Unit2SectionB（單元知識(shí)清單）學(xué)生版

Unit2What’sthematter?單元知識(shí)清單必背詞匯SectionB必背詞匯___________[r??pe?(r)]v.修理___________[?br??k?n]adj.破損的___________[wi?l]n.輪子___________[?let?(r)]n.信件，字母___________[bla?nd]adj.瞎的___________[def]adj.聾的___________[???p?n]v.打開(kāi)adj.開(kāi)著的___________[?k?ri]v.拿，提，扛___________[?klev?(r)]adj.聰明的___________[?d???ni]n.（尤指長(zhǎng)途）旅行，行程→___________.v.旅行___________[bre?k]v.打破，折斷→___________.adj.破損的，殘缺的___________['e?bl]adj可以的，能夠的→___________.n能力→___________.v使能夠→___________.adj殘疾的___________[?d?f?k?lti]n.困難，難題→___________adj.困難的→___________.adv.困難地__________[?k?sa?t?d]adj.（人）感到激動(dòng)的，興奮的→___________.adv.興奮地→___________.adj.（物）令人感到興奮的，激動(dòng)的→___________.n.興奮，激動(dòng)___________[??nd?r?st?nd]v理解，懂得→___________.adj善解人意的，體諒人的___________[t?e?nd?]v.改變→___________.n.變化→___________.n.零錢(qián)重要語(yǔ)塊?？季湫椭匾Z(yǔ)塊?？季湫蚠_________________推遲；延遲做某事__________________至少__________________賺許多錢(qián)__________________對(duì)…擔(dān)憂__________________在某人空閑時(shí)間里__________________為無(wú)家可歸的人籌錢(qián)/募捐__________________與相像；像（有血緣關(guān)系）__________________贈(zèng)送；捐贈(zèng)__________________修理；修補(bǔ)；解決__________________與……相似__________________停正在做的事去做另件事__________________建立；設(shè)立__________________對(duì)…有影響__________________我的一個(gè)朋友__________________在做某事方面有困難__________________殘疾人__________________能夠_________________________________使某人有可能做某事__________________發(fā)出指令_________________________________課外閱讀項(xiàng)目_____________________獲得一只經(jīng)過(guò)特殊訓(xùn)練的狗__________________幸運(yùn)的做某事__________________在…方面很強(qiáng)__________________作為做一名志愿者幫助做某事__________________有空做某事，自由去做某事，任意做..__________________產(chǎn)生良好的效果?？季湫统？季湫蚠_____________________________________________________我做我熱愛(ài)干的工作同時(shí)幫助別人。______________________________________________________你幫助擁有幸運(yùn)兒對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)成為可能。______________________________________________________幸運(yùn)兒對(duì)我的生活起重要作用______________________________________________________我喜歡動(dòng)物并且因過(guò)去擁有狗的想法而感到激動(dòng)。______________________________________________________他提出的辦法效果不錯(cuò)。單元寫(xiě)作核心語(yǔ)法單元寫(xiě)作核心語(yǔ)法敘述自己參與的志愿者活動(dòng)，應(yīng)聘到某處做志愿者【精講01詞匯】???1.repair動(dòng)詞，意為“修理；修補(bǔ)”。Irepairedthekitewithbeautifulflowers.我修好了那個(gè)帶著漂亮的花的風(fēng)箏?！颈嫖觥縭epair、mend與fix三者都有“修理；修補(bǔ)”之意，有時(shí)可以通用，但也有區(qū)別。用法例句repair對(duì)象范圍很廣，從房屋、道路到日常生活必需品，使受到一定損失或失靈的東西恢復(fù)其形狀或功能。Whohasrepairedthebrokenlegofthetable?誰(shuí)把桌子的斷腿修好了?mend意思是恢復(fù)某物體原來(lái)的樣子(包括用針、線來(lái)縫補(bǔ))。一般指較小之物，像鞋子、窗子等。Thisshirtistoooldtomend.這件衣服太舊,不能補(bǔ)了。fix用于需要重新“調(diào)”物體的結(jié)構(gòu)，把松散的部件固定結(jié)實(shí)，將分離的物體各部分裝配起來(lái)。fixup修理；裝飾。fixon選定，確定。Canyoufixthebrokenchair?你能修理那把壞了的椅子嗎?（2425九年級(jí)上·江蘇揚(yáng)州·期中）—Mum,mybikeisbroken.Itrequires________.—Don’tworry.Yourdadwillhaveit________soon.repairing;repaired B．toberepaired;repairing C．torepair;torepair D．repairing;toberepaired???2.imaginev.想象；設(shè)想(1)作及物動(dòng)詞后加名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或從句作賓語(yǔ)。Weoftenimaginelivinginabighouse我們經(jīng)常想象住在一所大房子里。Closeyoureyesandimagine(that)you'reintheforest.閉上眼睛，想象你在森林里。(2)作不及物動(dòng)詞Hebecameveryangryafterheknewthetruth.Itisveryeasytoimagine.知道真相后，他很生氣。這很容易想象得到。（2025·上海松江·一模）Ican’timagine________withoutmyfavoritebook.A．travel B．totravel C．travelling D．travelled???3.carry作動(dòng)詞，意為＂拿；提；扛＂后接名詞作賓語(yǔ)。Letmehelpyoucarrythebox.讓我來(lái)幫你提箱子吧。【易混辨析】bring/take/carry/fetch/get意思例句bring意為“帶來(lái)，拿來(lái)”P(pán)leasebringyourhomeworktoschooltomorrow.take意為“帶走，拿走”I'mgoingonatripandI'lltakemycamerawithme.carry意為“搬運(yùn)，攜帶；運(yùn)送”，不強(qiáng)調(diào)方向，主要指用手、肩等搬運(yùn)較重的東西。Hecarriedtheheavyboxupstairs.fetch意為“去取來(lái)，去拿來(lái)”，相當(dāng)于“goandbring”，有一個(gè)往返的過(guò)程。Iaskedhimtofetchsomewater.get意為“去拿來(lái)，去得到”，與fetch意思相近，口語(yǔ)中用得較多。Canyougetmeaglassofwater?【圖解助記】（2223七年級(jí)下·江蘇·）Please________theoldboxoutand________thenewonehere.A．bring,take B．take,carry C．bring,carry D．take,bring【精講02短語(yǔ)】???1.fixup意為＂修理；修補(bǔ)＂是由＂動(dòng)詞+副詞＂構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，名詞作賓語(yǔ)可放在短語(yǔ)中間或短語(yǔ)后面。代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)置于fix與up之間。Theputerdoesn’twork.Canyoufixitup?這臺(tái)電腦壞了，你會(huì)修理嗎?【易混辨析】repair表示使受到一定損壞或失靈的東西恢復(fù)其性能或機(jī)能，其對(duì)象范圍很廣，從道路、機(jī)器到日常用品等mend常表示修補(bǔ)破損的東西，使其恢復(fù)原樣，一般指較小的物品。如：mendtheshoes/thewindows等1.（2223八年級(jí)下·湖北）—Myputerisbroken.—WhynotaskMrSmith________foryou?A．tofixupit B．fixupit C．fixitup D．tofixitup2.（2223八年級(jí)上·遼寧營(yíng)口·期中）Myfather________mybikeat5:00yesterdayafternoon.A．mends B．mended C．ismending D．wasmending???2.setup建立；設(shè)立【易混辨析】setup與buildsetup意為＂建立，設(shè)立，開(kāi)辦＂，后常接某一組織、機(jī)構(gòu)、團(tuán)體等。build意為＂建造，修建＂，后常接建筑物、機(jī)械等?！局R(shí)拓展】setup也可意為＂豎立，架起，建起＂。Theyaregoingtosetupabridgebetweenthetwoislands.他們打算在這兩個(gè)島之間架起一座橋梁。（2024·江蘇無(wú)錫·一模）—Hey,buddy,goodnewsforyou.Aspacespecialexhibitionhall_________inourcity.—really?Ican’twaittosee.A．willsetup B．willtakeup C．willbesetup D．willbetakenup???3.workout意為＂產(chǎn)生結(jié)果；發(fā)展；成功＂。Ithinkthatthisinterestingprogramwillworkout.我認(rèn)為這個(gè)有趣的方案將會(huì)成功。Theplanworkedoutbadly.計(jì)劃進(jìn)行很不成功。（2425九年級(jí)上·全國(guó)）Withoutyourhelp,Ican’t_______theprobleminsuchashorttime.A．thinkof B．tryout C．giveout D．workout【精講03句子】???1.howtocareforanimals如何照顧動(dòng)物們＂howtocareforanimals＂是＂疑問(wèn)詞+不定式＂結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)，可以轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語(yǔ)從句howIcancareforanimals。Childrenshouldlearnhowtocarefortheold.孩子們應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)如何照顧老人?！耙蓡?wèn)詞+不定式＂結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成句法作用常見(jiàn)跟此結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞疑問(wèn)詞+不定式疑問(wèn)代詞who，whom,what，which等和疑問(wèn)副詞when，where，how等在句中常作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。當(dāng)此結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可與賓語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行同義轉(zhuǎn)換。tell,know,decide,show,ask,consider,discover,explain,learn,understand等。Howtosolvethisproblemisveryimportant.(作主語(yǔ))Canyoutellmewheretobuythiskindofbook?(作賓語(yǔ))Thequestionishowtogetthereontime.(作表語(yǔ))1.（2024·四川遂寧·中考真題）—Daddy,theMiddleAutumnFestivalising.Couldyoupleasetellme________forgrandparents?—Youcanbuysomemooncakes,fruitsandflowersforthem.A．howtobuy B．whattobuy C．wheretobuy D．whentobuy2.（2023·湖北孝感·中考真題）—Safetyisveryimportanttoallofus.—Iagree.Westudentsshouldlearn________ourselvesinthedailylife.A．wheretohold B．whattovisit C．howtoprotect D．whytohelp???2.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.你幫助我,使我能夠擁有Lucky。make是使役動(dòng)詞，意為＂使；使成為＂，后常跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即＂make+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(形容詞)＂。putersmakeiteasytolearnEnglish.電腦使英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)變得容易。it作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是后置的動(dòng)詞不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)formetohaveLucky。it作形式賓語(yǔ)的用法當(dāng)不定式作賓語(yǔ)，且其后有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將動(dòng)詞不定式置于句末。WefinditimportanttolearnEnglishwell.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很重要。常跟it作形式賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：make/find/feel/consider/think等。1．（2023·四川甘孜·中考真題）Mikemadefacestomakehislittlebrother__________.A．laughs B．laugh C．tolaugh D．laughing2．（2024·黑龍江·中考真題）Hefound________veryinterestingtovisitHarbininwinter.A．this B．that C．it【精講04寫(xiě)作】???1.話題分析本單元的話題是“提供幫助和做志愿者”，該話題在中考英語(yǔ)中屬于?？挤懂?。以應(yīng)用文體裁為主，內(nèi)容豐富多樣。通過(guò)本單元深入學(xué)習(xí)如何生動(dòng)敘述自己參與過(guò)的志愿者活動(dòng)，詳細(xì)描述為他人提供的具體幫助。比如，應(yīng)聘成為特定場(chǎng)所的志愿者時(shí)，要清晰闡述自己計(jì)劃開(kāi)展的志愿者活動(dòng)，以及能夠?yàn)樗嘶蛳嚓P(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)貢獻(xiàn)的切實(shí)幫助。本單元著重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生三方面的關(guān)鍵能力：一要求學(xué)生熟練掌握并精準(zhǔn)表達(dá)活動(dòng)的核心要點(diǎn)，讓他人能夠迅速了解活動(dòng)的關(guān)鍵信息。二學(xué)會(huì)撰寫(xiě)結(jié)構(gòu)清晰、內(nèi)容完整的簡(jiǎn)單應(yīng)聘信，在應(yīng)聘過(guò)程中展現(xiàn)自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)和誠(chéng)意。三提升清晰表達(dá)自我的能力，能準(zhǔn)確、流暢地傳達(dá)自己的想法和意愿。???2.寫(xiě)作提綱???3.素材積累短語(yǔ)：_________________幫助做_________________打掃_(dá)________________使高興起來(lái)_________________分發(fā)食物_________________教學(xué)生_________________給出建議_________________制定計(jì)劃_________________想出_________________在敬老院上班_________________想辦法解決_________________照顧_________________決定做_________________放棄_________________在歲時(shí)_________________參加選拔_________________嘗試做_________________實(shí)現(xiàn)______________________學(xué)到重要的東西_________________對(duì)感興趣_________________同時(shí)_________________自愿去做_________________張貼_________________捐贈(zèng)_________________因而感謝_________________改變我的生活句型：____________________________________________________________________我想去幫忙打掃市里的公園。____________________________________________________________________我會(huì)教孩子們學(xué)英語(yǔ)。_______________________________________________________咱們做些通知吧。____________________________________________________________________我想在敬老院做志愿者。_______________________________________________________我喜歡讀報(bào)給他們聽(tīng)。____________________________________________________________________我們應(yīng)該傾聽(tīng)他們并且照顧他們。____________________________________________________________________我喜歡小動(dòng)物想成為一名獸醫(yī)。____________________________________________________________________我得到強(qiáng)烈的滿(mǎn)足感當(dāng)我看見(jiàn)他們主人臉上的喜悅感。____________________________________________________________________能在這做志愿者，我的夢(mèng)想實(shí)現(xiàn)了。____________________________________________________________________我可以做我喜歡做得去幫助別人。____________________________________________________________________幫助別人能給我們帶來(lái)快樂(lè)。______________________________________________我覺(jué)得我們最好____________________________________________________________________在業(yè)余時(shí)間我喜歡做所以我覺(jué)得我擅長(zhǎng)這項(xiàng)工作。_______________________________________________我強(qiáng)烈想加入____________________________________________________________________我想在你們的團(tuán)隊(duì)里做一名志愿者。（2425八年級(jí)上·江蘇宿遷·期末）國(guó)際動(dòng)物救助中心“InternationalAnimalHelpers”(IAH)正在招募志愿者。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下信息，幫助李華寫(xiě)一封英文申請(qǐng)信，加入國(guó)際動(dòng)物救助中心。InternationalAnimalHelpersApplicationformName:LiHuaSchool:MoonlightMiddleSchoolGrade:8Hobbies:喜歡動(dòng)物、對(duì)DIY很著迷、打雪仗Abilities:knowalotaboutanimals;Personality:…(至少寫(xiě)兩點(diǎn))Hope:…(自由發(fā)揮)Telephonenumber:01055586777注意：1.詞數(shù)90左右，開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2.文中應(yīng)包括所給內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)擇，使文章連貫；3.文中不得出現(xiàn)考生的真實(shí)姓名、校名等信息。DearChairperson,IwouldliketojointheInternationalAnimalHelpers.First,letmeintroducemyself.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Youcancallmeon01055586777oremailmeatlihua@163.Yourssincerely,LiHua（2425八年級(jí)上·江蘇泰州·期末）泰州動(dòng)物園將在寒假期間招募志愿者，假設(shè)你是李平，請(qǐng)根據(jù)招募要求寫(xiě)一封自薦信。內(nèi)容如下：1.你喜歡什么動(dòng)物；2.你的個(gè)性和業(yè)余愛(ài)好；3.做一名志愿者的計(jì)劃。寫(xiě)作要求：1.根據(jù)提示，內(nèi)容自擬，要求表達(dá)清晰，過(guò)渡合理，銜接自然，可適當(dāng)拓展；2.不得使用真實(shí)的班級(jí)、人名等相關(guān)信息；3.詞數(shù)100左右。Dearsir.I’mLiPingfromSunshineMiddleSchool.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiPing（2425八年級(jí)上·四川成都·期末）上周你校英語(yǔ)廣播站登了一則英文廣告“StudentHelperWanted”，你想去應(yīng)聘此項(xiàng)工作。請(qǐng)結(jié)合廣告內(nèi)容給編輯寫(xiě)一封自薦信。StudentHelperWanted!TheEnglishStudyCenterneedsaweekendstudenthelperforprimaryschoolstudents.Youmust:·beamiddleschoolstudent·havegoodgradesinEnglish·begoodwithchildren·beoutgoingCalltheEnglishStudyCenterat4435667formoreinformation.要求：1）信的格式已給出。文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)人名、校名等信息；2）可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3）詞數(shù)：80100。DearSirorMadam,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua（2025九年級(jí)·湖南）假設(shè)你叫李明，你打算利用寒假前往農(nóng)村地區(qū)開(kāi)展幫助兒童學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的志愿者活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下思維導(dǎo)圖內(nèi)容提示給學(xué)校英語(yǔ)俱樂(lè)部寫(xiě)一封信，申請(qǐng)參加此次活動(dòng)。注意：（1）可在思維導(dǎo)圖內(nèi)容提示的基礎(chǔ)上適當(dāng)拓展信息。（2）不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出現(xiàn)真實(shí)校名、地名和考生的真實(shí)姓名。（3）語(yǔ)句連貫，詞數(shù)80左右。作文的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)，也不必抄寫(xiě)在答題卡上。DearSir/Madam,IhaveheardthattheschoolEnglishclubneedssomevolunteerstohelpchildreninruralareasintheingwinterholiday.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiMing（2425八年級(jí)上·江蘇宿遷·期末）假如你是陽(yáng)光中學(xué)八年級(jí)的Lucy，一直對(duì)自然保護(hù)深感興趣，得知扎龍自然保護(hù)區(qū)正在招募志愿者，你非?？释尤?。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一封申請(qǐng)信，須包含以下要點(diǎn)：1.對(duì)扎龍自然保護(hù)區(qū)的了解位于中國(guó)東北黑龍江??；世界最主要的濕地之一；包括丹頂鶴在內(nèi)的一些珍稀鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)家園；2.自身優(yōu)勢(shì)性格外向；責(zé)任心強(qiáng)；良好的溝通能力；3.申請(qǐng)理由愿意數(shù)鳥(niǎo)并對(duì)其進(jìn)行描述；幫助人們了解濕地的重要性。參考詞匯：advantage優(yōu)點(diǎn)；outgoing性格外向的；haveastrongsenseofresponsibility責(zé)任心強(qiáng)；municatewith與……交流；要求：1.內(nèi)容須包含所有要點(diǎn)，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；2.條理清晰，語(yǔ)句通順，書(shū)寫(xiě)工整；3.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的人名和校名；4.字?jǐn)?shù):90字左右。DearSir/Madam,I’mLucy,aneighthgraderfromSunshineMiddleSchool.I’mwritingtoapplytobeavolunteeratZhalongNatureReserve.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IearnestlyhopeIcanbeaccepted.Yourssincerely,Lucy（2024·遼寧沈陽(yáng)·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）假定你是李華，暑假在倫敦學(xué)習(xí)，得知當(dāng)?shù)孛佬g(shù)館要舉辦中國(guó)畫(huà)展。請(qǐng)寫(xiě)一封信申請(qǐng)做志愿者，內(nèi)容包括：1.寫(xiě)信目的；2.個(gè)人優(yōu)勢(shì)；3.表達(dá)感激和希望注意：（1）詞數(shù)80~100，開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；（2）可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；（3）文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名及學(xué)校名稱(chēng)。DearSir/Madam.I’mLiHua,astudentstudyinginLondon.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua（2023·遼寧沈陽(yáng)·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）假如你是李華，在報(bào)紙上看到了有關(guān)廣州遭受臺(tái)風(fēng)襲擊的新聞報(bào)道后，為學(xué)校宣傳欄“英語(yǔ)天地”寫(xiě)一封倡議信。內(nèi)容包括：1.倡議的原因：2.倡議的內(nèi)容（籌款、指衣物、充當(dāng)志愿者等）；3.發(fā)出倡議。注意：1．詞數(shù)80100，開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；2．短文需包括所給內(nèi)容信息，可以適當(dāng)增加維節(jié)，以使行文連貫。3．在文中不要出現(xiàn)考生和相關(guān)人物的真實(shí)姓名和校名。Dearfellowstudents,Guangzhouwashitbyatyphoonon14August._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________