmightleadtoshallowerprocessinginformation.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Writingbyhandisnotonlyimportantforlanguageprocessingandmemory,itisalsoimportantforcognitive(認知)development.”及第三段描述可知,手寫不僅有助于記憶,還有助于認知發(fā)展。下段敘述這一論點得到了實驗驗證。故選B項。3.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardwriting?A.Critical. B.Uncertain.C.Tolerant. D.Supportive.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段敘述,作者建議手寫信給親人,而不是發(fā)電子郵件。由此可推知,作者對于手寫持支持態(tài)度。故選D項。4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.EfficiencyComesFirstB.MoreComplexEssaysareNeededC.ThePenisMightierthantheKeyboardD.ScienceisthePrimaryProductiveForce.答案C解析主旨大意題。通讀全文,隨著電腦的普及,手寫雖然顯得過時,但依然益處多多。手寫有助于記憶和認知發(fā)展,而且得到了諸多實驗驗證。因此,用鍵盤的學習效果遠不如動手寫(ThePenisMightierthantheKeyboard)最能概括文章主旨。故選C項。BTheprintedbookisback.Recentstudieshaveshownthatstudentskeepinmindmoreinformationwhentheyreadahard-copybookcomparedtoreadingonadigitaldevice.Ilovethewaywenowjudgeprintedbooksusingthelanguageofthedigitalworld.E-booksmaycomewitha“suiteofguidingtools”,butitturnsoutthatthebestguidingdevicesareyourfingers.Youcanusethemtolookthroughthepagesforwardsandbackwards.Tothink,allthistime,thosedeviceshavejustbeensittingthere,hangingattheendofyourarm.Fansofdigitalbooksmaypointoutthate-readershaveahandy“search”tool.Old-fashionedbooksalsohaveasearchfunction,inwhichyouturnbacktotheopeningchaptertoremindyourselfofthehero’sdescription.Theyevenhavea“bookmarksystem”,whichusesadevicecalleda“bookmark”.Fansofthee-bookpointoutthatdigitaltextiseasytoannotate.Somedevicesevenfeaturealittleimageofapenciltoguidethereaderthroughtheprocess.Traditional-bookusershaveasimilarsystemcalleda“pencil”.Withit,favouredpassagescanbeunderlinedand,ifit’sahistorybook,commentscanbewritteninthemargin(頁邊),suchas“Notso,accordingtoTheDeclineandFalloftheRomanEmpire.”Thusnoted,suchbookscanbeleftaroundforotherstostudy,convincingfamilymembersofyourinsight.Theprintedbook,ofcourse,hasotheradvantages.Afullbookshelfisatonceasoundbaseandastoreofknowledge.Andanyproperlythumbedbookwillalwaysfallopenatthesexiestscene.Also,thesmellofoldbooksinasecond-handbookshopisinstantlyremindful.Yes,it’samixofmould(霉味)andoldpaper,buttomeitrepresentspossibility.Educationalfashionscomeandgo,somaybetheshiftbacktotraditionalbookswon’tlast.Butforthemoment,Ifindmyselfstandingatattention,extendingmytextbook-builtshouldersandsalutingtheirgloriousreturn.Inthedebateaboutwhichisbetter,itseemsthatthehard-copybookishardertoknockoutthanoriginallythought.【語篇導讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要介紹了印刷書籍的回歸及其原因。5.Whydoestheauthorusethedigitallanguagetojudgeprintedbooks?A.Toexplainconcepts.B.Tohighlightdevelopmentoflanguages.C.Topleasereaders.D.Tomakebettercomparisons.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。關鍵詞定位在第二段。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Ilovethewaywenowjudgeprintedbooksusingthelanguageofthedigitalworld.”以及在文章各處的引用的電子術語“suiteofguidingtools”“search”“bookmarksystem”“pencil”這些傳統(tǒng)的紙質(zhì)書閱讀中的術語,可能在電子書閱讀時代被賦予了新的內(nèi)涵,但重點還是第二段中的“judgeprintedbooksusingthelanguageofthedigitalworld”可推知,作者喜歡使用這些電子時代的語言來評判紙質(zhì)書,更多是為了在兩者之間更好地作比較。通過下文看,作者也是一條一條來說明的。第二段就電子書籍便捷的導引功能,作者提到事實證明,最好的導引工具還是人的手指;第三段提到電子書籍便捷的搜索功能,作者指出紙質(zhì)書同樣具備此功能,而且還具備“書簽系統(tǒng)”;第三段提到電子書籍便于加注,作者提出紙質(zhì)書讀者用鉛筆加注,遇到喜歡的章節(jié),可以加下劃線,若是歷史書籍,還可以在頁邊處寫評論,以便與家人分享你的觀點。故選D項。6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“annotate”inparagraph4mean?A.Search. B.Access.C.Addnotes. D.Getinformation.答案C解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Fansofthee-bookpointoutthatdigitaltextiseasytoannotate.”以及下面的舉例可知,用鉛筆可將喜歡的段落標注下劃線,若是歷史書籍,可在頁邊題寫評論。由此可推斷,annotate一詞意為“加注”。故選C項。7.Whatattractsthereadersastoprintedbooks?A.Valueofsenses. B.Knowledgestorage.C.Bookshelves. D.Bookstores.答案A解析推理判斷題。本題定位在第五段。此段首句“Theprintedbook,ofcourse,hasotheradvantages.”表示除了上述紙質(zhì)書閱讀與電子閱讀的區(qū)別(或者說,與電子閱讀相比,紙質(zhì)書略勝一籌外),紙質(zhì)書還獨具一些優(yōu)勢:一個擺滿書的書架總是一個顯眼的地方,那里存貯了滿滿的知識,而且人們高贊的書籍總是打開,擺在最耀眼的位置;根據(jù)第五段第四、五句可知,印刷書的氣味是霉味和舊報紙的混合氣味,但于作者而言,這種氣味代表(獲取知識)的無限可能性。故選A項。8.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyE-booksAreConvenientB.WhythePrintedBookIsBackC.WhyEducationalFashionsChangeD.WhyDigitalReadingBecomesPopular答案B解析主旨大意題。文章開宗明義,提出“Theprintedbookisback.”,印刷書籍重新興起,而且用研究結(jié)論來支撐。研究表明:學生通過閱讀紙質(zhì)書籍,比在電子閱讀中記住更多的信息。下文大篇幅就印刷書與電子書的優(yōu)缺點展開比較,尤其突出了使用印刷書閱讀的美好體驗。最后一段回歸主題,進行總結(jié):盡管傳統(tǒng)書籍的回歸不一定持續(xù)多長時間,但此時此刻,“我”向這種回歸致敬。與文章開頭相照應。因此,“印刷書為何回歸”是最佳標題。故選B項。CThemonarchisperhapsthebest-knownbutterflyinNorthAmerica.Everyfall,theymigratefromtheUSandCanadatoCaliforniaandMexicoforthewinter,breedingmultiplegenerationsalongtheway.Butnowthemonarchisintrouble.Duetohabitatloss,milkweed,theplantsthatthebutterflycaterpillarsfeedon,arefewerandfartherbetween,sothenumberofmonarchisdeclining.Inthe1990s,researchersattheUniversityofMinnesotadecidedtousecitizensciencetocollectlong-termdataonmonarchcaterpillarsandmilkweedhabitatinordertoprovideinformationthatdecisionmakerscanusetohelppreventthemonarch’sdecline.TheMonarchLarvaMonitoringProjecthasgrowntoinvolvevolunteersfromacrossNorthAmerica.Participantsvolunteertomonitoraparticularsite—oftentheirownbackyards.Throughonlineorin-persontraining,thevolunteerslearnhowtoidentifymilkweedaswellastheeggs,caterpillarsandpupae(蛹)ofmonarchbutterflies.Theyalsolearnaboutthemonarch’smigration.Eachyear,volunteersrecordwhenmilkweedplants