2021-2022學(xué)年山西省長(zhǎng)治某中學(xué)高一（下）第一次月考英語試卷（附答案詳解）

202L2022學(xué)年山西省長(zhǎng)治二中高一（下）第一次月考英

語試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

A

IcelandisEurope'swesternmostcountry,withtheworld'smostnortherlycapital

city.Reykjavik.Icelandhasapopulationofabout340,000,spreadingovermorethan100,

000squarekilometers.Despiteitssmallsize,therearemanyreasonstovisitthisamazing

countiy.

CityofCulture

Mostvisitors'firstdestinationisReykjavik,asmallandcleancityknownforitscolorfuland

stylishbuildings.Thecity'sdowntownareaislinedwithshops,ailgalleries,cafesand

bookstores.In2000,ReykjavikwasawardedthetitleofEurope'sCityofCulture.thankstoits

ailmuseumsfortrueartlovers.

HotSprings

Icelandhasanumberofhotspringsaround（heisland.Allareheatednaturallybyunderground

volcanic（火llI的）activity.Irfact.thisenergyisturnedintoelectricity,whichpowersandheats

people'shomesandbusinesses.Asaresultjcelandburnsverylittlefossilfuel（化石燃料），

sucha$oilandgas.Icelandhassomeofthecleanestairintheworld.

CavesandMonsters

InIceland,oneofthemostpopularoutdooractivitiestoenjoyiscaving.ExploringIceland's

speciallava（熔巖）cavesoricecavesischallengingandrequiresspecialclothesandhiking

tools.Thebest-knownicecavesareinVatnajokulI,which,at8,000squarekilometers,is

Europe'slargesticecave.OutsidethetownofReykjavikjhehugerockswereoncebelievedto

beinonsters.Thesearedramaticsceneryonamagnificentblack-sandbeach.

TheGoldenCircle

NotriptoIcelandwouldbecompletewithoutavisittotheGoldenCircle,whichconnects

GullfossjhehotspringsregionofGeysir,andThingvellirNationalPark.TheMid-AtlanticFault

thatrunsthroughIcelandisliterallypullingtheislandapart.Noplaceismoreobviousthan

ThingvellirVailey,wherethelandisactuallyseparatingandthestonygroundfrequently

changes.

1.WhatmadeReykjavikwinthenameofEurope'sCityofCulture?

A.Itstypicalartmuseums.B.Itscreativebuildings.

C.Itsspecialicecaving.D.Itsdramaticscenery.

2.WhatcontributestoIceland'scleanestairaccordingtothetext?

A.Itsgeographicalfeature.

B.Thelessneedfbrelectricity.

C.Plentyoffossilfuel.

D.Theuseofvolcanicenergy.

3.WhichpartoftheMid-AtlanticFaultcanbemosteasilyseen?

A.Gulltbss.B.Vatnajokull

C.Geysir.D.ThingvellirValley.

B

Mymother-in-lawleftusanunexpectedandpricelessgift.Aftershedied,myhusbandandhis

sisterweregoingthroughthecontentsofherhousewhentheydiscoveredeveryletterthatwe

hadwrittenherduringour46-yearmarriage.Shealsokeptallthelettersthatmymotherhad

writtentoherovertheyears.

During（hepandemic（大流行病）,I'vehadtimetogothroughtheseIcttcrs.Ireadofourearly

nianiedlife,ourstruggletohavechildrenand,especially,theprogressofourthreechildrenfrom

birthtoadulthood」beganwritingallthesedetailsformychildrer,andnowtheyliavedetails

aboutwhentheyweresmall.IdiscoveredmuchthatIhadforgotten.

Toreadtheletterswrittenbymymothertomyhusband'smotherisagift.IwishthatIhadsaved

mymother'sletterstome,but:io\vIhavetheselettersthattellmethingsaboutmyownmother

thatIneverknew.IseethatMomandMammasharedtheirgreatloveforusjheirchildren,and

forourchildren,theirgrandchldren.

Icomefromalonglineofletterwritersandwastrainedtostayintouchwithourparents.My

grandparentslovedtoreceivelettersfromacrosstheocean.WhenIwasawayonastudent

exchangein1970,mymothertoldmethatmygrandfatherkeptmyairmaillettersinhisshirt

pocketandreadthemdaily.Knowingthis,lhavetriedmybesttowritetoourtwofamilies

regularly.

Toallofyouwhowritetome,!thankyou.Thehandwrittenword.sapowerfultoolof

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friendship：itconnectsustogether.

Perhapsthegreatestgiftthattheselettershavegivenmeistoseehowmuchmyhusband's

parentsvaluedourletterstothem.Thelettershelpedherknowhergrandchildrenandfeellike

partofourlives.Ishallfilethemformychildrensothattheycanreadtheeventsofourlivesand

knowthatthey,too,weretreasured.

Keepwritingtothoseyoulove.Thoselettersareourgreatestgiftstoeachother.

4.Whatdidtheauthordoaftershereadtheletters?

A.Shehadatalkwithhermother.

B.Shepassedontheletterstoherchildren.

C.Sherequiredherchildrentowritelettersregularly.

D.Shewrotedowndetailsaboutherchildren'schildhood.

5.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?

A.Howtheauthorstayedintouchwithherparents.

B.Whathandwrittenlettersmeantotheauthor.

C.Whatinspiredtheauthortokeepwritingletters.

D.Howtheauthor'sgrandfatherinfluencedher.

6.Whatisthepowerofhardwrittenwordsaccordingtothearticle?

A.Theyhelpusmakenewfriends.

B.Theyallowustopracticewritingskills.

C.Theystrengthenemotionalexchanges.

D.Theyimproveourhands-onabilities.

7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.UnforgettablegiftsB.Parentslove

C.FamilylettersD.Handwrittenmemories

c

Imagineaworldwiihominsects.ltmightsoundgoodatfirstwithoutcrccpy-crawlybugs（爬

蟲）andannoyingfliesinycurapartment.However.lheconsequences（結(jié)果）wouldbe.

Thenumberofinsectshasdroppedbymorethanhalfinthepastdecades,accordingtoBritish

biologistDaveGoulson,authorofSilentEarth：AvertingtheInsectApocalypse（《寂靜地

球》）.Asinsectsmakeupmostoftheknownspeciesonthisplanct.thisdataisnotgood

news,TheGuardianreportedonJuly25,2021.

Insectsareindeedonthepathtoextinction,accordingtothefirstglobalscientificreviewof

insectpopulationreduction,whichwaspublishedinthejournalBiologicalConservationin

January2O19.Theresearcherssayintensiveagriculture（集約農(nóng)業(yè)）hasbeenthemaincause

ofthereduction.Pesticides（殺蟲劑）,inparticulandestroyinsecthabilats.Urbanization（城

鎮(zhèn)化）andclimatechangearealsoimportantfactors.

"Unlesswechangeourwaysofproducingfood.insectsasawholewillgodownthepathof

extinctioninafewdecades,"theresearcherswroteinthereview."Theeffectthiswillhaveon

theplanet'secosystemsarecatastrophic（毀滅性的）tosaytheleast."

WhatwouldhappentoEarthwilhoulinsects?It'salmostimpossibletopredict,bulthe

consequenceswouldbefar-reaching.Weneedinsectstopollinate（授粉）crops,recycleplant

andanimalmateriahkeepthesoilhealthyandmuchmore.Withoutinsects,manyanimalswould

havenothingtoeat.andthepredators（捕食者）ofthoseanimalswouldgohungryaswell.The

ecosystemwouldbethrownoffbalance.

"Ifinsectspecieslossescannotbestopped,thiswillhavecatastrophicconsequencesforboththe

planet'secosystemsandforthesurvivalofmankind,"saidFranciscoSanchez-Bayoatthe

UniversityofSydney,Australia,oneoftheauthorsofthereview.

Thefirststeptostoppingthisprocessis"togender（產(chǎn)生）asocietythatvaluesthenatural

world,bothforwhatitdoesforusandforitsownbenefit",Goulsonsuggests.Theobviousplace

tostartiswithourchildren,encouragingenvironmentalawarenessfromanearlyage."

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"disastrous"inparagraph1probablymean?

A.Highlyhelpful.B.Veryinteresting.

C.Extremelyterrible.D.Impossibletopredict.

9.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Problemswithintensveagriculture.

B.Causesofthedeclineintheinsectpopulation.

C.Factorscausinginsecthabitatloss.

D.Influenceofurbanizationoninsects.

10.WhyareinsectssoimportanttoEarth?

A.Theyhelpslowdownclimatechange.

B.Theyreducethenumberofpredators.

C.Theyhaveagreatimpactontheecosystem.

D.Theykeepthesoildryandhealthy.

11.WhatdoesGoulsonbelieveiskeytopreventinginsectspecieslosses?

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A.Exploringthenaturalworldoften.

B.Providinginsectswithenoughfood.

C.Takingchildrentowatchinsectsclosely.

D.Raisingpublicawarenessofnaturalprotection.

D

Haveyoueverhadsuchanexperience?WhenchattingonWcChat.yousentsomeoneavoice

messagewhereyouthoughtyourvoicewasclearandmoving.butwhenyouheardyourown

recordedvoice,youcouldn'thelpwondering：Isthisreallymyvoice?Whyisitsougly?

It'snotyourfault.Thcsoundfromanaudio（聲音的）recordingistransmitteddifferentlyto

yourbrainthanthesoundcreatedwhenyouspeak.

Whenlisteningtoarecordingofyourvoicejhesoundtravelthroughtheairandinto

cars--what'sreferredtoas"airconduction（傳導(dǎo)）”.Thesoundenergyvibrates（使顫動(dòng)）the

eardrumandsmallearbones.Thesebonesthentransmitthesoundvibrationstothecochlea

（耳蝸）,whichencouragesnerveaxons（神經(jīng)軸突）thatsendthsauditorysignal（othebrain.

However,whenyouspeakjhesoundfromyourvoicereachestheinnerearinadifferent

way.Whilesomeofihesoundistransmittedthroughairconduction,muchofthesoundis

internally（內(nèi)部）conducteddirectlythroughyourskullbones.Whenyouhearyourownvoice

whenyouspeak,it'sduetoair.ixlureofbothexternalandintemalconduction,andinternalbone

conductionappearstoincreasethelowerfrequencies.

Forthisreason,peoplegenerallynoticetheirvoiceasdeeperandricherwhentheyspeak.The

recordedvoice,incomparisoncansoundthinnerandhigher-pitched（聲調(diào)高的），whichmany

findembarrassing.Dr.SilkePauiniann,apsychologistattheUniversityofEssex,says,"Thefact

thatwesoundmorehigh-pitchedthanwhatwethinkweshouldleadsustoembarrassmentasit

doesn'tmeetourinternalexpectations：ourvoiceplaysavitalroleinformingouridentityand

Iguessnoonelikestorealizethatyou'renotreallywhoyouthinkyou.

12.Howdopeopleusuallyfeelwhenhearingtheirownrecordedvoice?

A.UnclearR.TouchingC.WonderfulD.Unpleasant

13.Whatcausestherecordedsounddifferentfromthesoundcreatedwhenyouspeak?

A.ThewayitspreadsB.Theairittravelsthrough

C.ThepitchitpnxiucesD.Thefrequencyitvibrates

14.Whydopeoplealwaysthinkoftheirvoiceasdeeperandricherwhentheyspeak?

A.Airconductionhelpstotransmitthesound.

B.Theauditoiysignalissentmoredirectlytothebrains.

C.Internalconductionlowersthefrequenciesofvibration.

D.Bothexternalandinternalconductionstrengthentheeffect.

15.Whatmessagedoestheauthortrytoshowinthelastparagniph?

A.Voicecanbedifferentindifferentsituations.

B.Voicecanmakeadifferenceinshapingaperson'sidentity.

C.Itisn'tembarrassingwhenone'svoiceisthinandhigh-pitched.

D.Itisn'timportantwhetherone'svoicemeetshisinternalexpectations.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)

Asforcheating,mostkidscomeupwithmanyreasonswhytheyhavetocheat.Mostofthem

thinkitnothingserious.(1).Itcanmakebigtroublefbryounotjustinschool.butalsowithyour

family,friends,and,sometimesmostimportantly,yourself.

Cheatingcangetyouintoserious(rouble.

(2).Punishmentscanbeserious.startingwithzeroonthetest,andgoingallthewayuptogetting

kickedoutofschool.Ifyoucheattogetabettergrade,you'reriskinggettingamuchworsegrade

nexttime.

(3).

You'veprobablyheardanoldsaying"Whenyoucheat,you'rereallycheatingyourself."Itisnot

fairtoyourselftocheat.Schoclcanhelpmakeyouabetterperson.Ifyouneverreallylearn

thesethingsbecauseyou'recheatingjhenallyou'regoingtolearnishowtocheat!

Cheatingisunfairtoyourfriends.

(4)You'reobeyingtherules.andthensomeonedoesbetter(hanyoubybreakingtherules.What

doyouthinkofthat?So,whenyoucheatinschooltogetbettergrades,it'sunfairtothekids

whoactuallystudyanddothework.

Yousee.cheatingwillbringusalotoftrouble.Cheatingisthesameaslying.(5).Andeven

worse,itwillleadtomorecheating.Soareyoustillproudofyourcheatingagain?

A.Cheatingisunfairtoyourself.

B.Cheatingispartoftesting.

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C.Butinfact,cheatingisabigdeal.

D.Itwillresultinstudents'distrustingeachother.

E.Eveiyschoolhasadifferentwaytodealwithcheating.

F.That'sbecausemostofusdon'tthinkveryhighlyofsomeonewholies.

G.It'simportanttoobeyinlesingamesandsports,andthatgoesforschool,too.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

完形填空（本大題共20小題，共30.0分）

I'vecometotheconclusionthatI'mrubbishatsaying"NO”.ForexamplejastSundayIwas

sittingatmydeskalone.totallv(2l)inmyownbusiness,whenaworkmateofminephonedand

askedmetogetinvolved(參與的)in(22)withher.Ifoundmyselfgettingallcaughtupinher

enthusiasm(熱情)anddidn'twantto(23)her.SoIsaid"Sure,whynot?"andbeforethecall

had(24),Ifoundmyselfagreeingwithoutgivingany(25)whetheritwasworthdoing.

Wearebothwindow-shoppersand(26)awholedayinthestreet.Actually.Ihardlyhaveanytime

tosparebecauseIamverybu->y(27)mynormaljob-I'vealsogotabooktowrite,abusiness

to(28)andafamilytolookafter.Andthentherearemyotherprojectsto(29)-myvoluntary

workandacoupleofotherinterestinginvestments(投資)thatIwantto(30).I'mgoingtohave

tobemoreheartlessandnotjustagreeto(31)pcopleaskmetogetinvolvedin.Inother

words,I'mgoingtohavetoget(32)atsaying"NO".UsuallyIhatesaying"NO",becausehaving

todisappointsomeoneusuall\(33)me.NowIrealize(34)Ihaven'tlearnedtosay"NO".I'vebeen

feelingvery(35).

Wehadbetterdowhatwethinkisrightandwhatweare(36)todo.Sometimesitdoesnotseem

thatbadto(37)othcrs.IfIfocusonthethings1(38)wanttobeinvolvedin.I'Ilreachamuch

higherstandardanddoitquite(39).I'llbeenthusiasticandactiveanddosomethingthatisgood

foreveryoneandeveryonewillbehappy.Il'llbeawin-win(40).What'snotgoodaboutthat?

Sosometimes,wehavetosay"NO".

21.A.experiencedB.buriedC.concernedD.disappointed

22.A.readingB.discussionC.shoppingD.travelling

23.A.displeaseB.forceC.supportD.shock

24.A.explainedB.announcedC.developedD.ended

25.A.thoughtB.suggestionC.ideaD.question

26.A.lostB.keptC.enjoyedD.wasted

27.A.becauseofB.ratherthan

C.inadditiontoD.insteadof

28.A.visitB.runC.stickD.invent

29.A.considerB.fetchC.catchD.enlarge

30.A.takeinB.workonC.turnoutD.makeup

31.A.somethingB.noneC.everythingD.either

32.A.furtherB.coolerC.fasterD.better

33.A.attractsB.beatsC.upsetsD.puzzles

34.A.afterB.becauseC.ifD.although

35.A.impressedB.anxiousC.pitifulD.upset

36.A.likelyB.afraidC.willingD.proud

37.A.joinB.refuseC.inviteD.choose

38.A.highlyB.hardlyC.suddenlyD.really

39.A.patientlyB.wellC.seriouslyD.accidentally

40.A.situationB.environmentC.appearanceD.spirit

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

41.ChinabeatsSouthKoreatowinWomen'sAsianCup

ChinacamefromtwogoalsdowntodefeatSouthKorea3-2onSundayandwonthe

Women'sAsianCupforarecordthe⑴(nine)time.

Justfivedaysafterthemen'steam(2)(knock)outfromqualifying(取得資格)for

the2022WorldCup.alast-minutegoalfromXiaoYuyicompletedadramaticcomeback

forChinainNaviMumbai,India.

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"Athalf-timeItoldtheplayersnot(3)(give)upasanythingcanhappenin45minutes,"

saidChinacoachShuiQingxia,(4)wonthetitlefivetimesasaplayer."Weare(5)

(delight)towinthetitleandwearegoing(6)therightdirectiontactically(戰(zhàn)略上),

technicallyandpsychologically."

"Though⑺(play)wellinthefirsthalf,wehavetoreflectonwhathappenedinthe

second,"saidKorea'sfirstgoalscorerChoe."Wedidshowthatwehaveprogressedasa

teamandhavetokeep⑻(move)forwardinthefuture."

ThetournamentalsoactsasAsia'squalifyingroundforthe2023WorldCup.BothKorea

andChinahavesecuredtheirplacesinthe(9)(compete)co-hostedbyAustraliaand

NewZealandalongwithsemifinalistsJapanand,fbr(10)firsttime,thePhilippines.

VietnamtookthefifthWorldCupspotafterdefeatingTaiwanandThailandina

round-robinplayoff.

(I)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

五、短文改錯(cuò)(本大題共1小題，共10.0分)

42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文

中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪

除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(A),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后H勺詞。

注意：

1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞：

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

YesterdayIwenttoseeafilmcall"TheBattleatLakeChangjin'Mttellsthestorytothe

ChinesePeople'sVolunteerArmytakingapartinthewartohelpKoreafightagainstthe

U.S.aggression（侵略）,ThefilmwasagreatsuccessfulintheNationalHolidayperiod.In

ihemovie.theChinesearmymenfbughlbravebelow-40℃inakeybattlearoundLake

Changjin.ltwasnotthefilmitselfthatmovedpeople,andtheheroesofthewaryearswhen

foughtforourcountry.Theheroesneverconsideredthemownsafety.Sinceitwas

shown,ihetotalboxoffice（票房）reachedthetopofChina'sboxoffice.Iamlooking

forwardtoseeingmorev/onderfulfilminthefuture.

六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）

43.假如你是學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，為了喚起全校學(xué)生的環(huán)保意浜，現(xiàn)發(fā)出全員環(huán)保倡議。

請(qǐng)根據(jù)圖示內(nèi)容及以下要點(diǎn)，寫一份倡議書。

要點(diǎn)：

(1)保護(hù)環(huán)境是我們中學(xué)生的職責(zé)：

(2)保護(hù)環(huán)境的具體措施；

(3)讓我們都為地球母親盡一份力。

注意：

(1)詞數(shù)100左右；

(2)可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

(3)開頭與結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

第1()貞，共22頁

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、D、D

【解析】(DA.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)析tyofCullure部分最后一句"In2000,Reykjavikwas

awardedthetitleofEurope'sCityofCulturc.thanks(oitsartmuseumsfortrueartlovers.(2000

年，雷克雅未克因其面向真正藝術(shù)愛好者的藝術(shù)博物館而被授予歐洲文化之城的稱號(hào))

”叮知，雷克雅未克因?yàn)樗堑湫偷拿g(shù)博物館贏得了歐洲義化之城的稱號(hào)。故選A項(xiàng)。

(2)D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HotSprings部分"Icelandhasanumberofhotspringsaroundthe

island.Allareheatednaturallybyundergroundvolcanicactivity.Infact,thisenergyisturned

intoelectricity,whichpowersandheatspeople'shomesandbusinesses.Asaresult,Iceland

bumsverylittlefossilfuel,suchasoilandgas.Icelandhassomeofthecleanestairintheworld.

(冰島島周圍有許多溫泉。所有這些都是由地下火山活動(dòng)自然加熱的。事實(shí)上，這種能

源被轉(zhuǎn)化為電力，為人們的家庭和企業(yè)提供動(dòng)力和熱量。因此，冰島幾乎不燃燒石油和

天然氣等化石燃料。冰島擁有世界上最清潔的空氣)"可知，冰島由于火山能源的使用

才擁有世界上最清潔的空氣。故選D項(xiàng)。

(3)D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)TheGoldenCircle部分"TheMid-AtlanticFaultthatrunsthrough

Icelandisliterallypullingtheislandapart.NoplaceismoreobviousthanThingvellir

VaiIcy,wherethelandisactuallyseparatingandthestonygroundfrequentlychanges.(貫冰

島的大西洋中部斷層實(shí)際上正在將該島拉開。沒有什么地方匕Thingvellir山谷更明顯了,

那里的土地實(shí)際上是分離的，石頭地面經(jīng)常變化)"可知，大西洋中部斷層的Thingvellir

Valley最容易被看見。故選D項(xiàng)。

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了冰島這個(gè)神奇的國(guó)家為什么值得人們參觀。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找

出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有

據(jù)。

4~7.【答案】D、C、C、D

［解析］(1)D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中"Ibeganwritingallthesedetailsformy

childrcn.andnowtheyhavedetailsaboutwhentheyweresmall.1我開始為我的孩子們寫這

些細(xì)節(jié)，現(xiàn)在他們知道了他們小時(shí)候的細(xì)節(jié)。）“可知，作者讀完信后把孩子們童年的

細(xì)節(jié)寫了下來。故選D。

（2）C.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容"Icomefromalonglineofletlerwritersandwastrained

tostayintouchwithourparents.Mygrandparentslovedtoreceivelettersfromacrossthe

ocean.When1wasawayonastudentexchangein1970,mymothertoldmethatmygrandfather

keptmyairmaillettersinhisshirtpocketandreadthemdaily.Knowingthis.lhavetriedmybest

towritetoourtwofamiliesregularly.（我出身于一個(gè)經(jīng)常寫信的家庭，并被訓(xùn)練要與父母

保持聯(lián)系。我的祖父母喜歡收到來自大洋彼岸的信件。1970年，當(dāng)我去作為交換學(xué)生

的時(shí)候，我母親告訴我，我的祖父把我的航空信放在他的襯衫口袋里，每天都看。知道

這一點(diǎn)。我盡我最大的努力定期給我們兩個(gè)家庭寫信。）"可知，本段主要講述是什么

鼓舞作者一直寫信。故選C。

（3）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中"Thehandwrittenwordisapowerfult（x）lof

friendship：itconneclsuslog&her.（手寫文字是友誼的有力工具；它把我們聯(lián)系在一起。）

"可知，手寫文字的力量加強(qiáng)了情感聯(lián)系。故選C。

（4）D.標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，結(jié)合最后一段"Keepwritingtc，thoseyoulove.Thoseletters

areourgreatestgiftstoeachother.（繼續(xù)給你愛的人寫信。那些信是我們給彼此最好的禮

物?！怠笨芍疚闹饕v述作者在婆婆去世后發(fā)現(xiàn)了很多自己和丈夫?qū)懡o波婆的信，

讀著這些信作者回憶起很多生活的細(xì)節(jié)，作者認(rèn)為手寫的文字可以加強(qiáng)情感聯(lián)系，是給

彼此最好的禮物。所以D項(xiàng)”手寫的記憶”適合作為文章標(biāo)題,故選D。

這是一篇記敘文，作者在婆婆去世后發(fā)現(xiàn)了很多自己和丈夫?qū)懡o婆婆的信，讀著這些信

作者回憶起很多生活的細(xì)節(jié)，作者認(rèn)為手寫的文字可以加強(qiáng)情感聯(lián)系，是給彼此最好的

禮物。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯

關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章

未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌傧纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息、，準(zhǔn)確把握作

者觀點(diǎn)。

8?11.【答案】C、B、C、D

【解析】（1）C.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段

Withoutinsects,manyanimalswouldhavenothingtoeat,andthepredators（捕食

者）ofthoseanimalswouldgohungryaswell.Theecosystemwouldbethrownoffbalance.

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如果沒有昆蟲，許多動(dòng)物將沒有食物，這些動(dòng)物的捕食者也會(huì)挨餓。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)將失去平

衡?？芍绻澜缟蠜]有昆蟲，后果將是災(zāi)難性的。由此可知,"disastrous"意為"非

常嚴(yán)重的"。結(jié)合選項(xiàng):A.Highlyhelpful非常有幫助的;B.Very的eresling非常有趣的;

C.Extremelytenible非常可怕的；D.Impossibletopredict無法預(yù)測(cè)的。故選C。

（2）B.段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的Theresearcherssayintensiveagricullure（集約農(nóng)

業(yè)）hasbeenthemaincauseofthereduction.Pesticides（殺蟲劑），

inparticular.destroyinsecthabitats.Urbanization（城鎮(zhèn)

化）andclimatechangearealsoimportantfaclors.研究人員說，密集的農(nóng)業(yè)一直是昆蟲數(shù)

量下降的主要原因。尤其是殺蟲劑會(huì)破壞昆蟲的棲息地。城市化和氣候變化也是重:要因

素?？芍径蝺?nèi)容主要介紹的是導(dǎo)致昆蟲數(shù)量下降的原因，例如密集的農(nóng)業(yè)、殺蟲劑

的使用、城市化和氣候變化等，由此可知，第三段的主要內(nèi)容是導(dǎo)致昆蟲數(shù)量下降的原

因。故選B。

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的Weneedinsectstopollinate（授

粉）crops,recycleplantandanimalmaterial.keepthesoilhealthyandmuchmore.Withoutin

sects.manyanimalswouldhavenothingtoeat,andthepredators（捕食

者）ofthoseanimalswouldgohungryaswell.Theecosystemwouldbethrownoffbalance.

我們需要昆蟲為作物授粉，回收動(dòng)植物材料，保持土壤健康等等。如果沒有昆蟲，許多

動(dòng)物將沒有東西吃，這些動(dòng)物的捕食者也會(huì)挨餓。生態(tài)系統(tǒng)將失去平衡?？芍?，昆蟲對(duì)

生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡至關(guān)重要，因?yàn)槲覀冃枰ハx為作物授粉，回收動(dòng)植物材料，保持土壤

健康等等。如果沒有昆蟲，許多動(dòng)物將沒有東西吃，這些動(dòng)物的捕食者也會(huì)挨餓。由此

可知，昆蟲對(duì)地球如此重.要是因?yàn)樗鼈儗?duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)有很大的影響“故選Cv

（4）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Thefirststeptostoppingthisprocessis"togender

（產(chǎn)

41）asocietythatvaluesthenaturalworld,bothforwhatitdoesforusandforitsownbenefi

Goulsonsuggests.Theobviousplacetostartiswithourchildren,encouragingenvironmentala

warenessfromanearlyage."古爾森建議，阻止這一過程的第一步是"建立一個(gè).重視自然世

界的社會(huì)，無論是為了我們做什么，還是為了它自身的利益"。顯而易見，我們應(yīng)該從

我們的孩子開始，從小就鼓勵(lì)環(huán)保意識(shí)。”可知，Goulson認(rèn)為阻止昆蟲物種損失的關(guān)鍵

是建立一個(gè)重視自然世界的社會(huì)，提高公眾對(duì)自然保護(hù)的認(rèn)識(shí)，這一點(diǎn)需要從我們的孩

子開始，從小就培養(yǎng)他們的環(huán)保意識(shí)。由此可知，Goulson認(rèn)為阻止昆蟲物種損失的關(guān)

健是提高公眾對(duì)自然保護(hù)的認(rèn)識(shí)。故選D。

這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了昆蟲數(shù)量日益減少的現(xiàn)象及這個(gè)現(xiàn)象帶來的危害。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀?遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找

出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。

12~15.【答案】D、A、C、B

［解析［（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。限據(jù)第一-段中"bulwhenyouheardyourownrecordedvoice,you

couldn'thelpwondering：Isthisreallymyvoice?Whyisitsougly?（但當(dāng)你聽到自己錄

制的聲音時(shí)，你會(huì)忍不住想：這真的是我的聲音嗎？它為什么這么難聽？）"可知，當(dāng)

聽到自己的錄音時(shí)人們常常覺得令人不悅。A.Unclear"不清楚”；B.Touching"感到的”；

CWonderful”精彩的”:D.Unpleasant”令人不快的故選D。

（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容"Il'snotyourfault.Thesoundfromanaudiorecording

istransmitteddifferentlytoyourbrainthanthesoundcreatedwhenyouspeak.（這不是你的

錯(cuò)。從錄音中發(fā)出的聲音與你說話時(shí)發(fā)出的聲音傳到大腦的方式不同。）"可知，錄音

與說話時(shí)發(fā)出的聲音不同是因?yàn)槁曇魝鬟f到大腦的方式不同。故選Ao

（3）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解麴j。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中"Whenyouhearyourownvoicewhenyouspeak.its

duetoamixtureofbothexternalandinternalconduction,andinternalboneconductionappears

toincreasethelowerfrequencies.（當(dāng)你說話時(shí)聽到自己的聲音，這是由于外部和內(nèi)部傳

導(dǎo)的混合，內(nèi)部骨傳導(dǎo)似乎酒加「低頻。）"及最后一段中"Forthisreason.peoplegenerally

noticetheirvoiceasdeeperandricherwhentheyspeak.（因此，人們?cè)谡f話時(shí)通常會(huì)注意

到自己的聲音更低沉、更+?滿。）"可知，人們總是認(rèn)為自己說話的聲音低沉而+?湖是

因?yàn)閮?nèi)部傳導(dǎo)降低振動(dòng)的頻率。故選C。

（4）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中"Dr.SilkePaulmann,apsychologistattheUniversityof

Essex,says,'Thefactthatwesoundmorehigh-pitchedthanwhatwethinkweshouldleadsusto

embarrassmentasitdoesn'tmeetourinternalexpectations：ourvoiceplaysavitalrolein

formingouridentityandIguessnoonelikestorealizethatyou'renotreallywhoyouthink

you.'（SilkePaulmann博士,埃塞克斯大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家，說：我們聽起來比我們認(rèn)為的

聲音更高，這讓我們尷尬，因?yàn)樗环衔覀儍?nèi)部期望：我們的聲音在形成我們的身份

方面起著至關(guān)重要的作用，我想沒有人喜歡意識(shí)到，你不是你認(rèn)為的那樣?！?可知，

最后一段想要表明聲音在塑造一個(gè)人的身份方面起著重要作用。故選Bo

這是一篇說明文，文章主要說明了為什么人們?cè)阡浺糁新牭阶约旱穆曇粲X得很難聽的現(xiàn)

象，解釋了這背后是因?yàn)槁曇魝鬟f到大腦的方式不同。

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閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求