江西省景德鎮(zhèn)市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江西省景德鎮(zhèn)市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AItisthattimeoftheyear,whenahandfulofworld’sleadingscholars,socialactivistsandresearchersarerewardedwithwhatisoftencitedasthemostprestigiousacknowledgementofhumaneffort-theNobelPrize.Here’salookatwhohaswontheprizeandforwhat.PhysiologyorMedicineSwedishgeneticistSvantePeabowonthefirstNobeloftheyear,forstartingthefieldofancientDNAstudies.Heiswell-knownforextracting,sequencing,andanalyzingancientDNAfromNeanderthalbones.PhysicsAlainAspect,JohnF.ClauserandAntonZeilinger’sworkinquantum(量子)technologylandedthemthesecondNobelPrizeannouncedin2022.AlthoughAspectisfromFrance,ClauserfromtheU.S,andZeilingerfromAustria,thethreeseparatelyperformed“groundbreakingexperiments”asoneteam.“Theirresultshaveclearedthewayfornewtechnology,”thecommitteestated.ChemistryTheNobelPrizeforchemistrywenttoanothertrio,CarolynR.BertozzifromtheU.S.,MortenMeldalfromDenmarkandK.BarrySharplessfromtheU.S.“forthedevelopmentofclickchemistryandbiorthogonalchemistry,”thecommitteestated.Dr.Bertozziistheeighthwomanchemisttobeawardedtheprize,whileDr.SharplessisthefifthscientisttobeawardedtwoNobelPrizes.EconomicsThePrizeinEconomicScienceswasawardedtothreeAmericaneconomists,BenS.Bernanke,DouglasW.DiamondandPhilipH.Dybvig“forresearchonbanksandfinancialcrises,”theNobelPrizecommitteeannouncedonMonday.BystudyingthehistoryofAmericaneconomics,particularlytheGreatDepressionofthe1930s,theyimprovedhowweunderstandtheroleofbanksduringtimesofhardshipandthebank’simpactonsocietalfunctions.1.Whatprizeisrelatedtotheresearchwithbones?A.Chemistry. B.Physiology. C.Economics. D.Physics.2.ForwhatreasonwereBenS.Bernanke,DouglasW.Diamond,andPhilipH.DybvigawardedthePrizeinEconomicSciences?A.FortheirworkinancientDNAstudies B.FortheirworkinquantumtechnologyC.Fortheirresearchonbanksandfinancialcrises D.Forthedevelopmentofclickchemistry3.WhatcanbeinferredfromthearticleabouttheNobelPrizes?A.Allwinnersarefromthesamecountry.B.TheNobelPrizesareonlyawardedtoindividuals,notteams.C.TheNobelPrizeinEconomicSciencesisnotasprestigiousastheothers.D.TheNobelPrizesrecognizesignificantcontributionsacrossvariousfields.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四項(xiàng)諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的獲得情況。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PhysiologyorMedicine中“Heiswell-knownforextracting,sequencing,andanalyzingancientDNAfromNeanderthalbones.(他以從尼安德特人的骨頭中提取、測(cè)序和分析古代DNA而聞名)”可知，生理學(xué)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)與骨骼研究有關(guān)。故選B。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThePrizeinEconomicScienceswasawardedtothreeAmericaneconomists,BenS.Bernanke,DouglasW.DiamondandPhilipH.Dybvig“forresearchonbanksandfinancialcrises,”theNobelPrizecommitteeannouncedonMonday.(諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)委員會(huì)周一宣布，經(jīng)濟(jì)科學(xué)獎(jiǎng)授予了三名美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家，分別是BenS.Bernanke、DouglasW.Diamond和PhilipH.Dybvig，以表彰他們“對(duì)銀行和金融危機(jī)的研究”)”可知，BenS.Bernanke,DouglasW.Diamond和PhilipH.Dybvig憑關(guān)于銀行和金融危機(jī)研究獲獎(jiǎng)。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Itisthattimeoftheyear,whenahandfulofworld’sleadingscholars,socialactivistsandresearchersarerewardedwithwhatisoftencitedasthemostprestigiousacknowledgementofhumaneffort-theNobelPrize.(每年的這個(gè)時(shí)候，少數(shù)世界頂尖的學(xué)者、社會(huì)活動(dòng)家和研究人員都會(huì)獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，這通常被認(rèn)為是對(duì)人類(lèi)努力的最負(fù)盛名的認(rèn)可)”可知，諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)用于表彰各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的重大貢獻(xiàn)。故選D。BOnasunnyafternoonduringmytriptoSingapore,asimpleyetimpactfuleventunfoldedthathasleftalastingimpressiononme.Iwasenjoyingastrollthroughthebustlingstreets,sippingonarefreshingmilkdrink.AsIfinishedthelastdrop,Ilookedaroundforatrashbintodisposeoftheemptycarton.Spottingarowofbins,Icasuallytossedthecartonintoone,assumingitwastherightplaceforit.However,myactionwasnotasenvironmentallyconsciousasIhadthought.AlocalSingaporean,noticingmymistake,approachedwithapolitesmile.Hebentdown,retrievedthecartonIhaddiscarded,andplaceditintoadifferentbin.Istoodthere,slightlyembarrassed,asheexplainedwithakindgesturethatIhadmistakenlythrownitintothebinfornon-recyclablewaste.Thissmallactwasapowerfullessoninenvironmentalawarenessandtheimportanceoffollowinglocalrecyclingpractices.Itwasahumblingmoment,realizingthatinacity-stateknownforitscleanlinessandorder,everyindividualplaysapartinmaintainingitspristineenvironment.Theman’sactionwasnotascoldingbutaquietdemonstrationofcivicresponsibilityandrespectfortheenvironment.ThisencounterinSingaporewasmorethanjustalessoninrecycling;itwasaturningpointforme.Itinspiredmetobemoreaware,moreresponsible,andmorerespectfulinmytravels.Itwasasmallactthatleftabigimpression,anditwillforeverbeapartofmyjourneytowardsbeingamoreconscientiousglobalcitizen.4.Whatdidtheauthordowiththemilkcartoninitially?A.Herecycleditcorrectly. B.Hekeptitasasouvenir.C.Hethrewitintothewrongtrashbin. D.HegaveittotheSingaporeanman.5.HowdidtheSingaporeanmanreactwhenhesawtheauthor’smistake?A.Hescoldedtheauthorsoftly. B.Heignoredtheauthor’smistake.C.Helaughedattheauthor’smistake. D.Hepolitelycorrectedtheauthor’smistake.6.Whatdoes“civicresponsibility”refertointhepassage?A.Theresponsibilitytotravel. B.Theresponsibilitytodrinkmilk.C.Theresponsibilitytoscoldothers. D.Theresponsibilitytokeepthecityclean.7.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterthisincident?A.Theauthorwasinspiredtobemoreenvironmentallyconsciousandresponsibleinhisactions.B.TheauthorfeltembarrassedanddecidedtoavoidvisitingSingaporeagain.C.Theauthorbecamemoreawareoftheimportanceoffollowinglocalcustomsineverycountry.D.Theauthordecidedtofocusonenjoyinghistravelswithoutworryingaboutenvironmentalissues.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在一次新加坡之行中，無(wú)意將牛奶盒扔錯(cuò)了垃圾桶，一位新加坡男子禮貌地糾正了作者的錯(cuò)誤。這件事激勵(lì)作者在旅行中更有意識(shí)、更負(fù)責(zé)任、更尊重他人?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AsIfinishedthelastdrop,Ilookedaroundforatrashbintodisposeoftheemptycarton.Spottingarowofbins,Icasuallytossedthecartonintoone,assumingitwastherightplaceforit.(當(dāng)我喝完最后一滴時(shí)，我環(huán)顧四周，尋找一個(gè)垃圾桶來(lái)處理空紙盒?？吹揭慌畔渥?，我隨手把紙盒扔進(jìn)一個(gè)箱子里，以為那是放紙盒的合適地方)”以及第二段“However,myactionwasnotasenvironmentallyconsciousasIhadthought.AlocalSingaporean,noticingmymistake,approachedwithapolitesmile.(然而，我的行為并不像我想象的那樣具有環(huán)保意識(shí)。一位當(dāng)?shù)氐男录悠氯俗⒁獾轿业腻e(cuò)誤，禮貌地微笑著走過(guò)來(lái))”可知，作者最初把牛奶盒扔錯(cuò)了垃圾桶。故選C。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AlocalSingaporean,noticingmymistake,approachedwithapolitesmile.Hebentdown,retrievedthecartonIhaddiscarded,andplaceditintoadifferentbin.Istoodthere,slightlyembarrassed,asheexplainedwithakindgesturethatIhadmistakenlythrownitintothebinfornon-recyclablewaste.(一位當(dāng)?shù)氐男录悠氯俗⒁獾轿业腻e(cuò)誤，禮貌地微笑著走過(guò)來(lái)。他彎下腰，撿起我丟棄的紙盒，放進(jìn)另一個(gè)箱子里。我站在那里，有點(diǎn)尷尬，他友好地解釋說(shuō)，我錯(cuò)把它扔進(jìn)了不可回收垃圾的垃圾箱)”可知，當(dāng)這位新加坡男子看到作者的錯(cuò)誤時(shí)，他禮貌地糾正了作者的錯(cuò)誤。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Itwasahumblingmoment,realizingthatinacity-stateknownforitscleanlinessandorder,everyindividualplaysapartinmaintainingitspristineenvironment.Theman’sactionwasnotascoldingbutaquietdemonstrationofcivicresponsibilityandrespectfortheenvironment.(這是一個(gè)令人羞愧的時(shí)刻，我意識(shí)到，在一個(gè)以清潔和秩序聞名的城邦，每個(gè)人都在維護(hù)其原始環(huán)境中發(fā)揮著作用。這名男子的行為不是責(zé)罵，而是一種公民責(zé)任和對(duì)環(huán)境的尊重的安靜表現(xiàn))”可知，文章中的“公民責(zé)任”指的是保持城市清潔的責(zé)任。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itinspiredmetobemoreaware,moreresponsible,andmorerespectfulinmytravels.Itwasasmallactthatleftabigimpression,anditwillforeverbeapartofmyjourneytowardsbeingamoreconscientiousglobalcitizen.(它激勵(lì)我在旅行中更有意識(shí)、更負(fù)責(zé)任、更尊重他人。這是一個(gè)小小的舉動(dòng)，卻給我留下了深刻的印象，它將永遠(yuǎn)成為我成為一個(gè)更有責(zé)任心的全球公民的一部分)”可知，事件發(fā)生后，作者受到啟發(fā)，在他的行動(dòng)中更有環(huán)保意識(shí)和責(zé)任感。故選A。CRobotguidedogsmaysoonbecomeavailabletothe17millionvisuallyimpairedpeopleinChinathankstoresearchersfromNorthwesternPolytechnicalUniversity,whoachievedabreakthroughusinganartificialintelligencelanguagemodel.TheAIguidedogcanprovideassistanceinlifesuchascrossingstreets,usingelevatorsandguidingindoorspaceswithouthavingtobeconnectedtotheinternet.Itisabigstepinexploringtheapplicationofinvolvedintelligence—anintelligentmachinewithaphysicalformthatcaninteractwiththeenvironmentinreal-timeusingsensorstoconductinstructionsormakedecisions.Theresearchmakesitpossibletoprovidebetterguidanceservicesforvisuallyimpairedpeople,especiallyforemotionalcompanionship.“Thoughinrecentyearstherehavebeensomeelectronicnavigationaids(導(dǎo)航助手),suchaselectronicnavigationhelmets,navigationcanes,andelectronicguidedogs,theycannotengageinconversationswithpeopleorfullyunderstandhumaninstructions,”saidSunZhe,anassociateprofessorattheuniversity’sSchoolofArtificialIntelligence,OpticsandElectronics,“Theycanonlyperformtasksaccordingtopre-designedprograms.Theyarejustcoldmachines.That’snotenough.Visuallyimpairedpeoplefacenumerouschallengesindailylife,includingnavigationdifficultiesandpossibledangers,butsmartguidedogsusingthelanguagemodelcanofferthemmoreconvenientandsaferguidance,effectivelyimprovingtheirlifequality.”Sunsaid.TheresearchteambegandevelopingthesmartguidedogbasedontheAImodelattheendoflastmonth.ItsfindingshavebeenpublishedintheCommunicationsoftheChineseComputerSociety.“Thecurrentresultsprovethepossibilityofthisapproach,butthereisstillsomewaytogobeforeitcanbeputintopracticalapplication,”Sunsaid.“Wewillputmoreeffortintoitandmakeitavailableforthoseinneedassoonaspossible.”8.WhatassistancecanAI-guidedogsprovide?A.Providereal-timeguidanceindailylife. B.Makeemotionalfacialexpressions.C.Offersuggestionsbasedontheinternet. D.Replaceyoutomakebigdecisions.9.Whatdoesthephrase“coldmachines”refertointhearticle?A.Machinesthatarenotphysicallywarm.B.Machinesthatareoutdatedandineffective.C.Machinesthatareusedincoldenvironments.D.Machinesthatlackemotionalunderstandingandinteraction.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.TheteamhasdevelopedAI-guidedogsforalongtime.B.AI-guidedogshavenotbeenputintoproductionyet.C.Manyscientistsdoubttheteam’sresearchachievements.D.Thereisalackoffundingfortheproject’sresearch.11.Whatisthemainfocusofthearticle?A.Thelimitationsofcurrentnavigationaidsforthevisuallyimpaired.B.ThedevelopmentofAIguidedogsforvisuallyimpairedindividuals.C.Theemotionalchallengesfacedbyvisuallyimpairedpeople.D.Theadvancementsinartificialintelligencetechnology.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了西北工業(yè)大學(xué)研究人員利用人工智能模型開(kāi)發(fā)智能導(dǎo)盲犬的突破，為視覺(jué)障礙者提供更安全、便捷的生活輔助及情感陪伴的可能性。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“TheAIguidedogcanprovideassistanceinlifesuchascrossingstreets,usingelevatorsandguidingindoorspaceswithouthavingtobeconnectedtotheinternet.(這種AI導(dǎo)盲犬可以在日常生活中提供幫助，比如過(guò)馬路、使用電梯和引導(dǎo)室內(nèi)行走，而且不需要連接互聯(lián)網(wǎng))”可知，AI導(dǎo)盲犬可以在日常生活中提供實(shí)時(shí)指導(dǎo)。故選A。【9題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Theycanonlyperformtasksaccordingtopre-designedprograms.(它們只能根據(jù)預(yù)設(shè)計(jì)的程序執(zhí)行任務(wù))”可知，它們只能根據(jù)預(yù)先設(shè)計(jì)的程序執(zhí)行任務(wù)，是“冷漠的機(jī)器”。這里的“coldmachines”指的是缺乏情感理解和互動(dòng)能力的機(jī)器。故選D?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中““Thecurrentresultsprovethepossibilityofthisapproach,butthereisstillsomewaytogobeforeitcanbeputintopracticalapplication,”Sunsaid.(“目前的結(jié)果證明了這種方法的可能性，但要將其投入實(shí)際應(yīng)用還有一段路要走，”孫說(shuō)道)”表明盡管目前的研究成果證明了這種方法的可能性，但距離實(shí)際應(yīng)用還有一段路要走。因此可以推斷出AI導(dǎo)盲犬尚未投入生產(chǎn)。故選B。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容及文章第一段“Robotguidedogsmaysoonbecomeavailabletothe17millionvisuallyimpairedpeopleinChinathankstoresearchersfromNorthwesternPolytechnicalUniversity,whoachievedabreakthroughusinganartificialintelligencelanguagemodel.(得益于西北工業(yè)大學(xué)研究人員利用人工智能語(yǔ)言模型取得的突破，機(jī)器人導(dǎo)盲犬可能很快就會(huì)面向中國(guó)1700萬(wàn)視障人士提供服務(wù))”可知，全文主要討論了西北工業(yè)大學(xué)研究人員開(kāi)發(fā)的一種基于人工智能的語(yǔ)言模型的智能導(dǎo)盲犬，旨在為視障人士提供更好的導(dǎo)航服務(wù)，并改善他們的生活質(zhì)量。文章詳細(xì)描述了這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)及其未來(lái)的發(fā)展?jié)摿?。因此，文章的主要焦點(diǎn)是關(guān)于為視障人士開(kāi)發(fā)AI導(dǎo)盲犬。故選B。DNewresearchhasfoundalinkbetweentheheightofceilingsinexamhallsandtheperformanceofstudents.Whiletheshapeofaroomcan’tmakeyousmarter,theenvironmentswe’reinhaveaneffectonus.Theauthorsofthestudysuggestthatbigandopenrooms,withhighceilings,makeitharderforstudentstofocusonwhat’sinfrontofthem.Apreviousstudyfromsomeofthesameresearchers,makinguseofbrainmappingtechnologyandvirtualreality,hadfoundarelationshipbetweencognitiveabilityandtheperceivedsizeofaperson’ssurroundings.Here,theteamwantedtodosomereal-worldtesting.“Wewerecurioustoapplyourlabfindingstoareal-worlddatasetandseeifbeinginalargespacewhilehavingtoconcentrateonanimportanttaskwouldresultinapoorerperformance,”saysIsabellaBower.Thestudyanalyzedexamresultsfrom15,400studentsovereightyearsandacrossthreecampusesreferencingtheirscoresagainstwhatwasexpectedbasedonthecourseworkthey’dpreviouslysubmitted.Inexamroomswithhighceilings,studentstendedtounderperformcomparedtothosetakingexamsinroomswitha“standard”ceilingheight,evenafteraccountingforage,gender,time,subjectandpriorexamexperience—otherfactorspotentiallyaffectingtheresults.“Thekeypointisthatlargeroomswithhighceilingsseemtodisadvantagestudentsandweneedtounderstandwhatbrainmechanisms(機(jī)制)areatplay,andwhetherthisaffectsallstudentstothesamedegree,”saysBower.Thosearequestionsthatfutureresearchcanfindout.It’sclearthatenvironmentmatters—andthatwemightnotgivestudentsthebestchanceforsuccessbyholdingexamsinroomsthataren’tcustom-builtforthepurpose.“Examinationshavebeenakeypartofoureducationsystemforover1,300years,shapingstudentscareerpathsandlives,”saysJaclynBroadbent.“It’scrucialtorecognizethepotentialimpactofthephysicalenvironmentonstudentperformanceandmakenecessaryadjustmentstoensureallstudentshaveanequalopportunitytosucceed.”12.Whydidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A.Toprovethatlargeroomshavenoeffectonexamperformance.B.Toapplylabfindingstoareal-worlddatasetandseetheimpact.C.Toshowthatstandardceilingheightisthebestforexamrooms.D.Todemonstratethatthephysicalenvironmenthasnoinfluenceonstudents.13.Whatisfutureresearchexpectedtofindout?A.Whetherexamroomswithhighceilingswilldisadvantagestudents.B.Whetherotherfactorscouldpotentiallyaffecttheresultsofthestudy.C.Whetherstudentsareequallyaffectedinexamroomswithhighceilings.D.Whetherbrainmechanismsaffectstudentsinexamroomswithhighceilings.14.Whatistheauthor’sviewontheimportanceofthephysicalenvironmentinexams?A.Itiscrucialandcanimpactstudentperformancesignificantly.B.Itisimportantbutonlyaffectsafewstudents.C.Itisnotimportantasitdoesnotaffectexamperformance.D.Itisimportantbutonlyinthecontextoflarge,openrooms.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheImpactofRoomShapeonIntelligenceB.TheRoleofPhysicalEnvironmentinEducationC.TheEffectofCeilingHeightonExamPerformanceD.TheImportanceofBrainMechanismsinExamRooms【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，考場(chǎng)天花板的高度與學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)之間存在聯(lián)系，天花板很高的、寬敞開(kāi)放的房間會(huì)讓學(xué)生更難專(zhuān)注于眼前的事物?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““Wewerecurioustoapplyourlabfindingstoareal-worlddatasetandseeifbeinginalargespacewhilehavingtoconcentrateonanimportanttaskwouldresultinapoorerperformance,”saysIsabellaBower.(伊莎貝拉·鮑爾說(shuō)：“我們很好奇，想把我們的實(shí)驗(yàn)室的發(fā)現(xiàn)應(yīng)用到現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的數(shù)據(jù)集，看看在一個(gè)大空間里，同時(shí)必須專(zhuān)注于一項(xiàng)重要任務(wù)，是否會(huì)導(dǎo)致表現(xiàn)變差?！?”可知，研究人員進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究是為了將實(shí)驗(yàn)室的發(fā)現(xiàn)應(yīng)用于真實(shí)世界的數(shù)據(jù)集，并觀察其影響。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Thekeypointisthatlargeroomswithhighceilingsseemtodisadvantagestudentsandweneedtounderstandwhatbrainmechanisms(機(jī)制)areatplay,andwhetherthisaffectsallstudentstothesamedegree(關(guān)鍵是，高天花板的大房間似乎對(duì)學(xué)生不利，我們需要了解是什么大腦機(jī)制在起作用，以及這對(duì)所有學(xué)生的影響程度是否相同)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“Thosearequestionsthatfutureresearchcanfindout.(這些都是未來(lái)研究可以發(fā)現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題)”可知，未來(lái)的研究有望發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生在天花板很高的考場(chǎng)是否同樣受到影響。故選C?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“It’sclearthatenvironmentmatters—andthatwemightnotgivestudentsthebestchanceforsuccessbyholdingexamsinroomsthataren’tcustom-builtforthepurpose.(很明顯，環(huán)境很重要——如果我們?cè)诓皇菍?zhuān)門(mén)為考試而建的教室里舉行考試，我們可能不會(huì)給學(xué)生最好的成功機(jī)會(huì))”可知，作者認(rèn)為物理環(huán)境在考試中至關(guān)重要，可以顯著影響學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)。故選A。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Newresearchhasfoundalinkbetweentheheightofceilingsinexamhallsandtheperformanceofstudents.(一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，考場(chǎng)天花板的高度與學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)有關(guān))”結(jié)合文章主要介紹新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，考場(chǎng)天花板的高度與學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)之間存在聯(lián)系，天花板很高的寬敞開(kāi)放的房間會(huì)讓學(xué)生更難專(zhuān)注于眼前的事物?？芍?，C選項(xiàng)“天花板高度對(duì)考試成績(jī)的影響”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)有項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Makinggoodeyecontactisasurprisinglydifficultyetimportantpartofgoodcommunicationskills.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourabilitytolookpeopleintheeye,youcanpracticemakingeyecontactonyourowntogivetherightimpressioninconversations.___16___Trytorelaxasmuchaspossible.Themoreyouthinkaboutwhatyou’redoing,themoreawkwardyou’llfeel.Yournervousnesscanthenbemisinterpretedasdishonesty.___17___Ifyou’regoingintoanimportantmeetingorinterview,dosomebreathingexercises.Afewbig,full,deepbreathscandoalottocalmyoudown.___18___It’sactuallyphysicallysomewhatdifficulttokeepyoureyeslockedonbothofanotherperson’seyes.It’smorecommontofocusonone,oronaspotontheface,ratherthantryingtolookatbotheyesatonce.Ifithelps,trymovingbackandforthbetweenthetwoeyes.Breakyourgaze(凝視)tomakeothergestureswhilelistening.___19___Thislooksnaturalaswellasprovidingyouwithaneededbreakifnecessary.Trytokeepyoureyesfocusedwhileyoutalkaswellaslisten.It’sonethingtolookwhileyou’relistening.___20___Don’tbeafraidifyouhavetobreakyourgazeoccasionally,buttrytokeepyourfaceandeyesforwardandupasyou’retalking.A.Focusononeeye.B.Practiceothergoodlisteningskills.C.Sostayingrelaxedisofparticularimportance.D.Trytokeepyoureyesopenasmuchaspossible.E.Doingsocanmakeyouabetterlistenerandamoreeffectivespeaker.F.It’sgoodtobreakeyecontactwhenyou’relaughing,ortonodandsmile.G.Butit’smoredifficulttokeepeyecontactwhileyou’realsotryingtosaysomething.【答案】16.E17.C18.A19.F20.G【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了如何在交流中做好眼神交流，包括放松自己、專(zhuān)注于一只眼睛、在傾聽(tīng)時(shí)移開(kāi)視線以及說(shuō)話和傾聽(tīng)時(shí)都要盡量保持眼神專(zhuān)注等技巧。【16題詳析】由上文“Makinggoodeyecontactisasurprisinglydifficultyetimportantpartofgoodcommunicationskills.Ifyouwanttoimproveyourabilitytolookpeopleintheeye,youcanpracticemakingeyecontactonyourowntogivetherightimpressioninconversations.(良好的眼神交流是良好溝通技巧中非常困難卻又重要的一部分。如果你想提高與人對(duì)視的能力，你可以自己練習(xí)眼神交流，以便在對(duì)話中給人留下正確的印象。)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“練習(xí)眼神交流的好處”有關(guān)的話題，故E選項(xiàng)“Doingsocanmakeyouabetterlistenerandamoreeffectivespeaker.(這樣做可以讓你成為一個(gè)更好的傾聽(tīng)者和更有效的演講者)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選E。【17題詳析】由上文“Trytorelaxasmuchaspossible.Themoreyouthinkaboutwhatyou’redoing,themoreawkwardyou’llfeel.Yournervousnesscanthenbemisinterpretedasdishonesty.(盡量放松。你越想自己在做什么，你就會(huì)覺(jué)得越尷尬。你的緊張可能會(huì)被誤解為不誠(chéng)實(shí)。)”可知，本空應(yīng)談?wù)摗安灰o張，要放松”有關(guān)的話題，故C選項(xiàng)“Sostayingrelaxedisofparticularimportance.(因此，保持放松尤為重要。)”能承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?8題詳析】由下文“It’sactuallyphysicallysomewhatdifficulttokeepyoureyeslockedonbothofanotherperson’seyes.It’smorecommontofocusonone,oronaspotontheface,ratherthantryingtolookatbotheyesatonce.Ifithelps,trymovingbackandforthbetweenthetwoeyes.(實(shí)際上，從生理上講，你很難同時(shí)盯著另一個(gè)人的眼睛。更常見(jiàn)的做法是盯著一只眼睛，或者盯著臉上的某個(gè)地方，而不是同時(shí)盯著兩只眼睛。如果有幫助的話，試著在兩只眼睛之間來(lái)回移動(dòng)。)”可知，本空應(yīng)談?wù)撆c“專(zhuān)注于一只眼睛”有關(guān)的話題，故A選項(xiàng)“Focusononeeye.(專(zhuān)注于一只眼睛。)”能引起下文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?9題詳析】由上文“Breakyourgaze(凝視)tomakeothergestureswhilelistening.(在傾聽(tīng)的時(shí)候，把目光移開(kāi)，做出其他手勢(shì)。)”可知，本空應(yīng)談?wù)撆c“把目光移開(kāi)，做出其他手勢(shì)”有關(guān)的話題，故F選項(xiàng)“It’sgoodtobreakeyecontactwhenyou’relaughing,ortonodandsmile.(當(dāng)你笑的時(shí)候，或者點(diǎn)頭微笑的時(shí)候，移開(kāi)視線是好的)”能承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境，該選項(xiàng)中的“breakeyecontact”與上文“Breakyourgaze”相呼應(yīng)。故選F?！?0題詳析】由上文“Trytokeepyoureyesfocusedwhileyoutalkaswellaslisten.It’sonethingtolookwhileyou’relistening.(當(dāng)你說(shuō)話和聽(tīng)的時(shí)候，盡量讓你的眼睛集中。)”可知，在說(shuō)話和傾聽(tīng)時(shí)都要盡量保持眼神專(zhuān)注，且由下文“Don’tbeafraidifyouhavetobreakyourgazeoccasionally,buttrytokeepyourfaceandeyesforwardandupasyou’retalking.(如果你不得不偶爾打斷你的目光，不要害怕，但在你說(shuō)話的時(shí)候，試著讓你的臉和眼睛向前和向上。)”可知，本空要談?wù)摗氨３盅凵駥?zhuān)注的困難”有關(guān)的話題，故G選項(xiàng)“Butit’smoredifficulttokeepeyecontactwhileyou’realsotryingtosaysomething(但是當(dāng)你也想說(shuō)些什么的時(shí)候，保持眼神交流就更難了)”能承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境，該選項(xiàng)中的“keepeyecontact”與上文“keepyoureyesfocused”相呼應(yīng)，且“moredifficult”與上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，突出了說(shuō)話的同時(shí)保持眼神交流更難。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。SPACE,thefinalfrontier,thestuffofdreams.Yet,inreality,aplacethatisfilledwith___21___andsometimestragedy(悲劇).Thistime,itslegendarytaleis___22___byBritishastronautTimPeakeinhisbookSpace:Thehumanstory.Itisaboutthe___23___experienceandthe“unusualnormalityofwhatwetryandmakeoutourjobtobe——it’s___24___peopledoingextraordinaryjobs”,saysPeake,___25___anambassadorfortheEuropeanSpaceAgency.Themainimageofonephotoincludedinthisbook___26___thebiggestfeat(壯舉)sofar:the___27___moonlandingon20July1969.Thisisnottherepresentative___28___ofNeilArmstrong’sfirststeps,___29___amorecandidpicture(takenbyArmstrong)ofBuzzAldrinwalkingacrossthelunarsurface.Fourdaysearlier,theApollo11mission____30____themoon,asastrikingimageofitslaunchshows.Toitsleft,EdWhitecanbeseenspacewalkingduringtheGemini4missioninJune1965,whichsawhimfloatingroughly150kilometers____31____Earth.EdWhiteandastronautsGusGrissomandRogerChaffeweresettocrewtheApollo1mission,apredecessor(前身)ofApollo11thatwas____32____tolaunchintoorbitaroundEarthinFebruary1967.Theimageattopleftshowsthemduringcapsuletraining.____33____,allthreediedon27January1967,afterafirebrokeoutduringatest.Thinkingofthe____34____,Peakesays:“We’relookingatestablishingalunarstationandsteppingstonestoMars.AstheISS(InternationalSpaceStation)comestoitsretirement,itfeltliketherighttimeto____35____thewholestoryuptodate.”21.A.gravity B.options C.risks D.desire22.A.forgotten B.noticed C.remembered D.told23.A.rollercoaster B.rollerskating C.honorroll D.rock&roll24.A.attractive B.ethnic C.ordinary D.native25.A.absolutely B.currently C.definitely D.typically26.A.attaches B.complains C.gathers D.features27.A.fatal B.final C.first D.funny28.A.script B.ceremony C.element D.shot29.A.but B.therefore C.however D.otherwise30.A.hopedfor B.longedfor C.providedfor D.setofffor31.A.above B.besides C.aside D.behind32.A.admitted B.chosen C.intended D.pursued33.A.Unusually B.Unfortunately C.Unfairly D.Uncertainly34.A.future B.competitions C.scenery D.tradition35.A.give B.bring C.make D.take【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.C28.D29.A30.D31.A32.C33.B34.A35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了英國(guó)宇航員TimPeake在他的書(shū)籍Space:Thehumanstory中，對(duì)太空探索的傳奇故事進(jìn)行了敘述?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，在現(xiàn)實(shí)中，這個(gè)地方充滿了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，有時(shí)甚至是悲劇。A.gravity重力；B.options選擇；C.risks風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；D.desire渴望。根據(jù)下文“andsometimestragedy”可知，這個(gè)地方是充滿風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這一次，英國(guó)宇航員TimPeake在他的Space:Thehumanstory一書(shū)中講述了它的傳奇故事。A.forgotten忘記；B.noticed注意到；C.remembered記得；D.told講述。根據(jù)上文“itslegendarytale”和下文“byBritishastronautTimPeakeinhisbookSpace:Thehumanstory”可知，英國(guó)宇航員TimPeake講述這個(gè)故事。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查名詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：目前擔(dān)任EuropeanSpaceAgency大使的Peake說(shuō)，這是一種過(guò)山車(chē)式的體驗(yàn)，“我們?cè)噲D讓自己的工作變得不尋常——普通人做著不平凡的工作。”A.rollercoaster過(guò)山車(chē)；B.rollerskating滑旱冰；C.honorroll榮譽(yù)榜；D.rock&roll搖滾。根據(jù)第一段“aplacethatisfilledwithrisksandsometimestragedy”可知，太空中風(fēng)險(xiǎn)很多，所以在太空中就像是坐過(guò)山車(chē)一樣，故選A?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：目前擔(dān)任EuropeanSpaceAgency大使的Peake說(shuō)，這是一種過(guò)山車(chē)式的體驗(yàn)，“我們?cè)噲D讓自己的工作變得不尋?！胀ㄈ俗鲋黄椒驳墓ぷ?。”A.attractive有吸引力的；B.ethnic民族的；C.ordinary普通的；D.native本地的。根據(jù)下文“peopledoingextraordinaryjobs”可知，此處是指普通人做不平凡的工作。故選C。【25題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：目前擔(dān)任EuropeanSpaceAgency大使的Peake說(shuō)，這是一種過(guò)山車(chē)式的體驗(yàn)，“我們?cè)噲D讓自己的工作變得不尋?！胀ㄈ俗鲋黄椒驳墓ぷ??！盇.absolutely絕對(duì)地，完全地；B.currently目前；C.definitely肯定地，當(dāng)然；D.typically典型地。根據(jù)下文“anambassadorfortheEuropeanSpaceAgency”可知，Peake目前是EuropeanSpaceAgency的大使。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這本書(shū)中包含的一張照片的主圖像展示了迄今為止最偉大的壯舉：1969年7月20日人類(lèi)首次登月。A.attaches粘，貼；B.complains抱怨；C.gathers聚集；D.features特寫(xiě)。根據(jù)上文“Themainimageofonephoto”和下文“thebiggestfeat”可知，那張照片是對(duì)那次偉大壯舉的特寫(xiě)。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這本書(shū)中包含的一張照片的主圖像展示了迄今為止最偉大的壯舉：1969年7月20日人類(lèi)首次登月。A.fatal致命的；B.final最后的；C.first第一次的；D.funny有趣的。根據(jù)下文“on20July1969”和歷史知識(shí)可知，1969年7月20日人類(lèi)首次登月，空格處意為“第一次的”。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這不是NeilArmstrong邁出第一步的代表性照片，而是BuzzAldrin在月球表面行走的一張更像是被偷拍的照片（由NeilArmstrong拍攝）。A.script劇本，講稿；B.ceremony儀式，典禮；C.element元素；D.shot照片、鏡頭。根據(jù)上文“Themainimageofonephoto”可知，此處是說(shuō)這不是NeilArmstrong邁出第一步的代表性照片。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查連詞/副詞詞義辨析。句意：這不是NeilArmstrong邁出第一步的代表性照片，而是BuzzAldrin在月球表面行走的一張更像是被偷拍的照片（由NeilArmstrong拍攝）。A.but但是；B.therefore因此；C.however然而；D.otherwise否則。根據(jù)上文“ofNeilArmstrong’sfirststeps”和下文“amorecandidpicture(takenbyArmstrong)ofBuzzAldrinwalkingacrossthelunarsurface”可知，前后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空格處用but。注意however雖表轉(zhuǎn)折，但空后要有逗號(hào)，故選A?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：4天前，阿波羅11號(hào)登月任務(wù)出發(fā)了，這是一張引人注目的發(fā)射照片。A.hopedfor希望；B.longedfor渴望；C.providedfor供養(yǎng)，贍養(yǎng)；D.setofffor出發(fā)前往。根據(jù)上文“theApollo11mission”和下文“themoon”可知，阿波羅11號(hào)是出發(fā)前往月球。故選D。【31題詳析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：在照片的左邊，可以看到EdWhite在1965年6月的雙子座4號(hào)任務(wù)中進(jìn)行太空行走，當(dāng)時(shí)他漂浮在地球上空大約150公里處。A.above在……上方；B.besides除……之外（還）；C.aside在旁邊；D.behind在……后面。根據(jù)上文“EdWhitecanbeseenspacewalking”可知，此處是指他在地球上方行走。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：EdWhite和宇航員GusGrissom和RogerChaffe被安排參加阿波羅1號(hào)任務(wù)，這是阿波羅11號(hào)的前身，計(jì)劃于1967年2月發(fā)射進(jìn)入地球軌道。A.admitted承認(rèn)；B.chosen選擇；C.intended計(jì)劃；D.pursued追求。根據(jù)下文“tolaunchintoorbitaroundEarthinFebruary1967”可知，阿波羅1號(hào)任務(wù)計(jì)劃于1967年2月發(fā)射進(jìn)入地球軌道。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，1967年1月27日，在一次試驗(yàn)過(guò)程中發(fā)生火災(zāi)后，這三人全部遇難。A.Unusually通常；B.Unfortunately不幸的是；C.Unfairly不公平地；D.Uncertainly不確定地。根據(jù)下文“allthreediedon27January1967”可知，三個(gè)都死了，這是不幸的事情。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：考慮到未來(lái)，Peake說(shuō)：“我們正在考慮建立一個(gè)月球站，成為通往火星的墊腳石。隨著國(guó)際空間站（ISS）即將退役，我覺(jué)得現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候把整個(gè)故事更新了?！盇.future將來(lái)；B.competitions競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；C.scenery風(fēng)景；D.tradition傳統(tǒng)。根據(jù)下文“We’relookingatestablishingalunarstationandsteppingstonestoMars”可知，這是Peake對(duì)未來(lái)的展望，空格處意為“未來(lái)”。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：考慮到未來(lái)，Peake說(shuō)：“我們正在考慮建立一個(gè)月球站，成為通往火星的墊腳石。隨著國(guó)際空間站（ISS）即將退役，我覺(jué)得現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候把整個(gè)故事更新了?！盇.give給；B.bring帶來(lái)，使處于某種狀況；C.make制作；D.take拿走。根據(jù)上文“We’relookingatesta