2024北京海淀區(qū)高二（下）期末英語(yǔ)試題和答案

試題PAGE1試題2024北京海淀高二（下）期末英語(yǔ)2024.07本試卷共8頁(yè)，共四大部分，57道小題，滿分100分。考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘。試題答案一律填涂或書(shū)寫(xiě)在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。第一部分：聽(tīng)力理解（共三節(jié)，18分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；每小題1分，共4分）聽(tīng)下面4段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你將有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話你將聽(tīng)一遍。1.Whenwillthespeakershavethemeeting?A.At9o’clock.B.At11o’clock.C.At12o’clock.2.Whatservicedoesthemanrequest?A.Roomservice.B.Awake-upcall.C.Checkingout.3.Whichtypeofmoviesdoesthewomanprefer?A.Thrillers.B.Romances.C.Documentaries.4.Whatisthemandoing?A.Checkingtheflightnumber.B.Lookingfortheboardinggate.C.Askingaboutairportfacilities.第二節(jié)（共8小題；每小題1分，共8分）聽(tīng)下面4段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀每小題。聽(tīng)完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白你將聽(tīng)兩遍。聽(tīng)第5段材料，回答第5至6小題。5.Whatactivitywillthetwospeakersjoinin?A.Sportsgames.B.Musicfestivals.C.Cookingcompetitions.6.Wherecanthespeakersgettheform?A.Inthelibrary.B.Intheheadteacher’soffice.C.Inthemusichall.聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第7至8小題。7.Whatmakesthemanfeeldownlately?A.Failingtheexams.B.Losingconfidence.C.Performingbadlyinthedrama.8.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Payattentiontooutcomes.B.Practisetobeperfect.C.Focusontheprogress.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第9至10小題。9.Whatisthemandoing?A.Makingacomplaint.B.Cancelingatour.C.Seekingforadvice.10.Whatwillthemanprobablydecidetodo?A.Takeahikingtrip.B.Rideinahotairballoon.C.Coonamountainbikingtour.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至12小題。11.WhatistheaimoftheTechFestival?A.Toguidestudentstoapplytechnologytoreallife.B.Tohelpstudentskeepupwiththelatestinnovation.C.Toshowstudents’technologicaltalentsandcreativity.12.Whatcanstudentsdointhecodingcompetition?A.Judgeothers’creation.B.Developanapplication.C.Reportreal-lifeproblems.第三節(jié)（共4小題；每小題1.5分，共6分）聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，完成第13至16四道小題，每小題僅填寫(xiě)一個(gè)詞。聽(tīng)獨(dú)白前，你將有20秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀試題，聽(tīng)完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。這段獨(dú)白你將聽(tīng)兩遍。TipsonHowtoPlanaPartySetupaboardgamestable■13atablewhereyoucanlayoutallofyourboardgames■OfferavarietyofgamesSetupaDIY14booth■Usealargepieceofpaperor15asabackground■Addabannerthathasthenameofthegraduate’sschoolandtheyearGiveagraduationpartytoast■Speaktothe16strengthsandaccomplishments■Useafavoritequote第二部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，25分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1分，共10分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Whenmostteenagershisagearepreparingforcompetitiveexamsortrainingtobeathletes,HenryBurner,strugglingwithdyslexia(閱讀障礙),decidedtocharthisownrouteforsuccess.Attheageof10,hisclass____1____atradingpost,wherestudentswouldsellandbuygoodswithheads.Hismomsuggestedmakingcupcakes,butBurnerrefused.“Mom,thebakedgoodsmarketisgoingtobetotallyoversaturated(過(guò)度飽和的).Fewstudentsmakethingsthatlastlong.Weneedtomakesomething____2____.”Sohepulledouthismom’soldbuttonmachineandmadebuttons.WhenBurnerendedupwiththemostbendsatthetradingpost,hefeltforthefirsttimethathewasreallysuccessful.Arrivinghome,Burneraskedhismom.“CanImakeitarealbusiness?”Thatwasthe____3____ofButtonsmith,aretailcompanywhichnowhasover10,000productsavailable.Alongwithhisregularschooling,Burnerplayedalargeroleinthecompany’sstrategicdecisionmakingand____4____hisbreaksandweekendsworkingonthecompany.Buttonsmithstartedfromthefarmer’smarketbeforegoingonlineand____5____,developingitsownwebsite.Aftergoingonline,Buttonsmith’ssalesshowedasignificantupwardgraphandreachedmillionsofpeople,andthatwasa(n)____6____point.Sincethenhehasgreatly____7____productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproductsthatallowpeopletoexpresswhotheyaretotheworld.Startingwithbuttons,thecompanyhasdiversifieditsproduct____8____andcurrentlyprovidesdogcollars,leashes,businesscards,banners,etc.Tostayaheadofcompetitors,BurnerhasoptimizedButtonsmithtohavecustomproductsmadewithinminutesoftheorderbeing____9____andmakessuretheproductsareinthecustomers’handswithintwodays.Aftercreatinganimpressiveretailcompanyathome,Buttonsmithisstrategizingtospreadits____10____toothercountries.“Ilovebeinganentrepreneur.”concludedBurner.1.A.ran B.spotted C.decorated D.swept2.A.stable B.portable C.durable D.flexible3.A.mission B.initiation C.advantage D.performance4.A.killed B.delayed C.balanced D.invested5.A.eventually B.hesitantly C.frequently D.accidentally6.A.regular B.temporary C.crucial D.urgent7.A.slid B.poured C.packed D.expanded8.A.costs B.sizes C.offerings D.suppliers9.A.shipped B.placed C.deleted D.tracked10.A.roots B.wishes C.taste D.research第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分.共15分）A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給出提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。GiantpandaFuBaoarrivedinChengdu,SichuanProvinceonApril3rd,2024afterlivinginSouthKoreaforover3years.Largescreenswerelitup____11____(welcome)FuBaohome.Theselargescreenadvertisements____12____(purchase)bydozensoffans.FuBaoisthefirstgiantpandaborninSouthKoreaandasuccessfulcaseofoverseasbreeding.Sincethe1990s,China____13____(conduct)giantpandaconservationcooperationandresearchwithinstitutionsinothercountries.Currently,therearealocalof49giantpandasabroad.B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給出提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Around90%ofroadaccidentsarecausedbyhumanerrors,andself-drivingcarswithAIaimtosolvetheproblem.____14____theycandoisnokeepvehiclehardwarehealthybydrivingstrategicallyandsafely.Inthisway,trafficviolationsandfinescanbeavoided,____15____canhelpsavecosts.Driversalsobenefitfromthe____16____(integrate)ofAItechnologyduringlongtripsastheycanrestwhilethecar’ssystemtakescareofdriving.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給出提示詞的空白處僅填寫(xiě)1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Assummervacationapproaches,studytoursofprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentshavebecomepopular.____17____(absorb)inacademicstudiesatschool,studentsareleftwithlittleroomforactivitiessuchaspracticallabororhands-onexperience.Duringthestudytours,theycome____18____groupstomajorattractions,museumsandfarmstolearnwhilesightseeing.Educationaltripsofferstudentsprecious____19____(opportunity)tobecomemoreindependent.By____20____(engage)inindependentlivingandproblemsolvingwithpeers,studentscanlearntonavigatereal-lifesituations.第三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共11小題；每小題2分，共22分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhenfacingthetaskofdecidingyourmajor,youshouldrememberthatthedecisionyoumakedoesn’tmeanyouareonlydestinedforonepath.QUESTIONSTOASKYOURSELFASYOUMAKEYOURDECISION●DoIhaveacareerinmind?Althoughyourmajordoesnotnecessarilydictateyourcareer,somejobsdorequireacertainfieldofstudy.Ifyouhaveyourfuturecareerinmind,doyourresearchandfindouttheeducationrequirements.Ifyouareatalosswithwhatyouwanttodo,goaheadandresearchdifferentcareerfields.Acertainjobmightpiqueyourinterest,andthatcouldpromptyoutopickacertainmajor.●Howmuchdoesmoneymatter?Somemajorsdohavehigherpotentialearningsthanothers.Ifearningalotofmoneyisaprimarygoalforyou,searchformajorsthatpayoffwell.FeelfreetoreachouttotheCareerCenterformoreinformationonhigher-earningmajorsandcareers.●WhatdoIlovetodo?Ifyoulovewhatyoustudy,youwillbemorelikelytopayfullattentiontoyourclasses.whichwillprobablyleadtobettergradesandvaluableconnectionsinthefield.Alsoyouwillfindyourcollegeyearsmorefulfillingifyoucultivateyourpassion!TIPSFORDISCOVERINGWHATINTERESTSYOU●Exploredifferentcourses!Don’ttakerandomfreeelectivesjusttomeetthecreditrequirementforgraduation.Exploredifferentsubjects!Bybranchingoutofwhatyouknow,youmaydiscoveranunexpectedaptitudeforsportmanagement,orrealizethatyoulovepsychology!Maybeanelectivecoursecouldleadyoutoyourmajor.●MeetwithaCDCstaffmember!YourCareerDevelopmentCenter(CDC)iseagertohelpyou!MeetwithapeerCareerAmbassadortotalkaboutyourcareergoalsandtheoptionsforyou.Alsoconsiderschedulinganappointmentwithaprofessionalstaffmembertodiscusspotentialcareerpaths,internships(實(shí)習(xí)),andmore!●UtilizetheCDC’sonlineresources!CDCoffersmanyonlineresourcesforself-assessmentandcareersearch.Wemakerecommendationsformajorsandcareersbasedonyouranswers!Seepage6formoredetailsofwhatwehavetooffer!21.Ifyoudon’tknowwhattochooseasyourfuturecareer,youneedto______.A.cultivatearelatedhobby B.aimforwell-paidjobsC.considertheeducationrequirements D.investigatedifferentfields22.Accordingtothepassage,CDCcould______.A.givemajor-relatedadvice B.establishinternshipprogrammesC.defineyourfuturecareergoals D.selectanelectivecourseforyou23.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Aresearchpaper. B.Acommercialpost.C.Acollegebrochure. D.Arecruitmentnotice.BFoodpackagingfromaroundtheworldcontainsatleast68“foreverchemicals”thatcanseepintowhatweeat.anewstudyfinds.And61ofthemarenotevensupposedtobeusedinsuchproducts.“It’snotclearwhythelatterchemicals,whicharenotonlistsofthoseauthorizedforuseinfoodcontainers,areinsuchpackaging.”saysthestudy’sauthorBirgitGeueke.Thestudyfocusedonaclassofchemicalscalledperfluoroalkylandpolyfluoronlkylsubstances(PFASs),whicharesometimescalled“foreverchemicals”becausetheydon’tbreakdownreadilyintheenvironmentorinthebody.That’sbecausetheircharacteristiccarbon-fluorinebondisoneofthestrongestinnature.Fordecades,thesesubstanceshavebeenusedinawiderangeofconsumerproducts,fromcookwaretopesticidestocosmetics,becausetheyareproofagainstwaterandgrease.GeuekeandherteamfoundamismatchbetweenwhattheydetectedinactualproductsandadatabaseofPFASchemicalsauthorizedforuseinfoodpackaging.About140PFASsareknowntobeusedinfoodpackaging,butonlysevenofthe68chemicalsinthestudywereonthislist.Geuekesaysit’sunclearhoworwhytheother61chemicalsturnedup.DavidAndrews,achemistandtoxicologistatanonprofitenvironmentaladvocacyorganization,suggestsit’spossiblethatunknownimpuritiesemergedduringthemanufacturingoftheauthorizedchemicalsorthattheauthorizedPFASsdegradeovertime.Thisclassofchemicalsincludesmanylong-chainmolecules,andtheycanbreakintoshorterchainsthataresimplydifferenttypesofPFASs.PFASshavebeenfoundinhumanbloodandbreastmilk,drinkingwater,soilandotherstartlingplacesaroundtheworld.ExposuretosomeofthemoststudiedPFASshasbeenassociatedwithcancer.reproductiveproblemsandlessenedresponsestovaccines.“There’sanincrediblebodyofscientificevidencelinkingPFASchemicalstohealthharm,”saysAndrews.ManycountriesareevaluatingrestrictionsofPFASsinfoodpackaging.ChemicalindustryrepresentativeshaveadvocatedfordealingwithPFASsasindividualchemicals.Beforepublishingthenewstudy.ScientificAmericanreachedouttotheAmericanChemistryCouncil(ACC),achemistryindustrytradeassociation,aboutit,buttheorganizationdidnotreply.OnitsdedicatedPFASwebpage.ACCnotesthat“allPFASsarenotthesame.Eachindividualchemicalhasitsownuniquepropertiesanduses.”AndrewsandGeuekebothsaythepresenceofunknownPFASsinfoodpackagingisgoodreasontoregulatethesechemicalsasasingleclass—apositionsharedwithmanyotherscientificexpertsandenvironmentalprotectiongroups.Therearemorethan12,000knownPFASs,andscientistsdon’tknowmuchaboutmostofthem.“OnlysomePFASshaveeverbeentestedfortoxicity,”Geuekesays,and“thereareprobablyotherwaystoproducefoodpackaging.”24.WhatcanwelearnaboutPFASsfromthepassage?A.Theyareabletoresistwaterandgrease. B.Theylastlongandneverbreakdown.C.Theycontainthelongestchemicalbond. D.Theyaremainlyusedforfoodpackaging.25.Paragraph3ismainlyabout______.A.thepotentialusageoftheunknownimpuritiesB.theauthorizationoffoodpackagingchemicalsC.thelikelytransformingprocessfromPFASsintonewchemicalsD.thepossibleexplanationforthepresenceofunauthorizedPFASs26.ThewordsonthewebpageinParagraph5mayshowthatACC______.A.hasworkedoutwaystousePFASssafelyindifferentproductsB.agreeswithchemicalindustryrepresentativesregardingPFASsC.hasgottheauthoritativepowerindealingwithPFASsD.supportstestingmoreunknownPFASsfortoxicity27.WhichwouldGeuekeprobablyagreewith?A.LawsshouldbemadetobantheuseofPFASs.B.Foodpackagingalternativesshouldbeexplored.C.Thechemicalsinfoodpackagingshouldbelisted.D.ScientistsshouldcontinuediscoveringnewPFASs.CAthemeatthisyear’sWorldEconomicForum(WEF)meetingwastheperceivedneedto“acceleratebreakthroughsinresearchandtechnology”.Someofthisframingwasmotivatedbytheclimateemergency,somebytheopportunitiesandchallengespresentedbygenerativeartificialintelligence.Yetinvariousconversations,itseemedtobetakenforgrantedthattoaddresstheworld’sproblems,scientificresearchneedstomovefaster.TheWEFmindsetresonates(產(chǎn)生共鳴)withtheSiliconValleydictate—usuallycreditedtoMarkZuckerberg—tomovefastandbreakthings.Butwhatifthethingbeingbrokenisscience?Orpublictrust?TheWEFmeetingtookplacejustafortnightafterHarvardUniversityPresidentClaudineCaysteppeddownaftercomplaintsweremadeaboutherscholarship.Gay’stroublescameontheheelsoftheresignationofStanfordUniversityPresidentMareTessier-Lavigne,afteraninternalinvestigationconcludedthathisneuroscienceresearchhad“multipleproblems”.Inresponse.Gayrequestedcorrectionstoseveralofherpapers;Tessier-Lavignerequestedretraction(撤回)ofthreeofhis.Althoughitmaybeimpossibletodeterminejusthowwidespreadsuchproblemsreallyare,it’shardtoimaginethatthespectacleofhigh-profilescholarscorrectingandretractingpapershasnothadanegativeimpactonpublictrustinscienceandperhapsinexpertsbroadly.Inrecentyearswe’veseenimportantpapers,writtenbyprominentscientistsandpublishedinprestigiousjournals,retractedbecauseofquestionabledataormethods.Inoneinterestingcase,FrancesH.ArnoldoftheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,whosharedthe2018NobelPrizeinChemistry,voluntarilyretractedapaperwhenherlabwasunabletoreplicateherresults—butafterthepaperhadbeenpublished.Inanopenapology,shestatedthatshewas“abitbusy”whenthepaperwassubmittedand“didnotdomyjobwell”.Arnold’shonestyisadmirable,butitraisesaquestion:Arescholarsatsupercompetitiveplacesreallytakingthetimetodotheirworkright?TheproblemisnotuniquetotheU.S.InEurope,formalresearchassessments—whichareusedtoallocatefuturefunding—haveforyearsjudgedacademicdepartmentslargelyonthequantityoftheiroutput.Duetothefactthattheexistingsystemhascreatedacounterincentivetoadvancementinscience,areformisunderwayurginganemphasisonqualityoverquantity.Goodsciencetakestime.NearlyacenturypassedbetweenbiochemistFriedrichMiescher’sidentificationoftheDNAmoleculeandsuggestionthatitmightbeinvolvedininheritanceandtheelucidationofitsdouble-helixstructureinthe1950s.AndittookjustabouthalfacenturyforgeologistandgeophysiciststoacceptgeophysicistAlfredWegener’sideaofcontinentaldrift.There’splentyofcircumstantialevidencethatscientistsandotherscholarsarepushingresultsoutfarfasterthantheyusedto.Someofthisgrowthisdrivenbymorescientistsandmoreco-authorship(papers,butitalsosuggeststhattheresearchworldhasprioritizedquantityoverquality.Researchedmayneedtoslowdown—notspeedup—ifwearetoproduceknowledgeworthyoftrust.28.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A.Tessier-LavigneresignedfromSandfordafterGaysteppeddown.B.Gaygavebackherscholarshipsduetostudents’complaints.C.Fasterscientificdevelopmenthasledtoclimatechange.D.Publictrustinsciencemayhavealreadybeenshaken.29.WhyistheexampleofFrancesH.ArnoldmentionedinParagraph4?A.ToquestiontheworksofNobelPrizewinners.B.Toshowthepracticeofpaperretractioniscommon.C.Toindicateeventheinfluentialscientistsareinarush.D.Tohighlightscientists’qualityofhonestyinacademia.30.Theunderlinedword“counterincentive”inParagraph5referstoa(n)______factor.A.unfair B.indecisive C.discouraging D.irrational31.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheDangerofFastScience B.TheBattlebetweenQualityandQuantityC.TheCrisisamongTopScientists D.ThePrinciplebehindResearchAssessments第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分.共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Picturethis:you’rebakingcookies.Asyouliftthepanoutoftheoven,yourbarearmaccidentallytouchesit.Ouch!Whydidyoufeelpain?Andhowisyourbraininvolvedinsensingpain?Wemaynotlikepain,butourbodiesneeditasawarningsystem.____32____Therearespecialreceptorcellsinourskinandbodiesthataresensitivetocertainstimuli(刺激).Thesecellsarecalled“nociceptors”.Whenanociceptorgetsexposedtoapainfulstimulus,itsendsamessageintothebrain.Thebrainprocessesthatinformation,andthenpainisfelt.____33____Thinkaboutatimewhenyou’vestubbedyourtoe.Theredoesn’tseemtobeadelaybetweenhittingyourtoeandthenfeelingpain:itfeelslikeithappensatthesametime.____34____Ifwehaveaninjury,painalertsustorestandlettheinjuryheal.Ifwestandtooclosetoafire,paintellsustomoveaway.Notbeingabletofeelpaincanbedangerous.Somepeoplecanfeelsensationsliketouch,buttheycannotfeelpain.Withoutfeelingpain,theycannotlistentotheirbodieswhentheyneedtorestorheal.Ontheotherhand,thebrainsometimesprocessespainwherethereisn’tanyactualinjurytothebody.Here’safamousstory:amansteppedonanail.Itwentthroughthebottomofhisshoe,andhefeltlikehewasinhorriblepain.Whenthedoctorsremovedhisshoe,theyfoundthatthenailwasbetweenhistoes!Ithadn’tgoneintohisfootatall.____35____Sohisbrainperceivedpaintomatchtheexperience.Withoutpain,wemightnotknowwhenwecouldneedtorest.Wemightnotknowifwewereindangerofhurtingourselves.____36____However,itisanimportantpartofhumanlifeandsurvival!A.Painisnotfuntofeel.B.Painisaresponsetoastimulus.C.Ourbrainsusesensoryinformationtointerpretthepainthatwefeel.D.Eventhoughpainisanunpleasantfeeling,itisnecessaryforhumansurvival.E.Allofthissignalsendingandprocessinghappensfasterthanwecanperceive.F.Itisanimportantfunctionofourbrain,tellingourbodieswhensomethingiswrong.G.However,thevisualinformationtrickedhisbrainintothinkingthattherewascauseforalarm.第四部分：書(shū)面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，25分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第53、54、55題各2分，第56題4分，共10分）閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。MarvaCollins’journeyasateacherbeganinthe1960s,whenshewasassignedtoteachatapublicschoolinChicago.Atthetime,theschoolwastroubledbylowacademicstandardsandmisbehaviorofthestudents.Despitethesechallenges.Collinswasdeterminedtohelpthosestudentslabeledas“difficult”or“at-risk”.Believingthateverystudenthadthepotentialtolearnandsucceed,shesetouttocreateaclassroomenvironmentthatwouldfosteraloveoflearning,asenseofdiscipline,andabeliefinoneself.Collinsfirstestablishedarigorousacademiccurriculumthatwouldchallengeherstudentstoreachtheirfullpotential.Shetaughtherstudentstraditionalsubjectsandalsoemphasizedcriticalthinking,problemsolving,andcreativity.Herteachingmethodswerehighlyeffective,andstudentssoonbegantoshowremarkableprogress.ButCollins’greatestachievementwasthefoundingoftheWestsidePrepSchool,whichshestartedin1975.Theschoolprovidedasafeandnurturingenvironmentwherestudentscouldthriveacademicallyandsociallyandthereforeitwasconsideredasthe“havenforlearning”.AtthePrepSchool.Collinsstressedtheimportanceofdisciplineandhardwork.Sheexpectedherstudentstoarriveontime,inuniform,andreadytolearn,andsheinstalledinthemasenseofresponsibilityandaccountability.Collinsalsoemphasizedtheimportanceofbuildingrelationshipsbetweenteachersandstudents.Shebelievedthatstrongrelationshipswerethefoundationofeffectiveteaching,aresheencouragedherteacherstopersonalizetheirinstructionbasedonthestudents’individualdifferences.Underherleadership,thePrepSchoolbecameknownforitshighacademicstandardsanditsabilitytohelpstrugglingstudents.Manyoftheschool’sgraduateswentontoattendtopcollegesanduniversities,andsomewentontobecomeleadersintheirfields.Collins’impactoneducationwasrecognizedbyeducatorsaroundtheworld.Today,herlegacyliveson.Heremphasisondiscipline,hardwork,andrelationshipscontinuestobeamodelforeffectiveteaching,andherbeliefinthepotentialofeverystudentcontinuestoinspireeducatorstomakeadifferenceinthelivesoftheat-riskstudents.37.WhatchallengesdidCollinsfaceasanewteacher?_____________________________________________________________________________38.WhywasthePrepSchoolconsideredthe“havenforlearning”?_____________________________________________________________________________39.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Toachieveeffectiveteaching,Collinsencouragedherteacherstobuildstrongrelationshipswiththestudentsandteachthemasawhole._____________________________________________________________________________40.WhichoneofCollin’steachingbeliefsimpressesyoumost?Why?(Inabout40words)_____________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)（15分）41.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二學(xué)生李華。2024年世界機(jī)器人大會(huì)（WorldRobotConference）將于八月在北京舉行，組委會(huì)正在招募英文志愿講解員，你對(duì)此很感興趣。請(qǐng)你用英文寫(xiě)一封申請(qǐng)信，內(nèi)容包括：1.申請(qǐng)理由；2.自身優(yōu)勢(shì)。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearSir/Madam,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua參考答案第二部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，25分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1分，共10分）【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.D5.A6.C7.D8.C9.B10.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文的體裁是記敘文。通過(guò)敘述主人公HenryBurner克服閱讀障礙，從一個(gè)學(xué)校交易活動(dòng)出發(fā)，創(chuàng)立并發(fā)展Buttonsmith公司的經(jīng)歷，展示了個(gè)人奮斗、創(chuàng)新思維和企業(yè)成長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在他10歲的時(shí)候，他的班級(jí)經(jīng)營(yíng)了一個(gè)交易站，學(xué)生們?cè)谀抢镉眉賻刨I(mǎi)賣(mài)商品。A.ran經(jīng)營(yíng)；B.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.decorated裝飾；D.swept掃除。根據(jù)后文的“atradingpost,wherestudentswouldsellandbuygoodswithheads.”可知，此處指班級(jí)內(nèi)部進(jìn)行的一種商業(yè)活動(dòng)，他的班級(jí)經(jīng)營(yíng)了一個(gè)交易站。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們需要做一些持久的東西。A.stable穩(wěn)定的；B.portable便攜的；C.durable持久的；D.flexible靈活的。根據(jù)前文的“Fewstudentsmakethingsthatlastlong”可知，亨利想要制作持久耐用的商品。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那就是Buttonsmith的起源，現(xiàn)在這家零售公司已經(jīng)有超過(guò)1萬(wàn)種產(chǎn)品上市。A.mission使命；B.initiation起源；C.advantage優(yōu)勢(shì)；D.performance表演。根據(jù)前文的“WhenBurnerendedupwiththemostbendsatthetradingpost,hefeltforthefirsttimethathewasreallysuccessful.Arrivinghome,Burneraskedhismom.“CanImakeitarealbusiness?””可知，這里指的是Buttonsmith公司的開(kāi)始或者起源。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：除了正常的學(xué)業(yè)，伯納還在公司的戰(zhàn)略決策中發(fā)揮了重要作用，并投入休息時(shí)間和周末為公司工作。A.killed殺死；B.delayed延遲；C.balanced平衡；D.invested投資，投入。根據(jù)后文的“hisbreaksandweekendsworkingonthecompany”可知，此處表示他將個(gè)人時(shí)間投入到公司工作中。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Buttonsmith從農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)起步，之后轉(zhuǎn)到線上，最終開(kāi)發(fā)了自己的網(wǎng)站。A.eventually最終；B.hesitantly猶豫地；C.frequently頻繁地；D.accidentally偶然地。根據(jù)后文的“developingitsownwebsite”可知，此處應(yīng)填入表示最后結(jié)果的副詞，表示最終開(kāi)發(fā)了自己的網(wǎng)站。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在線銷(xiāo)售后，Buttonsmith的銷(xiāo)售額顯著上升，達(dá)到了數(shù)百萬(wàn)人，這是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。A.regular常規(guī)的；B.temporary臨時(shí)的；C.crucial關(guān)鍵的；D.urgent緊急的。根據(jù)前文的“Buttonsmith’ssalesshowedasignificantupwardgraphandreachedmillionsofpeople”和后文的“Sincethenhehasgreatly6productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproductsthatallowpeopletoexpresswhotheyaretotheworld.”可知，銷(xiāo)售額的大幅提升，極大地?cái)U(kuò)展了產(chǎn)品線，對(duì)于公司來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵性的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從那時(shí)起，他極大地?cái)U(kuò)展了產(chǎn)品線，推出了許多讓人們能夠向世界表達(dá)自我的可負(fù)擔(dān)高質(zhì)量產(chǎn)品。A.slid滑動(dòng)；B.poured傾倒；C.packed打包；D.expanded擴(kuò)展。根據(jù)后文的“productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproducts”可知，此處指產(chǎn)品線的增加和多樣化，因此“擴(kuò)展”最符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從紐扣開(kāi)始，公司已經(jīng)多樣化其產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)，目前提供狗項(xiàng)圈、牽引繩、名片、橫幅等。A.costs成本；B.sizes尺寸；C.offerings供應(yīng)，產(chǎn)品；D.suppliers供應(yīng)商。根據(jù)前文的“thecompanyhasdiversifieditsproduct”和后文的“currentlyprovidesdogcollars,leashes,businesscards,banners,etc.”可知，這里指的是公司提供的產(chǎn)品種類(lèi)，所以使用“供應(yīng)”最為合適。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：為了領(lǐng)先于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手，伯納優(yōu)化了Buttonsmith，使得訂單被下單后幾分鐘內(nèi)就能生產(chǎn)出定制產(chǎn)品。A.shipped運(yùn)輸；B.placed放置，下單；C.deleted刪除；D.tracked跟蹤。根據(jù)前文的“Buttonsmithtohavecustomproductsmadewithinminutesoftheorderbeing”可知，此處指客戶下單后快速生產(chǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在國(guó)內(nèi)創(chuàng)建了一家令人印象深刻的零售公司后，Buttonsmith正在制定戰(zhàn)略，將其根基擴(kuò)展到其他國(guó)家。A.roots根源，根基；B.wishes愿望；C.taste品味；D.research研究。根據(jù)后文的“toothercountries”可知，這里指公司業(yè)務(wù)或影響范圍的擴(kuò)大，Buttonsmith正在將其根基擴(kuò)展到其他國(guó)家。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分.共15分）【答案】11.towelcome12.werepurchased##hadbeenpurchased13.hasconducted##hasbeenconducting【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文的體裁是新聞報(bào)道。文章講述了大熊貓“福寶”從韓國(guó)返回中國(guó)四川成都的具體事件，包括日期、歡迎方式、熊貓的特殊身份，以及中國(guó)在大熊貓保護(hù)合作方面的概況?！?1題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了歡迎福寶回家，大型屏幕被點(diǎn)亮。本句謂語(yǔ)為werelitup，此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，本空用welcome“歡迎”的不定式towelcome，作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填towelcome?！?2題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：這些大型屏幕廣告是由數(shù)十名粉絲購(gòu)買(mǎi)的。本句描述過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，故時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)screens“屏幕”與動(dòng)詞purchase“購(gòu)買(mǎi)”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用were。也可以理解為：purchase發(fā)生在werelitup之前，句子時(shí)態(tài)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)screens與動(dòng)詞purchase之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填werepurchased/hadbeenpurchased?！?3題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：自20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)，中國(guó)一直在與其他國(guó)家的機(jī)構(gòu)開(kāi)展大熊貓保護(hù)合作與研究。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Sincethe1990s可知，conduct“實(shí)施”這一動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，句子時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)China為第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用has。句子時(shí)態(tài)也可用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示conduct“實(shí)施”這一動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還將持續(xù)下去。故填hasconducted或hasbeenconducting。【答案】14.What15.which16.integration【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明了大約90%的交通事故是由人為失誤造成的，而帶有人工智能的自動(dòng)駕駛汽車(chē)旨在解決這一問(wèn)題，讓司機(jī)可以在汽車(chē)系統(tǒng)負(fù)責(zé)駕駛的同時(shí)休息。【14題詳解】考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：他們所能做的不是通過(guò)戰(zhàn)略駕駛和安全駕駛來(lái)保持車(chē)輛硬件的健康。該空引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少賓語(yǔ)，指物，應(yīng)用連接代詞w